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EP0136935B1 - Device for drilling a multidrain oil well and for putting it into production - Google Patents

Device for drilling a multidrain oil well and for putting it into production Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0136935B1
EP0136935B1 EP84401719A EP84401719A EP0136935B1 EP 0136935 B1 EP0136935 B1 EP 0136935B1 EP 84401719 A EP84401719 A EP 84401719A EP 84401719 A EP84401719 A EP 84401719A EP 0136935 B1 EP0136935 B1 EP 0136935B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
branch
tubes
tube
well
unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84401719A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0136935A1 (en
Inventor
Serge Di Vincenzo
Jean-Jacques Josse
Guy Pujols
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Societe National Elf Aquitaine
Original Assignee
Societe National Elf Aquitaine
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Application filed by Societe National Elf Aquitaine filed Critical Societe National Elf Aquitaine
Publication of EP0136935A1 publication Critical patent/EP0136935A1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04—Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/061—Deflecting the direction of boreholes the tool shaft advancing relative to a guide, e.g. a curved tube or a whipstock
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
    • E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
    • E21B33/14—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like for cementing casings into boreholes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0035—Apparatus or methods for multilateral well technology, e.g. for the completion of or workover on wells with one or more lateral branches
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/14—Obtaining from a multiple-zone well

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-drain oil drilling and production device.
  • branched wells have been produced consisting of a main well and lateral branched wells connected to the main well and making a certain angle with the latter, so as in particular to increase the production of the “mother or main well.
  • the lateral ramifications of a mother borehole allow, in addition to increasing production, to recover as much as possible the content of the exploited deposit.
  • these ramifications make it possible, with the same surface installation, to extend the exploited underground zone, and to reduce the high flow resistance which appears near the borehole in a mother well.
  • Another utility of these ramifications is to be able to exploit layers of land comprising a large number of fractures. This is because the lateral ramifications intercept the fractures and connect them to the drainage system of the mother well.
  • the ramifications are made, from the mother well, by means of a deflecting whistle, called whipstock in English.
  • a deflecting whistle called whipstock in English.
  • the diameters of the branches are smaller than those of the mother well and the angle of deflection of each branch is chosen according to the zone of the deposit where the branch must open.
  • the same diverter whistle is used to drill two ramifications symmetrical with respect to the mother well, by turning the diverter whistle 180 ° in the mother well.
  • branches can be oblique, horizontal or in any direction, provided that they are associated with a mother well from which they are made.
  • the second difficulty resides in the fact that supposing that the original branch can be relocated, it would be imperative to use the deflecting whistle again to either clear the said branch to be reactivated from all fillings, or to start drilling again .
  • US Pat. No. 4,067,385 relates to a system for coupling a production tube with the equipment of a well, which comprises a movable hollow jacket having a cam-shaped end and a slot in which can engage a key attached to fixed equipment of the drilled well.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks, and to propose a device which allows normal operation, when the ramifications are in service, but also, before, to be able to deposit a lost casing likely to be reconnected on the surface so as to possibly reactivate one or more of them after their decommissioning, without requiring large investments.
  • the subject of the present invention is a device for drilling and for producing petroleum in a wellbore formed by a mother well and at least one branched well opening into said mother well, said device comprising an external tube placed in the mother well, and it is characterized in that it further comprises at least one bypass assembly fixed in situ in said external tube and comprising at least one fixed bypass tube whose lower end communicates with a branched well.
  • the device according to the invention makes it possible to drill as many ramifications as the set of branches includes branch tubes.
  • the exploitation of the deposit is carried out through the bypass tubes, the deposit fluid opening directly into the external tube when the mother well does not have internal production tubes.
  • each of the branch tubes with a production tube or all of said branch tubes with a single production tube.
  • the device comprises a connection assembly which, associated with a positioning assembly, makes it possible to drill and return to service after use, any branching, and this thanks to a fixed key of the positioning assembly on which rests a cam profile of the connection assembly.
  • An oil exploitation well schematically comprises a hole 1 drilled in the underground layers 2, from the surface 3 of the ground. Inside the hole 1 is lowered an external tube 4, the space between the external wall of the tube 4 and the internal wall of the hole being filled with cement 5. An internal vertical production tube 5a, generally concentric with the external tube 4, delimits with the latter an annular space 7. Finally, at the lower end of the tube 4, a shoe 6 is provided.
  • the external tube 4 constitutes a mother well 8, from which ramifications 9 are drilled, while inside the tube 4 is arranged all the tools necessary for the exploitation of the deposit 10. All this is well known to specialists and will not be described in detail. Moreover, Figure 1 is very schematic and is given only for the record.
