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EP0261007A1 - Device for heating liquids by micro-waves, especially blood - Google Patents

Device for heating liquids by micro-waves, especially blood Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0261007A1
EP0261007A1 EP87401872A EP87401872A EP0261007A1 EP 0261007 A1 EP0261007 A1 EP 0261007A1 EP 87401872 A EP87401872 A EP 87401872A EP 87401872 A EP87401872 A EP 87401872A EP 0261007 A1 EP0261007 A1 EP 0261007A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microwaves
enclosure
envelope
action
inert
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP87401872A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean-Marie Jacomino
Jean-François Rochas
Jean-Paul Bernard
Alain Milhaud
Eric Lobjoie
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SAIREM
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SAIREM
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0261007A1 publication Critical patent/EP0261007A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
    • H05B6/80—Apparatus for specific applications

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the heating by microwave of a liquid contained in an inert envelope in the microwave, for example a plastic bag. It relates more particularly to the heating of blood, globular concentrates and all the biological liquids preserved by refrigeration or by freezing and which must be brought before use to a precise temperature.
  • Human blood is generally packaged after collection from donors in flexible plastic bags. To block metabolisms harmful to its conservation, the blood must be either frozen or stored in a cold room. When transfused, this blood must be brought to a temperature close to that of the human body; it is generally accepted that the temperature of the blood injected during transfusions should be between 30 ° C and 35 ° C.
  • a device for microwave heating of a liquid contained in an inert envelope in the microwave for example a plastic bag, which ensures a homogeneous heating of said liquid while not having the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the device of the invention allows heating of the blood, and more generally of any biological fluid in a few minutes without degrading the biochemical properties of the blood and without altering its metabolisms.
  • the microwave heating device is of the known type comprising a microwave energy generator and a metal enclosure of “resonant cavity” shape and into which a waveguide opens. It is characterized in that the lower part of the enclosure, which is intended to receive the envelope containing the liquid, is watertight and filled with water during the action of the microwaves, in that the enclosure is provided with an access door, situated above said lower part and impermeable to microwaves, and in that a mechanical means, known as immersion means, produced in a material which is inert or not microwave, is positioned inside the enclosure in two positions: the first where it keeps the envelope under the water level during the action of the microwaves, and the second where it allows to go out the envelope oppies from the enclosure after the action of the microwaves.
  • the envelope containing the liquid to be heated and which is itself inert to microwaves is kept under water by means of immersion.
  • the action of microwaves is homogeneous in all the liquid medium, constituted by the liquid to be heated, for example blood and by the water which surrounds it: in fact, the envelope surrounding the liquid to heating being inert to microwaves, does not disturb the action of these and there are no side effects leading to heterogeneous heating.
  • the immersion means consists of a grid inert or not to microwaves, with a locking system which has the effect of keeping the grid in the first position while the microwave generator is in operation and in the second position while the access door is opened.
  • a plate On the bottom of the lower part of the enclosure, a plate is made of a material inert to microwaves, on which the envelope containing the liquid to be heated is supported under the action of the immersion means.
  • the thickness of this plate is equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the microwaves generated in the enclosure.
  • the plate has the form of a grid.
  • a temperature sensor is placed in contact with or in the immediate vicinity of the envelope containing the liquid to be heated. This sensor controls the stopping of the microwave generator as soon as the water temperature reaches the predetermined set value.
  • the sensor is for example integral with the immersion means and fixed on the underside thereof.
  • the bags 7 for drawing blood from flexible plastic material which have been shown very diagrammatically in FIGS. 1 and 2 have the defect of generating extremely dangerous thermal shocks when they are introduced directly into a microwave field. Blood indeed has substantially the same dielectric characteristics as liquid water.
  • the electromagnetic field symbolized by the arrows shown in Figure 2 causes on the edges 1 of the pocket and inside the pipe 2 for supplying and discharging the liquid an immediate thermal runaway while the concentrated liquid mass in the middle of the bag only experiences a slight rise in temperature.
  • the device according to the invention consists of a metal enclosure 3 forming a resonant microwave cavity whose geometric characteristics have been calculated to obtain the best possible rate of standing waves at l inside the enclosure.
  • a waveguide 4 opens into the enclosure 3; this waveguide is itself connected to an electromagnetic wave generator, not shown.
  • a magnetron with a nominal power of 1,250 Watts can be used as the generator for the standardized frequency of 2,450 Megahertz.
  • the lower part of the enclosure consists of a watertight part, forming a tank 4.
  • a plate 5 of material inert to microwaves covers the entire bottom surface of the enclosure, the thickness of this plate is preferably a quarter of the length of wave in the material considered for a frequency of 2450 MHz.
  • the blood bags 7 are placed on the plate 5; a grid 8 blocked by a mechanical lock tightens the blood bags.
  • Water is introduced into the lower part 4 of the enclosure 3 through a supply pipe 9; a level sensor 11 controls the solenoid valve 10 which cuts off the water supply when it arrives at the predetermined level 12.
  • the water level above the blocking grid will advantageously be equal at a quarter of the wavelength in water for a frequency of 2450 MHz.
  • a temperature sensor 13 is placed on the underside of the grid 8, so that it is in contact with an envelope 7 during the action of the microwaves.
  • This sensor 13 is connected to the regulator 14.
  • the latter controls the stopping of the microwave generator as soon as the temperature detected by the sensor 13 reaches the set value which has been previously displayed.
  • the regulator 14 also controls the starting of the pump 16 for discharging the water.
  • the grid 8 for holding blood bags under the water level can take two extreme positions, in which it is blocked under the effect of the mechanical locking, not shown.
  • the first position corresponds to the introduction and evacuation of the blood bags 7 in the enclosure: the grid 8 is raised in the high position, to allow the placement of the pockets in the lower part 4 of the enclosure. In this case, the door can be freely opened, and the microwave generator is stopped.
  • the second position corresponds to the heating of the blood bags: the grid 8 is in the low position, bearing on the bags 7 so that they are kept below the level of the water contained in the lower part of the enclosure and that they are in contact with the plate 5 placed at the bottom of the enclosure. In this case the door is locked in the closed position, the microwave generator can be in operation.
  • Such a reheating cycle of two blood bags with a capacity of 300 to 400 milliliters generally requires no more than 3 minutes.
  • a heating obtained thanks to the device according to the invention is sufficiently homogeneous throughout the volume of the envelope containing the liquid to be heated to apply to blood, and in general to biological liquids and to all liquids which need be homogeneously heated to a given temperature.
  • the embodiment which has been described above is not exclusive of the invention.
  • the liquid envelope is placed under the water level at a certain distance to obtain the best possible homogeneity in the liquid with optimal efficiency of microwave energy.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Medical Preparation Storing Or Oral Administration Devices (AREA)
  • Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
  • Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

