Nothing Special   »   [go: up one dir, main page]

EP0377160B1 - Safety document including an electricity conductor safety element - Google Patents

Safety document including an electricity conductor safety element Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0377160B1
EP0377160B1 EP89123286A EP89123286A EP0377160B1 EP 0377160 B1 EP0377160 B1 EP 0377160B1 EP 89123286 A EP89123286 A EP 89123286A EP 89123286 A EP89123286 A EP 89123286A EP 0377160 B1 EP0377160 B1 EP 0377160B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
electrically conductive
security document
thread
security
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89123286A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0377160A1 (en
Inventor
Wittich Kaule
Wilhelm Ilgmann
Gerhard Schwenk
Gerhard Stenzel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GAO Gesellschaft fuer Automation und Organisation mbH
Original Assignee
GAO Gesellschaft fuer Automation und Organisation mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GAO Gesellschaft fuer Automation und Organisation mbH filed Critical GAO Gesellschaft fuer Automation und Organisation mbH
Publication of EP0377160A1 publication Critical patent/EP0377160A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0377160B1 publication Critical patent/EP0377160B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07D—HANDLING OF COINS OR VALUABLE PAPERS, e.g. TESTING, SORTING BY DENOMINATIONS, COUNTING, DISPENSING, CHANGING OR DEPOSITING
    • G07D7/00—Testing specially adapted to determine the identity or genuineness of valuable papers or for segregating those which are unacceptable, e.g. banknotes that are alien to a currency
    • G07D7/02—Testing electrical properties of the materials thereof
    • G07D7/023—Measuring conductivity by direct contact
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40—Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • D21H21/44—Latent security elements, i.e. detectable or becoming apparent only by use of special verification or tampering devices or methods
    • D21H21/48—Elements suited for physical verification, e.g. by irradiation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/90—Magnetic feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/916—Fraud or tamper detecting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24802—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24917—Discontinuous or differential coating, impregnation or bond [e.g., artwork, printing, retouched photograph, etc.] including metal layer
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31678—Of metal

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a security document with an embedded security element in the form of a thread or tape, consisting of a carrier film made of preferably plastic material and a metallic coating.
  • security threads It is known to protect security documents, in particular securities, banknotes, identity cards or the like, by embedding so-called security threads against unauthorized copying.
  • This embedding in the paper mass of a banknote represents a major obstacle for counterfeiters, since such embedding is only possible in the context of paper production, but not subsequently.
  • security threads are used which are characterized by special properties and which can be checked for authenticity by machine and / or visually in the embedded state.
  • a common test criterion is e.g. B. electrical conductivity.
  • CH-PS 472 081 it is e.g. B. known to provide banknotes with metal threads that can be checked for electrical conductivity or their behavior on X-rays.
  • these metal threads are relatively inflexible and break easily in daily use. The electrical conductivity can thus only be measured in partial areas, but no longer across the entire width of the banknotes.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a security document with a security thread embedded therein, which is the authenticity of the paper. co-determining, predetermined electrical conductivity, which is retained over the entire length of the thread even under tensile loads, such as occur when embedding in security papers.
  • the metallic coating with its particularly high electrical conductivity is supplemented by a second conductive layer.
  • This second layer does not have to reach the high conductivity values of the metallic layer, but it should maintain the electrical conductivity after stretching, bending or similar mechanical stress, so that such mechanical stresses on the carrier material and the metallic coatings do not immediately completely interrupt the electrical Create connection.
  • Suitable materials for this second electrically conductive layer are e.g. B. soot particles or other electrically conductive pigments, which in a plastic, a lacquer layer, a varnish or, as later in a special embodiment shown, can also be present in an adhesive layer.
  • This layer like the metallic layer, can be made extremely thin, so that the thread - without becoming too thick for embedding in paper - can be provided with further layers which can contain other substances serving for authenticity.
  • the thread is preferably constructed so that the metallic coating covers the electrically conductive, pigmented layer on the outside. Due to its reflective properties, this thread is not visible after it is embedded in paper and when viewed in incident light, since the scattered light penetrating through the paper layer is scattered back through the paper layer in the same way. The thread can therefore also be embedded without problems in the printed image area of the banknote without interfering with its appearance. The cracks, through which the dark pigmented layer underneath is theoretically visible, are so small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye. The thread can only be recognized as such in transmitted light.
  • two correspondingly thinner carrier films are used for the construction of the thread, which are coated on the inner surfaces of the finished thread with the metallic coating and the second electrically conductive layer. These two foils are then connected to each other by an adhesive layer and then - cut into threads - embedded in the document.
  • the metal layer, including the electrically conductive second layer, is adequately protected against mechanical loads by the outer plastic films.
  • this film strip does not tend to curl or shows any garland effect, which is extremely disruptive when processing the thread and in particular when it is embedded in the paper web.
  • a security thread 1 in cross section with a carrier film 2 made of a tear-resistant plastic, preferably polyester, which in the exemplary embodiment shown here is covered on both sides with electrically conductive, metallic layer materials 3 and 4.
  • These metallic layers are preferably vapor-deposited aluminum, nickel or chrome layers.
  • lacquer layers 5 and 6 respectively, which are coated with electrically conductive pigments, e.g. B. soot particles are offset. Due to the outer arrangement of the metal coatings 3 and 4 on both sides, the thread has reflective properties and in this form - completely embedded in paper - is only visible in transmitted light.
  • the carrier film can also be provided on one side only with a metal layer and the electrically conductive auxiliary layer.
  • FIG. 2 shows a special variant in which two carrier foils 7, 8 are used for thread production, the thickness of which is chosen to be correspondingly smaller. Both foils are provided on one side with a metallic coating 9, 10 in that the foils are vapor-coated with aluminum, nickel, chromium or another metal before their composition. Other processes for the metallization of plastic films can also be used here (hot stamping processes, sputtering, etc.).
  • This adhesive layer 11 also electrically connects the two metal coatings (9, 10) to one another, as a result of which interruptions in one metal layer, which have arisen, for example, due to defects in production, coating, etc., by the opposite one Metal coating and the electrical connection via the adhesive layer are compensated in an excellent manner, and such manufacturing defects only contribute to a reduction in the electrical conductivity, but not to a complete interruption of the electrical connection along the thread length.
  • the electrically conductive pigments can also be applied together with other pigments, which also serve to identify authenticity (magnetic pigments, etc.), in a separate lacquer layer in or on the thread.
  • the layers containing the feature substance are preferably enclosed in a symmetrical structure between two plastic films.
  • Such a structure is shown in Fig. 3, wherein the outer transparent plastic films 12, 13 can again consist of polyester. These polyester films are provided on their inner surfaces with a metal coating 14, 15 (aluminum, nickel, chromium, etc.), each of which is followed by a pigmented lacquer layer 16 or 17.
  • These pigmented lacquer layers contain e.g. B. magnetic pigments and soot particles.
  • the two carrier films coated in this way are connected to one another via a laminating adhesive layer 18.
  • electrically conductive foils can also be used come. Such films are such. B. plastic films that are either permeated with an electrically conductive pigment or already have electrically conductive properties due to their molecular structure. These foils are then only to be provided with the metallic coating in order to obtain the desired effect of the high electrical conductivity and the shiny metallic surface, through which the thread is only visible in transmitted light after being embedded in paper.
  • the security thread can additionally be printed or coated with a micro script or with luminescent substances, the outer plastic film, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, being particularly suitable for the subsequent application of a microprinted image because of its better printability compared to a metal coating Use of luminescent printing inks, if appropriate.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)