  • the device according to the invention is placed inside the tube 4.
  • the device essentially comprises (FIG. 2) a bypass assembly comprising at least one bypass tube and preferably three tubes 12, 13, 14, arranged at 120 ° from one another and one of which, the tube 13 for example, is vertical , while the other two 12 and 14 each have a vertical part 12a, 14a and a curved part 12b, 14b.
  • the radius of curvature of the curved parts 12b and 14b depends mainly on the choice of the zones of the deposit to be reached. In the example shown in the figures, the radius of curvature is of the order of 140 m. Therefore, the section 12c, 14c of these parts 12a and 14a with the outer tube 4 which they intersect are .constituted by large ellipses.
  • the height of the deflection assembly is between 4 and 5 m.
  • the tubes 12 to 14 are connected together by spacers 15 and 16, the spacer 15 being constituted by a disc pierced with three holes at 120 °; while the spacers 16 are of different structure to allow the guidance and positioning of the tubes 12 to 14.
  • Each spacer 16 has a hole 17 for the passage of the tube 13 and two lateral notches 18 for the tubes 12 and 14.
  • Others structures of the bypass assembly 11 can be envisaged with or without a vertical bypass tube.
  • the bypass assembly 11 is housed in the outer tube 4 and welded to the latter by welding points 20 located at the level of the lower sections in the shape of an ellipse.
  • cement is injected through an upper orifice 21 formed in the external tube 4, so as to fill the space comprised between the said tubes and thus to produce a rigid, fixed, fixed assembly integral with the said external tube 4
  • the excess cement is discharged through an orifice 22 formed at the base of the tube 4, below the elliptical sections of the tubes 12 to 14.
  • a shoe assembly 6 is fixed to the tube 4 by a weld 23 so that the tube vertical 13 opens into a bore 6a.
  • a receptacle 24 comprising as many bores as the bypass assembly 11 comprises tubes.
  • the receptacle 24 includes three bores 25, 26, 27 arranged at 120 ° from each other
  • a positioning assembly 18 is also fixed by welding inside the tube 4, and comprises a positioning key 29, which is oriented in an appropriate manner with respect to the receptacle 24.
  • bypass assembly 11 the receptacle 24 and the positioning assembly 28 remain permanently in the tube 4, throughout the life of the wellbore.
  • the invention provides for using a mobile connection assembly 30 shown in FIG. 4.
  • connection assembly 30 comprises an external body 31 in which a helical ramp 32 is formed on which the key 29 rests during the rotation of said connection assembly 30 until said key 29 reaches a guide groove 33 formed in the body 31.
  • the connection assembly 30 also includes an internal part 34 in which are provided bores for housing connection tubes 35, 36, 37.
  • the tube 35 is for example connected to the production tube or to the riser of the wellbore from its upper part and comprises at its lower part a hollow extension or extension 38, provided with annular seals 39.
  • the lower end of the extension 38 is conical in shape to allow easy introduction into the corresponding bore of the receptacle 24.
  • the lower ends of the two other tubes 36 and 37 are extended by two solid plugs 40 also provided with annular seals 41, the squels caps each have a conical end for easy positioning in the corresponding bores of the receptacle 24. Due to the connection made, it goes without saying that the tubes 35 to 37 are also arranged at 120 ° from each other.
  • the deflection tube 12 which is connected to the production tube or to the riser of the wellbore, the other two tubes 13 and 14 being obstructed by the plugs 40.
  • connection assembly 30 in the blocked branch tubes does not require annular seals 41 so as to allow the introduction of plugs 40 into the receptacle 24.
  • the annular seals 41 allow to isolate them.
  • the drilling of a branch 9 is carried out by choosing the position of the extension 38 and of the tube 35 connected to the surface on the connection assembly 30, and by introducing a drill string, not shown, into said tube 35.
  • the drill string passes through the extension 38 and the bypass tube corresponding to the branch to be drilled.
  • the lost tubing 42 serves to avoid the collapse of the walls of the branch and is provided with a removal and connection head 43 so as to allow, if necessary, to reconnect to the lost tubing.
  • the head 43 of the lost tubing is located, above the upper ends 12a to 14a of the branch tubes and in a lower part 25a of the corresponding bore 25 of the receptacle 24.
  • the bore 25 comprises a portion of larger diameter 25b for the reception of the extension 38. It should be noted that the part of smaller diameter 25a can also be used for fitting a control tool to the cable, above the head of the lost casing.
  • connection assembly 30 is removed, the reservoir fluid flowing through the bypass tubes that it is desired to put into service and the other fixed parts of the device.
  • connection assembly 30 is lowered suitably equipped for this purpose.
  • connection assembly 30 is lowered as described above.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that all the upper ends of the branch tubes are at the same level in the mother wellbore, allowing great ease of mechanical connection.
  • the extraction of the reservoir fluid can be carried out through one or more of the branch tubes while making static measurements on the other branch tubes.

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  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Soil Working Implements (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de forage et de mise en production pétrolière multi- drains.The present invention relates to a multi-drain oil drilling and production device.

Depuis fort longtemps, on réalise des puits de forage ramifiés constitués par un puits principal et de puits ramifiés latéraux reliés au puits principal et faisant avec ce dernier un certain angle, de manière à notamment accroître la production du puits « mère ou principal.For a very long time, branched wells have been produced consisting of a main well and lateral branched wells connected to the main well and making a certain angle with the latter, so as in particular to increase the production of the “mother or main well.