The device for microwave heating of a liquid contained in a surround which is inert to microwaves, for example blood contained in a plastic pouch (7), consists of a metal enclosure (3) forming a resonator cavity for the microwaves. The lower part (4) of the enclosure intended to receive the surround is watertight. The enclosure is provided with an access door (6) situated above the lower part (4). A grille (8) made from a material which is inert to microwaves can take up two positions inside the enclosure: a low position in which the grille (8) keeps the surround (7) below the level (12) of the water filling the lower part (4) of the enclosure, and a high position enabling the operator to grasp the surround (7). The temperature sensor (13) orders the generator to stop when the temperature close to the surround (7) reaches the setpoint value. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative au chauffage par micro-ondes d'un liquide contenu dans une enveloppe inerte aux micro-ondes, par exemple une poche plastique. Elle concerne plus particulièrement le chauffage du sang, des concentrés globulaires et tous les liquides biologiques conservés par réfrigération ou par congélation et qui doivent être portés avant usage à une température précise.The present invention relates to the heating by microwave of a liquid contained in an inert envelope in the microwave, for example a plastic bag. It relates more particularly to the heating of blood, globular concentrates and all the biological liquids preserved by refrigeration or by freezing and which must be brought before use to a precise temperature.

Le sang humain est généralement conditionné après prélèvement sur des donneurs dans des poches souples en matière plastique. Pour bloquer les métabolismes nuisibles à sa conservation, le sang doit être soit congelé, soit conservé en chambre froide. Lors de sa transfusion, ce sang doit être porté à une température voisine de celle du corps humain ; il est généralement admis que la température du sang injecté lors des transfusions doit être comprise entre 30°C et 35°C.Human blood is generally packaged after collection from donors in flexible plastic bags. To block metabolisms harmful to its conservation, the blood must be either frozen or stored in a cold room. When transfused, this blood must be brought to a temperature close to that of the human body; it is generally accepted that the temperature of the blood injected during transfusions should be between 30 ° C and 35 ° C.

De nombreuses transfusions demandent la mise à disposition de plusieurs litres de sang dans un temps extrêmement court, nécessitant des techniques rapides de réchauffage. Jusqu'à présent, aucune technique connue ne donne entièrement satisfaction. Le sang est souvent conservé à température ambiante, pour être transfusé en cas d'urgence ; dans d'autres cas, il est transfusé à basse température, malgré les complications connues que cela peut entraîner.Many transfusions require the provision of several liters of blood in an extremely short time, requiring rapid warming techniques. So far, no known technique is entirely satisfactory. Blood is often stored at room temperature for transfusion in an emergency; in other cases, it is transfused at low temperature, despite the known complications that this can cause.

L'utilisation des micro-ondes a déjà été envisagée, mais la mise en oeuvre d'un four micro-ondes classique n'est pas acceptable compte-tenu de la forme des poches de sang. En effet, le sang demande un réchauffement très homogène et la forme des enveloppes en matière plastique conduit le plus souvent à des chocs thermiques sur les bords peu épais de ces enveloppes. De tels chocs thermiques peuvent conduire à la formation de caillots ou à la dégradation locale des propriétés biologiques du sang. Les risques d'accidents graves lors de la transfusion sont alors très élevés.The use of microwaves has already been envisaged, but the use of a conventional microwave oven is not acceptable given the shape of the blood bags. Indeed, the blood requires very uniform heating and the shape of the plastic envelopes most often leads to thermal shock on the thin edges of these envelopes. Such thermal shock can lead to clots or local degradation of the biological properties of the blood. The risks of serious accidents during transfusion are therefore very high.