Abstract

A security document is equipped with a security element in the form of a thread or strip that is characterized by, among other things, the property of electrical conductivity. The security element is provided for this purpose with a metal coating associated with a second layer that is also electrically conductive but made of a material that maintains its electrical conductivity in spite of mechanical stress such as bending, stretching, etc. Breaks in the metal layer which might occur when the thread is being embedded in the security document or during daily use thus do not result in a complete interruption in the electrical connection, but are bridged by the second, electrically conductive layer.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Sicherheitsdokument mit eingebettetem Sicherheitselement in Form eines Fadens oder Bandes, bestehend aus einer Trägerfolie aus vorzugsweise Kunststoffmaterial und einer metallischen Beschichtung.The invention relates to a security document with an embedded security element in the form of a thread or tape, consisting of a carrier film made of preferably plastic material and a metallic coating.

Es ist bekannt, Sicherheitsdokumente, insbesondere Wertpapiere, Banknoten, Ausweiskarten oder dergleichen durch das Einbetten von sogenannten Sicherheitsfäden gegen unbefugte Nachahmung zu schützen. Diese Einbettung in die Papiermasse einer Banknote stellt für Fälscher ein großes Hindernis dar, da eine derartige Einbettung nur im Rahmen der Papierherstellung, nicht aber nachträglich möglich ist. Zusätzlich werden Sicherheitsfäden verwendet, die sich noch durch besondere Eigenschaften auszeichnen und die im eingebetteten Zustand maschinell und/oder visuell auf Echtheit geprüft werden können. Ein häufiges Prüfkriterium ist z. B. die elektrische Leitfähigkeit.It is known to protect security documents, in particular securities, banknotes, identity cards or the like, by embedding so-called security threads against unauthorized copying. This embedding in the paper mass of a banknote represents a major obstacle for counterfeiters, since such embedding is only possible in the context of paper production, but not subsequently. In addition, security threads are used which are characterized by special properties and which can be checked for authenticity by machine and / or visually in the embedded state. A common test criterion is e.g. B. electrical conductivity.

Aus der CH-PS 472 081 ist es z. B. bekannt, Banknoten mit Metallfäden zu versehen, die bezüglich der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit oder ihres Verhaltens auf Röntgenstrahlen prüfbar sind. Diese Metallfäden sind aber relativ unflexibel und brechen leicht im täglichen Gebrauch. Die elektrische Leitfähigkeit ist damit nur noch in Teilbereichen, aber nicht mehr über die gesamte Banknotenbreite meßbar.From CH-PS 472 081 it is e.g. B. known to provide banknotes with metal threads that can be checked for electrical conductivity or their behavior on X-rays. However, these metal threads are relatively inflexible and break easily in daily use. The electrical conductivity can thus only be measured in partial areas, but no longer across the entire width of the banknotes.