Les raisons d'un forage d'un puits ramifié sont nombreuses et présentent soit un caractère économique, soit un caractère lié à la nature de la couche de terrain exploitée.The reasons for drilling a branched well are numerous and present either an economic character or a character linked to the nature of the layer of land exploited.

En effet, les ramifications latérales d'un puits de forage mère permettent outre l'accroissement de la production, de récupérer au maximum le contenu du gisement exploité. De plus, ces ramifications permettent, avec une même installation de surface, d'étendre la zone souterraine exploitée, et de réduire la haute résistance d'écoulement qui apparaît près du trou de forage dans un puits mère.In fact, the lateral ramifications of a mother borehole allow, in addition to increasing production, to recover as much as possible the content of the exploited deposit. In addition, these ramifications make it possible, with the same surface installation, to extend the exploited underground zone, and to reduce the high flow resistance which appears near the borehole in a mother well.

Une autre utilité de ces ramifications est de pouvoir exploiter des couches de terrain comprenant un grand nombre de fractures. Cela provient du fait que les ramifications latérales interceptent les fractures et les relient au système de drainage du puits mère.Another utility of these ramifications is to be able to exploit layers of land comprising a large number of fractures. This is because the lateral ramifications intercept the fractures and connect them to the drainage system of the mother well.

Enfin, de tels puits ramifiés sont très utiles pour exploiter de façon efficace un gisement dont le réservoir présente un relief du toit très irrégulier et/ou une faible épaisseur.Finally, such branched wells are very useful for efficiently exploiting a deposit whose reservoir has a very irregular roof relief and / or a small thickness.

De plus en plus, les ramifications sont réalisées, à partir du puits mère, au moyen d'un sifflet déviateur, dénommé whipstock en anglais. Bien évidemment, les diamètres des ramifications sont inférieurs à ceux du puits mère et l'angle de déviation de chaque ramification est choisi en fonction de la zone du gisement où la ramification doit déboucher. Dans certains cas, pour minimiser les coûts dù forage, on utilise le même sifflet déviateur pour forer deux ramifications symétriques par rapport au puits mère, en tournant le sifflet déviateur à 180° dans le puits mère.Increasingly, the ramifications are made, from the mother well, by means of a deflecting whistle, called whipstock in English. Obviously, the diameters of the branches are smaller than those of the mother well and the angle of deflection of each branch is chosen according to the zone of the deposit where the branch must open. In some cases, to minimize drilling costs, the same diverter whistle is used to drill two ramifications symmetrical with respect to the mother well, by turning the diverter whistle 180 ° in the mother well.

Après chaque forage d'une ramification, on y introduit des éléments nécessaires à l'exploitation du gisement. Quand toutes les ramifications sont prêtes à être utilisées, on extrait du puits mère tous les appareils qui n'ont aucune utilité au cours de la production. Il en est notamment ainsi du sifflet déviateur. D'ores et déjà, il faut rappeler qu'une telle structure du puits mère avec les puits ramifiés présente l'inconvénient de ne pouvoir bénéficier d'une liaison sélective entre le fond de chaque ramification avec la surface.After each drilling of a branch, we introduce elements necessary for the exploitation of the deposit. When all the ramifications are ready to be used, all the devices which have no use during production are extracted from the mother well. This is particularly the case with the deviating whistle. As of now, it should be recalled that such a structure of the mother well with the branched wells has the drawback of not being able to benefit from a selective bond between the bottom of each branching with the surface.

Dans tout ce qui précède, on a fait référence à des ramifications latérales. Bien entendu, les ramifications peuvent être obliques, horizontales ou dans n'importe quelle direction, pour autant qu'elles sont associées à un puits mère à partir duquel elles sont réalisées.In all of the foregoing, reference has been made to lateral ramifications. Of course, the branches can be oblique, horizontal or in any direction, provided that they are associated with a mother well from which they are made.

Tant que les ramifications sont en service, c'est-à-dire en exploitation, aucune difficulté majeure ne se pose.As long as the ramifications are in service, that is to say in operation, no major difficulty arises.

Par contre, lorsqu'une ou plusieurs des ramifications a été mise hors service et qu'on souhaite la réactiver ou la mettre à nouveau en service, alors se posent de graves difficultés.On the other hand, when one or more of the ramifications has been taken out of service and it is desired to reactivate it or put it back into service again, then serious difficulties arise.

La première de ces difficultés est surtout liée au fait que, pendant la période de service, elle a été comblée par les déblais et qu'il est très difficile de la localiser avec précision. Certes, on pourrait envisager, chaque fois qu'on descend un sifflet déviateur, pour le forage d'une ramification, de noter très précisément son emplacement dans le puits mère pour ensuite le replacer exactement au même endroit. Une telle opération paraît délicate à réaliser.The first of these difficulties is mainly related to the fact that, during the period of service, it was filled by the excavated material and that it is very difficult to locate it with precision. Admittedly, one could consider, each time one descends a deflecting whistle, for the drilling of a ramification, to note very precisely its location in the mother well and then to replace it exactly in the same place. Such an operation seems delicate to carry out.

