EP0323403A2 - Schmierstoffzusammensetzung - Google Patents
Schmierstoffzusammensetzung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0323403A2 EP0323403A2 EP88810865A EP88810865A EP0323403A2 EP 0323403 A2 EP0323403 A2 EP 0323403A2 EP 88810865 A EP88810865 A EP 88810865A EP 88810865 A EP88810865 A EP 88810865A EP 0323403 A2 EP0323403 A2 EP 0323403A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- tert
- alkyl
- carbon atoms
- compounds
- series
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 2-methylfuryl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 47
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- GQBHYWDCHSZDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)-n-[4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)C=C1 GQBHYWDCHSZDQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004178 (C1-C4) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- OSFOTMWFXQGWKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenyl-4-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 OSFOTMWFXQGWKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004400 (C1-C12) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- UOMXLEWVJZEVGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-n-phenylaniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 UOMXLEWVJZEVGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- OPEKHRGERHDLRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butyl-n-(4-tert-butylphenyl)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1 OPEKHRGERHDLRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004642 (C1-C12) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000010446 mineral oil Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpent-1-ene Chemical group CC(=C)CC(C)(C)C FXNDIJDIPNCZQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010525 oxidative degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012065 two one-sided test Methods 0.000 description 3
- ZQMPWXFHAUDENN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis[(2-methylphenyl)amino]ethane Natural products CC1=CC=CC=C1NCCNC1=CC=CC=C1C ZQMPWXFHAUDENN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2'-Methylenebis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C)C=2)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O KGRVJHAUYBGFFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol Chemical compound CCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 BVUXDWXKPROUDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUQNLOIVFHUMTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[2-hydroxy-5-nonyl-3-(1-phenylethyl)phenyl]methyl]-4-nonyl-6-(1-phenylethyl)phenol Chemical compound OC=1C(C(C)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=1CC(C=1O)=CC(CCCCCCCCC)=CC=1C(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XUQNLOIVFHUMTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(CCC(O)=O)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O WPMYUUITDBHVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC2=CC=CC=C2C=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 XQVWYOYUZDUNRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CC=C1 HUMNYLRZRPPJDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010689 synthetic lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodiglycol Chemical compound OCCSCCO YODZTKMDCQEPHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WBSRIXCTCFFHEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl-ethoxyphosphinic acid Chemical compound CCOP(O)(=O)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 WBSRIXCTCFFHEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006702 (C1-C18) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNQNXQYZMPJLQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-1,3,5-triazinane-2,4,6-trione Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CN2C(N(CC=3C=C(C(O)=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C(=O)N(CC=3C=C(C(O)=C(C=3)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)C2=O)=O)=C1 VNQNXQYZMPJLQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000005208 1,4-dihydroxybenzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-[4-(5-chloro-6-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-methyl-3-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1C)C=1C(=NN(C=1C)C1CC2(CN(C2)C(C=C)=O)C1)C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BBRHQNMMUUMVDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,2-n-diphenylpropane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC(C)CNC1=CC=CC=C1 BBRHQNMMUUMVDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JUHXTONDLXIGGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-bis(5-methylheptan-3-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCC(C)CC(CC)NC1=CC=C(NC(CC)CC(C)CC)C=C1 JUHXTONDLXIGGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJNLYGOUHDJHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-bis(5-methylhexan-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CC(C)CCC(C)NC1=CC=C(NC(C)CCC(C)C)C=C1 ZJNLYGOUHDJHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJLNXEQCTFMBTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-di(butan-2-yl)-1-n,4-n-dimethylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCC(C)N(C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C(C)CC)C=C1 BJLNXEQCTFMBTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APTGHASZJUAUCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n,4-n-di(octan-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)NC1=CC=C(NC(C)CCCCCC)C=C1 APTGHASZJUAUCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZRMMVODKVLXCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-n-cyclohexyl-4-n-phenylbenzene-1,4-diamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC(C=C1)=CC=C1NC1=CC=CC=C1 ZRMMVODKVLXCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GFVSLJXVNAYUJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-prop-2-enylphenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N(CC=C)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 GFVSLJXVNAYUJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUAIOYWXCDLHKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-tricyclohexylphenol Chemical compound OC1=C(C2CCCCC2)C=C(C2CCCCC2)C=C1C1CCCCC1 UUAIOYWXCDLHKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPLCSTZDXXUYDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethyl-6-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 OPLCSTZDXXUYDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitro-1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C2=C1 FFRBMBIXVSCUFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LXWZXEJDKYWBOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-ditert-butyl-6-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)O)=C1O LXWZXEJDKYWBOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXCHWXWXYPEZKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-ditert-butyl-6-[1-(3,5-ditert-butyl-2-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]phenol Chemical compound C=1C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C=1C(C)C1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DXCHWXWXYPEZKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZNRFEXEPBITDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-bis(2-methylbutan-2-yl)benzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CCC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=C(C(C)(C)CC)C=C1O CZNRFEXEPBITDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JZODKRWQWUWGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-di-tert-butylbenzene-1,4-diol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC(O)=C(C(C)(C)C)C=C1O JZODKRWQWUWGCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLUKQUGVTITNSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol Chemical compound COC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SLUKQUGVTITNSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C1O DKCPKDPYUFEZCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRAQIHUDFAFXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dicyclopentyl-4-methylphenol Chemical compound OC=1C(C2CCCC2)=CC(C)=CC=1C1CCCC1 FRAQIHUDFAFXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBYWTKPHBLYYFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-(2-methylpropyl)phenol Chemical compound CC(C)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 JBYWTKPHBLYYFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SAJFQHPVIYPPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-(dioctadecoxyphosphorylmethyl)phenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOP(=O)(OCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SAJFQHPVIYPPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCXYLTWTWUGEAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-(methoxymethyl)phenol Chemical compound COCC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 SCXYLTWTWUGEAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UDFARPRXWMDFQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylsulfanylmethyl]phenol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=CC(CSCC=2C=C(C(O)=C(C=2)C(C)(C)C)C(C)(C)C)=C1 UDFARPRXWMDFQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMZVBRIIHDRYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-ditert-butyl-4-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenol Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 VMZVBRIIHDRYGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LBOGPIWNHXHYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hydroxy-5-octylphenyl)sulfanyl-4-octylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C(SC=2C(=CC=C(CCCCCCCC)C=2)O)=C1 LBOGPIWNHXHYHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NISAHDHKGPWBEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(4-nonylphenoxy)acetic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(OCC(O)=O)C=C1 NISAHDHKGPWBEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQESJWNDTICJHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-hydroxy-5-methyl-3-nonylphenyl)methyl]-4-methyl-6-nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC(C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(CCCCCCCCC)C=C(C)C=2)O)=C1O XQESJWNDTICJHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XRMBCKBVKSPUJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)methyl]-8-methyl-2-sulfanylnonanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCC(S)(C(O)=O)CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 XRMBCKBVKSPUJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTNMPUFESIRPQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-aminophenyl)methyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1N UTNMPUFESIRPQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AKNMPWVTPUHKCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-cyclohexyl-6-[(3-cyclohexyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)methyl]-4-methylphenol Chemical compound OC=1C(C2CCCCC2)=CC(C)=CC=1CC(C=1O)=CC(C)=CC=1C1CCCCC1 AKNMPWVTPUHKCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NYLGUNUDTDWXQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenyl-n-prop-2-enylaniline Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1N(CC=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NYLGUNUDTDWXQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002790 naphthalenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Substances [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- NTTIENRNNNJCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl n-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)carbamate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)NC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NTTIENRNNNJCHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
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- 229950000688 phenothiazine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000003014 phosphoric acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920013639 polyalphaolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- COEZWFYORILMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium 4-[(2,4-dihydroxyphenyl)diazenyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC1=CC(O)=CC=C1N=NC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 COEZWFYORILMOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001593 sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035049 sorbitan monooleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011069 sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- UVZICZIVKIMRNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiodiacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CSCC(O)=O UVZICZIVKIMRNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019303 thiodipropionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003258 trimethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
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- C10M133/12—Amines, e.g. polyalkylene polyamines; Quaternary amines having amino groups bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
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- C10M2215/065—Phenyl-Naphthyl amines
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- C10M2215/066—Arylene diamines
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- C10M2215/067—Polyaryl amine alkanes
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- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
- C10M2219/106—Thiadiazoles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2219/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring
- C10M2219/104—Heterocyclic compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium compounds in the ring containing sulfur and carbon with nitrogen or oxygen in the ring
- C10M2219/108—Phenothiazine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/08—Hydraulic fluids, e.g. brake-fluids
Definitions
- the present invention relates to new lubricant and hydraulic fluid compositions with high stability against oxidative degradation.