Es wurde daher darauf übergegangen, Kunstseidefäden oder Kunststoffolien mit einer Metallbeschichtung zu versehen und diese Folien in Streifenform in Banknotenpapier einzubetten (DE-PS 640 232, DE-PS 27 54 267). Dieser Faden zeichnet sich zwar durch eine hohe Flexibilität aus, doch ist in der Praxis festzustellen, daß die Metallbeschichtung sehr häufig Querrisse aufweist, die zu einer Unterbrechung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit führen, wodurch dieses Merkmal somit wiederum nicht als eindeutiges Echtheitsmerkmal herangezogen werden kann bzw. bei der späteren Prüfung hohe Rückweisungsraten zu erwarten sind.It has therefore been switched to providing artificial silk threads or plastic films with a metal coating and embedding these films in strip form in banknote paper (DE-PS 640 232, DE-PS 27 54 267). This thread is characterized by a high degree of flexibility, but in practice it should be noted that the metal coating very often has transverse cracks which lead to an interruption in the electrical conductivity, which in turn means that this feature cannot be used as a clear authenticity feature or for high rejection rates can be expected in the subsequent review.

Die Ursache für diese Querrisse ist vermutlich darin zu suchen, daß der Sicherheitsfaden bei seiner Einbettung in das Papier einer großen Zugbelastung unterworfen ist, wobei sich der Faden dehnt und mit dieser Dehnung die gegenüber dem Kunststoffmaterial starre Metallschicht unterbrochen wird.The reason for these transverse cracks is presumably to be found in the fact that the security thread is subjected to a great tensile load when it is embedded in the paper, the thread stretching and with this stretching the metal layer which is rigid with respect to the plastic material is interrupted.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Sicherheitsdokument mit einem darin eingebetteten Sicherheitsfaden zu schaffen, der eine die Echtheit des Papiers. mitbestimmende, vorgegebene elektrische Leitfähigkeit besitzt, die auch bei Zugbelastungen, wie sie bei der Einbettung in Sicherheitspapiere auftreten, über die gesamte Fadenlänge erhalten bleibt.The invention is therefore based on the object of creating a security document with a security thread embedded therein, which is the authenticity of the paper. co-determining, predetermined electrical conductivity, which is retained over the entire length of the thread even under tensile loads, such as occur when embedding in security papers.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Hauptanspruchs enthaltenen Merkmale gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the features contained in the characterizing part of the main claim. Advantageous further developments are the subject of the subclaims.

Der Kern der Erfindung ist darin zu sehen, daß die metallische Beschichtung mit ihrer besonders hohen elektrischen Leitfähigkeit durch eine zweite leitfähige Schicht ergänzt wird. Diese zweite Schicht muß zwar nicht die hohen Leitfähigkeitswerte der metallischen Schicht erreichen, sie soll aber nach einer Dehnung, Biegung oder ähnlichen mechanischen Belastung die elektrische Leitfähigkeit beibehalten, so daß derartige mechanische Belastungen auf das Trägermaterial und die metallischen Beschichtungen nicht unmittelbar eine vollständige Unterbrechung der elektrischen Verbindung bewirken. Geeignete Materialien für diese zweite elektrisch leitfähige Schicht sind z. B. Rußpartikel oder andere elektrisch leitfähige Pigmente, die in einem Kunststoff, einer Lackschicht, einem Firnis oder, wie später in einem besonderen Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigt, auch in einer Klebeschicht vorhanden sein können.The essence of the invention is to be seen in the fact that the metallic coating with its particularly high electrical conductivity is supplemented by a second conductive layer. This second layer does not have to reach the high conductivity values of the metallic layer, but it should maintain the electrical conductivity after stretching, bending or similar mechanical stress, so that such mechanical stresses on the carrier material and the metallic coatings do not immediately completely interrupt the electrical Create connection. Suitable materials for this second electrically conductive layer are e.g. B. soot particles or other electrically conductive pigments, which in a plastic, a lacquer layer, a varnish or, as later in a special embodiment shown, can also be present in an adhesive layer.

Da die in der metallischen Beschichtung entstandenen Risse äußerst schmal sind, müssen über die zweite leitfähige Schicht nur kurze Wege elektrisch überbrückt werden, so daß die Gesamtleitfähigkeit trotz des höheren Widerstands dieser Schicht nur unwesentlich reduziert wird. Es sind daher auch keine sehr hohen Pigment-Konzentrationen erforderlich, die die Verarbeitbarkeit der Lacke beeinträchtigen könnten.Since the cracks formed in the metallic coating are extremely narrow, only short distances have to be bridged electrically via the second conductive layer, so that the overall conductivity is only insignificantly reduced despite the higher resistance of this layer. It is therefore not necessary to have very high pigment concentrations that could impair the processability of the paints.