La seconde difficulté réside dans le fait qu'à supposer qu'on puisse relocaliser la ramification d'origine, il serait impératif d'utiliser à nouveau le sifflet déviateur pour soit dégager ladite ramification à réactiver de tous les comblements, soit de recommencer un forage.The second difficulty resides in the fact that supposing that the original branch can be relocated, it would be imperative to use the deflecting whistle again to either clear the said branch to be reactivated from all fillings, or to start drilling again .

Devant ces difficultés majeures, il peut paraître préférable de ne pas remettre en service les ramifications mais d'en forer de nouvelles, ce qui est très coûteux même si le forage d'une ramification n'est pas comparable à celui d'un puits vertical principal.Faced with these major difficulties, it may seem preferable not to put the branches back into service but to drill new ones, which is very expensive even if drilling a branch is not comparable to that of a vertical well. main.

Dans le brevet US-4 236 734 est décrit un système de couplage entre des tubes de production inférieurs et supérieurs disposés dans un puits de forage. Les tubes inférieurs sont solidaires d'une garniture d'étanchéité. Une tête d'orientation est montée sur la garniture d'étanchéité et coopère avec un corps d'orientation qui est solidaire des tubes de production supérieurs. Des moyens de verrouillage sont également prévus pour verrouiller le corps d'orientation dans la tête d'orientation.In US Pat. No. 4,236,734 there is described a coupling system between lower and upper production tubes arranged in a wellbore. The lower tubes are integral with a seal. An orientation head is mounted on the seal and cooperates with an orientation body which is integral with the upper production tubes. Locking means are also provided for locking the orientation body in the orientation head.

Le brevet US-4 067 385 concerne un système de couplage d'un tube de production avec l'équipement d'un puits, qui comprend une chemise creuse mobile comportant une extrémité en forme de came et une fente dans laquelle peut s'engager une clavette solidaire d'un équipement fixe du puits foré.US Pat. No. 4,067,385 relates to a system for coupling a production tube with the equipment of a well, which comprises a movable hollow jacket having a cam-shaped end and a slot in which can engage a key attached to fixed equipment of the drilled well.

Dans les deux systèmes rappelés ci-dessus, il s'agit de coupler des tubes de production entre eux, certains étant disposés au fond du puits. Toutefois, de tels dispositifs ne peuvent être utilisés pour le forage et/ou la réactivation de drains ou ramifications latérales d'un puits mère, étant précisé que les dispositifs de l'art antérieur sont amenés pour la production d'un puits lorsque les ramifications sont déjà forées. De plus, du fait qu'il s'agit de tubes de production et donc de faible diamètre, il serait impossible de déplacer à l'intérieur de tels tubes des moyens de forage et notamment une tête de forage.In the two systems recalled above, it is a question of coupling production tubes together, some being arranged at the bottom of the well. However, such devices cannot be used for drilling and / or reactivating lateral drains or ramifications of a mother well, it being specified that the devices of the prior art are brought for the production of a well when the ramifications are already drilled. In addition, because these are production tubes and therefore of small diameter, it would be impossible to move inside such tubes drilling means and in particular a drilling head.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier aux inconvénients précités, et de proposer un dispositif qui permette une exploitation normale, lorsque les ramifications sont en service, mais également, auparavant, de pouvoir déposer un tubage perdu susceptible d'être reconnecté en surface de façon à éventuellement réactiver une ou plusieurs d'entre elles après leur mise hors service, sans nécessiter de gros investissements.The object of the present invention is to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks, and to propose a device which allows normal operation, when the ramifications are in service, but also, before, to be able to deposit a lost casing likely to be reconnected on the surface so as to possibly reactivate one or more of them after their decommissioning, without requiring large investments.

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de forage et de mise en production pétrolière d'un puits de forage formé d'un puits mère et d'au moins un puits ramifié débouchant dans ledit puits mère, ledit dispositif comprenant un tube externe disposé dans le puits mère, et il est caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend en outre, au moins un ensemble de dérivation fixé in situ dans ledit tube externe et comportant au moins un tube de dérivation fixe dont l'extrémité inférieure communique avec un puits ramifié.The subject of the present invention is a device for drilling and for producing petroleum in a wellbore formed by a mother well and at least one branched well opening into said mother well, said device comprising an external tube placed in the mother well, and it is characterized in that it further comprises at least one bypass assembly fixed in situ in said external tube and comprising at least one fixed bypass tube whose lower end communicates with a branched well.

Le dispositif selon l'invention permet de forer autant de ramifications que l'ensemble de dérivations comporte de tubes de dérivation. De plus, l'exploitation du gisement est effectuée à travers les tubes de dérivation, le fluide de gisement débouchant directement dans le tube externe lorsque le puits mère ne comporte pas de tubes internes de production.The device according to the invention makes it possible to drill as many ramifications as the set of branches includes branch tubes. In addition, the exploitation of the deposit is carried out through the bypass tubes, the deposit fluid opening directly into the external tube when the mother well does not have internal production tubes.