- additives from the series of diphenylamines as described in EP-A-0 149 422, are added to the lubricating oils, for example.
- New lubricant compositions have now been found which have further improved properties compared to the previously known products and are distinguished by high stability against oxidative degradation.
- the present invention relates to a composition
- a composition comprising at least one lubricant, in particular based on mineral oil, synthetic oils or mixtures thereof, or a hydraulic fluid, and a mixture of one or more compounds from the series A) and one or more compounds from the series B.
- the compounds of series A) having the general formula have in which R1 and R1 'are the same or different and -H, alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl having 5 to 12 carbon atoms or phenyl- (C1-C4) alkyl and n is a number from 0 , 1 or 2 means and the compounds of series B) the general formula have in which R2 -H, alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, phenyl, substituted with NO2, Cl, Br, F, C1-C12-alkyl and / or C1-C12-alkoxy phenyl, phenyl- (C1-C4 ) alkyl, phenyl of the general formula wherein R6 -H, alkyl having 1 to 20 C atoms or phenyl- (C1-C4) alkyl and x is 1 or 2, or R2 means furyl, tetrahydrofuryl, 2-methylfuryl, 2-methylte
- substituents R1, R1 ′, R2, R3 or R5 are alkyl having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, these are, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, 2-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, 1- Methylphenyl, isopentyl, hexyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, heptyl, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl, 1-methylhexyl, 3-heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, 1-methylheptyl, nonyl, 1,1,3- Trimethylhexyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, 1-methylundecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octa
- R1 or R1 'cycloalkyl having 5 to 12 carbon atoms it is about a group of the formula where a is a number from 3 to 9.
- This cycloalkyl group can optionally be substituted by C1-C4-alkyl. Examples are cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, methylcyclohexyl, dimethylcyclohexyl, trimethylcyclohexyl, t-butylcyclohexyl, cyclooctyl and cyclododecyl.
- the substituent phenyl- (C1-C4) alkyl is preferably benzyl.
- R2 or R3 can represent a phenyl substituted by C1-C12-alkyl.
- C1-C12 alkyl can be taken from the above list. Examples are methylphenyl, dimethylphenyl, trimethylphenyl, ethylphenyl, t-butylphenyl, isopropylphenyl, di-t-butylphenyl or 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl.
- R4 'in formula (IIa) can mean unsubstituted or C1-C18 alkyl substituted alkylene.
- Examples include methylene, ethylene, propylene, trimethylene, tetramethylene, pentamethylene, hexamethylene, heptamethylene, octamethylene, decamethylene or dodecamethylene, furthermore di-1,1-dimethyl-2,2-dimethyldimethylene, 1,1,2-trimethyl-2- n-propyltrimethylene, 2-ethyl-2-n-butyltrimethylene, 1-iso-propyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethylene, 1-methyltrimethylene, 2,2-dimethyltrimethylene, 1,1,3-trimethylene or 2,2,4- or 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylene.
- R4 ' represents dimethylene or trimethylene.
- R1 and R1 ' are the same or different in the compounds of the formula I and are -H, alkyl having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl and preferably cyclohexyl, or phenyl- (C1-C4) alkyl.
- R1 and R1 ' represent -H or alkyl having 4 to 8 carbon atoms.
- reaction products can be used as compounds of series A) obtainable by the method according to EP-A-0 149 422 can be used.
- the reaction product produced by the process mentioned is preferably used as such.
- diphenylamine is reacted with diisobutylene in the presence of a catalyst to form a liquid antioxidant composition such that the reaction of diphenylamine with an excess of diisobutylene is carried out in the presence of an active alumina catalyst such that the concentration of diisobutylene over the reaction period in the It is kept essentially constant that the reaction temperature is at least 160 ° C., that the reaction is carried out until the 4,4′-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine content, based on the reaction mass without catalyst, is below 30% by weight, preferably below 25% by weight and the diphenylamine content below 10% by weight, preferably below 5% by weight, that the catalyst and unreacted diisobutylene are removed and that the resulting liquid product is isolated.
- This process results in a liquid reaction mixture containing 4,4'-di-tert-ocytyldiphenylamine.
- This reaction mixture comprising the compounds from the series A), is preferably used for the mixture together with the compounds from the series B), as mentioned.
- This mixture can be obtained in particular by the process mentioned.
- R4 denotes alkyl having 4 to 12 carbon atoms, phenyl or - (CH2) -OR5, where R5 is alkyl with 1 to 18 carbon atoms and preferably for alkyl with 8-13 carbon atoms and s is 1 or 2.
- the very particularly preferred compounds of the formula II include those in which R2 is -H, alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms, furyl or phenyl, then compounds in which R3 -H, alkyl having 1 to 8 C atoms or where R4 has the meaning given above.
- R4 preferably has the meaning of alkyl having 8 to 12 carbon atoms or -CH2- -OR5, wherein R5 is branched alkyl having 8 to 13 carbon atoms and in particular tert-butyl or 2-ethylhexyl.
- Compounds from series B) can be used as individual compounds or as a mixture of different compounds from series B) with one another in each case in a mixture with a compound from series A) or a mixture of compounds from series A).
- the lubricant composition accordingly contains a mixture of at least one compound from the series A) with the formula I and at least one compound from the series B) with the formula II.
- Mixtures of 1 to 9 parts by weight of the compound or compounds of series A) with 9 to 1 parts by weight of the compound or compounds of series B), and preferably of 2 to 8 parts by weight of the compound or compounds of series A) and 8, are expedient up to 2 parts by weight of the compound or the compounds of series B) applied.