Diese Schicht kann ebenso wie die metallische Schicht extrem dünn ausgebildet sein, so daß der Faden - ohne für die Einbettung in Papier zu dick zu werden - noch mit weiteren Schichten versehen werden, die andere zur Echtheit dienende Substanzen enthalten können.This layer, like the metallic layer, can be made extremely thin, so that the thread - without becoming too thick for embedding in paper - can be provided with further layers which can contain other substances serving for authenticity.

Da Rußpigmente auch in geringeren Konzentrationen zu einer Verfärbung des Fadens führen, ist der Faden vorzugsweise so aufgebaut, daß die metallische Beschichtung die elektrisch leitfähige, pigmentierte Schicht nach außen abdeckt. Aufgrund seiner reflektierenden Eigenschaften ist dieser Faden nach seiner Einbettung in Papier und bei Betrachtung im Auflicht nicht sichtbar, da das durch die Papierschicht hindurchdringende Streulicht in gleicher Weise wieder durch die Papierschicht zurückgestreut wird. Der Faden kann daher auch problemlos in den Druckbildbereich der Banknote eingebettet werden, ohne sich störend auf dessen Aussehen auszuwirken. Die Risse, durch die theoretisch die darunterliegende dunkle pigmentierte Schicht sichtbar ist, sind so gering, daß sie mit dem freien Auge nicht auszumachen sind. Der Faden ist damit nur im Durchlicht als solcher erkennbar.Since carbon black pigments lead to discoloration of the thread even in lower concentrations, the thread is preferably constructed so that the metallic coating covers the electrically conductive, pigmented layer on the outside. Due to its reflective properties, this thread is not visible after it is embedded in paper and when viewed in incident light, since the scattered light penetrating through the paper layer is scattered back through the paper layer in the same way. The thread can therefore also be embedded without problems in the printed image area of the banknote without interfering with its appearance. The cracks, through which the dark pigmented layer underneath is theoretically visible, are so small that they cannot be seen with the naked eye. The thread can only be recognized as such in transmitted light.

Um die metallische Eigenschaft auch visuell sichtbar zu machen, ist es bekannt, den Faden auch so in das Papier einzubetten, daß er lokal an die Oberfläche tritt. Dies ist ein sehr auffälliges optisches Erkennungsmerkmal, das bei fotografischen oder elektrofotografischen Kopierversuchen nicht in der gleichen Weise reproduziert werden kann.In order to make the metallic property also visually visible, it is known to embed the thread in the paper in such a way that it appears locally on the surface. This is a very striking optical identification feature that cannot be reproduced in the same way in photographic or electrophotographic copying attempts.

In einer besonderen Ausführungsform werden für den Aufbau des Fadens statt einer Trägerfolie zwei entsprechend dünnere Trägerfolien verwendet, die auf den beim fertigen Faden innenliegenden Flächen mit der metallischen Beschichtung und der zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Schicht beschichtet sind. Diese beiden Folien werden dann durch eine Klebeschicht miteinander verbunden und anschließend - in Fäden geschnitten - in das Dokument eingebettet. Durch die äußeren Kunststoffolien ist die Metallschicht, also auch die elektrisch leitfähige zweite Schicht, ausreichend gegen mechanische Belastungen geschützt. Dieser Folienstreifen neigt zudem wegen seines symmetrischen Aufbaus nicht zur Rollneigung bzw. zeigt keinen Girlandeneffekt, der sich bei der Bearbeitung des Fadens und insbesondere bei der Einbettung in die Papierbahn äußerst störend auswirkt.In a special embodiment, instead of a carrier film, two correspondingly thinner carrier films are used for the construction of the thread, which are coated on the inner surfaces of the finished thread with the metallic coating and the second electrically conductive layer. These two foils are then connected to each other by an adhesive layer and then - cut into threads - embedded in the document. The metal layer, including the electrically conductive second layer, is adequately protected against mechanical loads by the outer plastic films. In addition, because of its symmetrical structure, this film strip does not tend to curl or shows any garland effect, which is extremely disruptive when processing the thread and in particular when it is embedded in the paper web.

Weitere Vorteile und vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen der Erfindung anhand von Figuren. Zur besseren Anschaulichkeit wurde auf eine maßstabsgetreue Darstellung verzichtet.Further advantages and advantageous developments are the subject of the description of preferred embodiments of the invention with reference to figures. For better clarity, a true-to-scale representation has been omitted.

Die Fig. zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Sicherheitsfaden im Querschnitt mit einschichtiger Trägerfolie,
Fig. 2 und 3
verschiedene Ausführungsformen zu Sicherheitsfäden mit doppelschichtiger Trägerfolie.
The figures show:
Fig. 1
a security thread in cross-section with a single-layer carrier film,
2 and 3
different embodiments of security threads with double-layer carrier film.