Les brevets français FR-A 2 571 918 et 2 492 210, et le brevet américain US-A 4,503,307 décrivent des enceintes de chauffage des poches de sang par micro-ondes,que les demandeurs ont adaptées pour assurer l'homogénéité du chauffage du sang dans la poche. Leurs adaptations consistent dans des mécanismes d'agitation de la poche pendant l'action continue ou intermittente des micro-ondes. La présence de ces moyens mécaniques rend plus complexe le fonctionnement de l'enceinte et augmente sensiblement son coût.French patents FR-A 2,571,918 and 2,492,210, and American patent US-A 4,503,307 describe chambers for heating blood bags by microwave, which the applicants have adapted to ensure the homogeneity of the heating of blood in the pocket. Their adaptations consist of pocket agitation mechanisms during the continuous or intermittent action of microwaves. The presence of these mechanical means makes the operation of the enclosure more complex and significantly increases its cost.

Or on a trouvé, et c'est ce qui fait l'objet de l'invention un dispositif de chauffage par micro-ondes d'un liquide contenu dans une enveloppe inerte aux micro-ondes, par exemple une poche plastique, qui assure un chauffage homogène dudit liquide tout en ne présentant pas les inconvénients précités. Plus particulièrement le dispositif de l'invention permet un réchauffage du sang, et plus généralement de tout liquide biologique en quelques minutes sans dégrader les propriétés biochimiques du sang et sans en altérer les métabolismes.Now we have found, and this is what is the subject of the invention, a device for microwave heating of a liquid contained in an inert envelope in the microwave, for example a plastic bag, which ensures a homogeneous heating of said liquid while not having the aforementioned drawbacks. More particularly, the device of the invention allows heating of the blood, and more generally of any biological fluid in a few minutes without degrading the biochemical properties of the blood and without altering its metabolisms.

Le dispositif de chauffage par micro-ondes selon l'invention est du type connu comprenant un générateur d'énergie micro-ondes et une enceinte métallique de forme "cavité résonante" et dans laquelle débouche un guide d'onde. Il est caractérisé , en ce que la partie inférieure de l'enceinte, qui est destinée à recevoir l'enveloppe contenant le liquide, est étanche à l'eau et remplie d'eau pendant l'action des micro-ondes, en ce que l'enceinte est munie d'une porte d'accès, située au dessus de ladite partie inférieure et étanche aux micro-ondes, et en ce qu'un moyen mécanique, dit moyen d'immersion, réalisé dans un matériau inerte ou non aux micro-ondes, est positionné à l'intérieur de l'enceinte selon deux positions : la première où il maintient l'enveloppe sous le niveau de l'eau pendant l'action des micro-ondes, et la seconde où il permet de sortir l'envel oppe de l'enceinte après l'action des micro-ondes.The microwave heating device according to the invention is of the known type comprising a microwave energy generator and a metal enclosure of “resonant cavity” shape and into which a waveguide opens. It is characterized in that the lower part of the enclosure, which is intended to receive the envelope containing the liquid, is watertight and filled with water during the action of the microwaves, in that the enclosure is provided with an access door, situated above said lower part and impermeable to microwaves, and in that a mechanical means, known as immersion means, produced in a material which is inert or not microwave, is positioned inside the enclosure in two positions: the first where it keeps the envelope under the water level during the action of the microwaves, and the second where it allows to go out the envelope oppies from the enclosure after the action of the microwaves.

Ainsi, pendant l'action des micro-ondes, l'enveloppe contenant le liquide à chauffer et qui est elle-même inerte aux micro-ondes, est maintenue sous l'eau grâce au moyen d'immersion. Dans ce cas, l'action des micro-ondes est homogène dans tout le milieu liquide, constitué par le liquide à chauffer, par exemple du sang et par l'eau qui l'entoure : en effet, l'enveloppe entourant le liquide à chauffer étant inerte aux micro-ondes, ne perturbe pas l'action de celles-ci et il n'y a pas les effets de bords conduisant à un chauffage hétérogène.Thus, during the action of microwaves, the envelope containing the liquid to be heated and which is itself inert to microwaves, is kept under water by means of immersion. In this case, the action of microwaves is homogeneous in all the liquid medium, constituted by the liquid to be heated, for example blood and by the water which surrounds it: in fact, the envelope surrounding the liquid to heating being inert to microwaves, does not disturb the action of these and there are no side effects leading to heterogeneous heating.

Avantageusement, le moyen d'immersion consiste en une grille inerte ou non aux micro-ondes, assortie d'un système de blocage qui a pour effet de maintenir la grille dans la première position pendant que le générateur micro-ondes est en fonctionnement et dans la seconde position pendant que la porte d'accès est ouverte.Advantageously, the immersion means consists of a grid inert or not to microwaves, with a locking system which has the effect of keeping the grid in the first position while the microwave generator is in operation and in the second position while the access door is opened.