- Mixtures are preferably also used, comprising as compounds of series A) a reaction mixture containing 4,4'-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine and as compounds of series B), a compound of the formula where i-C8H17 is a mixture of branched isomers each having 8 carbon atoms, in a mixing ratio of A) to B) from 9: 1 to 1: 1 parts by weight.
- the mixing ratio of A) to B) is 9: 1 or 7: 3 or 1: 1 parts by weight.
- a preferred mixture contains as compounds of series A) a reaction mixture containing 4,4'-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine and, as a compound of series B), a compound of the formula where i-C8H17 is a mixture of branched isomers each having 8 carbon atoms, in a mixing ratio of A) to B) from 9: 1 to 1: 9 parts by weight.
- the mixing ratio of A) to B) is 9: 1 or 3: 7 or 1: 9 parts by weight.
- the compounds of formula II are for example from Reid, "Organic Chemistry of Bivalent Sulfur", vol. 3, pp. 320-341, Chemical Publishing Company, New York, 1960, and can be synthesized in a manner known per se.
- the following reaction routes are available, for example: this method can be carried out without a solvent or in a solvent, for example in cyclohexane, toluene, xylene or nitro or chlorobenzene.
- the process can be carried out either without the presence of a solvent or e.g. perform in methanol, ethanol, hexane or toluene as the solvent.
- the mixture according to the invention is suitable for adding lubricants, in particular those based on mineral oils, synthetic oils or semi-synthetic lubricating oils and hydraulic fluids.
- the lubricant can thus be, for example, an oil based on a mineral oil or a synthetic oil, or a fat.
- mineral oil includes all mineral oils for lubrication purposes, such as hydrocarbon-based mineral oils.
- Synthetic oils can be, for example, aliphatic or aromatic carboxyl esters, polymeric esters, polyalkylene oxides, phosphoric acid esters, poly- ⁇ -olefins, silicones, glycols, polyglycols or polyalkylene glycols.
- the lubricants can additionally contain other additives which are added in order to further improve the basic properties of lubricants; these include: other antioxidants, metal passivators, rust inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, dispersants, detergents, thickeners, biocides, anti-foaming agents, demulsifiers and emulsifiers, as well as high-pressure additives and friction reducers.
- additives which are added in order to further improve the basic properties of lubricants; these include: other antioxidants, metal passivators, rust inhibitors, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, dispersants, detergents, thickeners, biocides, anti-foaming agents, demulsifiers and emulsifiers, as well as high-pressure additives and friction reducers.
- 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, 2-tert-butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-iso-butylphenol, 2,6-di-cyclopentyl4-methylphenol, 2- ( ⁇ -methylcyclohexyl) - 4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-di-octadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-tri-cyclohexylphenol, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol, o-tert-butylphenol.
- esters of ⁇ - (3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols e.g.
- Methanol diethylene glycol, octadecanol, triethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, tris-hydroxyethyl isocyanurate, thiodiethylene glycol, bis-hydroxyethyl oxalic acid diamide.
- esters of ⁇ - (5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-3-methylphenyl) propionic acid with mono- or polyhydric alcohols e.g.
- Methanol diethylene glycol, octadecanol, triethylene glycol, 1,6-hexanediol, pentaerythritol, neopentyl glycol, tris-hydroxyethyl isocyanurate, thiodiethylene glycol, di-hydroxyethyl oxalic acid diamide.
- Aliphatic or aromatic phosphites esters of thiodipropionic acid or thiodiacetic acid, or salts of dithiocarbamide or dithiophosphoric acid.
- metal passivators examples are:
- Triazoles for copper, for example: Triazoles, benzotriazoles and their derivatives, 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, 5,5'-methylenebisbenztriazole, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzetriazole, 2,5-di-mercaptothiadiazole, salicylidene-propylenediamine, salts of salicylaminoguanidine.
- rust inhibitors are:
- viscosity index improvers examples are:
- Polyacrylates polymethacrylates, vinyl pyrrolidone / methacrylate copolymers, polyvinyl pyrrolidones, polybutenes, olefin copolymers, styrene / acrylate copolymers, polyethers.
- pour point low mixers are:
- dispersants / surfactants examples are:
- Polybutenylsuccinic acid imides polybutenylphosphonic acid derivatives, basic magnesium, calcium and barium sulfonates and phenolates.
- wear protection additives are:
- Compounds containing sulfur and / or phosphorus and / or halogen such as sulfurized vegetable oils, zinc dialkyldithiophosphates, tritolyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffins, alkyl and aryl disulfides, triphenylphosphorothionates, diethanolaminomethyltolyltriazole and di (2-isooctyl) aminomethyltolyl.
- the invention also encompasses the use of mixtures of compounds of series B) as an antioxidant in lubricants and hydraulic fluids.
- the additives according to the invention are also effective in lubrication systems of the type described above, but which additionally have a co-lubrication system which contains customary amounts of solid lubricants, such as graphite, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide or polytetrafluoroethylene.
- solid lubricants such as graphite, boron nitride, molybdenum disulfide or polytetrafluoroethylene.
- the compounds of the series A) and the compounds of the series B) can be mixed with one another in the proportions indicated and the mixture can then be mixed in with the lubricant or the hydraulic fluid in the quantities mentioned. It is also expedient to mix the compounds of the series A) and the compounds of the series B) separately with the lubricant or the hydraulic fluid, the quantitative proportions given also having to be adhered to in this case. The production of so-called masterbatches is also possible.
- the reaction mass is cooled to 60 ° C. and the catalyst is removed by vacuum filtration.
- the filtrate is transferred to a distillation apparatus and the pressure is reduced to 26 mbar with heating and stirring.
- the liquid has the approximate composition of 3.2% by weight diphenylamine, 13.2% by weight 4-tert-butyldiphenylamine, 25.3% by weight of compounds from the 4-tert-octyldiphenylamine series, 4.4 '-Di-tert-butylamine and 2,4,4'-tris-tert-butylamine, 24.2% by weight of compounds from the series 4-tert-butyl-4'-tert-octyldiphenylamine, 2.2' - or 2,4'-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine and 2,4-di-tert-butyl-4'tert-octyldiphenylamine and 18.2% by weight of 4,4'-di-tert-octyldiphenylamine and 6.0 Wt .-% 2,4-di-tert-octyl-4'-tert-butyldiphenylamine, as well as further shares in other higher alkyl
- the thioketal compound according to a) and the reaction mixture according to b) are mixed with one another in the amounts evident from example 4. These latter mixtures are mixed in an amount of 0.25% by weight, based on the oil, of a mineral oil of the Mobil 15 SS4 type.
- the thioketal compound according to a) and the reaction mixture according to b) are mixed with one another in the amounts evident from example 4. These latter mixtures are mixed in an amount of 0.25% by weight, based on the oil, of a mineral oil of the Mobil 15 SS4 type.
- the compounds according to a) and the reaction mixture according to b) are combined in the proportions from a) to b) of 9: 1, 7: 3, 1: 1, 3: 7 and 1: 9 parts by weight and processed into corresponding mixtures.
- the oil to be tested (Mobil 15 SS4) is heated to 95 ° C. in the presence of water, oxygen, an iron-copper catalyst and the stabilizer for 1000 hours.
