Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

EP0426980A2 - Process and arrangement for operating a coating apparatus - Google Patents

Process and arrangement for operating a coating apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0426980A2
EP0426980A2 EP90117798A EP90117798A EP0426980A2 EP 0426980 A2 EP0426980 A2 EP 0426980A2 EP 90117798 A EP90117798 A EP 90117798A EP 90117798 A EP90117798 A EP 90117798A EP 0426980 A2 EP0426980 A2 EP 0426980A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
coating
doctor element
doctor
coating edge
signal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90117798A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0426980B1 (en
EP0426980A3 (en
Inventor
Reinhard Esser
Helmut Graab
Claus Martin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CLAUS, MARTIN
Esser Reinhard
Graab Helmut
Original Assignee
Zanders Feinpapiere AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zanders Feinpapiere AG filed Critical Zanders Feinpapiere AG
Publication of EP0426980A2 publication Critical patent/EP0426980A2/en
Publication of EP0426980A3 publication Critical patent/EP0426980A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0426980B1 publication Critical patent/EP0426980B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C11/00—Component parts, details or accessories not specifically provided for in groups B05C1/00 - B05C9/00
    • B05C11/02—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface
    • B05C11/04—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface with blades
    • B05C11/041—Apparatus for spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to a surface ; Controlling means therefor; Control of the thickness of a coating by spreading or distributing liquids or other fluent materials already applied to the coated surface with blades characterised by means for positioning, loading, or deforming the blades

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a coating device and suitable arrangements therefor.
  • the setting accuracy of blade coaters can be checked and the movements of the blade can be measured under production conditions.
  • This enables a closed control loop to be set up for the blade coater, so that under all operating conditions - blade wear, influence of the counter roller, pressure from the coating ink on the blade - a specified target angle of the blade blade can be exactly maintained.
  • This constant angularity of the blade at the tip of the blade is the most important prerequisite for maintaining a constant line quality and quantity.
  • the aim of the invention is to detect and correct all changes in the blade angle.
  • a desired setpoint angle can be measured precisely and maintained via a control under all operating conditions.
  • FIG. 1b in principle show the side view of the application and in FIG. 1 the doctor element, which is known in the known manner as a coating blade, is designated by 1 and its coating edge, by means of which it wipes and doses a coating compound, with 18.
  • An angle a to a horizontal line H of the coating edge 18 is indicated.
  • An inclination switch 2 is used to detect this angle or deviations from this angle.
  • This consists of a glass bulb 3 in which a mercury bead 4 is located.
  • Two parallel wire electrodes 5 and 6 are inserted into the glass bulb with approximately the same length. If the coating blade deviates in its area close to the coating edge 18, the tilt switch 2 also deviates from the exactly horizontal position, so that the mercury bead either moves in the direction of the two electrodes or away from them.
  • the inclination switches are fastened to a permanent magnet 7 by means of an adhesive 8, which then adheres to the metallic doctor blade in a simple manner.
  • an adhesive 8 which then adheres to the metallic doctor blade in a simple manner.
  • coating blades are made of spring steel.
  • FIG. 2 shows a section of a coating device in which a coating blade 1 of the type described in FIG. 1 is installed.
  • the counter roller to which the coating blade 1 can be pressed by means of a pressure hose 11, is indicated by 15 in dash-dot lines.
  • the pneumatic pressure hose 11 is held in a holder 9 which is fastened to a supporting beam 28 which carries the entire coating device.
  • the doctor blade 1 is pressed against a counter piece 12 by means of a further pneumatic pressure hose 10.
  • a mouth 14 for coating slip is indicated, which is either applied directly to a roller 15 or to a paper web guided by the latter and then scraped off the coating edge of the coating blade 1.
  • the tilt switch 2 is on an angle-adjustable holding frame which has two mutually angle-adjustable arms 16 and 17, of which one arm 16 is attached to a permanent magnet 7 '.
  • the angular position of the arm 17 and thus also of the inclination switch 2 relative to the arm 16 is set by means of a joint 19, which can preferably be designed to be lockable.
  • This device is also favorable for particularly tight spaces in the area of the brush edge 18 of the coating blade 1
  • a sleeve (glass bulb) with an electrolyte fluid could also be used as the tilt switch, a circuit also being closed via electrodes.
  • Magnetic liquids or magnetic solids are also suitable.
  • the movement is measured with coils or Hall probes.
  • the angle piece 21 can, for example, be a ferromagnetic, magnetized material so that it adheres to the metal leaf spring (blade) 1. Its corner angle in the area of the coating blade 1 can be dimensioned according to the specified positions of the horizontal H and the tangent T in the contact point of the coating surface on the counter roller 15.
  • the light from this diode - or from a laser - can also be used as a light pointer, or its intensity deviations, which occur when the blade angle is changed in a light receiver, such as a photodiode, can be used as a signal.
  • FIG. 4 shows a counter roller 15 around which a paper web 32 runs.
  • An application roller 33 applies coating compound to the web 32.
  • a doctor blade 1 wipes off excess coating compound. It is held by a blade holder 35.
  • a rod-shaped pressure element 36 presses against the doctor blade 1, so that its free end 37 is pressed into the coating material on the web 32.
  • the free blade end 37 is provided on the end face with the blade sweeping surface 18, which runs essentially parallel to the web surface in the direction of web travel. This can be seen from Figures 2 and 3.
  • the blade holder 35 is seated on a beam support 30 and can be pivoted together with the latter about an axis 41, the pivot axis of which, viewed in a side view, is essentially flush with the front blade sweeping surface 18.
  • the pivoting takes place via a linkage element 42 by a motor 43 with a gear 44.
  • the motor 43 with the gear 44 and the blade holder 35 are seated on a further pivot axis 45 and can be pivoted away from the counter roller 15 about this pivot axis 45.
  • one end of a pivot lever 46 is attached to the pivot axis 45, the other end of which carries the first-mentioned pivot axis 41.
  • the force exerted by the pressure element 36 on the doctor blade 1 results from the pressure difference between two compressed gas hoses 47.
  • the pressure difference is set by a differential pressure measuring device 51 via hose 49, controlled by a control apparatus 60.
  • One of the respective angular positions of the coating blade is determined by the signal sensor or receiver 25 1 corresponding signal given via line 50 to a signal processor 51; whose output signal reaches a controller 53 via line 52, which is a function of the measured Win kel changes on a line 54 outputs appropriate control signals to the servomotor 43.
  • the motor 43 pivots the blade holder 35 about the pivot axis 41 in such a way that the front blade sweeping surface 9 always remains parallel to the web surface, even when the contact pressure changes, as seen in the direction of movement of the web 32.
  • the center line of the pivot axis 41 is essentially aligned with the end face of the blade sweeping surface 18.