Die Fig. 1 zeigt einen Sicherheitsfaden 1 im Querschnitt mit einer Trägerfolie 2 aus einem reißfesten Kunststoff, vorzugsweise Polyester, die in dem hier gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel beidseitig mit elektrisch leitfähigen, metallischen Schichtmaterialien 3 und 4 überzogen ist. Diese metallischen Schichten sind vorzugsweise aufgedampfte Aluminium-, Nickel- oder Chromschichten. In direkter Nachbarschicht zu den metallischen Schichten befinden sich Lackschichten 5 bzw. 6, die mit elektrisch leitfähigen Pigmenten, z. B. Rußpartikeln, versetzt sind. Durch die beidseitige äußere Anordnung der Metallbeschichtungen 3 und 4 hat der Faden reflektierende Eigenschaften und ist in dieser Form - vollständig in Papier eingebettet - nur im Durchlicht sichtbar.1 shows a security thread 1 in cross section with a carrier film 2 made of a tear-resistant plastic, preferably polyester, which in the exemplary embodiment shown here is covered on both sides with electrically conductive, metallic layer materials 3 and 4. These metallic layers are preferably vapor-deposited aluminum, nickel or chrome layers. In the direct adjacent layer to the metallic layers there are lacquer layers 5 and 6, respectively, which are coated with electrically conductive pigments, e.g. B. soot particles are offset. Due to the outer arrangement of the metal coatings 3 and 4 on both sides, the thread has reflective properties and in this form - completely embedded in paper - is only visible in transmitted light.

In einfachen Ausführungen kann die Trägerfolie auch nur einseitig mit einer Metallschicht und der elektrisch leitfähigen Hilfsschicht versehen werden.In simple versions, the carrier film can also be provided on one side only with a metal layer and the electrically conductive auxiliary layer.

Die Fig. 2 zeigt eine besondere Variante, bei der für die Fadenherstellung zwei Trägerfolien 7, 8 verwendet werden, die in ihrer Dicke entsprechend geringer gewählt werden. Beide Folien sind auf einer Seite mit einer metallischen Beschichtung 9, 10 versehen, indem die Folien vor ihrer Zusammensetzung mit Aluminium, Nickel, Chrom oder einem anderen Metall bedampft werden. Auch andere Verfahren zur Metallisierung von Kunststoffolien können hier Anwendung finden (Heißprägeverfahren, Sputtern etc.).FIG. 2 shows a special variant in which two carrier foils 7, 8 are used for thread production, the thickness of which is chosen to be correspondingly smaller. Both foils are provided on one side with a metallic coating 9, 10 in that the foils are vapor-coated with aluminum, nickel, chromium or another metal before their composition. Other processes for the metallization of plastic films can also be used here (hot stamping processes, sputtering, etc.).

Eine oder auch beide metallbedampften Oberflächen werden wiederum mit einem Klebstoffschicht versehen, die Rußpigmente in Spuren enthält. Mit Hilfe dieses Klebstoffs (Heißkleber, Polimerisationskleber etc.) werden dann beide Folien fest miteinander verbunden und anschließend in die für die Verwendung als Sicherheitsfaden geeignete Dimension geschnitten. Der besondere Vorteil dieser Ausführungsform ist, daß dieser Klebstoffschicht 11 beide Metallbeschichtungen (9, 10 auch elektrisch miteinander verbindet, wodurch Unterbrechungen in der einen Metallschicht, die z. B. aufgrund von Fehlern bei der Fertigung, Beschichtung etc. entstanden sind, durch die gegenüberliegende Metallbeschichtung und der elektrischen Verbindung über die Klebstoffschicht in hervorragender Weise kompensiert. Derartige Fertigungsfehler tragen damit nur zur Verminderung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit bei, aber nicht zu einer völligen Unterbrechung der elektrischen Verbindung über die Fadenlänge.One or both metal-vapor-coated surfaces are in turn provided with an adhesive layer which contains traces of soot pigments. With the help of this glue (hot glue, polymerisation glue etc.) Both foils are firmly connected to one another and then cut into the dimension suitable for use as security thread. The particular advantage of this embodiment is that this adhesive layer 11 also electrically connects the two metal coatings (9, 10) to one another, as a result of which interruptions in one metal layer, which have arisen, for example, due to defects in production, coating, etc., by the opposite one Metal coating and the electrical connection via the adhesive layer are compensated in an excellent manner, and such manufacturing defects only contribute to a reduction in the electrical conductivity, but not to a complete interruption of the electrical connection along the thread length.

Die elektrisch leitfähigen Pigmente können aber auch zusammen mit anderen Pigmenten, die ebenfalls der Echtheitserkennung dienen (Magnetpigmente etc.), in einer separaten Lackschicht in oder auf den Faden aufgebracht werden. Vorzugsweise werden auch hier wieder die die Merkmalssubstanz enthaltenden Schichten in einem symmetrischen Aufbau zwischen zwei Kunststoffolien eingeschlossen. Ein derartiger Aufbau ist in Fig. 3 gezeigt, wobei die äußeren transparenten Kunststoffolien 12, 13 wieder aus Polyester bestehen können. Diese Polyesterfolien sind auf ihren innenliegenden Oberflächen mit einer Metallbeschichtung 14, 15 (Aluminium, Nickel, Chrom etc.) versehen, an die sich je eine pigmentierte Lackschicht 16 bzw. 17 anschließt. Diese pigmentierten Lackschichten enthalten z. B. Magnetpigmente sowie Rußpartikel. Die beiden so beschichteten Trägerfolien sind, wie in dem vorgenannten Beispiel bereits gezeigt, über eine Laminierklebstoffschicht 18 miteinander verbunden.However, the electrically conductive pigments can also be applied together with other pigments, which also serve to identify authenticity (magnetic pigments, etc.), in a separate lacquer layer in or on the thread. Here, too, the layers containing the feature substance are preferably enclosed in a symmetrical structure between two plastic films. Such a structure is shown in Fig. 3, wherein the outer transparent plastic films 12, 13 can again consist of polyester. These polyester films are provided on their inner surfaces with a metal coating 14, 15 (aluminum, nickel, chromium, etc.), each of which is followed by a pigmented lacquer layer 16 or 17. These pigmented lacquer layers contain e.g. B. magnetic pigments and soot particles. As already shown in the aforementioned example, the two carrier films coated in this way are connected to one another via a laminating adhesive layer 18.

