EP0202552B1 - Tridimensional unit made of mesh panels - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Space element for the construction of noise preventive walls in roads carrying traffic and industrial premises and also for reinforcing slopes and laying out spaces, which is filled with earth, with stones and/or other materials and planted and also connected with other similar elements, comprising a latticework basket (2, 3, 4) open at the top and bottom of latticework mats (8, 9) assembled from interconnected vertical and horizontal rods (11, 12, 13, 10, 19, 20), characterised in that, the vertical rods (11, 12, 13) extend to above and below the horizontal rods (10, 19, 20), both being made of steel or plastic, on both long sides of the latticework mats (8, 8', 9, 9') which are rectangular in plan, that the horizontal rods (10, 19, 20) form pivots with the vertical rods (11, 12, 13) at the corners (23) of the latticework basket (2, 3, 4), that at the corners (23) horizontally extending diagonal stiffening rods (16) provided with eyes are arranged on the vertical rods of a latticework mat (9, 8) forming one short side and one forming a long side and that vertical rods (13) arranged at the corners (23) have connecting eyes (3) or other such articulation.

Description

The invention relates to a space element for the erection of noise barriers on highways and industrial plants and for slope fastening and interior design, which is filled with soil, with stones and / or other materials and planted and connected to other similar elements, consisting of a open top and bottom, mesh basket composed of mesh with interconnected vertical and horizontal bars.

So-called noise barriers are being built on busy roads as part of environmental protection efforts in living areas. The same applies to living areas that are close to industrial plants and that are protected against the noise generated by industrial plants by means of appropriate protective walls. The simplest type of such a protective wall is that of a correspondingly high earth wall, which is built parallel to the longitudinal axis of the road or of the noise generator. Often these earth walls are planted afterwards, which provides additional sound shielding. In addition, the roots of the planting serve to secure the earth wall. The disadvantage is that such earth walls require a relatively wide strip next to the roadway due to their wide base. Especially in the living areas, the necessary space for such earth walls is often not available at all, which is why a whole series of different constructions have been developed, all of which are more or less based on the fact that with the help of load-bearing walls a construction is created, the section-like container-like rooms creates. Earth is then filled into these rooms and the entire wall is then planted. Apart from the fact that such constructions can usually only take the necessary forces from precast concrete with the appropriate height of the protective wall and are therefore very expensive to manufacture, it cannot be avoided that the earth in the relatively small, especially in the drier and warm summer months Containers dry out, so that the planting dies.

Such elements are known from DE-U-7 705 157, DE-U-7 638 926 and AT-B-362 308. Numerous proposals deal with stone baskets (FR-A-1 291 730). The baskets are composed of individual mesh mats. They are connected by rods which are inserted into eyelets formed at the ends of the rods. To hold the stones together, such a basket has side walls, a lid and a base. It is not possible to nest several baskets and it is not necessary because of the weight of the stones.

More recently, attempts have also been made to produce a kind of eco-noise barrier (EP-A-0 130178), which consists of a tubular construction made of wire mats, open at the top and bottom, which is held by garbage-sewage sludge compost or similar material . This compost provides the breeding ground for the desired planting, such a wall having the advantage of also solving landfill problems for such compost. However, it is disadvantageous that such noise barriers can only have a low height of approximately 2 m and require a base holding the tubular structures. This means that they only have a limited area of application, and they can only withstand the wind forces that arise when additional foundation work is carried out. Another disadvantage is that such a noise barrier requires a separate and expensive transport, especially since the compost should be filled in if possible in the manufacturing plant, so that the manufacturing costs are sometimes considerably high.

The invention has for its object to provide a transport and assembly friendly, variable and to be connected with other shear stable room element, with the help of a stable noise barrier or a stable protective wall can be built.

The object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of claim 1, namely in that the vertical rods protrude above and below the horizontal rods, which are both made of steel or plastic, on both longitudinal sides of the grid mats which are rectangular in plan view, that the horizontal rods form joints with the vertical bars at the corners of the lattice basket, that at the corners horizontally extending eyelet diagonal bracing bars are placed on vertical bars of a short side and a lattice mat forming a long side and that vertical bars arranged at the corners have connecting hooks or ends that can be bent to form such .