Landscapes

  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Photographic Developing Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)
  • Fixing For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Threshing Machine Elements (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electric Cables (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)

Abstract

In the process for operating a coating apparatus, it is provided for changes in the angle of the coating edge of a doctoring element, for example in relation to the horizontal, to be directly detected by means of a signal transmitter which is mounted on the doctoring element 1 in the vicinity of its coating edge 18. This signal transmitter can operate on an electromagnetic basis so that the signal is transmitted in a wireless fashion to a receiver. An inclination switch is preferably provided, said switch detecting small deviations of a desired angle of the coating edge 18 in relation to, for example, the horizontal by means of the displacement of a mercury bead and two electrodes which are shortcircuited by the mercury bead. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Streich­einrichtung sowie geeignete Anordnungen dafür.The invention relates to a method for operating a coating device and suitable arrangements therefor.

Mit der im folgenden beschriebenen Meßvorrichtung kann die Ein­stellgenauigkeit von Bladecoatern überprüft werden und es kön­nen unter Produktionsbedingungen die Bewegungen der Bladeklinge gemessen werden. Damit läßt sich ein geschlossener Regelkreis für den Bladecoater aufbauen, so daß unter allen Betriebsbedin­gungen - Klingenverschleiß, Einfluß der Gegenwalze, Druck von der Streichkfarbe auf die Klinge - ein vorgegebener Sollwinkel der Bladeklinge genau eingehalten werden kann. Diese Winkelkon­stanz der Bladeklinge an der Klingenspitze ist die wichtigste Grundvoraussetzung, um konstante Strichqualität und Strichmenge beizubehalten.With the measuring device described below, the setting accuracy of blade coaters can be checked and the movements of the blade can be measured under production conditions. This enables a closed control loop to be set up for the blade coater, so that under all operating conditions - blade wear, influence of the counter roller, pressure from the coating ink on the blade - a specified target angle of the blade blade can be exactly maintained. This constant angularity of the blade at the tip of the blade is the most important prerequisite for maintaining a constant line quality and quantity.

Die bekannten Bladecoaterkonstruktionen lösen diese Aufgabe mit unterschiedlicher Genauigkeit.The well-known blade coater designs solve this task with different levels of accuracy.

Die dynamischen Einflüsse führen aber zu Veränderungen des Klingenwinkels. Hinzu kommt die Winkeländerung, bedingt durch Klingenverschleiß. Ziel der Erfindung ist es, alle Änderungen des Klingenwinkels zu erfassen und auszuregeln.However, the dynamic influences lead to changes in the blade angle. Added to this is the change in angle due to blade wear. The aim of the invention is to detect and correct all changes in the blade angle.

Wenn man die im folgenden beschriebene Meßvorrichtung verwen­det, kann man einen gewünschten Sollwinkel genau messen und über eine Regelung unter allen Betriebsbedingungen beibehalten.If one uses the measuring device described in the following, a desired setpoint angle can be measured precisely and maintained via a control under all operating conditions.

Da es deshalb nicht mehr nötig ist, die Biegelinie der Blade­klinge genau zu kennen und den Bladecoater von der Kinematik her auszulegen (um den Sollwinkel mehr oder weniger genau bei­zubehalten, wobei alle Störeinflüsse zu größeren Abweichungen führen können), ergeben sich für die Konstruktion neuer Blade­coater bisher nicht realisierbare Möglichkeiten:Because it is therefore no longer necessary to know the bending line of the blade and to design the blade coater from the kinematics (to maintain the target angle more or less exactly, whereby all disturbing influences can lead to larger deviations), new blade coaters result for the design Possibilities that were previously not possible:

Nachfolgend wird die Erfindung anhand der in den Figuren prin­zipmäßig dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele erläutert.The invention is explained below on the basis of the exemplary embodiments illustrated in principle in the figures.

