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EP0124695B2 - Clamp and sleeve for such a clamp - Google Patents

Clamp and sleeve for such a clamp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0124695B2
EP0124695B2 EP84101952A EP84101952A EP0124695B2 EP 0124695 B2 EP0124695 B2 EP 0124695B2 EP 84101952 A EP84101952 A EP 84101952A EP 84101952 A EP84101952 A EP 84101952A EP 0124695 B2 EP0124695 B2 EP 0124695B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mouth
clamp
cable
contact
flanks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84101952A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0124695A1 (en
EP0124695B1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Dipl.-Ing. Büchele
Karl Kübler
Dieter Dipl.-Ing. Gerlach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pfisterer Kontaktsysteme GmbH
Original Assignee
Karl Pfisterer Elektrorechnische Spezialartikel GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25808521&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0124695(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Karl Pfisterer Elektrorechnische Spezialartikel GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Karl Pfisterer Elektrorechnische Spezialartikel GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT84101952T priority Critical patent/ATE25171T1/en
Priority to DE19848408970 priority patent/DE8408970U1/en
Publication of EP0124695A1 publication Critical patent/EP0124695A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0124695B1 publication Critical patent/EP0124695B1/en
Publication of EP0124695B2 publication Critical patent/EP0124695B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R9/00Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
    • H01R9/03Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections
    • H01R9/031Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections for multiphase cables, e.g. with contact members penetrating insulation of a plurality of conductors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01RELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R9/00Structural associations of a plurality of mutually-insulated electrical connecting elements, e.g. terminal strips or terminal blocks; Terminals or binding posts mounted upon a base or in a case; Bases therefor
    • H01R9/03Connectors arranged to contact a plurality of the conductors of a multiconductor cable, e.g. tapping connections

Definitions

  • the invention enters a clamp according to the preamble of claim 1 and a sleeve with such a clamp according to the preamble of claim 6 and is based on EP-Al-0 021 550.
  • An insulating plate is also arranged in a known terminal of the type mentioned at the beginning (EP-A-0 021-550) in the plane defined by the parting plane of the associated sleeve between the insulated wires, although the contact body of this terminal is one of the receptacles for the wires to be contacted have serving mouth, which has at least in the area of its one mouth flank to penetrate the wire insulation made of plastic and to be able to contact the wire penetrating element. Not only because of the insulating plate to be inserted between the wires, the section of the cable on which this must be stripped is also relatively long.
  • the cable consists of four insulated wires
  • two terminals arranged in the longitudinal direction at a distance from one another in the sleeve are required because only two wires can be contacted with each terminal.
  • the wires are contacted after the two-part sleeve housing is closed, which is provided with openings from which an electrically insulating bolt first looks out, the longitudinal axis of which is perpendicular to the plane defined by the insulating plate and which is connected to the contact body at the end facing the insulating plate is which is slidably guided in the longitudinal direction of the bolt in the terminal body and the mouth of which is open towards the plate and aligned with the assigned wire.
  • the bolt is driven against the insulating plate with a hammer, the mouth picking up and making contact with the assigned wire.
  • the conductor to be connected is contacted.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a clamp of the type mentioned, for its attachment to the cable this must be sheathed on a shorter length than in the known terminals.
  • the clamp according to the invention therefore allows the use of smaller and therefore cheaper sleeves, which also leads to a considerable saving in the resin required for pouring the sleeve. Due to the significantly lower resin requirement, it is possible to use a higher quality resin, which leads to a better seal against the penetration of moisture.
  • the clamp according to the invention is significantly less sensitive to the ingress of moisture, because much longer creepage distances can be achieved without increasing the dimensions of the clamp. This is possible due to the more favorable location of those locations with regard to the length of the creepage distance where the wire insulation has to be penetrated.
  • the mouth is preferably designed to be elastically expandable in order to ensure that a sufficiently high contact pressure is maintained.
  • the elastic deformability required for this can be provided by the contact body, provided that it forms the entire mouth including both jaw flanks. In those cases in which the contact body forms only a part of the mouth and in particular only a single mouth flank, the elastic deformability need not only have the contact body. In this case, other parts of the clamp, for example the clamp body supporting the two jaw flanks, are also possible.
  • the other jaw flank with its element or elements is made of Penetration of the wire insulation made of an electrically insulating material.
  • This electrically insulating jaw flank can be formed in one piece with the terminal body or a part thereof.