Sur le fond de la partie inférieure de l'enceinte, est placée une plaque en une matière inerte aux micro-ondes, sur laquelle l'enveloppe contenant le liquide à chauffer prend appui sous l'action du moyen d'immersion. De préférence, l'épaisseur de cette plaque est égale au quart de la longueur d'onde des micro-ondes générées dans l'enceinte. Avantageusement, la plaque a la forme d'une grille.On the bottom of the lower part of the enclosure, a plate is made of a material inert to microwaves, on which the envelope containing the liquid to be heated is supported under the action of the immersion means. Preferably, the thickness of this plate is equal to a quarter of the wavelength of the microwaves generated in the enclosure. Advantageously, the plate has the form of a grid.

Un capteur de température est placé , pendant l'action des micro-ondes, en contact ou à proximité immédiate de l'enveloppe contenant le liquide à chauffer. Ce capteur commande l'arrêt du générateur micro-ondes dès que la température de l'eau atteint la valeur de consigne prédéterminée. Le capteur est par exemple solidaire du moyen d'immersion et fixé sur la face inférieure de celui-ci.During the action of the microwaves, a temperature sensor is placed in contact with or in the immediate vicinity of the envelope containing the liquid to be heated. This sensor controls the stopping of the microwave generator as soon as the water temperature reaches the predetermined set value. The sensor is for example integral with the immersion means and fixed on the underside thereof.

Le dispositif selon l'invention peut aussi être équipé d'automatismes commandant le cycle de fonctionnement suivant :

  • a) Ouverture de la porte d'accès, permettant le placement de l'enveloppe,
  • b) Mise en position de maintien de l'enveloppe du moyen d'immersion,
  • c) Fermeture de la porte d'accès,
  • d) Introduction de l'eau dans la partie inférieure de l'enceinte,
  • e) Commande du générateur,
  • f) Arrêt du générateur lorsque la température détectée par le capteur atteint la valeur prédéterminée,
  • g) Evacuation de l'eau,
  • h) Ouverture de la porte d'accès permettant l'évacuation de l'enveloppe.
The device according to the invention can also be equipped with automatic devices controlling the following operating cycle:
  • a) Opening the access door, allowing the placement of the envelope,
  • b) Putting the envelope of the immersion means in the holding position,
  • c) Closing the access door,
  • d) Introduction of water into the lower part of the enclosure,
  • e) Generator control,
  • f) Stopping the generator when the temperature detected by the sensor reaches the predetermined value,
  • g) Water drainage,
  • h) Opening of the access door allowing the evacuation of the envelope.

D'autres buts, avantages et dispositions de l'invention apparaitront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui va être faite du mode préféré de réalisation de l'invention, cette description étant faite en se référant aux dessins ci-annexés sur lesquels :

  • Les figures 1 et 2 illustrent les formes géométriques des poches de sang utilisées généralement en transfusion sanguine.
  • La figure 3 est une coupe selon un plan parallèle à la face avant de l'appareil du dispositif de l'invention.
  • La figure 4 est une coupe selon une vue de dessus du dispositif de l'invention.
Other objects, advantages and provisions of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the description which will be given of the preferred embodiment of the invention, this description being made with reference to the attached drawings in which:
  • Figures 1 and 2 illustrate the geometric shapes of the blood bags generally used in blood transfusion.
  • Figure 3 is a section along a plane parallel to the front face of the device of the device of the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a section on a top view of the device of the invention.

Les poches 7 de prélèvement de sang en matière plastique souple que l'on a représenté très schématiquement sur les figures 1 et 2 présentent le défaut de générer des chocs thermiques extrêmement dangereux lorsqu'elles sont introduites directement dans un champ micro-ondes. Le sang présente en effet sensiblement les mêmes caractéristiques diélectriques que l'eau liquide. Le champ électromagnétique symbolisé par les flèches représentées sur la figure 2 provoque sur les bords 1 de la poche et à l'intérieur du tuyau 2 d'alimentation et d'évacuation du liquide un emballement thermique immédiat alors que la masse liquide concentrée au milieu de la poche ne connaît qu'une élévation de température faible.The bags 7 for drawing blood from flexible plastic material which have been shown very diagrammatically in FIGS. 1 and 2 have the defect of generating extremely dangerous thermal shocks when they are introduced directly into a microwave field. Blood indeed has substantially the same dielectric characteristics as liquid water. The electromagnetic field symbolized by the arrows shown in Figure 2 causes on the edges 1 of the pocket and inside the pipe 2 for supplying and discharging the liquid an immediate thermal runaway while the concentrated liquid mass in the middle of the bag only experiences a slight rise in temperature.

Comme représenté sur les figures 3 et 4, le dispositif selon l'invention est constitué d'une enceinte métallique 3 formant cavité résonante de micro-ondes dont les caractéristiques géométriques ont été c alculées pour obtenir le meilleur taux possible d'ondes stationnaires à l'intérieur de l'enceinte. Un guide d'onde 4 débouche dans l'enceinte 3 ; ce guide d'onde est connecté lui-même à un générateur d'ondes électromagnétiques non représenté. A titre indicatif, on peut utiliser comme générateur un magnétron d'une puissance nominale de 1 250 Watts pour la fréquence normalisée de 2 450 Mégahertz.As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the device according to the invention consists of a metal enclosure 3 forming a resonant microwave cavity whose geometric characteristics have been calculated to obtain the best possible rate of standing waves at l inside the enclosure. A waveguide 4 opens into the enclosure 3; this waveguide is itself connected to an electromagnetic wave generator, not shown. As an indication, a magnetron with a nominal power of 1,250 Watts can be used as the generator for the standardized frequency of 2,450 Megahertz.