Il est également possible, à l'aide de moyens annexes, de faire communiquer chacun des tubes de dérivation avec un tube de production ou tous lesdits tubes de dérivation avec un tube unique de production.It is also possible, using auxiliary means, to communicate each of the branch tubes with a production tube or all of said branch tubes with a single production tube.

Selon une autre caractéristique, le dispositif comprend un ensemble de raccordement qui, associé à un ensemble de positionnement, permet de forer et de remettre en service après usage, n'importe quelle ramification et ce grâce à une clavette fixe de l'ensemble de positionnement sur laquelle s'appuie un profil en came de l'ensemble de raccordement.According to another characteristic, the device comprises a connection assembly which, associated with a positioning assembly, makes it possible to drill and return to service after use, any branching, and this thanks to a fixed key of the positioning assembly on which rests a cam profile of the connection assembly.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques ressortiront à la lecture de la description donnée ci-dessous à titre indicatif mais non limitatif d'un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, ainsi que du dessin annexé sur lequel :

  • La figure 1 est une vue en coupe schématique d'un puits de forage comprenant un tube externe et un tube interne de production ;
  • La figure 2 est une vue en coupe en perspective du dispositif selon l'invention ;
  • La figure 3 est une vue en coupe verticale du dispositif selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • La figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un ensemble de raccordement suivant l'invention ;
  • La figure 5 est une vue en coupe suivant A-A de la figure 3 ;
  • La figure 6 est une vue en coupe suivant B-B de la figure 3 ;
  • La figure 7 est une représentation schématique de la tête du tubage perdu.
Other advantages and characteristics will become apparent on reading the description given below by way of indication but not limiting of a preferred embodiment of the invention, as well as the attached drawing in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic sectional view of a wellbore comprising an outer tube and an inner production tube;
  • Figure 2 is a perspective sectional view of the device according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of the device according to an embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a connection assembly according to the invention;
  • Figure 5 is a sectional view along AA of Figure 3;
  • Figure 6 is a sectional view along BB of Figure 3;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic representation of the head of the lost casing.

Un puits d'exploitation pétrolière comprend schématiquement un trou 1 foré dans les couches souterraines 2, à partir de la surface 3 du sol. A l'intérieur du trou 1 est descendu un tube externe 4, l'espace entre la paroi externe du tube 4 et la paroi interne du trou étant rempli par du ciment 5. Un tube de production vertical interne 5a, généralement concentrique au tube externe 4, délimite avec ce dernier un espace annulaire 7. Enfin, à l'extrémité inférieure du tube 4, on prévoit un sabot 6. Le tube externe 4 constitue un puits mère 8, à partir duquel sont forées des ramifications 9, tandis qu'à l'intérieur du tube 4 est disposé tout l'outillage nécessaire à l'exploitation du gisement 10. Tout ceci est bien connu des spécialistes et ne sera pas décrit dans le détail. D'ailleurs, la figure 1 est très schématique et n'est donnée que pour mémoire.An oil exploitation well schematically comprises a hole 1 drilled in the underground layers 2, from the surface 3 of the ground. Inside the hole 1 is lowered an external tube 4, the space between the external wall of the tube 4 and the internal wall of the hole being filled with cement 5. An internal vertical production tube 5a, generally concentric with the external tube 4, delimits with the latter an annular space 7. Finally, at the lower end of the tube 4, a shoe 6 is provided. The external tube 4 constitutes a mother well 8, from which ramifications 9 are drilled, while inside the tube 4 is arranged all the tools necessary for the exploitation of the deposit 10. All this is well known to specialists and will not be described in detail. Moreover, Figure 1 is very schematic and is given only for the record.

Le dispositif selon l'invention, désigné dans son ensemble par la référence 11, est disposé à l'intérieur du tube 4.The device according to the invention, generally designated by the reference 11, is placed inside the tube 4.

Le dispositif comprend essentiellement (figure 2) un ensemble de dérivation comprenant au moins un tube de dérivation et de préférence trois tubes 12, 13, 14, disposés à 120° les uns des autres et dont un, le tube 13 par exemple, est vertical, tandis que les deux autres 12 et 14 présentent chacun une partie verticale 12a, 14a et une partie cintrée 12b, 14b. Le rayon de courbure des parties cintrées 12b et 14b dépend principalement du choix des zones du gisement à atteindre. Dans l'exemple représenté sur les figures, le rayon de courbure est de l'ordre de 140 m. De ce fait, la section 12c, 14c de ces parties 12a et 14a avec le tube externe 4 qu'elles intersectent sont .constituées par de grandes ellipses. La hauteur de l'ensemble de déviation est comprise entre 4 et 5 m.The device essentially comprises (FIG. 2) a bypass assembly comprising at least one bypass tube and preferably three tubes 12, 13, 14, arranged at 120 ° from one another and one of which, the tube 13 for example, is vertical , while the other two 12 and 14 each have a vertical part 12a, 14a and a curved part 12b, 14b. The radius of curvature of the curved parts 12b and 14b depends mainly on the choice of the zones of the deposit to be reached. In the example shown in the figures, the radius of curvature is of the order of 140 m. Therefore, the section 12c, 14c of these parts 12a and 14a with the outer tube 4 which they intersect are .constituted by large ellipses. The height of the deflection assembly is between 4 and 5 m.