  • the claim 6 relates to a sleeve with a clamp in which not only by the design of the clamp, but also by the design of the sleeve housing can achieve a space-saving design in addition to simple assembly, thereby also reducing costs.
  • the sleeve housing could surround the clamp and a cable section adjoining it on both sides at a distance, as is the case with the known sleeves, but because of the much shorter piece of cable on which the wires of the cable must be laid to attach the clamp can, nevertheless, a considerable space saving compared to the known sleeves and thus a reduction in the costs for the sleeve housing and the cast resin to be filled in this would be achieved.
  • an even smaller space requirement and in particular a simpler assembly because of the positioning of the sleeve housing with the aid of the clamp body can be achieved by using the features of claim 6.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 is a connection terminal for connecting one branch conductor 1 to each of the conductors 2 of a four-conductor cable in a power supply network.
  • the cable sheath 4 In order to be able to mount the clamp, the cable sheath 4 must be removed over a length which is somewhat greater than the length of the clamp, but is considerably shorter than in the known connecting clamp for such cables.
  • a spreading of the conductors 2 and in particular an insertion of insulating plates or insulating wedges between the conductors 2 is not necessary in order to be able to properly connect the branch conductors 1 to the associated conductors 2 with the aid of the connecting terminal, which can be done under voltage, as in the known connecting terminals.
  • the connecting terminal has two identically designed clamp body parts 5, which consist of an electrically insulating plastic and together form the ring-like, centrally divided clamp body.
  • the continuous from one to the other flat end face 6 of the terminal body central channel is formed by a semi-cylindrical groove 7 and its diameter is adapted to the diameter of the cable without a cable jacket, as can be seen in FIG. 3.
  • a pressure is not exerted on the insulation 3 of the conductors 2 by the wall of the semi-cylindrical grooves 7 when the two clamp body parts 5 are pulled onto a block, that is to say with their flat side 8 facing the other clamp body part 5.
  • a thin insulating material wedge projects into the two channels 7 and penetrates between the wires to be received by the assigned channel and is formed in one piece with the clamp body part forming the channel.
  • Fig. 2 shows, at the same distance from the two flat end faces 6.
  • the head of the clamping screws 9 and the nuts in which the clamping screws engage are recessed in the clamp body part 5, but are accessible from the cylinder-like outside 10 of the clamp body part.
  • the two clamp body parts 5 are provided with two pocket-like depressions 11 which are open to the side 8 and to the channel 7 and are delimited to the two flat end faces 6 by walls 12 parallel to these.
  • the depressions 11 are delimited by a cylindrically curved contact surface 13 which, on the one hand, extends as far as the channel 7 and, on the other hand, adjoins a flat boundary surface 14.
  • the clamp body part 5 is provided with an opening 15 which enables access from the outside 10 to the recess 11.
  • the two clamp bodies 5 are each provided with two channels running parallel to the channel formed by the channels 7, which open into the recesses 11 and serve to receive one of the branch conductors 1 each.
  • the depressions 11 are offset from one another in the longitudinal direction of the channel 7, namely by an amount which is greater than the sum of the length of the depression 11 measured in the axial direction and the diameter of the bores accommodating the tensioning screws 9.
  • the middle zone of the clamp body parts 5, which is free from the depressions 11 and contains the bores for the tensioning screws 9, is approximately as long as the axial length of one of the depressions 11.
  • the two depressions 11, as also shown in FIG. 1 offset in the circumferential direction of the channel 7 to such an extent that both adjoin the longitudinal center plane of the clamp body part 5 which is perpendicular to the side 8.
  • each of the depressions 11 there is a contact body 16 made of an electrically highly conductive material.
  • the contact bodies 16 are all of the same design. They are delimited on the two end faces facing the walls 12 of the recess 11 by flat surfaces and have an axial length measured from one end to the other, which is less than the axial length of the recess only by the play required for mobility in the recess 11.
  • each of the contact bodies 16 forms a mouth 17.
  • One flank 18 has the shape of a wedge with a rounded cutting edge.
  • this flank 18 forms two or three teeth 19 of identical design, which extend from the base 20 of the mouth 17 with at least approximately the same height to the free end of the flank 18.
  • the cutting edges of these teeth 19 define a plane which forms an angle of more than 90 ° with the base of the mouth 20.
  • the other flank 21 of the mouth 17 is formed by one leg of an angled arm, designated as a whole by 22, the other leg of which partially forms the base of the mouth 20.