- the TAN acid value (in mg KOH consumption per g test oil) and the sludge (SLUDGE) (in mg residue per batch) are then determined.
- the results are summarized in Table 1.
- the concentration of the stabilizer mixtures is 0.25% by weight, based on the oil.
- Table 2 below shows the measured values from the TOST test for various mixtures of compounds according to Example 3. The test procedure and conditions are given above, except for the test duration which is 500 hours and the oil (mineral oil BB).
- Table 2 Example 4 Stabilizer (total 0.25% by weight) mixture of 500 hours TOST % By weight according to the example % By weight according to the example TAN (mg KOH / g oil) SLUDGE (mg) G) 10 3a) 90 3b) 0.24 58 H) 30 3a) 70 3b) 0.25 38 i) 50 3a) 50 3b) 0.11 14 k) 70 3a) 30 3b) 0.08 27th l) 90 3a) 10 3b) 0.08 87
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Abstract
wobei R⁵ eine Alkylgruppe sein kann, und R⁴′ eine Alkylengruppe und Y gleich O oder S ist. Die Mischung verleiht Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen eine hohe Stabilität gegen oxidativen Abbau.
Description
- Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft neue Schmierstoff- und Hydraulikflüssigkeitzusammensetzungen mit hoher Stabilität gegen oxidativen Abbau.
- Es ist bekannt, Schmierstoffen, wie Mineralölen oder synthetischen und halbsynthetischen Oelen, Zusatzstoffe zur Verbesserung der Gebrauchseigenschaften zuzusetzen.
- Von grosser Bedeutung sind Zusatzstoffe, welche den oxidativen Abbau der Schmierstoffe unterbinden und eine hohe Lager- und Wirkungsstabilität gewährleisten.
- Hierfür werden heute beispielsweise den Schmierölen Zusatzstoffe aus der Reihe der Diphenylamine, wie sie in der EP-A-0 149 422 beschrieben werden, zugesetzt.
- Weiters wurden aus der DE-OS 28 27 253 Thioketale bekannt, die als Hochdruck-Zusätze in Schmiermitteln Verwendung finden können.
- Es wurden nun neue Schmierstoffzusammensetzungen gefunden, die weiter verbesserte Eigenschaften gegenüber den bisher bekannt gewordenen Produkten aufweisen und sich durch hohe Stabilität gegenüber oxidativer Degradation auszeichnen.
- Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Zusammensetzung, enthaltend wenigstens einen Schmierstoff, insbesondere auf Basis von Mineralöl, synthetischen Oelen oder Gemischen davon, oder eine Hydraulikflüssigkeit, und eine Mischung aus einer oder mehreren Verbindungen aus der Reihe A) und einer oder mehreren Verbindungen aus der Reihe B), wobei die Verbindungen der Reihe A) die allgemeine Formel
wobei
s = 1 oder 2 ist und R⁵ gleich Alkyl mit 1 bis 24 C-Atomen ist, darstellen und R⁴′ unsubstituiertes oder C₁-C₁₂-alkylsubstituiertes Alkylen mit 1 bis 18 C-Atomen bedeutet und Y gleich O oder S ist. - Bedeuten die Substituenten R¹, R¹′, R², R³ oder R⁵ Alkyl mit 1 bis 24 C-Atomen, so sind das beispielsweise Methyl, Ethyl, Propyl, Isopropyl, Butyl, Isobutyl, 2-Butyl, t-Butyl, Pentyl, 1-Methylphenyl, Isopentyl, Hexyl, 1,3-Dimethylbutyl, Heptyl, 1,1,3,3-Tetramethylbutyl, 1-Methylhexyl, 3-Heptyl, Octyl, 2-Ethylhexyl, 1-Methylheptyl, Nonyl, 1,1,3-Trimethylhexyl, Decyl, Undecyl, Dodecyl, 1-Methylundecyl, Tridecyl, Tetradecyl, Pentadecyl, Hexadecyl, Heptadecyl, Octadecyl, Eicosyl usw.
- Für die Alkylsubstituenten R⁴ mit 4 bis 18 C-Atomen und R⁶ mit 1 bis 20 C-Atomen gelten sinngemäss für die jeweilige C-Kettenlänge die oben genannten Beispiele.
- Bedeutet R¹ oder R¹′ Cycloalkyl mit 5 bis 12 C-Atomen, so handelt es sich etwa um eine Gruppe der Formel
- Der Substituent Phenyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkyl ist vorzugsweise Benzyl.
- Schliesslich können R² oder R³ ein mit C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl substituiertes Phenyl darstellen. Die Beispiele für C₁-C₁₂-Alkyl lassen sich obiger Aufzählung sinngemäss entnehmen. Beispiele sind Methylphenyl, Dimethylphenyl, Trimethylphenyl, Ethylphenyl, t-Butylphenyl, Isopropylphenyl, Di-t-butylphenyl oder 2,6-Di-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl.
- R⁴′ in Formel (IIa) kann unsubstituiertes oder C₁-C₁₈ Alkyl substituiertes Alkylen bedeuten. Beispiele dafür sind Methylen, Ethylen, Propylen, Trimethylen, Tetramethylen, Pentamethylen, Hexamethylen, Heptamethylen, Octamethylen, Decamethylen oder Dodecamethylen, weiters Di-1,1-dimethyl-2,2-dimethyldimethylen, 1,1,2-Trimethyl-2-n-propyltrimethylen, 2-Ethyl-2-n-butyltrimethylen, 1-iso-Propyl-2,2-dimethyltrimethylen, 1-Methyltrimethylen, 2,2-Dimethyltrimethylen, 1,1,3-Trimethylen oder 2,2,4- oder 2,4,4-Trimethylhexamethylen. Vorzugsweise stellt R⁴′ Dimethylen oder Trimethylen dar.
- In einer zweckmässigen Ausführungsform sind in den Verbindungen mit der Formel I R¹ und R¹′ gleich oder verschieden und bedeuten -H, Alkyl mit 4 bis 12 C-Atomen, Cycloalkyl und dabei vorzugsweise Cyclohexyl, oder Phenyl-(C₁-C₄)-alkyl.
- In einer vorzugsweisen Ausführungsform bedeuten R¹ und R¹′ -H oder Alkyl mit 4 bis 8 C-Atomen.