Statt eine mit elektrisch leitfähigen Pigmenten versetzte Lackschicht oder Laminierklebeschicht zu verwenden, können auch elektrisch leitfähige Folien zur Anwendung kommen. Derartige Folien sind z. B. Kunststoffolien, die entweder mit einem elektrisch leitfähigen Pigment durchsetzt sind oder aufgrund ihrer Molekülstruktur bereits elektrisch leitfähige Eigenschaften besitzen. Diese Folien sind dann nur noch mit der metallischen Beschichtung zu versehen, um den gewünschten Effekt der hohen elektrischen Leitfähigkeit und der metallisch glänzenden Oberfläche zu erhalten, durch die der Faden nach Einbettung in Papier nur im Durchlicht sichtbar ist.Instead of using a lacquer layer or laminating adhesive layer mixed with electrically conductive pigments, electrically conductive foils can also be used come. Such films are such. B. plastic films that are either permeated with an electrically conductive pigment or already have electrically conductive properties due to their molecular structure. These foils are then only to be provided with the metallic coating in order to obtain the desired effect of the high electrical conductivity and the shiny metallic surface, through which the thread is only visible in transmitted light after being embedded in paper.

Der Sicherheitsfaden kann bei Bedarf zusätzlich noch mit einer Mikroschrift oder mit lumineszierenden Substanzen bedruckt oder beschichtet sein, wobei sich die äußere Kunststoffolie, wie in den Fig. 2 und 3 gezeigt, wegen ihrer besseren Bedruckbarkeit gegenüber einer Metallbeschichtung besonders für die nachträgliche Aufbringung eines Mikrodruckbildes unter Verwendung gegebenenfalls auch lumineszierender Druckfarben eignet.If required, the security thread can additionally be printed or coated with a micro script or with luminescent substances, the outer plastic film, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, being particularly suitable for the subsequent application of a microprinted image because of its better printability compared to a metal coating Use of luminescent printing inks, if appropriate.

Claims (14)

  1. A security document having an embedded security element (1) in the form of a thread or strip comprising a carrier sheet (2), preferably made of plastic material, and a metal coating (3, 4), characterized in that the metal coating (3, 4) has directly adjacent a layer (5, 6) which contains electrically conductive pigments or is made of electrically conductive plastic and which maintains the electrical connection between the separate metal layer areas in case of breakage of the metal layer.
  2. The security document of claim 1, characterized in that the carrier sheet (2) is a polyester sheet.
  3. The security document of claim 1, characterized in that the carrier sheet (2) forms the adjacent layer and is an electrically conductive plastic sheet.
  4. The security document of one or more of the above claims, characterized in that the electrically conductive pigments are soot particles.
  5. The security document of one or more of the above claims, characterized in that the electrically conductive pigments are contained in a layer of varnish (5, 6, 16, 17).
  6. The security document of claim 5, characterized in that the layer of varnish (5, 6, 16, 17) contains other pigments allowing for machine detection of authenticity.
  7. The security document of claim 6, characterized in that the layer of varnish (5, 6, 16, 17) contains magnetic pigments.
  8. The security document of one or more of the above claims, characterized in that security element (1) has a symmetric structure.
  9. The security document of claim 8, characterized in that the security element (1) is composed of two plastic sheets (7, 8, 12, 13) interconnected by an adhesive layer (11, 18).
  10. The security document of claim 9, characterized in that the sheets (7, 8, 12, 13) are provided with the metal coating (9, 10, 14, 15) on their inside surfaces.
  11. The security document of claim 9, characterized in that the adhesive layer (11) contains electrically conductive pigments.
  12. A security element (1) in the form of a thread or strip comprising a carrier sheet (2), preferably made of plastic material, and a metal coating (3, 4), to be incorporated in a security document, characterized in that the metal coating (3, 4) has directly adjacent a layer (5, 6) which contains electrically conductive pigments or is made of electrically conductive plastic and which maintains the electrical connection between the separate metal layer areas in case of breakage of the metal layer.
  13. A method for producing a security document having an embedded security element (1) in the form of a thread or strip comprising a carrier sheet (2), preferably made of plastic material, and a metal coating, characterized in that the metal coating (3, 4) has directly adjacent a layer (5, 6) which contains electrically conductive pigments or is made of electrically conductive plastic, and which maintains the electrical connection between the separate metal layers in case of breakage of the metal layer.
  14. A method for producing a security element (1) in the form of a thread or strip comprising a carrier sheet (2), preferably made of plastic material, and a metal coating (3, 4) which can be embedded in a security document, characterized in that the metal coating (3, 4) has directly adjacent a layer (5, 6) which contains electrically conductive pigments or is made of electrically conductive plastic, and which maintains the electrical connection between the separate metal layer areas in case of breakage of the metal layer.
EP89123286A 1988-12-21 1989-12-15 Safety document including an electricity conductor safety element Expired - Lifetime EP0377160B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3843075A DE3843075C2 (en) 1988-12-21 1988-12-21 Security document with an electrically conductive security element embedded in it
DE3843075 1989-12-21