La partie inférieure de l'enceinte est constituée d'une partie étanche à l'eau, formant une cuve 4 . On peut également prévoir l'introduction d'un récipient épousant la forme de l'enceinte. Une plaque 5 en matériau inerte aux micro-ondes (verre, céramique, matière plastique, etc...) recouvre la totalité de la surface inférieure de l'enceinte, l'épaisseur de cette plaque est préférentiellement du quart de la longueur d'onde dans le matériau considéré pour une fréquence de 2 450 MHz.The lower part of the enclosure consists of a watertight part, forming a tank 4. One can also provide for the introduction of a container conforming to the shape of the enclosure. A plate 5 of material inert to microwaves (glass, ceramic, plastic, etc.) covers the entire bottom surface of the enclosure, the thickness of this plate is preferably a quarter of the length of wave in the material considered for a frequency of 2450 MHz.

Une porte 6 dont la partie inférieure est située au-dessus du niveau maximal de la partie inférieure 4 formant cuve donne accès à l'intérieur de l'enceinte. De par sa conception, cette porte évite toute fuite de micro-ondes à l'extérieur de l'enceinte.A door 6, the lower part of which is situated above the maximum level of the lower part 4 forming a tank, gives access to the interior of the enclosure. By design, this door prevents any microwave leaks outside the enclosure.

Les poches de sang 7 sont posées sur la plaque 5 ; une grille 8 bloquée par un verrouillage mécanique vient serrer les poches de sang. De l'eau est introduite dans la partie inférieure 4 de l'enceinte 3 par un tuyau d'alimentation 9 ; un capteur de niveau 11 commande l'électrovanne 10 qui coupe l'arrivée d'eau lorsque celui-ci arrive au niveau prédéterminé 12. Par construction de l'appareil, le niveau d'eau au dessus de la grille de blocage sera avantageusement égal au quart de la longueur d'onde dans l'eau pour une fréquence de 2 450 MHz.The blood bags 7 are placed on the plate 5; a grid 8 blocked by a mechanical lock tightens the blood bags. Water is introduced into the lower part 4 of the enclosure 3 through a supply pipe 9; a level sensor 11 controls the solenoid valve 10 which cuts off the water supply when it arrives at the predetermined level 12. By construction of the device, the water level above the blocking grid will advantageously be equal at a quarter of the wavelength in water for a frequency of 2450 MHz.

Un capteur 13 de température est placé sur la face inférieure de la grille 8, de telle sorte qu'il soit en contact avec une enveloppe 7 pendant l'action des micro-ondes. Ce capteur 13 est relié au régulateur 14. Ce dernier commande l'arrêt du générateur micro-ondes dès que la température détectée par le capteur 13 atteint la valeur de consigne qui a été préalablement affichée. Le régulateur 14 commande également la mise en route de la pompe 16 d'évacuation de l'eau.A temperature sensor 13 is placed on the underside of the grid 8, so that it is in contact with an envelope 7 during the action of the microwaves. This sensor 13 is connected to the regulator 14. The latter controls the stopping of the microwave generator as soon as the temperature detected by the sensor 13 reaches the set value which has been previously displayed. The regulator 14 also controls the starting of the pump 16 for discharging the water.

La grille 8 de maintien des poches de sang sous le niveau de l'eau, peut prendre deux positions extrêmes, dans lesquelles elle est bloquée sous l'effet du verrouillage mécanique non représenté.The grid 8 for holding blood bags under the water level can take two extreme positions, in which it is blocked under the effect of the mechanical locking, not shown.

La première position correspond à l'introduction et à l'évacuation des poches de sang 7 dans l'enceinte : la grille 8 est relevée en position haute, pour permettre le placement des poches dans la partie inférieure 4 de l'enceinte. Dans ce cas, la porte peut être librement ouverte, et le générateur micro-ondes est à l'arrêt. La seconde position correspond au chauffage des poches de sang : la grille 8 est en position basse, prenant appui sur les poches 7 de telle sorte qu'elles soient maintenues sous le niveau de l'eau contenue dans la partie inférieure de l'enceinte et qu'elles soient en contact avec la plaque 5 placées au fond de l'enceinte. Dans ce cas la porte est verrouillée en position fermée, le générateur micro-ondes peut être en fonctionnement.The first position corresponds to the introduction and evacuation of the blood bags 7 in the enclosure: the grid 8 is raised in the high position, to allow the placement of the pockets in the lower part 4 of the enclosure. In this case, the door can be freely opened, and the microwave generator is stopped. The second position corresponds to the heating of the blood bags: the grid 8 is in the low position, bearing on the bags 7 so that they are kept below the level of the water contained in the lower part of the enclosure and that they are in contact with the plate 5 placed at the bottom of the enclosure. In this case the door is locked in the closed position, the microwave generator can be in operation.