- Als Verbindungen der Reihe A) können insbesondere auch Gemische von zwei oder mehreren Verbindungen mit der Formel I zur Anwendung gelangen. Beispielsweise können als Verbindungen der Reihe A) die Reaktionsprodukte erhältlich nach dem Verfahren nach der EP-A-0 149 422 eingesetzt werden. Bevorzugt wird das nach dem genannten Verfahren erzeugte Reaktionsprodukt als solches eingesetzt. Nach dem Verfahren dieser letzteren Patentschrift wird Diphenylamin mit Diisobutylen in Anwesenheit eines Katalysators zu einer flüssigen Antioxidanszusammensetzung derart umgesetzt, dass die Reaktion von Diphenylamin mit einem Ueberschuss an Diisobutylen in Anwesenheit eines aktiven Tonerde-Katalysators durchgeführt wird, dass die Konzentration an Diisobutylen über die Reaktionsdauer im Wesentlichen konstant gehalten wird, dass die Reaktionstemperatur mindestens 160°C beträgt, dass die Reaktion solange durchgeführt wird bis der Gehalt an 4,4′-Di-tert.-octyldiphenylamin, bezogen auf die Reaktionsmasse ohne Katalysator, unter 30 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise unter 25 Gew.-% und der Gehalt an Diphenylamin unter 10 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise unter 5 Gew.-% liegen, dass der Katalysator und nicht umgesetztes Diisobutylen entfernt werden und dass das entstehende flüssige Produkt isoliert wird. Es resultiert aus diesem Verfahren ein flüssiges Reaktionsgemisch enthaltend 4,4′-Di-tert-ocytyldiphenylamin. Dieses Reaktionsgemisch, enthaltend die Verbindungen der Reihe A), wird bevorzugt für die Mischung zusammen mit den Verbindungen aus der Reihe B), wie erwähnt, angewendet.
- Geeignete Gemische von Verbindungen mit der Formel I können beispielsweise in variierenden Mengenanteilen enthalten:
- a) Diphenylamin,
- b) 4-Tert-butyldiphenylamin
- c) i) 4-Tert-octyldiphenylamin
- c) ii) 4,4′-Di-tert-butyldiphenylamin
- c) iii) 2,4,4′-Tris-tert-butyldiphenylamin
- d) i) 4-tert-butyl-4′-tert-octyldiphenylamin
- d) ii) 2,2′- oder 2,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin
- d) iii) 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-4′tert-octyldiphenylamin
- e) i) 4,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin
- e) ii) 2,4-Di-tert-octyl-4′-tert-butyldiphenylamin
- In bevorzugter Weise enthält das Gemisch von verbindungen der Reihe A) der Formel I
- a) 1 bis 5 Gew.-% Diphenylamin
- b) 8 bis 18 Gew.-% 4-Tert-butyldiphenylamin
- c) 21 bis 31 Gew.-% einer oder mehrerer der verbindungen
- i) 4-Tert-octyldiphenylamin
- ii) 4,4′-Di-tert-butyldiphenylamin
- iii) 2,4,4′-Tris-tert-butyldiphenylamin
- d) 20 bis 31 Gew.-% einer oder mehrerer der verbindungen
- i) 4-Tert-butyl-4′-tert-octyldiphenylamin
- ii) 2,2′- oder 2,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin
- iii) 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-4′tert-octyldiphenylamin
und
- e) 15 bis 29 Gew.-% der Verbindungen
- i) 4,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin oder
- i) 4,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin und
- ii) 2,4-Di-tert-octyl-4′-tert-butyldiphenylamin.
- Dieses Gemisch ist insbesondere nach dem erwähnten Verfahren erhältlich.
- In weiteren zweckmässigen Ausführungsformen bedeutet in der Formel II der Substituent R₂ -H, Alkyl mit 1 bis 12 C-Atomen, Phenyl, o-Hydroxyphenyl, 3,5-Di-R⁶-4-Hydroxyphenyl, wobei R⁶ die oben angegebene Bedeutung hat, Furyl oder
wobei m = 1 und p = 0 oder 1 ist, oder m = 2 und p = 0 ist, und R⁴ die oben angegebene Bedeutung hat. -
-
- Die Substituenten R⁴ sind zweckmässig in Verbindungen der Formel II jeweils gleich.
- Schliesslich gehören zu den ganz besonders bevorzugten Verbindungen nach Formel II solche, bei denen R² gleich -H, Alkyl mit 1 bis 8 C-Atomen, Furyl oder Phenyl ist, dann Verbindungen bei denen R³ -H, Alkyl mit 1 bis 8 C-Atomen oder
wobei R⁵ verzweigtes Alkyl mit 8 bis 13 C-Atomen und insbesondere Tert.-butyl oder 2-Ethylhexyl darstellt, ist. - Verbindungen aus der Reihe B) können als Einzelverbindungen oder als Gemisch verschiedener Verbindungen aus der Reihe B) untereinander jeweils im Gemisch mit einer Verbindung der Reihe A) oder einem Gemisch von Verbindungen der Reihe A) eingesetzt werden.
- Wie erwähnt, enthält demnach die Schmierstoffzusammensetzung eine Mischung aus wenigstens einer verbindung aus der Reihe A) mit der Formel I und wenigstens einer verbindung aus der Reihe B) mit der Formel II.
- Zweckmässig werden Gemische von 1 bis 9 Gewichtsteilen der verbindung oder den Verbindungen der Reihe A) mit 9 bis 1 Gewichtsteilen der Verbindung oder den Verbindungen der Reihe B), und vorzugsweise von 2 bis 8 Gewichtsteile der Verbindung oder den Verbindungen der Reihe A) und 8 bis 2 Gewichtsteile der Verbindung oder den Verbindungen der Reihe B) angewendet.
-
- Bevorzugt werden auch Gemische angewendet, enthaltend als Verbindungen der Reihe A) ein Reaktionsgemisch enthaltend 4,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin und als Verbindung der Reihe B), eine Verbindung der Formel
- Ein bevorzugtes Gemisch enthält als Verbindungen der Reihe A) ein Reaktionsgemisch enthaltend 4,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin und, als Verbindung der Reihe B), eine Verbindung der Formel
- Die Verbindungen nach der Formel II sind beispielsweise aus Reid, "Organic Chemistry of Bivalent Sulfur", vol. 3, pp. 320-341, Chemical Publishing Company, New York, 1960, bekannt und können auf an sich bekannte Weise synthetisiert werden. Es bieten sich beispielsweise folgende Reaktionswege an:
- Das Verfahren lässt sich entweder ohne die Anwesenheit eines Lösungsmittels oder z.B. in Methanol, Ethanol, Hexan oder Toluol als Lösungsmittel durchführen.
- Die erfindungsgemässe Mischung ist geeignet, Schmierstoffen, insbesondere auf Basis von Mineralölen, synthetischen Oelen oder halbsynthetischen Schmierölen und Hydraulikflüssigkeiten zugefügt zu werden.
- So zeigen Mineralöle, synthetische und halbsynthetische Schmieröle, sowie deren Gemische und Hydraulikflüssigkeiten, welche zweckmässig 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-%, z.B. 0,1 bis 5 Gew.-%, und vorzugsweise 0,1 bis 1,0 Gew.-%, jeweils bezogen auf den Schmierstoff oder die Hydraulikflüssigkeit, einer Mischung aus wenigstens einer Verbindung A) und wenigstens einer Verbindung B) enthalten, die erwünschten Eigenschaften, besonders bezüglich der guten Oxidationsbeständigkeit.
- Die in Frage kommenden Schmierstoffe sind z.B. in "Ullmanns Enzyklopädie der technischen Chemie", Bd. 13, Seiten 85-94 (Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 1977), in D. Klamann, "Schmierstoffe und verwandte Produkte", Verlag Chemie, Weinheim (1982) oder in J.H. Schewe, W. Kobek, "Das Schmiermittel Taschenbuch", Hüthig Verlag, Heidelberg (1974), beschrieben und dem Fachmann geläufig.