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0377160A1 EP0377160A1 (en) 1990-07-11
EP0377160B1 true EP0377160B1 (en) 1994-08-03

Family

ID=6369746

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89123286A Expired - Lifetime EP0377160B1 (en) 1988-12-21 1989-12-15 Safety document including an electricity conductor safety element

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5112672A (en)
EP (1) EP0377160B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE109578T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3843075C2 (en)
ES (1) ES2057083T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3843077A1 (en) * 1988-12-21 1990-06-28 Gao Ges Automation Org SECURITY ELEMENT IN THE FORM OF STRINGS OR TAPES FOR EMBEDDING IN SECURITY DOCUMENTS, AND METHODS FOR THE PRODUCTION AND TESTING THEREOF
DE4041025C2 (en) * 1990-12-20 2003-04-17 Gao Ges Automation Org Magnetic, metallic security thread with negative writing
AT403967B (en) * 1992-11-18 1998-07-27 Oesterr Nationalbank DOCUMENT AND FILM STRUCTURE FOR PRODUCING A DOCUMENT
US5449200A (en) * 1993-06-08 1995-09-12 Domtar, Inc. Security paper with color mark
US5475205A (en) * 1994-06-22 1995-12-12 Scientific Games Inc. Document verification system
US5471039A (en) * 1994-06-22 1995-11-28 Panda Eng. Inc. Electronic validation machine for documents
US5599046A (en) * 1994-06-22 1997-02-04 Scientific Games Inc. Lottery ticket structure with circuit elements
IT1275558B (en) * 1995-07-14 1997-08-07 Mantegazza A Arti Grafici SAFETY SHEET IN PARTICULAR OF THE INCORPORATING TYPE A CONDUCTIVE ELEMENT OF ELECTRICITY
DE19718916A1 (en) * 1997-04-25 1998-10-29 Whd Elektron Prueftech Gmbh Application and method for checking documents with diffractive optical security layers
US5961152A (en) * 1997-05-29 1999-10-05 The Standard Register Company Security paper having an embedded and deformed security thread and a process for making the security paper
US5944927A (en) * 1997-05-29 1999-08-31 The Standard Register Company Security paper having an embedded security thread and a process for making the security paper
FR2771111B1 (en) * 1997-11-20 1999-12-17 Arjo Wiggins Sa SAFETY DOCUMENT COMPRISING MAGNETIC PARTICLES
US6930606B2 (en) * 1997-12-02 2005-08-16 Crane & Co., Inc. Security device having multiple security detection features
UA52804C2 (en) 1997-12-02 2003-01-15 Текнікал Графікс Сек'Юріті Продактс, Ллс Device for protecting documents by using magnetic and metallic protective elements (variants); method for producing the protection device (variants); method for identifying documents
NL1008929C2 (en) * 1998-04-20 1999-10-21 Vhp Ugchelen Bv Substrate made of paper provided with an integrated circuit.
US6031457A (en) * 1998-06-09 2000-02-29 Flex Products, Inc. Conductive security article and method of manufacture
US6118377A (en) * 1998-06-09 2000-09-12 Flex Products, Inc. Conductive security article with detector apparatus
DE19915440A1 (en) * 1998-06-16 2000-09-28 Whd Elektron Prueftech Gmbh Security marking for document and banknote paper
PL344862A1 (en) * 1998-06-16 2001-11-19 Whd Elektron Prueftech Gmbh Marking substances and security markings, method for integrating these into the pulp line and method for testing the same
DE19928060A1 (en) * 1999-06-15 2000-12-21 Whd Elektron Prueftech Gmbh Optically variable security feature and process for its manufacture
LU90424B1 (en) * 1999-07-30 2006-06-08 Cabinet Erman S A R L Manufacturing process of security markers and safety markers
WO2001026060A2 (en) 1999-10-07 2001-04-12 Technical Graphics Security Products, Llc Security device with foil camouflaged magnetic regions and methods of making same
KR100407247B1 (en) * 2000-12-29 2003-11-28 한국조폐공사 A process for the preparation of an improved security thread, and the security paper including the security thread
US6805926B2 (en) * 2001-02-23 2004-10-19 Technical Graphics Security Products, Llc Security label having security element and method of making same
DE10111850C2 (en) * 2001-03-01 2003-07-17 Whd Elektron Prueftech Gmbh safety device
DE10111847A1 (en) * 2001-03-01 2002-09-12 Whd Elektron Prueftech Gmbh security features
JP4813691B2 (en) * 2001-06-06 2011-11-09 シチズン電子株式会社 Light emitting diode
DE10131153A1 (en) * 2001-06-28 2003-01-16 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh security element
AT500871B1 (en) * 2003-06-17 2007-03-15 Hueck Folien Gmbh SAFETY ELEMENTS WITH VISUALLY RECOGNIZABLE AND MACHINE READABLE FEATURES
EP1500521A3 (en) * 2003-07-22 2010-10-13 Hueck Folien Ges.m.b.H Security elements with machine readable features and colour effects
US7243951B2 (en) * 2003-08-19 2007-07-17 Technical Graphics, Inc. Durable security devices and security articles employing such devices
CN100342081C (en) * 2004-06-30 2007-10-10 中国印钞造币总公司 Safety line for increasing paper safety
DE102016015559A1 (en) * 2016-12-27 2018-06-28 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Method and device for detecting a security thread in a value document
CN109835084B (en) * 2017-11-27 2021-07-16 吴宁飞 Application of novel anti-counterfeiting material in anti-counterfeiting payment, currency anti-counterfeiting, bank card and the like