Le cycle de fonctionnement automatique du dispositif comporte les séquences successives suivantes , après affichage sur le régulateur 14 de la températuer à laquelle le sang doit être porté :

  • 1) La porte externe 6 étant ouverte et la grille 8 étant en position haute, introduction manuelle des poches 7 de sang dans la partie inférieure 4 de l'enceinte ; mise en position basse et verrouillage de la grille 8 ; fermeture et verrouillage de la porte 6. La mise en position de la grille 8 et la fermeture de la porte sont manuelles, mais la séquence suivante ne peut s'enclencher automatiquement que si les verrouillages subséquents ont bien été réalisés.
  • 2) Ouverture de l'électrovanne 10 et remplissage de la cuve 4 jusqu'au niveau 12, le capteur 11 de niveau commandant la fermeture de l'électrovanne 10.
  • 3) Mis e en route du générateur de micro-ondes et du régulateur 14.
  • 4) Arrêt du générateur lorsque le capteur 13 de température indique au régulateur 14 la température de consigne qui a été affichée.
  • 5) Mise en route de l'électrovanne 15 et de la pompe 16 qui évacue l'eau de la cuve 4.
  • 6) Ouverture de la porte 6 et mise en position haute de la grille 8. Evacuation des poches 7 de sang par l'opérateur. L'ouverture de la porte et la mise en position haute de la grille 8 ne peuvent être obtenues que grâce à leur déverrouillage rendu possible par les opérations précédentes.
The automatic operating cycle of the device comprises the following successive sequences, after display on the regulator 14 of the temperature to which the blood should be brought:
  • 1) The external door 6 being open and the grid 8 being in the high position, manual introduction of the blood bags 7 into the part lower 4 of the enclosure; setting in the low position and locking the grid 8; closing and locking the door 6. The positioning of the gate 8 and the closing of the door are manual, but the following sequence can only be engaged automatically if the subsequent locks have been made.
  • 2) Opening of the solenoid valve 10 and filling of the tank 4 to level 12, the level sensor 11 controlling the closing of the solenoid valve 10.
  • 3) Starting the microwave generator and the regulator 14.
  • 4) Stopping the generator when the temperature sensor 13 indicates to the regulator 14 the set temperature which has been displayed.
  • 5) Starting the solenoid valve 15 and the pump 16 which evacuates the water from the tank 4.
  • 6) Opening the door 6 and placing the grid in the high position 8. Evacuation of the blood bags 7 by the operator. The opening of the door and the setting in the high position of the grid 8 can only be obtained thanks to their unlocking made possible by the previous operations.

Un tel cycle de réchauffage de deux poches de sang d'une contenance de 300 à 400 millilitres ne demande généralement pas plus de 3 minutes.Such a reheating cycle of two blood bags with a capacity of 300 to 400 milliliters generally requires no more than 3 minutes.

Les essais et analyses ultérieurs qui ont été réalisés sur différents groupages sanguins ont montré que le sang ainsi réchauffé ne connaissait aucune altération. Les paramètres suivants ont particulièrement été vérifiés : concentration globulaire , hémoglobine, numération globulaire...The subsequent tests and analyzes which were carried out on different blood groupings showed that the blood thus warmed knew no alteration. The following parameters have been particularly checked: blood concentration, hemoglobin, blood count ...

Un chauffage obtenu grâce au dispositif selon l'invention est suffisamment homogène dans tout le volume de l'enveloppe contenant le liquide à chauffer pour s'appliquer au sang , et de manière générale aux liquides biologiques et à tous les liquides qui ont besoin d'être chauffés de façon homogène à une température donnée.A heating obtained thanks to the device according to the invention is sufficiently homogeneous throughout the volume of the envelope containing the liquid to be heated to apply to blood, and in general to biological liquids and to all liquids which need be homogeneously heated to a given temperature.

L'exemple de réalisation qui a été décrit ci-dessus n'est pas exclusif de l'invention. L'enveloppe de liquide est placée sous le niveau de l'eau à une certaine distance pour obtenir la meilleure homogénéité possible dans le liquide avec un rendement optimal de l'énergie micro-ondes. The embodiment which has been described above is not exclusive of the invention. The liquid envelope is placed under the water level at a certain distance to obtain the best possible homogeneity in the liquid with optimal efficiency of microwave energy.