Such a space element is advantageously easy to transport due to the selected construction and can be installed at the installation site of the protective wall without great effort. The individual mesh baskets, which are open at the top and bottom, are simply unfolded, stacked and placed next to each other, initially only stabilized by the diagonal bracing bars and connected in the vertical direction with connecting hooks to the mesh basket placed underneath or above them, and then filled with earth after each completed position and slightly compressed, so that the grid basket as such represents an advantageous reinforcement that enables the creation of a fairly steep and therefore space-saving protective wall. It is harmless if the soil material once filled into such a mesh basket that is open at the top and bottom occurring rain or other erosion is partially carried out, because it is caught and stopped by the grid baskets below and offset to it. In addition, practically the entire outer surface of a protective wall made from such lattice baskets is available for planting, so that an overall tight protective roof, which in turn stabilizes the protective wall, is achieved. The core of such lattice baskets made of earth is easily accessible for moisture, so that drying out and dying of the plants is excluded. Since the vertical bars protrude above the horizontal bars, ie beyond the edge horizontal bars, sufficient stiffening results when such lattice baskets are placed on top of one another, with the individual baskets being able to be arranged vertically one above the other and also offset from one another. Additional stiffening can be achieved by connecting the superimposed horizontal bars with clamps or wire or by bending the protruding wires, so that an intensive connection is also provided here. The possible variations are very diverse and it is possible to build not only completely uniform protective walls, but also protruding, recessed and arched protective walls. In addition to the favorable transport conditions and the low manufacturing costs, the subject of the invention is also characterized in that, by dispensing with a base, a connection to the natural soil remains, both the supply of the protective wall with water from below as well as with the bacteria and with animals such as Worms ensures. After the protective wall has been erected, the result is a homogeneous whole that is fully integrated into the landscape and the landscape in every respect.

In addition, it is expedient to arrange connecting rods between the vertical rods of the grid mat in addition to the diagonal bracing bars in the area of the greatest load on the grid mats forming the long sides. As a result, bulging of these lattice mats forming the long sides is prevented without great effort, the connecting rods also being able to be attached at various points over the height.

A simple and expedient design of the mesh baskets in an articulated design is created according to the invention in that the horizontal bars of the short mats of the short sides of the lattice mats forming the rectangular plan in the top view are formed at the end to the final vertical bar of the long mats forming the long mats. The bending of such web ends is much easier than the assignment of separate articulated individual components to such baskets. Thanks to the simple, articulated design, the entire mesh baskets can be prepared in the manufacturing plant to such an extent that they only have to be set up and locked in place.

In order to prevent vertical displacement of the opposing lattice mats forming the short sides of the rectangular lattice basket in the joints in a simple manner, the bottom horizontal bar of the lattice mats lying opposite one another forming the short sides of the rectangular lattice basket is in each case different from the other horizontal bars at the end below, formed bent under the bottom horizontal bar of the mat forming the long side. In this simple manner, despite the necessary articulation of the grid mats with respect to one another, a high stability is provided when the grid basket is set up, and displacement or sliding is prevented.

The manufacturing costs are limited in that practically only mesh baskets with the same dimensions are used. Since they can be arranged vertically one above the other and once offset in relation to one another in a wide variety of ways, and an arrangement rotated by 90 ° is also possible, there is an enormous variety of designs of such a protective barrier even with only one size. It is particularly useful to have mesh mats of 100 x 70 or 150 x 70 cm and mesh mats of 50 x 70 cm combined to form mesh baskets. These rectangular structures enable a domino-like arrangement in the vertical and horizontal directions and thereby an advantageous stability of the entire protective wall. By means of two grid baskets of different lengths, three grid baskets, for example, can then be placed at right angles to a grid basket underneath, which further increases the diversity of the overall system.

To further stabilize the overall system, it is provided that the individual lattice baskets have coupling rods projecting laterally over the lattice mats, which can be connected to coupling rods of adjacent lattice baskets, or that such coupling rods can subsequently be connected to coupling parts provided there. The simplest design is to provide locking plates at the ends of the coupling rods, which fix the coupling rod to the outer or inner mesh mat of the two adjacent mesh baskets, so that the distance between the adjacent mesh baskets is thereby predetermined. So it is possible to connect lattice baskets to each other, which are arranged on the outside of an earth wall at a distance from each other and in which the The space is simply filled with soil.