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB440421A (en) * 1934-06-23 1935-12-23 Stanley Beaumont Chamberlain Improvements in or relating to the manufacture of security documents such as bank-notes or paper therefor
CH472081A (en) * 1967-04-04 1969-04-30 Tschopp Peter Vending machine, ticket machine or money changing machine
GB1585533A (en) * 1976-12-07 1981-03-04 Portals Ltd Security papers
US4231593A (en) * 1978-02-21 1980-11-04 Centurion Data Corporation Check with electrically conductive layer
AT362658B (en) * 1978-03-15 1981-06-10 Oesterr Nationalbank PAPER, METHOD FOR TESTING PAPERS AND DEVICE FOR CARRYING OUT THE TEST METHOD
DE3446861A1 (en) * 1984-12-21 1986-07-10 GAO Gesellschaft für Automation und Organisation mbH, 8000 München SECURITY DOCUMENT WITH THE SECURITY THREAD STORED IN IT AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION AND AUTHENTICITY TESTING OF THE SECURITY DOCUMENT

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2057083T3 (en) 1994-10-16
EP0377160A1 (en) 1990-07-11
US5112672A (en) 1992-05-12
DE3843075A1 (en) 1990-07-05
DE58908147D1 (en) 1994-09-08
ATE109578T1 (en) 1994-08-15
DE3843075C2 (en) 2003-08-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0377160B1 (en) Safety document including an electricity conductor safety element
EP0426801B1 (en) Security document with embedded security element with visually and mechanically verifiable distinguishing signs
EP0961996B9 (en) Security device
EP0723501B2 (en) Security document with window
DE69108932T2 (en) SECURITY ITEM.
EP0374763B1 (en) Security elements in the form of threads or strips to be embedded in security documents, and method of producing and testing same
EP0516790B1 (en) Magnetic metallic security thread with negative inscription
EP0998396B2 (en) Safety document
DE69719052T2 (en) BANKNOTES WITH SECURITY FEATURE AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
EP1458575B1 (en) Security element for security papers and valuable documents
DE60308813T2 (en) METHOD OF MANUFACTURING SUBSTRATES, Substrates and Security Documents Produced Thereby
EP0659936B1 (en) Security paper with thread- or tape-like security element
EP0748896B1 (en) Security document and process for production thereof
DE69818812T2 (en) SECURITY ELEMENT FOR SECURITY PAPER
DE4334848C1 (en) Security with window
EP0037507B1 (en) Identity card or document with integrated security thread
DE102006023084A1 (en) Value document with security element
DE69208945T2 (en) Safety sheet
DE69903167T2 (en) SECURITY DOCUMENTS AND SUBSTRATES THEREFOR
EP1887134B1 (en) Safety paper with transparent area
EP1547807B1 (en) Security element having a diffraction structure and method of manufacturing said element
DE102009056462A1 (en) Look-safety feature

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19901210

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930712

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 109578

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19940815

Kind code of ref document: T

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

Effective date: 19940804

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 58908147

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940908

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2057083

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
ET Fr: translation filed
EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 89123286.0

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 19980119

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19981215

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20071213

Year of fee payment: 19

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20071220

Year of fee payment: 19

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20071219

Year of fee payment: 19

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20071220

Year of fee payment: 19

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20071224

Year of fee payment: 19

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20071219

Year of fee payment: 19

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20071220

Year of fee payment: 19

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20071220

Year of fee payment: 19

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20080227

Year of fee payment: 19

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20071214

Year of fee payment: 19

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: G.- FUR AUTOMATION UND ORGANISATION M.B.H. *GAO

Effective date: 20081231

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20081215

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081215

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20090701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081231

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20090831

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081231

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090701

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081231

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20090701

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081215

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20081216

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081231

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081216

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081216

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081215