- Der Schmierstoff kann also beispielsweise ein Oel, basierend auf einem Mineralöl oder einem synthetischen Oel, oder ein Fett sein. Der Ausdruck Mineralöl umfasst alle Mineralöle für Schmierzwecke, wie Mineralöle auf Kohlenwasserstoffbasis. Synthetische Oele können beispielsweise aliphatische oder aromatische Carboxylester, polymere Ester, Polyalkylenoxide, Phosphorsäureester, Poly-α-olefine, Silicone, Glykole, Polyglykole oder Polyalkylenglykole sein.
- Die Schmierstoffe können zusätzlich andere Additive enthalten, die zugegeben werden, um die Grundeigenschaften von Schmierstoffen noch weiter zu verbessern; dazu gehören: weitere Antioxidantien, Metallpassivatoren, Rostinhibitoren, Viskositätsindex-Verbesserer, Stockpunkterniedriger, Dispergiermittel, Detergentien, Verdicker, Biozide, Antischaummittel, De- und Emulgatoren, sowie Hochdruck-Zusätze und Reibungsverminderer.
- 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert-butylphenol, 2-tert-Butyl-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-n-butylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-iso-butylphenol, 2,6-Di-cyclopentyl4-methylphenol, 2-(α-Methylcyclohexyl)-4,6-dimethylphenol, 2,6-Di-octadecyl-4-methylphenol, 2,4,6-Tri-cyclohexylphenol, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methoxymethylphenol, o-tert-Butylphenol.
- 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol, 2,5-Di-tert-butyl-hydrochinon, 2,5-Di-tert-amyl-hydrochinon, 2,6-Diphenyl-4-octadecyloxyphenol.
- 2,2′-Thio-bis-(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2′-Thio-bis-(4-octylphenol), 4,4′-Thio-bis-(6-tert-butyl-3-methylphenol), 4,4′-Thio-bis-(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol).
- 2,2′-Methylen-bis-(6-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2′-Methylen-bis-(6-tert-butyl-4-ethylphenol), 2,2′-Methylen-bis-[4-methyl-6-(α-methylcyclohexyl)-phenol], 2,2′-Methylen-bis-(4-methyl-6-cyclohexylphenol), 2,2′-Methylen-bis-(6-nonyl-4-methylphenol), 2,2′-Methylen-bis-(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2′-Ethyliden-bis-(4,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 2,2′-Ethyliden-bis-(6-tert-butyl-4-iso-butylphenol), 2,2′-Methylen-bis-[6-(α-methylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenol], 2,2′-Methylen-bis-[6-(α,α-dimethylbenzyl)-4-nonylphenol], 4,4′-Methylen-bis-(2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4′-Methylen-bis-(6-tert-butyl-2-methylphenol), 1,1-Bis-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-butan, 2,6-Di-(3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-2-hydroxybenzyl)-4-methylphenol, 1,1,3-Tris-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-methylphenyl)-3-n-dodecylmercaptobutan, Ethylenglycol-bis-[3,3-bis-(3′-tertbutyl-4′-hydroxyphenyl)-butyrat], Bis-(3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)-dicyclopentadien, Bis-[2-(3′-tert-butyl-2′-hydroxy-5′-methylbenzyl)-6-tert-butyl-4methyl-phenyl]-terephthalat.
- 1,3,5-Tri-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-2,4,6-trimethylbenzol, Bis-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-sulfid, 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl-mercaptoessigsäure-isooctylester, Bis-(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-dithiol-terephthalat, 1,3,5-Tris-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)-isocyanurat, 1,3,5-Tris-(4-tert-butyl-3-hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzyl)-isocyanurat, 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl-phosphonsäure-dioctadecylester, 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl-phosphonsäure-monoethylester, Calcium-salz.
- 4-Hydroxy-laurinsäureanilid, 4-Hydroxy-stearinsäureanilid, 2,4-Bis-octylmercapto-6-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanilino)-s-triazin, N-(3,5-ditert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)-carbaminsäureoctylester.
- Methanol, Diethylenglycol, Octadecanol, Triethylenglycol, 1,6-Hexandiol, Pentaerythrit, Neopentylglycol, Tris-hydroxyethyl-isocyanurat, Thiodiethylenglycol, Bis-hydroxyethyl-oxalsäurediamid.
- Methanol, Diethylenglycol, Octadecanol, Triethylenglycol, 1,6-Hexandiol, Pentaerythrit, Neopentylglycol, Tris-hydroxyethyl-isocyanurat, Thiodiethylenglycol, Di-hydroxyethyl-oxalsäurediamid.
- N,N′-Bis-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)-hexamethylendiamin, N,N′-Bis-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)-trimethylendiamin, N,N′-Bis-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenylpropionyl)-hydrazin.
- N,N′-Di-isopropyl-p-phenylendiamin, N,N′-Di-sec-butyl-p-phenylendiamin, N,N′-Bis(1,4-dimethyl-pentyl)-p-phenylendiamin, N,N′-Bis(1-ethyl-3-methyl-pentyl)-p-phenylendiamin, N,N′-Bis(1-methyl-heptyl)-p-phenylendiamin, N,N′-Diphenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N,N′-Di-(naphthyl-2)-p-phenylendiamin, N-Isopropyl-N′-phenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N-(1,3-Dimethyl-butyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N-(1-Methyl-heptyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylendiamin, N-Cyclohexyl-N′-phenyl-p-phenylendiamin, 4-(p-Toluol-sulfonamido)-diphenylamin, N,N′-Dimethyl-N,N′-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylendiamin, Diphenylamin, N-Allyldiphenylamin, 4-Isopropoxy-diphenylamin, N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamin, N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamin, 4-n-Butylaminophenol, 4-Butyrylamino-phenol, 4-Nonanoylamino-phenol, 4-Dodecanoylamino-phenol, 4-Octadecanoylamino-phenol, Di-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-amin, 2,6-Di-tert-butyl-4-dimethylamino-methyl-phenol, 2,4′-Diamino-diphenylmethan, 4,4′-Diamino-diphenylmethan, N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethyl-4,4′-diamino-diphenylmathan, 1,2-Di-[(2-methyl-phenyl)-amino]-ethan, 1,2-Di-(phenylamino)-propan, (o-Tolyl)-biguanid, Di-[4-(1′,3′-dimethyl-butyl)-phenyl)amin, tert-octyliertes N-Phenyl-1-naphthylamin, Gemisch aus mono- und dialkylierten tert-Butyl-/tert-Octyldiphenylaminen, 2,3-Dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-4H-1,4-benzothiazin, Phenothiazin, N-Allylphenothiazin.
- Aliphatische oder aromatische Phosphite, Ester der Thiodipropionsäure oder der Thiodiessigsäure, oder Salze der Dithiocarbamid- oder Dithiophosphorsäure.