Dabei zeigen Fig. 1b/in die Anwendung in Seitenansicht prinzipmäßig und in Fig. 1 ist das in bekannter Weise als Streichklinge ausgebildete Rakelelement mit 1 und deren Streichkante, mittels derer sie eine Streichmasse abstreicht und dosiert, mit 18 bezeichnet. Es ist ein Winkel a zu einer horizontalen Linie H der Streichkante 18 angegeben. Zur Erfas­sung dieses Winkels bzw. Abweichungen von diesem Winkel dient ein Neigungsschalter 2. Dieser besteht aus einem Glaskolben 3, in welchem sich eine Quecksilberperle 4 befindet. Es sind zwei parallele Drahtelek- troden 5 und 6 in den Glaskolben mit etwa gleicher Länge hin- eingeführt. Bei einer Abweichung der Streichklinge in ihrem der Streichkante 18 nahen Bereich weicht auch der Neigungsschalter 2 von der genau horizontalen Lage ab, so daß sich die Quecksil- berperle entweder in Richtung hin zu den beiden Elektroden oder weg von diesen bewegt. Wenn sich in diesem Fall der Winkel a vergrößert, bewegt sich die Quecksil­berperle hin zu den beiden Elektroden 5, 6, von welchen die eine die Anode und die andere die Kathode ist. Es wird auf die­se Weise der Stromkreis ge- schlossen und ein Signal ausgelöst. Um beide Richtungen der Winkelabweichung erfassen zu können, müssen Neigungsschalter auch in umgekehrter Einbauweise (also mit anderer Richtung der beiden Elektroden 5, 6) vorgesehen werden. Es können abwech- selnd verteilt über die Länge der Streichklinge 1 Neigungs- schalter mit beiden Richtungen der Elektroden angebracht werden.1b / in principle show the side view of the application and in FIG. 1 the doctor element, which is known in the known manner as a coating blade, is designated by 1 and its coating edge, by means of which it wipes and doses a coating compound, with 18. An angle a to a horizontal line H of the coating edge 18 is indicated. An inclination switch 2 is used to detect this angle or deviations from this angle. This consists of a glass bulb 3 in which a mercury bead 4 is located. Two parallel wire electrodes 5 and 6 are inserted into the glass bulb with approximately the same length. If the coating blade deviates in its area close to the coating edge 18, the tilt switch 2 also deviates from the exactly horizontal position, so that the mercury bead either moves in the direction of the two electrodes or away from them. If the angle a increases in this case, the mercury bead moves toward the two electrodes 5, 6, one of which is the anode and the other the cathode. In this way the circuit is closed and a signal is triggered. In order to be able to detect both directions of the angular deviation, inclination switches must also be provided in the opposite way of installation (that is, with a different direction of the two electrodes 5, 6). 1 tilt switch with both directions of the electrodes can be attached alternately distributed over the length of the doctor blade.

In diesem Fall ist vorgesehen, daß die Neigungsschalter mittels einem Klebestoff 8 an einem Permanentmagnet 7 befestigt sind, welcher dann auf einfache Weise an der metallischen Streich­klinge haftet. Bekanntlich sind solche Streichklingen ja aus Federstahl hergestellt.In this case, it is provided that the inclination switches are fastened to a permanent magnet 7 by means of an adhesive 8, which then adheres to the metallic doctor blade in a simple manner. As is known, such coating blades are made of spring steel.

In Fig. 2 ist ein Ausschnitt einer Streicheinrichtung darge­stellt, in welcher eine Streichklinge 1 der in Fig. 1 beschrie­benen Art installiert ist. Hier ist die Gegenwalze, an welche die Streichklinge 1 mittels eines Druckschlauchs 11 angepreßt werden kann, mit 15 strichpunktiert angedeutet. Der pneumati­sche Druckschlauch 11 ist in einer Halterung 9 gehalten, die an einem Tragbalken 28 befestigt ist, der die gesamte Streichein­richtung trägt. Die Streichklinge 1 wird dabei gegen ein Gegen­haltestück 12 mittels einem weiteren pneumatischen Druck­schlauch 10 angepreßt. Zwischen dem Gegenhaltestück 12 und einer Vorderwand 13 ist eine Mündung 14 für Streichmasse ange­deutet, die entweder direkt auf eine Walze 15 oder auf eine von dieser geführte Papierbahn aufgetragen und dann von der Streich­kante der Streichklinge 1 abgerakelt wird.FIG. 2 shows a section of a coating device in which a coating blade 1 of the type described in FIG. 1 is installed. Here, the counter roller, to which the coating blade 1 can be pressed by means of a pressure hose 11, is indicated by 15 in dash-dot lines. The pneumatic pressure hose 11 is held in a holder 9 which is fastened to a supporting beam 28 which carries the entire coating device. The doctor blade 1 is pressed against a counter piece 12 by means of a further pneumatic pressure hose 10. Between the counter-piece 12 and a front wall 13, a mouth 14 for coating slip is indicated, which is either applied directly to a roller 15 or to a paper web guided by the latter and then scraped off the coating edge of the coating blade 1.