According to a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the lattice mats consist of horizontal and vertical bars welded together at the interfaces, the shorter vertical bars preferably being arranged on the inside of the lattice basket after assembly. Such a wire mesh mat can be produced relatively inexpensively using existing devices, which can in principle be the welding mesh mat also referred to as construction mat. These must then be joined together to form mesh baskets by cutting or bending the ends of the horizontal bars.

Particularly in countries in which heavy rain or severe weather can be expected, erosion protection measures on protective walls constructed according to the invention can be increased by assigning erosion protection mats to the mesh mats, which are clipped onto the vertical bars and / or horizontal bars for this purpose. In this way, the erosion can be specifically prevented or also directed to areas where it is advantageous for the solidification of the entire protective wall.

The grid baskets are to be used according to the invention for the erection of protective walls of practically any size. In addition, they can also be used for slope mounting or interior design. Finally, it is also conceivable to use these lattice baskets, in particular if they are provided with a bottom, for humus formation, one of the lattice mats advantageously being detachably connected to the adjacent lattice mat for emptying such lattice baskets, so that emptying can take place in the manner of a container .

To connect adjacent and closely spaced lattice baskets, it is expedient to assign the vertical bars, preferably the vertical bars arranged at the corners, to pivotally arranged connecting clamps or wire rings. Advantageously, these connection clamps can also be used to connect the grid mats of a folded grid basket to one another for easy transportation. The connecting clamps can then be used as intended for connecting lattice baskets which are set up next to one another and filled with earth or other materials.

The invention is characterized in particular by the fact that a spatial element is created that can be used very variably, both for noise barriers and for other purposes. This room element is particularly characterized by a low price and high ease of transport and installation. The builder of such a protective wall is given the opportunity to optimally adapt the protective wall to the existing conditions without extensive construction work. This adaptation relates both to the height of such a protective wall and to its overall shape. The mesh baskets can be placed vertically on top of each other or form a staggered wall, whereby there is always enough planting space due to the large open area. Apart from that, such a protective wall has a high stability and an advantageous integration into the subsurface or to the subsurface, so that an overall homogeneous system results. Drying out the core of the earth needed for planting is made so much more difficult simply by the connection to the subsoil that it can be regarded as excluded.

• Fig. 1 einen Schutzwall im Schnitt,
• Fig. 2 einen Gitterkorb in Einbaustellung in Draufsicht,
• Fig. 3 den Gitterkorb nach Fig. 2 in Transportstellung,
• Fig. 4 einen Gitterkorb in Seitenansicht,
• Fig. 5 einen Gitterkorb in Vorkopfansicht,
• Fig. 6 den Eckbereich eines Gitterkorbes in Teilansicht,
• Fig. 7 den in Fig. 1 wiedergegebenen Schutzwall in Draufsicht,
• Fig. 8 zwei ineinandergestapelte Gitterkörbe in senkrechter Anordnung und
• Fig. 9 zwei ineinandergestapelte Gitterkörbe in versetzter Anordnung.

Further details and advantages of the subject matter of the invention emerge from the following description of the accompanying drawing, in which a preferred exemplary embodiment is shown with the details and individual parts required for this. Show it:

• 1 is a protective wall in section,
• 2 is a top view of a mesh basket in the installed position,
• 3 shows the mesh basket according to FIG. 2 in the transport position,
• 4 is a side view of a mesh basket,
• 5 shows a mesh basket in front view,
• 6 the corner area of a mesh basket in partial view,
• 7 is a top view of the protective barrier shown in FIG. 1,
• Fig. 8 two stacked mesh baskets in a vertical arrangement and
• Fig. 9 two stacked mesh baskets in a staggered arrangement.

The reproduction of a protective wall (1) selected in FIG. 1 clearly shows the steep walls with which such a protective wall can be formed if it is composed of the lattice baskets (2, 3, 4) according to the invention. Soil (5) is filled in between these individual mesh baskets (2, 3, 4), it becoming clear that these individual mesh baskets (2, 3, 4) form an advantageous reinforcement of the entire wall, since they also have the same in their interior Take up soil (5). The outer wall given in this way can advantageously be used for the planting (6), a step-like wall, possibly also a very steep wall, depending on how the individual mesh baskets (2, 3, 4) are stacked on top of one another.