- für Kupfer, z.B.:
Triazole, Benztriazole und deren Derivate, 2-Mercaptobenzthiazol, 5,5′-Methylenbisbenztriazol, 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrobenztriazol, 2,5-Di-mercaptothiadiazol, Salicyliden-propylendiamin, Salze von Salicylaminoguanidin. -
- a) Organische Säuren, ihre Ester, Metallsalze und Anhydride, z.B.:
N-Oleoyl-sarcosin, Sorbitan-mono-oleat, Blei-naphthenat, Dodecenylbernsteinsäure-anhydrid, Alkenylbernsteinsäure-Halbester, 4-Nonylphenoxy-essigsäure. - b) Stickstoffhaltige verbindungen, z.B.:
- I. Primäre, sekundäre oder tertiäre aliphatische oder cycloaliphatische Amine und Amin-Salze von organischen und anorganischen Säuren, z.B. öllösliche Alkylammoniumcarboxylate.
- II. Heterocyclische Verbindungen, z.B.:
Substituierte Imidazoline und Oxazoline.
- c) Phosphorhaltige Verbindungen, z.B.:
Aminsalze von Phosphorsäurepartialestern. - d) Schwefelhaltige Verbindungen, z.B.:
Barium-dinonylnaphthalin-sulfonate, Calciumpetroleum-sulfonate. - Polyacrylate, Polymethacrylate, Vinylpyrrolidon/Methacrylat-Copolymere, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, Polybutene, Olefin-Copolymere, Styrol/Acrylat-Copolymere, Polyether.
- Polymethacrylat, alkylierte Naphthalinderivate.
- Polybutenylbernsteinsäure-imide, Polybutenylphosphonsäurederivate, basische Magnesium-, Calcium-, und Bariumsulfonate und -phenolate.
- Schwefel und/oder Phosphor und/oder Halogen enthaltende Verbindungen, wie geschwefelte pflanzliche Oele, Zinkdialkyldithiophosphate, Tritolylphosphat, chlorierte Paraffine, Alkyl- und Aryldisulfide, Triphenylphosphorothionate, Diethanolaminomethyltolyltriazol und Di(2-isooctyl)aminomethyltolyltriazol.
- Die Erfindung umfasst auch die Verwendung von Mischungen von Verbindungen der Reihe B) als Antioxidant in Schmierstoffen und Hydraulikflüssigkeiten.
- Die erfindungsgemässen Zusätze sind ebenso wirksam in Schmiersystemen vorbeschriebener Art, die jedoch zusätzlich ein Co-Schmiersystem, enthaltend übliche Mengen an Festschmierstoffen, wie Graphit, Bornitrid, Molybdändisulfid oder Polytetrafluorethylen aufweisen.
- Die Verbindungen der Reihe A) und die Verbindungen der Reihe B) können in den angegebenen Mengenverhältnissen untereinander gemischt und die Mischung anschliessend in den angeführten Mengen dem Schmierstoff oder der Hydraulikflüssigkeit zugemischt werden. Es ist auch zweckmässig, die Verbindungen der Reihe A) und die Verbindungen der Reihe B) separat dem Schmierstoff oder der Hydraulikflüssigkeit beizumischen, wobei auch in diesem Falle die angegebenen Mengenverhältnisse sinngemäss eingehalten werden müssen. Auch die Herstellung von sogenannten Masterbatches ist möglich.
- Anhand der nachfolgenden Beispiele ist die Erfindung noch weiter erläutert.
- Alle Angaben in Teilen und in Prozenten beziehen sich, sofern nicht anders angegeben, aufs Gewicht.
-
- 106,1 g Benzaldehyd und 408,7 g Thioglykolsäure-2-äthylhexylester in 100 ml Toluol werden vorgelegt, 10 g Bleicherde (Tonsil L 80 S®) zugegeben und die graue Suspension am Wasserabscheider gekocht. Nach 45 Min. Kochen am Rückfluss spaltet sich Wasser ab und die Suspension verfärbt sich rosa. Nach 4 Stunden spalten sich ca. 17 ml Wasser (18 ml nach Theorie) ab. Den Ansatz lässt man auf ∼80°C abkühlen und die rosa gefärbte Suspension wird abgesaugt und mit wenig Toluol gewaschen. Das klare gold-gelbe Filtrat wird am Rotationsverdampfer bei ca. 20 Torr. eingengt und anschliessend bei 70°C am Hochvakuum 0,02 Torr getrocknet.
-
- 169,2 g Diphenylamin und 33,8 g aktive Tonerde (Fulcat® 22B von Laporte Industries) werden in ein mit Rührer und Temperaturfühler versehenes Reaktionsgefäss eingefüllt und auf 165°C erhitzt. Sobald das Gemisch genügend leichtflüssig ist, wird gerührt. Danach werden 196.4 g Diisobutylen nach und nach zudosiert, so dass die Temperatur des Reaktionsgemisches nicht unter 165°C absinkt. Die Zugabe dauert 5 Stunden bis zur Beendigung der Reaktion. Der Rückfluss beginnt sogleich nach Reaktionsbeginn. Das Heizen und Rühren wird bei 165°C weitergeführt, unter häufiger Probenahme, bis die Gas/Flüssigchromatographische Analyse einen Gehalt an 4,4′-Di-tert.-octyldiphenylamin von unter 25 Gew.-% ergibt (ohne Katalysator).
- Die Reaktionsmasse wird auf 60°C gekühlt und der Katalysator durch vakuumfiltration entfernt. Das Filtrat wird in eine Destillationsapparatur übergeführt und unter Heizen und Rühren wird der Druck auf 26 mbar reduziert.
- Während der Destillation lässt man die Aussentemperatur langsam auf 165°C steigen und hält sie über 2 Stunden konstant auf dieser Temperatur, während die Destillation zum Stillstand kommt. Es werden 300 g einer viskosen, dunklen Flüssigkeit vom Flammpunkt von 210°C erhalten.
- Die Flüssigkeit hat die ungefähre Zusammensetzung von 3,2 Gew.-% Diphenylamin, 13,2 Gew.-% 4-Tert-butyldiphenylamin, 25,3 Gew.-% von Verbindungen aus der Reihe 4-Tert-octyldiphenylamin, 4,4′-Di-tert-butylamin und 2,4,4′-Tris-tert-butylamin, 24,2 Gew.-% von Verbindungen aus der Reihe 4-tert-butyl-4′-tert-octyldiphenylamin, 2,2′- oder 2,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin und 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-4′tert-octyldiphenylamin und 18,2 Gew.-% 4,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin und 6,0 Gew.-% 2,4-Di-tert-octyl-4′-tert-butyldiphenylamin, sowie weitere Anteile an anderen höher alkylierten Diphenylaminen mit modifizierten Seitenketten und Polymeren.
- Die Thioketalverbindung nach a) und das Reaktionsgemisch nach b) werden in den aus Beispiel 4 ersichtlichen Mengen untereinander gemischt. Diese letzeren Gemische werden in einer Menge von 0,25 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Oel, einem Mineralöl des Types Mobil 15 SS4 zugemischt.
-
- a) Eine Thioketalkomponente der allgemeinen Formel
- b) Das 4,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin enthaltende Reaktionsgemisch wird nach Beispiel 1b) hergestellt.
- Die Thioketalverbindung nach a) und das Reaktionsgemisch nach b) werden in den aus Beispiel 4 ersichtlichen Mengen untereinander gemischt. Diese letzeren Gemische werden in einer Menge von 0,25 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Oel, einem Mineralöl des Types Mobil 15 SS4 zugemischt.