In diesem Fall befindet sich der Neigungsschalter 2 auf einem winkeleinstellbaren Haltegestell, das zwei gegeneinander win­kelverstellbare Arme 16 und 17 aufweist, wovon der eine Arm 16 an einem Permanentmagneten 7′ befestigt ist. Mittels Gelenk 19, das vorzugsweise feststellbar ausgeführt sein kann, wird die Winkellage des Armes 17 und damit auch des Neigungsschalters 2 gegenüber dem Arm 16 eingestellt. Man kann diese Einstellung vorher im Labor für jeden Anstellwinkel a der Streichkante 18 der Streichklinge 1 vornehmen und dann einfach die gesamte Si­gnaleinrichtung mittels des Permanentmagneten 7′ an der Streichklinge 1 anheften. Diese Einrichtung ist auch günstig für besonders enge Platzverhältnisse im Bereich der Streichkan­te 18 der Streichklinge 1.In this case, the tilt switch 2 is on an angle-adjustable holding frame which has two mutually angle-adjustable arms 16 and 17, of which one arm 16 is attached to a permanent magnet 7 '. The angular position of the arm 17 and thus also of the inclination switch 2 relative to the arm 16 is set by means of a joint 19, which can preferably be designed to be lockable. You can make this setting beforehand in the laboratory for each setting angle a of the coating edge 18 of the coating blade 1 and then simply attach the entire signaling device to the coating blade 1 by means of the permanent magnet 7 '. This device is also favorable for particularly tight spaces in the area of the brush edge 18 of the coating blade 1

Es kommen auch andere Signalgeber als der dargestellte Hei­gungsschalter in Frage. Insbesondere ist an Laser zu denken, deren Signal von einer Reihe Fotodioden entsprechend der Win­kellage des Laserstrahls registriert werden kann. Auch Signal­geber auf anderer elektromagnetischer oder auch akustischer Ba­sis sind denkbar. Ein einfaches Registrierelement wäre ein an der Streichklinge befestigter Zeiger.Other signal generators than the slope switch shown can also be used. In particular, one should think of lasers whose signal can be registered by a series of photodiodes according to the angular position of the laser beam. Signal generators on another electromagnetic or acoustic basis are also conceivable. A simple registration element would be a pointer attached to the doctor blade.

Man könnte als Neigungsschalter auch eine Hülse (Glaskolben) mit einer Elektrolytflüssigkeit verwenden, wobei auch über Elektroden ein Stromkreis geschlossen wird.A sleeve (glass bulb) with an electrolyte fluid could also be used as the tilt switch, a circuit also being closed via electrodes.

Auch magnetische Flüssigkeiten oder magnetische Festkörper sind geeignet. Dabei wird die Bewegung mit Spulen oder Hallsonden gemessen.Magnetic liquids or magnetic solids are also suitable. The movement is measured with coils or Hall probes.

In Fig. 3 ist eine Anordnung dargestellt, bei der an einem Win­kelstück 21 eine Leuchtdiode 22 in einer Abdeckung 23 befestigt ist. Das - eventuell noch durch eine Optik gebündelte, - durch den Schlitz der Abdeckung austretende Licht wird z.B. von einer Diodenanordnung (array) 25 oder einer CCD-Kamera aufgefangen. Das Ausgangssignal dieser Anordnungen wird dann in entsprechen­der Weise verarbeitet. Das Winkelstück 21 kann z.B. ein ferro­magnetischer, magnetisierter Werkstoff sein, so daß er an der metallenen Blattfeder (Klinge) 1 haftet. Sein Eckenwinkel im Bereich der Streichklinge 1 kann nach den angegebenen Lagen der Horizontalen H und der Tangente T im Anliegepunkt der Streich­fläche an der Gegenwalze 15 bemessen werden. Das Licht dieser Diode - oder eines Lasers - kann auch als Lichtzeiger benutzt werden, oder es können seine Intensitätsabweichungen, die bei einem geänderten Klingenwinkel in einen Lichtempfänger, wie Photodiode, auftreten, als Signal benutzt werden.3 shows an arrangement in which a light-emitting diode 22 is fastened in a cover 23 to an angle piece 21. The light, possibly bundled by optics and emerging through the slot in the cover, is captured, for example, by a diode array 25 or a CCD camera. The output signal of these arrangements is then processed in a corresponding manner. The angle piece 21 can, for example, be a ferromagnetic, magnetized material so that it adheres to the metal leaf spring (blade) 1. Its corner angle in the area of the coating blade 1 can be dimensioned according to the specified positions of the horizontal H and the tangent T in the contact point of the coating surface on the counter roller 15. The light from this diode - or from a laser - can also be used as a light pointer, or its intensity deviations, which occur when the blade angle is changed in a light receiver, such as a photodiode, can be used as a signal.

Figur 4 zeigt eine Gegenwalze 15, um die eine Papierbahn 32 läuft. Eine Auftragswalze 33 trägt auf die Bahn 32 Beschich­tungsmasse auf.FIG. 4 shows a counter roller 15 around which a paper web 32 runs. An application roller 33 applies coating compound to the web 32.