Such a lattice basket (2) or (3) or (4) is composed of longer lattice mats (8) and shorter lattice mats (9), these being horizontal bars (10, 10 ') and vertical bars (11, 12, 13), which are welded together.

At the ends of the horizontal bars (10) of the grid mat (9) arches (14, 15) are provided, which are preferably achieved by bending the horizontal bars (10) inwards. In this way, a fully effective joint (24) is formed in the region of the corner (23) in an advantageous and simple manner.

In addition, the corners (23) are stabilized by diagonal bracing bars (16), these being provided at opposite corners (23, 23 '), but ultimately can be attached to all four corners. These diagonal bracing bars (16) are pushed or placed on the vertical bars (11, 12, 13) and can thus be arranged at the production site with little effort. It is also conceivable that they are only fixed on one side and are transported as such with the respective mesh mat, in order then to be finally assembled as a diagonal brace after setting up the mesh basket (2, 3, 4). In order to prevent the mesh mat (8) forming the long sides of the mesh baskets (2, 3, 4) from bulging, a connecting rod (17) is additionally provided, which, as can be seen from FIGS. 2, 4 and 5, is simply hung in the horizontal connecting rods becomes.

2 shows the mesh basket (2, 3, 4) in the extended position, FIG. 3 shows it in the folded state, the mesh mat (8) lying closely on the mesh mat (8 ') or the wire mesh mat (8, 9 ) lie close together.

Fig. 4 shows a side view of a mesh basket (2, 3, 4), it being clear that the diagonal bracing bars (16) rest on the edge of the horizontal bar (19).

The bottom horizontal bar (25) is bent at the end, as shown in FIG. 5, so that the joint formed by it lies below the edge horizontal bar (20), while the other joints rest on the horizontal bars. Moving the grid mat (9) in the grid mat (8) is thus prevented in a simple manner. The edge (21) of the mat is thus also stabilized and fixed in a simple manner. A joint (24) formed between the grid mats (8, 9) is shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 6. For this purpose, the horizontal bar (10) is bent in such a way that it encompasses the end vertical bar (13) and thereby forms the joint (24) mentioned.

Fig. 7 illustrates the versatility of the individual mesh baskets (2, 3, 4) being joined and joined together to achieve a protective wall (1). Here, the base-forming mesh baskets are initially arranged, to which they are then at right angles and thus at the same time perpendicular to the axis of the protective wall (1) two lattice baskets resulting in a triple carare are placed. Further baskets are then placed on these, again at right angles to the lattice baskets underneath, whereupon another karee is placed, which is finally closed off by a row of lattice baskets running in the longitudinal axis of the protective wall (1). The situation shown in FIG. 7 shows such a fully assembled protective wall against the introduction or pouring of the soil. Such training is advantageous, for example, if the protective wall is constructed entirely of sand and only then is quasi an end-layer topsoil applied. The sand penetrates through the constructions formed by the lattice baskets (2, 3, 4) and enables the formation of a dam, which can be seen in FIG. 1, which is then filled or closed with topsoil and finally receives planting. For further stabilization, coupling rods (32, 33) are provided, which are also shown in FIG. 1.

In Fig. 1, a protective wall (1) is shown, which is composed of different mesh baskets (2, 3,4), soil (5) being filled into the mesh baskets. In order to additionally prevent the occurrence of erosion, erosion protection mats (30) can be hung on the inside (29) of the individual mesh mats (8, 9, 8 ', 9'). Appropriately, these have eyelets that are simply pushed onto the protruding ends of the vertical bars (11, 12, 13).

While the grating baskets (2, 3, 4) arranged at a distance from one another can be connected as described above via coupling rods (32, 33), connecting clamps (34) are provided for connecting grating baskets which are close together and are indicated in FIG. 3. 3 shows that these connection clamps (34) can preferably also be used to fix the folded baskets (2, 3, 4) for transport.