-
- a) Eine Thioketalkomponente der allgemeinen Formel
- b) Das 4,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin enthaltende Reaktionsgemisch wird nach Beispiel 1b) hergestellt.
- Die Verbindungen gemäss a) und das Reaktionsgemisch gemäss b) werden in den Mengenverhältnissen von a) zu b) von 9:1, 7:3, 1:1, 3:7 und 1:9 Gewichtsteilen zusammengegeben und zu entsprechenden Mischungen verarbeitet.
-
- Das zu testende Oel (Mobil 15 SS4) wird in Gegenwart von Wasser, Sauerstoff, einem Eisen-Kupferkatalysator und dem Stabilisator während 1000 Stunden auf 95°C erwärmt. Danach wird der Säurewert TAN (in mg KOH-verbrauch pro g Testöl) sowie der Schlamm (SLUDGE) (in mg Rückstand pro Ansatz) bestimmt. Die Resultate sind in Tabelle 1 zusammengestellt. Die Konzentration der Stabilisatorengemische beträgt 0,25 Gew.%, bezogen auf das Oel.
Tabelle 1 Beispiel 4 Stabilisator (insgesamt 0,25 Gew.-%) Mischung von 1000 Std. TOST Gew.-% gemäss Beispiel Gew.-% gemäss Beispiel TAN (mg KOH/g Oel) SLUDGE (mg) a) 30 1a) 70 1b) 0,21 61 b) 70 1a) 30 1b) 0,21 49 c) 10 2a) 90 2b) 0,35 22 d) 30 2a) 70 2b) 0,28 32 e) 50 2a) 50 2b) 0,26 71 f) ohne ohne > 2 > 1000 (Vergleich) - In nachfolgender Tabelle 2 sind die Messwerte aus dem TOST-Test für verschiedene Gemische von Verbindungen gemäss Beispiel 3 angeführt. Das Testverfahren und die Bedingungen sind oben angegeben, ausgenommen die Testdauer, die 500 Stunden beträgt und das Oel (Mineralöl BB).
Tabelle 2 Beispiel 4 Stabilisator (insgesamt 0,25 Gew.-%) Mischung von 500 Std. TOST Gew.-% gemäss Beispiel Gew.-% gemäss Beispiel TAN (mg KOH/g Oel) SLUDGE (mg) g) 10 3a) 90 3b) 0,24 58 h) 30 3a) 70 3b) 0,25 38 i) 50 3a) 50 3b) 0,11 14 k) 70 3a) 30 3b) 0,08 27 l) 90 3a) 10 3b) 0,08 87
Claims (18)
wobei s = 1 oder 2 und R⁵ gleich Alkyl mit 1 bis 24 C-Atomen ist, darstellen, und R⁴′ unsubstituiertes oder C₁-C₁₂-alkylsubstituiertes Alkylen mit 1 bis 18 C-Atomen bedeutet und Y gleich O oder S ist.
a) 1 bis 5 Gew.-% Diphenylamin
b) 8 bis 18 Gew.-% 4-Tert-butyldiphenylamin
c) 21 bis 31 Gew.-% einer oder mehrerer der Verbindungen
i) 4-Tert-octyldiphenylamin
ii) 4,4′-Di-tert-butyldiphenylamin
iii) 2,4,4′-Tris-tert-butyldiphenylamin
d) 20 bis 31 Gew.-% einer oder mehrerer der Verbindungen
i) 4-Tert-butyl-4′-tert-octyldiphenylamin
ii) 2,2′- oder 2,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin
iii) 2,4-Di-tert-butyl-4′tert-octyldiphenylamin
und
e) 15 bis 29 Gew.-% der Verbindungen
i) 4,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin
oder
i) 4,4′-Di-tert-octyldiphenylamin und
ii) 2,4-Di-tert-octyl-4′-tert-butyldiphenylamin,
darstellen.
wobei m = 1 und p = 1 ist oder m = 2 und p = 0 ist, und R⁴ die in Anspruch 1 angegebene Bedeutung hat.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH5055/87 | 1987-12-24 | ||
CH505587 | 1987-12-24 |
Publications (2)
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EP0323403A2 true EP0323403A2 (de) | 1989-07-05 |
EP0323403A3 EP0323403A3 (de) | 1989-10-11 |
Family
ID=4287208
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EP88810865A Withdrawn EP0323403A3 (de) | 1987-12-24 | 1988-12-15 | Schmierstoffzusammensetzung |
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US (1) | US4963276A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0323403A3 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH01203499A (de) |
Cited By (1)
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EP0346283A2 (de) * | 1988-06-09 | 1989-12-13 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Schmierölzusammensetzung |
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US5595963A (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 1997-01-21 | Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. | Synergistic antioxidant combinations for lubricating oils |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2333853A1 (fr) * | 1975-12-05 | 1977-07-01 | Lubrizol Corp | Lubrifiants et fluides fonctionnels contenant des nitriles polyfonctionnels |
DE2827253A1 (de) * | 1977-06-23 | 1979-01-04 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Acetal- bzw. thioacetal-derivate und deren verwendung als schmiermittelzusaetze |
EP0149422A2 (de) * | 1983-12-08 | 1985-07-24 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Antioxidans-Herstellung |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US3041284A (en) * | 1957-12-02 | 1962-06-26 | Shell Oil Co | Lubricating compositions |
US3944492A (en) * | 1966-04-07 | 1976-03-16 | Uniroyal, Inc. | Lubricant compositions containing N-substituted naphthylamines as antioxidants |
US4394279A (en) * | 1981-08-07 | 1983-07-19 | Chevron Research Company | Antioxidant combinations of sulfur containing molybdenum complexes and aromatic amine compounds for lubricating oils |
EP0162016B1 (de) * | 1984-05-15 | 1992-06-03 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Zusätze für Materialien |
US4704219A (en) * | 1985-07-05 | 1987-11-03 | The B. F. Goodrich Company | Novel composition of para-butylated and octylated, ortho-ethylated diphenylamines |
-
1988
- 1988-12-15 EP EP88810865A patent/EP0323403A3/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-12-15 US US07/284,568 patent/US4963276A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-12-24 JP JP63327512A patent/JPH01203499A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2333853A1 (fr) * | 1975-12-05 | 1977-07-01 | Lubrizol Corp | Lubrifiants et fluides fonctionnels contenant des nitriles polyfonctionnels |
DE2827253A1 (de) * | 1977-06-23 | 1979-01-04 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Acetal- bzw. thioacetal-derivate und deren verwendung als schmiermittelzusaetze |
EP0149422A2 (de) * | 1983-12-08 | 1985-07-24 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Antioxidans-Herstellung |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0346283A2 (de) * | 1988-06-09 | 1989-12-13 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Schmierölzusammensetzung |
EP0346283A3 (en) * | 1988-06-09 | 1990-03-28 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Lubricant composition |
US5091099A (en) * | 1988-06-09 | 1992-02-25 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Lubricating oil composition |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JPH01203499A (ja) | 1989-08-16 |
EP0323403A3 (de) | 1989-10-11 |
US4963276A (en) | 1990-10-16 |
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