Claims (8)

1. Dispositif de chauffage par micro-ondes d'un liquide contenu dans une enveloppe (7) inerte aux micro-ondes du type comprenant un générateur d'énergie micro-ondes et une enceinte métallique (3) formant cavité résonante dans laquelle débouche un guide d'onde, caractérisée en ce que :
a) la partie (4) inférieure de l'enceinte, destinée à recevoir l'enveloppe(7) , est étanche à l'eau, étant remplie d'eau pendant l'action des micro-ondes,
b) l'enceinte est munie d'une porte (6) d'accès située au-dessus de ladite partie (4) inférieure et étanche aux micro-ondes,
c) et un moyen mécanique (8) dit moyen d'immersion, est positionné à l'intérieur de l'enceinte selon deux positions, une position basse où il maintient l'enveloppe (7) sous le niveau (12) de l'eau pendant l'action des micro-ondes et une position haute où il permet l'évacuation de l'enveloppe (7) de l'enceinte après l'action des micro-ondes.1. Microwave heating device for a liquid contained in an envelope (7) inert to microwaves of the type comprising a microwave energy generator and a metal enclosure (3) forming a resonant cavity into which opens a waveguide, characterized in that:
a) the lower part (4) of the enclosure, intended to receive the envelope (7), is waterproof, being filled with water during the action of the microwaves,
b) the enclosure is provided with an access door (6) located above said lower part (4) and impermeable to microwaves,
c) and a mechanical means (8) called immersion means, is positioned inside the enclosure in two positions, a low position where it maintains the envelope (7) below the level (12) of the water during the action of the microwaves and a high position where it allows the evacuation of the envelope (7) of the enclosure after the action of the microwaves. 2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend une plaque (5) en un matériau inerte aux micro-ondes, placée sur le fond de la partie (4) inférieure de l'enceinte, sur laquelle l'enveloppe (7) prend appui sous l'action du moyen d'immersion (8).2. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a plate (5) of a material inert to microwaves, placed on the bottom of the lower part (4) of the enclosure, on which the envelope ( 7) is supported by the action of the immersion means (8). 3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que la plaque (5) a la forme d'une grille.3. Device according to claim 2 characterized in that the plate (5) has the shape of a grid. 4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un capteur (13) de température placé, pendant l'action des micro-ondes, au contact ou à proximité immédiate de l'enveloppe (7) et capable d'arrêter le générateur micro-ondes dès que la température détectée atteint une valeur de consigne prédéterminée.4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3 characterized in that it comprises a temperature sensor (13) placed, during the action of the microwaves, in contact with or in the immediate vicinity of the envelope (7) and capable of stopping the microwave generator as soon as the detected temperature reaches a predetermined set value. 5. Dispositif selon la revendication 4 caractérisé en ce que le capteur (13) de température est placé sur la face inférieure du moyen d'immersion (8).5. Device according to claim 4 characterized in that the temperature sensor (13) is placed on the underside of the immersion means (8). 6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 caractérisé en ce que le moyen d'immersion (8) consiste en une grille inerte ou non aux micro-ondes assortie d'un système de blocage maintenant la grille dans la position basse pendant l'action des micro-ondes.6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5 characterized in that the immersion means (8) consists of a grid, inert or not, with microwaves, accompanied by a blocking system keeping the grid in the low position for the action of microwaves. 7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6 caractérisé en ce qu'il est équipé d'automatismes commandant le cycle de fonctionnement suivant :
a) ouverture de la po rte (6) d'accès, permettant le placement de l'enveloppe (7),
b) mise en position basse du moyen d'immersion (8),
c) fermeture de la porte d'accès (6),
d) introduction de l'eau dans la partie inférieure de l'enceinte,
e) commande du générateur,
f) arrêt du générateur lorsque la température détectée par le capteur (13) atteint la valeur prédéterminée,
g) évacuation de l'eau,
h) ouverture de la porte d'accès, permettant l'évacuation de l'enveloppe,7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6 characterized in that it is equipped with automatic devices controlling the following operating cycle:
a) opening the access door (6), allowing the envelope (7) to be placed,
b) placing the immersion means (8) in the low position,
c) closing the access door (6),
d) introduction of water into the lower part of the enclosure,
e) generator control,
f) generator shutdown when the temperature detected by the sensor (13) reaches the predetermined value,
g) evacuation of water,
h) opening the access door, allowing the envelope to be evacuated, 8. Utilisation du dispositif pour le chauffage à une température de 30 à 35°C de poche en plastique contenant du liquide biologique, notamment du sang.8. Use of the device for heating to a temperature of 30 to 35 ° C of a plastic bag containing biological fluid, in particular blood.
EP87401872A 1986-08-28 1987-08-12 Device for heating liquids by micro-waves, especially blood Withdrawn EP0261007A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8612301 1986-08-28
FR8612301A FR2603444B1 (en) 1986-08-28 1986-08-28 LIQUID HEATING DEVICE BY MICROWAVE, ESPECIALLY BLOOD

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0261007A1 true EP0261007A1 (en) 1988-03-23

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EP87401872A Withdrawn EP0261007A1 (en) 1986-08-28 1987-08-12 Device for heating liquids by micro-waves, especially blood