FIGS. 8 and 9 illustrate the possibility of placing the individual grid baskets (2, 3, 4) one inside the other or stacking them, FIG. 8 showing a vertical stacking and FIG. 9 an offset stacking in the vertical direction. Since the lattice baskets (2,3,4) are open at the top and here also at the bottom, the soil can be filled in the desired shape to give the stable protective wall (1). The interfaces (27, 28) of the horizontal bars (10) and vertical bars (11, 12, 13) are welding points, so that an overall stable wire mesh results. It is also possible to use an appropriate wire mesh, the outer rods being able to deliver the framework for the mesh in both the vertical and horizontal directions. The lattice baskets (2, 3, 4) placed on top of one another according to FIGS. 8 and 9 can be fixed in the connecting hooks (31) of the lower lattice basket in each case, are bent around the edge horizontal bar (20) or are designed in this way from the outset. Fig. 8 illustrates that in this way a very stable lattice structure can be formed, which is then filled with soil as described.

Claims (10)

1. Space element for the construction of noise preventive walls in roads carrying traffic and industrial premises and also for reinforcing slopes and laying out spaces, which is filled with earth, with stones and/or other materials and planted and also connected with other similar elements, comprising a latticework basket (2, 3, 4) open at the top and bottom of latticework mats (8, 9) assembled from interconnected vertical and horizontal rods (11, 12, 13, 10, 19, 20).
characterised in that,
the vertical rods (11, 12, 13) extend to above and below the horizontal rods (10, 19, 20), both being made of steel or plastic, on both long sides of the latticework mats (8, 8', 9, 9') which are rectangular in plan, that the horizontal rods (10, 19,20) form pivots with the vertical rods (11, 12, 13) at the corners (23) of the latticework basket (2, 3, 4), that at the corners (23) horizontally extending diagonal stiffening rods (16) provided with eyes are arranged on the vertical rods of a latticework mat (9, 8) forming one short side and one forming a long side and that vertical rods (13) arranged at the corners (23) have connecting eyes (3) or other such articulation.

2. Space element according to Claim 1,
characterised in that,
in addition to the diagonal stiffening rods (16) connecting rods (17) are arranged between the horizontal rods (19,20) of the latticework mats (8, 8').

3. Space element according to Claim 1,
characterised in that,
the horizontal rods (10) of the latticework mats (9) forming the short sides of the latticework basket (2, 3, 4), which is rectangular in plan, are formed at their ends so as to embrace at intervals the end vertical rod (13) of the latticework mat (8) forming the long side.

4. Space element according to Claim 1,
characterised in that,
the lowermost horizontal rof (25) of the latticework mats (9, 9') which form the short sides of the rectangular latticework basket (2, 3, 4) are, in comparison to the other horizontal rods, formed bent downhardly at their ends below the lowermost horizontal rod (20) of the latticework mat (8, 8') forming the long side.

5. Space element according to Claim 1,
characterised in that,
latticework mats (8, 8') of 100 x 70 or 150 x 70 cm and latticework mats (9, 9') of 50 x 70 cm are assembled into latticework baskets (2, 3, 4).

6. Space element according to Claim 1,
characterised in that,
the individual latticework baskets (2, 3,4) have coupling rods (32, 33) extending laterally beyond the latticework mats (8, 9) which are connectible to coupling rods (32, 33) of adjacent latticework baskets, or that such coupling rods are connectible in coupling members added thereto.

7. Space element according to Claim 1,
characterised in that,
the latticework baskets (8, 9) comprise horizontal (10,19,20) and vertical (11, 12, 13) rods welded together at their intersections, in which the shorter vertical rods (11, 12, 13) are arranged, after assembly, on the inner side (29) of the latticework basket (2, 3,4).

8. Space element according to Claim 1,
characterised in that,
the latticework mats (8, 9) are provided with known per se erosion protection mats (30) which are clipped to the vertical rods and/or horizontal rods (11,12,13,10,19,20).

9. Space element according to Claim 1,
characterised in that,
one of the latticework mats (9) is releasably connected to the adjacent mat (8).

10. Space element according to Claim 1,
characterised in that,
connecting rings (34) or wire loops are arranged pivotably on the vertical rods (11, 12, 13), preferably on the vertical rods (13) arranged at the corners (23).

Images