Eine Schaberklinge 1 streicht überschüssige Beschichtungsmasse ab. Sie wird von einem Klingenhalter 35 gehalten. Ein stangen­förmiges Anpreßelement 36 drückt gegen die Schaberklinge 1, so daß deren freies Ende 37 in die Beschichtungsmasse auf der Bahn 32 gedrückt wird. Das freie Klingenende 37 ist stirnseitig mit der Klingenstreichfläche 18 versehen, die in Bahnbewegungs­richtung im wesentlichen parallel zur Bahnoberfläche verläuft. Dies ist aus Figur 2 und 3 ersichtlich.A doctor blade 1 wipes off excess coating compound. It is held by a blade holder 35. A rod-shaped pressure element 36 presses against the doctor blade 1, so that its free end 37 is pressed into the coating material on the web 32. The free blade end 37 is provided on the end face with the blade sweeping surface 18, which runs essentially parallel to the web surface in the direction of web travel. This can be seen from Figures 2 and 3.

Der Klingenhalter 35 sitzt auf einem Balkenträger 30 und ist zusammen mit diesem um eine Achse 41 schwenkbar, deren Schwenk­achse, in Seitenansicht gesehen, im wesentlichen mit der stirn­seitigen Klingenstreichfläche 18 fluchtet. Die Verschwenkung erfolgt über ein Anlenkelement 42 durch einen Motor 43 mit einem Getriebe 44. Der Motor 43 mit dem Getriebe 44 und dem Klingenhalter 35 sitzen auf einer weiteren Schwenkachse 45 und sind zusammen um diese Schwenkachse 45 von der Gegenwalze 15 wegschwenkbar. Zu diesem Zwecke ist an der Schwenkachse 45 das eine Ende eines Schwenkhebels 46 angebracht, dessen anderes Ende die erstgenannte Schwenkachse 41 trägt.The blade holder 35 is seated on a beam support 30 and can be pivoted together with the latter about an axis 41, the pivot axis of which, viewed in a side view, is essentially flush with the front blade sweeping surface 18. The pivoting takes place via a linkage element 42 by a motor 43 with a gear 44. The motor 43 with the gear 44 and the blade holder 35 are seated on a further pivot axis 45 and can be pivoted away from the counter roller 15 about this pivot axis 45. For this purpose, one end of a pivot lever 46 is attached to the pivot axis 45, the other end of which carries the first-mentioned pivot axis 41.

Die vom Anpreßelement 36 auf die Schaberklinge 1 ausgeübte Kraft ergibt sich durch die Druckdifferenz zwischen zwei Druck­gasschläuchen 47. Die Druckdifferenz wird von einem Differenz­druckmeßgerät 51 über Schlauch 49 eingestellt, gesteuert von einer Regelapparatur 60. Vom Signalaufnehmer oder Empfänger 25 wird ein der jeweiligen Winkellage der Streichklinge 1 ent­sprechendes Signal über eine Leitung 50 an einen Signalverar­beiter 51 gegeben; dessen Ausgangsignal gelangt über Leitung 52 zu einem Regler 53, der in Abhängigkeit von den gemessenen Win­ keländerungen über eine Leitung 54 entsprechende Stellsignale an den Stell-Motor 43 abgibt. Dadurch verschwenkt der Motor 43 den Klingenhalter 35 um die Schwenkachse 41 jeweils derart, daß die stirnseitige Klingen- streichfläche 9 auch bei Änderungen des Anpreßdruckes stets parallel, in Bewegungsrichtung der Bahn 32 gesehen, zur Bahnoberfläche bleibt. Die Mittellinie der Schwenkachse 41 fluchtet im wesentlichen mit der stirnseitgen Klingenstreichfläche 18.The force exerted by the pressure element 36 on the doctor blade 1 results from the pressure difference between two compressed gas hoses 47. The pressure difference is set by a differential pressure measuring device 51 via hose 49, controlled by a control apparatus 60. One of the respective angular positions of the coating blade is determined by the signal sensor or receiver 25 1 corresponding signal given via line 50 to a signal processor 51; whose output signal reaches a controller 53 via line 52, which is a function of the measured Win kel changes on a line 54 outputs appropriate control signals to the servomotor 43. As a result, the motor 43 pivots the blade holder 35 about the pivot axis 41 in such a way that the front blade sweeping surface 9 always remains parallel to the web surface, even when the contact pressure changes, as seen in the direction of movement of the web 32. The center line of the pivot axis 41 is essentially aligned with the end face of the blade sweeping surface 18.

Claims (11)

1. Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Streicheinrichtung mit einem Rakelelement, das in seinem Arbeitsbereich, in welchem es gegen eine Gegenwalze gepreßt wird, mit einer Streichkante Streichmasse glättet und dosiert und Klingen- oder leisten­förmig oder sowie zumindestens in seinem Trag- und Ein­spannbereich, in welchem es in einer Tragvorrichtung fest­gespannt ist, mit Federelastizität ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mittels ,in unmittelbarer Nähe der Streichkante (18) des Rakelelements (1) an diesem unmittel­bar oder mittelbar über Zwischenträger (7, 7′, 16, 17, 19) befestigte Sendern (2) auf ortsfeste oder mit der Rakel­halterung (28, 9) unmittelbar oder durch Trägerelemente mittelbar verbundene Empfänger (25) - oder mit umgekehrter Anordnung - Signale zuführbar sind, die der Winkellage der Streichkante (18) oder Abweichungen der Winkellage der Streichkante (18) von einem Sollwert entsprechen oder eine solche Abweichung signalisieren und daß mittels dieser Signale die Winkellage des Rakelelementes (1) geregelt wird.1. A method for operating a coating device with a doctor element, which smoothes and doses with a coating edge coating slip in its working area, in which it is pressed against a counter-roller, and in the form of blades or strips, or at least in its supporting and clamping area, in which it is clamped in a carrying device, is designed with spring elasticity, characterized in that by means of, in the immediate vicinity of the brushing edge (18) of the doctor element (1) attached to this directly or indirectly via intermediate supports (7, 7 ', 16, 17, 19) Transmitters (2) on receivers (25) which are stationary or which are connected directly to the doctor blade holder (28, 9) or indirectly by means of carrier elements - or with the reverse arrangement - can be supplied with signals which indicate the angular position of the coating edge (18) or deviations in the angular position of the coating edge ( 18) correspond to a target value or signal such a deviation and that by means of this Signals the angular position of the doctor element (1) is regulated. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Signale leitungslos von Sendern als elektromagnetische, Schall- oder Licht-Strahlung den Empfängern zugesandt wer­den.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the signals are sent wirelessly from transmitters to the receivers as electromagnetic, sound or light radiation. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß entlang der Streichkante (18) des Rakelelements (1) verteilt mehrere Sender oder Empfänger angeordnet sind und eine örtliche Steuerung der Anpreßkraft der Streichkante des Rakelelements abhängig von dem Sendersignal vorgenommen wird.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of transmitters or receivers are arranged along the coating edge (18) of the doctor element (1) and local control of the contact pressure of the coating edge of the doctor element is carried out depending on the transmitter signal. 4. Anordnung zum Betrieb einer Streicheinrichtung mit einem Rakelelement, das in seinem Arbeitsbereich, in welchem es gegen eine Gegenwalze gepreßt wird, mit einer Streichkante Streichmasse glättet und dosiert und Klingen- oder leisten­förmig oder sowie zumindestens in seinem Trag- und Ein­spannbereich, in welchem es in einer Tragvorrichtung fest­gespannt ist, mit Federelastizität ausgebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, wobei eine Regeleinrichtung zum konstant­halten der Winkellage des Rakelelements in Bezug auf die Warenbahn bzw. Gegenwalze vorgesehen ist, dadurch gekenn­zeichnet, daß in unmittelbarer nähe der Streichkante (18) des Rakelelements (1) an diesem unmittelbar oder mittelbar über Zwischenträger (7; 7′ 16, 17, 19) ein oder mehrere Sender (2) befestigt sind, deren Signale auf ortfeste oder mit der Rakelhalterung (28, 9) unmittelbar oder durch Trä­gerelemente mittelbar verbundene Empfänger (25) - oder mit umgekehrter Anordnung - zuführbar sind, wobei die Signale der Winkellage der Streichkante (18) oder Abweichungen der Winkellage der Streichkante (18) von einem Sollwert ent­sprechen oder eine solche Abweichung signalisieren.4. Arrangement for operating a coating device with a doctor element, which smoothes and doses with a coating edge coating slip in its working area, in which it is pressed against a counter-roller, and in the form of blades or strips or at least in its supporting and clamping area, in which it is clamped in a carrying device, is designed with spring elasticity, characterized in that a control device is provided for keeping the angular position of the doctor element constant with respect to the material web or counter roller, characterized in that in the immediate vicinity of the coating edge (18) of the doctor element (1 ) one or more transmitters (2) are fastened to this directly or indirectly via intermediate carriers (7; 7 '16, 17, 19), the signals of which on stationary receivers or directly connected to the doctor blade holder (28, 9) or indirectly via carrier elements ( 25) - or with the reverse arrangement - can be fed, the Si gnale correspond to the angular position of the coating edge (18) or deviations of the angular position of the coating edge (18) from a target value or signal such a deviation. 5. Streicheinrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Signalelement ein an dem Rakelelement in unmittel­barer Nachbarschaft von dessen Streichkante (18) befestig­ter Neigungsschalter (2), Leuchtdiode, Laser oder Ultra­schallquelle vorgesehen ist.5. Coating device according to claim 4, characterized in that a tilt switch (2), light-emitting diode, laser or ultrasound source is provided as a signal element on the doctor element in the immediate vicinity of its coating edge (18). 6. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4 oder 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Signalelement (2) mittels Permanentmagnet (7, 7′) am Rakelelement (1) bzw. an dessen als Blattfeder ausge­bildetem Träger unmittelbar oder über eine Haltevorrichtung (16, 17, 19) gehalten ist.6. Device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the signal element (2) by means of a permanent magnet (7, 7 ') on the doctor element (1) or on its carrier designed as a leaf spring directly or via a holding device (16, 17, 19th ) is held. 7. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Signalelement (2) an einer winkeleinstellbaren Hal­terung (16, 17) am Rakelelement (1) bzw. dessen Träger be­festigt ist.7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the signal element (2) is attached to an angle-adjustable holder (16, 17) on the doctor element (1) or its carrier. 8. Einrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Signal­element mittels einem Winkelstück (21) an dem Rakelelement (1) befestigt ist.8. Device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the signal element is attached to the doctor element (1) by means of an angle piece (21). 9. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Winkelstück (21) magnetisch ist.9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the angle piece (21) is magnetic. 10. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 9, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß als Sender eine Leuchtdiode dient, deren Leuchtstärke in Bezug auf einen Empfänger (25) durch eine Blende (23) entsprechend der Neigung des Rakelelementes verändert wird, wobei die Blende relativ zu dem Rakel­element unbeweglich angeordnet ist.10. Device according to one of claims 4 to 9, characterized in that a light-emitting diode serves as the transmitter, the luminous intensity with respect to a receiver (25) through a diaphragm (23) is changed according to the inclination of the doctor element, the diaphragm relative to the doctor element is arranged immovably. 11. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 4 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Empfänger (25) ein Diodenarray (CCD-Kamera) verwendet wird.11. Device according to one of claims 4 to 10, characterized in that a diode array (CCD camera) is used as the receiver (25).
EP90117798A 1989-11-09 1990-09-15 Process and arrangement for operating a coating apparatus Expired - Lifetime EP0426980B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3937322 1989-11-09
DE3937322A DE3937322A1 (en) 1989-11-09 1989-11-09 METHOD FOR OPERATING A COATING DEVICE