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EP (1) EP0261007A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2603444B1 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0329732A1 (en) * 1987-09-03 1989-08-30 The Vanderbilt University Microwave energy blood rewarming method and apparatus
WO1990007854A1 (en) * 1988-12-30 1990-07-12 Lifeblood Advanced Blood Bank Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for the rapid thawing of cryopreserved blood, blood components, and tissue
US4954679A (en) * 1988-12-30 1990-09-04 Lifeblood Advanced Blood Bank Systems, Inc. Method for the rapid thawing of cryopreserved blood, blood components, and tissue
WO1991012888A1 (en) * 1990-02-28 1991-09-05 Kreatech Biotechnology B.V. Apparatus for automatically performing a biotechnological process at different desired temperatures
WO2002054833A1 (en) 2001-01-08 2002-07-11 Lars Ekemar tN APPLIANCE FOR THE EQUALISATION OF HEAT IN A DIELECTRIC LOAD HEATED BY AN OSCILLATING ELECTRIC/ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
WO2003083926A2 (en) * 2002-04-02 2003-10-09 Politechnika Wroclawska The microwave enhanced method of silicon etching and the system for microwave enhanced semiconductors etching
WO2015190974A1 (en) * 2014-06-10 2015-12-17 Antrad Medical Ab Detecting leakage when heating a perishable dielectric load
WO2017123145A1 (en) * 2016-01-12 2017-07-20 Antrad Medical Ab Heater and method for thawing/warming a perishable dielectric load

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3498056B1 (en) 2016-08-09 2020-06-03 John Bean Technologies Corporation Radio frequency processing apparatus and method

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US2997566A (en) * 1959-04-14 1961-08-22 Raytheon Co Microwave apparatus
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US3629552A (en) * 1969-06-25 1971-12-21 John D Edging Heating device for parenteral fluid
FR2492210A1 (en) * 1980-10-09 1982-04-16 Applic Micro Ondes Ste Fse Microwave heater to defrost heat sensitive frozen prod. - esp. blood plasma continuously agitates prod. intermittently exposed to irradiation
US4439656A (en) * 1981-04-06 1984-03-27 The Stouffer Corporation Apparatus and method for the reconstitution of frozen foods in a microwave oven
US4503307A (en) * 1983-06-20 1985-03-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Shielding apparatus for microwave thawing
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US2997566A (en) * 1959-04-14 1961-08-22 Raytheon Co Microwave apparatus
CH398831A (en) * 1963-02-11 1966-03-15 Patelhold Patentverwertung Microwave treatment device with generator, waveguide and microwave work area for rapid heating of liquids
US3629552A (en) * 1969-06-25 1971-12-21 John D Edging Heating device for parenteral fluid
FR2492210A1 (en) * 1980-10-09 1982-04-16 Applic Micro Ondes Ste Fse Microwave heater to defrost heat sensitive frozen prod. - esp. blood plasma continuously agitates prod. intermittently exposed to irradiation
US4439656A (en) * 1981-04-06 1984-03-27 The Stouffer Corporation Apparatus and method for the reconstitution of frozen foods in a microwave oven
US4503307A (en) * 1983-06-20 1985-03-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Shielding apparatus for microwave thawing
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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0329732A1 (en) * 1987-09-03 1989-08-30 The Vanderbilt University Microwave energy blood rewarming method and apparatus
EP0329732A4 (en) * 1987-09-03 1989-12-28 Univ Vanderbilt Microwave energy blood rewarming method and apparatus.
AU593751B1 (en) * 1987-09-03 1990-02-15 Vanderbilt University Microwave energy blood rewarming method and apparatus
WO1990007854A1 (en) * 1988-12-30 1990-07-12 Lifeblood Advanced Blood Bank Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for the rapid thawing of cryopreserved blood, blood components, and tissue
US4954679A (en) * 1988-12-30 1990-09-04 Lifeblood Advanced Blood Bank Systems, Inc. Method for the rapid thawing of cryopreserved blood, blood components, and tissue
US5302347A (en) * 1990-02-28 1994-04-12 Kreatech Biotechnology B.V. Apparatus for cyclincial temperature process with automatic monitoring and adjusting of the temperature of a water bath
WO1991012888A1 (en) * 1990-02-28 1991-09-05 Kreatech Biotechnology B.V. Apparatus for automatically performing a biotechnological process at different desired temperatures
WO2002054833A1 (en) 2001-01-08 2002-07-11 Lars Ekemar tN APPLIANCE FOR THE EQUALISATION OF HEAT IN A DIELECTRIC LOAD HEATED BY AN OSCILLATING ELECTRIC/ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD
WO2003083926A2 (en) * 2002-04-02 2003-10-09 Politechnika Wroclawska The microwave enhanced method of silicon etching and the system for microwave enhanced semiconductors etching
WO2003083926A3 (en) * 2002-04-02 2004-04-29 Politechnika Wroclawska The microwave enhanced method of silicon etching and the system for microwave enhanced semiconductors etching
WO2015190974A1 (en) * 2014-06-10 2015-12-17 Antrad Medical Ab Detecting leakage when heating a perishable dielectric load
US10299318B2 (en) 2014-06-10 2019-05-21 Antrad Medical Ab Detecting leakage when heating a perishable dielectric load
WO2017123145A1 (en) * 2016-01-12 2017-07-20 Antrad Medical Ab Heater and method for thawing/warming a perishable dielectric load
US10798788B2 (en) 2016-01-12 2020-10-06 Antrad Medical Ab Heater and method for thawing/warming a perishable dielectric load

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2603444B1 (en) 1988-12-09
FR2603444A1 (en) 1988-03-04

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