Les tubes 12 à 14 sont reliés entre eux par des entretoises 15 et 16, l'entretoise 15 étant constituée par un disque percé de trois trous à 120° ; tandis que les entretoises 16 sont de structure différente pour permettre le guidage et le positionnement des tubes 12 à 14. Chaque entretoise 16 comporte un trou 17 pour le passage du tube 13 et deux encoches latérales 18 pour les tubes 12 et 14. D'autres structures de l'ensemble de dérivation 11 peuvent être envisagées avec ou sans tube de dérivation vertical.The tubes 12 to 14 are connected together by spacers 15 and 16, the spacer 15 being constituted by a disc pierced with three holes at 120 °; while the spacers 16 are of different structure to allow the guidance and positioning of the tubes 12 to 14. Each spacer 16 has a hole 17 for the passage of the tube 13 and two lateral notches 18 for the tubes 12 and 14. Others structures of the bypass assembly 11 can be envisaged with or without a vertical bypass tube.

L'ensemble de dérivation 11 est logé dans le tube externe 4 et soudé à ce dernier par des points de soudure 20 situés au niveau des sections inférieures en forme d'ellipse. Entre les tubes 12 à 14 du ciment est injecté à travers un orifice supérieur 21 ménagé dans le tube externe 4, de manière à remplir l'espace compris entre lesdits tubes et de réaliser ainsi un ensemble compact rigide, fixe et solidaire dudit tube externe 4. Le ciment en excédent s'évacue par un orifice 22 ménagé à la base du tube 4, au-dessous des sections elliptiques des tubes 12 à 14. Un ensemble sabot 6 est fixé au tube 4 par une soudure 23 de façon que le tube vertical 13 débouche dans un alésage 6a.The bypass assembly 11 is housed in the outer tube 4 and welded to the latter by welding points 20 located at the level of the lower sections in the shape of an ellipse. Between the tubes 12 to 14, cement is injected through an upper orifice 21 formed in the external tube 4, so as to fill the space comprised between the said tubes and thus to produce a rigid, fixed, fixed assembly integral with the said external tube 4 The excess cement is discharged through an orifice 22 formed at the base of the tube 4, below the elliptical sections of the tubes 12 to 14. A shoe assembly 6 is fixed to the tube 4 by a weld 23 so that the tube vertical 13 opens into a bore 6a.

Au-dessus de l'ensemble de dérivation et à l'intérieur du tube 4, est disposé et fixé par soudure un réceptacle 24 comprenant autant d'alésages que l'ensemble de dérivation 11 comprend de tubes. Dans l'exemple représenté sur la figure 3, le réceptacle 24 comprend trois alésages 25, 26, 27 disposés à 120° les uns desAbove the bypass assembly and inside the tube 4, is arranged and fixed by welding a receptacle 24 comprising as many bores as the bypass assembly 11 comprises tubes. In the example shown in Figure 3, the receptacle 24 includes three bores 25, 26, 27 arranged at 120 ° from each other

autres et dans lesquels débouchent les parties supérieures ou têtes des tubes 12 à 14 respectivement dont seules les têtes 12a et 14a sont visibles sur la figure 3. Les tubes 12 à 14 sont soudés au réceptacle 24 par des points de soudure 19.others and into which the upper parts or heads of the tubes 12 to 14 open respectively, of which only the heads 12a and 14a are visible in FIG. 3. The tubes 12 to 14 are welded to the receptacle 24 by welding points 19.

Un ensemble de positionnement 18 est également fixé par soudure à l'intérieur du tube 4, et comprend une clavette de positionnement 29, qui est orientée de façon appropriée par rapport au réceptacle 24.A positioning assembly 18 is also fixed by welding inside the tube 4, and comprises a positioning key 29, which is oriented in an appropriate manner with respect to the receptacle 24.

L'ensemble de dérivation 11, le réceptacle 24 et l'ensemble de positionnement 28 restent à demeure dans le tube 4, pendant toute la vie du puits de forage.The bypass assembly 11, the receptacle 24 and the positioning assembly 28 remain permanently in the tube 4, throughout the life of the wellbore.

Pour le forage, l'activation et/ou la réactivation d'une ou plusieurs des ramifications 9 du puits de forage qui aurait été mise hors service, l'invention prévoit d'utiliser un ensemble de raccordement mobile 30 représenté sur la figure 4.For drilling, activating and / or reactivating one or more of the ramifications 9 of the wellbore which has been taken out of service, the invention provides for using a mobile connection assembly 30 shown in FIG. 4.