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0426980A2 true EP0426980A2 (en) 1991-05-15
EP0426980A3 EP0426980A3 (en) 1991-11-06
EP0426980B1 EP0426980B1 (en) 1995-03-29

Family

ID=6393199

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90117798A Expired - Lifetime EP0426980B1 (en) 1989-11-09 1990-09-15 Process and arrangement for operating a coating apparatus

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5221351A (en)
EP (1) EP0426980B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03267168A (en)
AT (1) ATE120387T1 (en)
BR (1) BR9005523A (en)
CA (1) CA2029663C (en)
DE (2) DE3937322A1 (en)
FI (1) FI107028B (en)
NO (1) NO176127C (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4313889A1 (en) * 1993-04-28 1993-10-21 Voith Gmbh J M Paper web coating blade - has a reflected for light beam as monitor for control of blade pressure bar setting
DE19731947A1 (en) * 1997-07-24 1999-01-28 Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh Liquid or paste applicator regulation method
WO2001020077A1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2001-03-22 Metso Paper, Inc. Doctor unit in a paper machine
EP2789734A1 (en) * 2013-04-09 2014-10-15 Valmet Technologies, Inc. Assembly for a device of a fiber web production line

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4124988C2 (en) * 1991-07-27 1995-06-22 Voith Gmbh J M Coating device with blade adjustment
SE469034B (en) * 1991-09-02 1993-05-03 Valmet Karlstad Ab DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE CRAFTING CONDITIONS
SE469035B (en) * 1991-09-16 1993-05-03 Valmet Karlstad Ab PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE CRAPING CONDITIONS
US5242498A (en) * 1992-08-04 1993-09-07 The Kohler Coating Machinery Corporation Adjustable blade coater
DE4302373A1 (en) * 1993-01-28 1994-08-04 Voith Gmbh J M Coating device for running webs of paper or cardboard
US5496407A (en) * 1993-04-19 1996-03-05 Mcaleavey; Michael E. System and method for monitoring and controlling thickness
US5500641A (en) * 1994-07-22 1996-03-19 Glens'son Safety switch device for use in manufacture of round cylindrical vessels
DE19715117A1 (en) * 1997-04-11 1998-10-15 Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh Assembly to coat a moving web
DE29707991U1 (en) * 1997-05-03 1997-07-03 EMWE GmbH, 97483 Eltmann Device for measuring the relative positioning of a doctor blade to a roller of a paper machine
DE19751098C2 (en) * 1997-11-18 2003-02-20 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Method and device for adjusting an elongate component, which extends in the width direction of a running material web
DE10358221A1 (en) * 2003-12-12 2005-07-07 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh doctor device
US7676298B2 (en) * 2005-06-08 2010-03-09 Crc For Advanced Composite Structures Limited Method and apparatus for surface shaping of polymer composite components
EP2883999B1 (en) 2013-12-11 2016-04-20 Garcia Xabier Echeverria Doctor for a paper machine

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2046137A (en) * 1979-04-04 1980-11-12 Voith Gmbh J M Automatically adjustable doctor blade
CH669996A5 (en) * 1986-04-14 1989-04-28 Felix Artho Instrument for measuring surface inclination - has mobile arm with internal source emitting light along arm axis and array of photodetectors giving signal related to arm position

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2555669C3 (en) * 1975-12-11 1984-10-18 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Device for scraping off excess coating
US4493158A (en) * 1981-10-13 1985-01-15 Koninklijke Nederlandse Papierfabrieken N.V. Method and apparatus for removing condensate from a cylinder, in particular a cylinder for drying paper
SE447545B (en) * 1985-06-12 1986-11-24 Inventing Ab SET AND DEVICE FOR LEAF COATING OF A CURRENT MATERIAL COAT
US4755806A (en) * 1987-03-09 1988-07-05 Villarreal Juan M Movement sensor
US4906335A (en) * 1987-06-08 1990-03-06 Thermo Electron Web System, Inc. Doctoring apparatus
US4884067A (en) * 1987-08-13 1989-11-28 Talkie Tooter (Canada) Ltd. Motion and position sensing alarm
FI82733C (en) * 1987-09-07 1991-04-10 Valmet Paper Machinery Inc VINKELKOMPENSATIONSANORDNING FOER SCHABERBLAD.
DE3825816A1 (en) * 1988-07-29 1990-02-01 Jagenberg Ag DEVICE FOR CONTINUOUSLY COATING A MATERIAL RAIL THROUGH A COUNTER ROLLER
US4919756A (en) * 1988-08-26 1990-04-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Method of and apparatus for compensatingly adjusting doctor blade