L'ensemble de raccordement 30 comprend un corps externe 31 dans lequel est ménagée une rampe hélicoïdale 32 sur laquelle s'appuie la clavette 29 pendant la rotation dudit ensemble de raccordement 30 jusqu'à ce que ladite clavette 29 parvienne dans une gorge de guidage 33 ménagée dans le corps 31. L'ensemble de raccordement 30 comprend également une partie interne 34 dans laquelle sont ménagés des alésages pour le logement de tubes de raccordement 35, 36, 37. Le tube 35 est par exemple raccordé au tube de production ou au riser du puits de forage par sa partie supérieure et comprend à sa partie inférieure une extension ou prolongateur creux 38, muni de joints d'étanchéité annulaires 39. L'extrémité inférieure de l'extension 38 est de forme conique pour permettre une introduction aisée dans l'alésage correspondant du réceptacle 24. Les extrémités inférieures des deux autres tubes 36 et 37 sont prolongées par deux bouchons pleins 40 munis également de joints annulaires d'étanchéité 41, lesquels bouchons présentent chacun une extrémité conique pour un positionnement aisé dans les alésages correspondants du réceptacle 24. Du fait du raccordement effectué, il va de soi que les tubes 35 à 37 sont également disposés à 120° les uns des autres.The connection assembly 30 comprises an external body 31 in which a helical ramp 32 is formed on which the key 29 rests during the rotation of said connection assembly 30 until said key 29 reaches a guide groove 33 formed in the body 31. The connection assembly 30 also includes an internal part 34 in which are provided bores for housing connection tubes 35, 36, 37. The tube 35 is for example connected to the production tube or to the riser of the wellbore from its upper part and comprises at its lower part a hollow extension or extension 38, provided with annular seals 39. The lower end of the extension 38 is conical in shape to allow easy introduction into the corresponding bore of the receptacle 24. The lower ends of the two other tubes 36 and 37 are extended by two solid plugs 40 also provided with annular seals 41, the squels caps each have a conical end for easy positioning in the corresponding bores of the receptacle 24. Due to the connection made, it goes without saying that the tubes 35 to 37 are also arranged at 120 ° from each other.

Dans l'exemple représenté, c'est le tube déviateur 12 qui est raccordé au tube de production ou au riser du puits de forage, les deux autres tubes 13 et 14 étant obstrués par les bouchons 40.In the example shown, it is the deflection tube 12 which is connected to the production tube or to the riser of the wellbore, the other two tubes 13 and 14 being obstructed by the plugs 40.

Lors de la mise en place du dispositif décrit ci-dessus dans le puits mère 8, on bouche deux des tubes de dérivation de manière à empêcher les boues et surtout les déblais de remonter dans le réceptacle 24 d'une part, et d'assurer une cimentation complète du tubage externe 4 à partir de son extrémité inférieure d'autre part. Le positionnement de l'ensemble de raccordement 30 dans les tubes de dérivation bouchés ne nécessite pas de joints annulaires d'étanchéité 41 de manière à permettre l'introduction de bouchons 40 dans le réceptacle 24. Par contre, lorsque les ramifications 9 sont forées, les joints annulaires 41 per-- mettent de les isoler.During the installation of the device described above in the mother well 8, two of the bypass tubes are plugged so as to prevent the sludge and especially the cuttings from going back into the receptacle 24 on the one hand, and ensuring complete cementing of the external casing 4 from its lower end on the other hand. The positioning of the connection assembly 30 in the blocked branch tubes does not require annular seals 41 so as to allow the introduction of plugs 40 into the receptacle 24. On the other hand, when the ramifications 9 are drilled, the annular seals 41 allow to isolate them.

Le forage d'une ramification 9 est effectué en choisissant la position du prolongateur 38 et du tube 35 relié à la surface sur l'ensemble de raccordement 30, et en introduisant un train de tiges de forage, non représenté, dans ledit tube 35. Le train de tiges passe à travers le prolongateur 38 et le tube de dérivation correspondant à la ramification à forer.The drilling of a branch 9 is carried out by choosing the position of the extension 38 and of the tube 35 connected to the surface on the connection assembly 30, and by introducing a drill string, not shown, into said tube 35. The drill string passes through the extension 38 and the bypass tube corresponding to the branch to be drilled.

Après le forage, on procède, si on le désire, à la mise en place à demeure, d'un tubage perdu ou liner 42 dans chaque ramification forée. Le tubage perdu 42 sert à éviter l'éboulement des parois de la ramification et il est muni d'une tête de dépose et de raccordement 43 de manière à permettre, le cas échéant, de se reconnecter sur le tubage perdu. La tête 43 du tubage perdu est située, au-dessus des extrémités supérieures 12a à 14a des tubes de dérivation et dans une partie inférieure 25a de l'alésage correspondant 25 du réceptacle 24. L'alésage 25 comprend une partie de plus grand diamètre 25b pour la réception du prolongateur 38. Il est à noter que la partie de plus petit diamètre 25a peut servir également à la mise en place au câble d'un outil de contrôle, au-dessus de la tête du tubage perdu.After drilling, one proceeds, if desired, to the permanent placement of a lost casing or liner 42 in each branched bore. The lost tubing 42 serves to avoid the collapse of the walls of the branch and is provided with a removal and connection head 43 so as to allow, if necessary, to reconnect to the lost tubing. The head 43 of the lost tubing is located, above the upper ends 12a to 14a of the branch tubes and in a lower part 25a of the corresponding bore 25 of the receptacle 24. The bore 25 comprises a portion of larger diameter 25b for the reception of the extension 38. It should be noted that the part of smaller diameter 25a can also be used for fitting a control tool to the cable, above the head of the lost casing.

Pour la complétion du puits de forage mère, on retire l'ensemble de raccordement 30, le fluide de gisement s'écoulant à travers les tubes de dérivation qu'on souhaite mettre en service et les autres parties fixes du dispositif.For the completion of the mother wellbore, the connection assembly 30 is removed, the reservoir fluid flowing through the bypass tubes that it is desired to put into service and the other fixed parts of the device.

Pour une réactivation d'une ramification qui aurait été mise hors service, on redescend l'ensemble de raccordement 30 convenablement équipé à cet effet.To reactivate a branch that would have been taken out of service, the connection assembly 30 is lowered suitably equipped for this purpose.

Il va de soi que toute opération devant affecter l'une des ramifications 9, l'ensemble de raccordement 30 est descendu comme décrit précédemment.It goes without saying that any operation having to affect one of the ramifications 9, the connection assembly 30 is lowered as described above.

Un autre avantage de la présente invention est que toutes les extrémités supérieures des tubes de dérivation sont à la même cote dans le puits de forage mère, permettant une grande facilité de connexion mécanique. De plus, l'extraction du fluide de gisement peut être effectuée à travers un ou plusieurs des tubes de dérivation tout en faisant des mesures statiques sur les autres tubes de dérivations.Another advantage of the present invention is that all the upper ends of the branch tubes are at the same level in the mother wellbore, allowing great ease of mechanical connection. In addition, the extraction of the reservoir fluid can be carried out through one or more of the branch tubes while making static measurements on the other branch tubes.

Claims (10)

1. Drilling and oil production device of a drilling well formed by a parent well (8) and at least one branched well (9) opening into said parent well, said device comprising an external tube (4), a fixed receptacle (24) and a movable connecting unit (30) which can be aligned with said fixed receptacle, characterised in that it consists of a branching unit (11) fixed in situ in said external tube (4), comprising several branch tubes (12 to 14) of which at least one is connected, via its lower end, with a branched well, the space between said branch tubes (12 to 14) and the internal wall of the external tube (4) being filled with cement in the form of a compact and rigid block, and in that the upper ends of the tubes open into borings provided in said receptacle (24).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the connecting unit comprises at least three hollow extension pieces (38) of which one can be arranged at one of its ends in one of the branch tubes and with the other end in contact with the surface of the drilling well, and a means of sealing (41) the other branch tube(s).
3. Device according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the connecting unit comprises a guide (32) for a positioning unit (28) arranged between said connecting and branch units, the positioning unit being arranged above the branch unit in such a way that the extension piece is introduced into the appropriate branch tube.
4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that the positioning unit comprises a fixed key (29) and passages in which the extension piece and the sealing means of the connecting unit can move, and in that the guide consists of a cam profile (32) which moves on said fixed key when the connecting unit rotates on the positioning unit.
5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the branch device consists of two branch tubes and a vertical tube which are arranged at 120° to each other.
6. Device according to claim 3 or claim 4, characterised in that the sealing means consists of plugs (41) extending from the bottom of the connecting unit, the ends of said plugs being introduced into the tubes which are to be sealed and having sealing means.
7. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the tubes of the branch unit are connected to each other by connecting members of which at least one is arranged at the lower end of said tubes.
8. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that in each branch there is a lost casing (42). 9. Device according to claim 8, characterised in that each lost casing (42) consists of a removal and connecting head (43), said head being situated above the upper ends (12a to 14a) of the branch tubes (12 to 14).
EP84401719A 1983-08-31 1984-08-27 Device for drilling a multidrain oil well and for putting it into production Expired EP0136935B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8313981 1983-08-31
FR8313981A FR2551491B1 (en) 1983-08-31 1983-08-31 MULTIDRAIN OIL DRILLING AND PRODUCTION DEVICE

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EP0136935A1 EP0136935A1 (en) 1985-04-10
EP0136935B1 true EP0136935B1 (en) 1987-03-04

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EP (1) EP0136935B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS6073995A (en)
AU (1) AU559309B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1220416A (en)
DE (1) DE3462534D1 (en)
EG (1) EG16681A (en)
ES (1) ES8505018A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2551491B1 (en)
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US4573541A (en) 1986-03-04
NO843445L (en) 1985-03-01
ES535548A0 (en) 1985-05-16
ES8505018A1 (en) 1985-05-16
OA07805A (en) 1986-11-20
EG16681A (en) 1989-06-30
FR2551491A1 (en) 1985-03-08
DE3462534D1 (en) 1987-04-09
CA1220416A (en) 1987-04-14
NO162527B (en) 1989-10-02
AU559309B2 (en) 1987-03-05
NO162527C (en) 1990-01-10
EP0136935A1 (en) 1985-04-10
FR2551491B1 (en) 1986-02-28
JPS6073995A (en) 1985-04-26
AU3255184A (en) 1985-03-07

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