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2046137A (en) * 1979-04-04 1980-11-12 Voith Gmbh J M Automatically adjustable doctor blade
CH669996A5 (en) * 1986-04-14 1989-04-28 Felix Artho Instrument for measuring surface inclination - has mobile arm with internal source emitting light along arm axis and array of photodetectors giving signal related to arm position

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4313889A1 (en) * 1993-04-28 1993-10-21 Voith Gmbh J M Paper web coating blade - has a reflected for light beam as monitor for control of blade pressure bar setting
EP0622492A2 (en) * 1993-04-28 1994-11-02 J.M. Voith GmbH Coating device for a travelling web of paper or cardboard
EP0622492A3 (en) * 1993-04-28 1994-11-17 Voith Gmbh J M Coating device for a travelling web of paper or cardboard.
US5453128A (en) * 1993-04-28 1995-09-26 J. M. Voith Gmbh Coating system for running webs of paper or cardboard
DE19731947A1 (en) * 1997-07-24 1999-01-28 Voith Sulzer Papiermasch Gmbh Liquid or paste applicator regulation method
WO2001020077A1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2001-03-22 Metso Paper, Inc. Doctor unit in a paper machine
US7108766B1 (en) 1999-09-14 2006-09-19 Metso Paper, Inc. Doctor unit in a paper machine
EP2789734A1 (en) * 2013-04-09 2014-10-15 Valmet Technologies, Inc. Assembly for a device of a fiber web production line

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI905384A0 (en) 1990-10-31
JPH03267168A (en) 1991-11-28
EP0426980B1 (en) 1995-03-29
DE3937322A1 (en) 1991-05-16
NO176127B (en) 1994-10-31
BR9005523A (en) 1991-09-17
FI107028B (en) 2001-05-31
NO176127C (en) 1995-02-08
ATE120387T1 (en) 1995-04-15
NO904836L (en) 1991-05-10
EP0426980A3 (en) 1991-11-06
NO904836D0 (en) 1990-11-07
DE59008798D1 (en) 1995-05-04
CA2029663C (en) 1996-11-26
CA2029663A1 (en) 1991-05-10
US5221351A (en) 1993-06-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0426980B1 (en) Process and arrangement for operating a coating apparatus
DE2913421C3 (en) Method and device for stripping off excess coating material from a moving web
EP0352440B1 (en) Apparatus for continuously coating a web led over a counter roll
DE1635266C3 (en) Method for measuring the weft thread position of running fabric webs and device for carrying out the method
DE2615676A1 (en) DIGITAL DISPLAY MEASURING DEVICE, IN PARTICULAR DISTANCE MEASURING DEVICE
DE4401737C1 (en) Coating device
WO1994020647A1 (en) Blow-off device
DE1924193A1 (en) Foil arrangement
EP0100781A1 (en) Adjusting device for a light guide
DE102008035754B4 (en) Method and device for setting a position of guide rollers and / or transport rollers for printing substrates in printing machines
DE3929458C2 (en)
DE2728728C2 (en) Device for scanning hole marks applied to tapes
DE4300290A1 (en)
EP0650534B2 (en) Coating device
DE2317213C3 (en) Squeegee device for a rotary printing press
DE2540237B2 (en) Device for detecting defects in film strips
DE2329712A1 (en) ARRANGEMENT FOR COMPENSATING LENGTH CHANGES
DE2917519C2 (en) Device on printing machines to determine the degree of dryness of the printing material
DE4300868C1 (en) Coating device
DE2800340C2 (en) Adjustment device, in particular for optical measurements
DE2416708C3 (en) Method and device for determining the displacement of a point-like area on the surface of a solid body
DE4308302A1 (en) Coating scraper assembly - has bed exchange action without discarding holding blades and without dismantling
EP0123018A1 (en) Measuring system having an error correcting device
DE202004018808U1 (en) Device for dispensing of labels adhering to backing tape onto objects has control unit for influencing of position of material edges at right angles to direction of movement of backing tape on path to dispensing edge
DE102006034783A1 (en) Sensor and device for testing sheet material and method for sensor pre-adjustment

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19901220

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GB IT LI SE

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GB IT LI SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19921029

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: CLAUS, MARTIN

Owner name: GRAAB, HELMUT

Owner name: ESSER, REINHARD

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: CLAUS, MARTIN

Inventor name: GRAAB, HELMUT

Inventor name: ESSER, REINHARD

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT CH DE ES FR GB IT LI SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19950329

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: THE PATENT HAS BEEN ANNULLED BY A DECISION OF A NATIONAL AUTHORITY

Effective date: 19950329

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 120387

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19950415

Kind code of ref document: T

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 59008798

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19950504

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
ET Fr: translation filed
GBV Gb: ep patent (uk) treated as always having been void in accordance with gb section 77(7)/1977 [no translation filed]

Effective date: 19950329

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19990917

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19990930

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000930

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20010531

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20010924

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20010925

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20011011

Year of fee payment: 12

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020915

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020916

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20030401

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050915