  • the angle that these two legs enclose is slightly less than 90 °.
  • the free end section of the flank 21 tapers like a wedge, the cutting edge of the wedge being rounded.
  • the flank 21, like the flank 18, has two to three teeth 23 which, like the teeth 19, are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the groove 7 and extend over part of the length of the flank 21 up to its free end. 2, the height of the teeth 23 initially increases towards the free end and then decreases again in the wedge-shaped end section.
  • the side surface of the mouth 17 defined by the cutting of the teeth 23 does not lie parallel to the other side surface in the exemplary embodiment, but rather approaches it slightly towards the free end of the mouth.
  • flank 21 In contrast to the flank 18, the flank 21 allows an elastic deformation in the sense of an expansion of the mouth 17.
  • the elastic expansion of the mouth 17 is supported not only by the longer length of the flank 21 compared to the flank 18, but also by the exception of the end section constant thickness of the flank 21 and the section of the arm 22 which adjoins it and partially forms the base 20 of the mouth 17.
  • the mouth width is smaller than the dimension of the core 2 'of one of the conductors 2, measured at the transition from the two flat inner sides to the cylindrically curved outer side, and so much smaller that the widening of the mouth by one elastic deformation of the arm 22 is so great that the teeth 19 and 23 press against the soul 2 'with the desired contact pressure when the conductor is inserted into the mouth 7 and the teeth 19 and 23 have not only cut through the insulation 3, but also have also penetrated into the core 2 'in the two opposite areas, which are present from the rounded corner zones at the transition from the two inner sides to the cylindrically curved outer side, as shown in FIG. 3.
  • This figure further shows that the height of the teeth 19 and 23 is chosen so large that after penetration of the insulation 3 they penetrate into the soul 2 'to the desired extent and the size of the contact surface.
  • segment conductors can be contacted with the help of the contact bodies 16, but also round conductors, provided that their diameter lies in the area in which the dimension of the contactable segment conductors, measured between the two outer corner zones, lies. The size of this area depends on the elastic expandability of the mouth 17.
  • the flank 18 and the arm 22 adjoin the central section of the contact body 16, which, like the flank 18 on the side facing away from the mouth 17, is delimited by a cylindrically curved surface 24, the curvature of which bears on the curvature of the contact surface 13 of the depression 11 is adjusted.
  • the contact body 16 is therefore rotatable about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the groove 7 in the recess 11 relative to the terminal body part 5. So that the contact body 16 does not emerge from the depression 11 during this rotation, the angle which the outside of the material section 18 forms with that of the flank 21 is less than 90 °.
  • the middle section of the contact body 16 is provided with a through bore 25 lying parallel to the mouth 17, into which a threaded bore, which runs perpendicularly thereto, opens, in which a clamping screw 26 is guided.
  • the end of the clamping screw 26 facing away from the through bore 25 points against the opening 15. Therefore, the clamping screw 26 can be actuated from the outside, so that it is also possible to connect the branch conductor 1 only when the terminal body is already closed, or the branch conductor 1 to detach from the contact body 16.
  • the free end of the flank 18 lies on the insulation 3 in the region of the one outer corner zone, while the flank 21 on the insulation 3 is at a distance from the other outer corner zone. If the two clamp body parts 5 are now moved towards one another by tightening the clamping screws 9, the teeth 19 of the flank 18 begin to cut into the insulation 3. As a result, the free end of the flank 21 approaches the other corner zone, but does not cut into the insulation 3 there until this corner zone has almost been reached. During the further movement of the two clamp body parts 5 against one another, the contact bodies 16 execute a rotary movement in the depressions 11. As a result, the free end of the flank 21 approaches the longitudinal center line of the cable.
  • the terminal body parts 5 are removed again. In this case, however, slots must be provided in the terminal body parts 5 for the branch conductors 1, unless a connection is only possible after the contact bodies have been attached.
  • the contact bodies 16 can then be covered by means of a sleeve, which is poured out, for example, with casting resin.
  • the outer jaw flanks 521 are formed by the contact bodies 516.
  • the inner jaw flanks 518 consist of electrically insulating material and are formed by the two clamp body parts 505.
  • the latter each have a centrally arranged partition walls 505 ", which protrudes into the cable receiving channel and stands vertically on the dividing surface, which engage in the assembled state between the adjacent wires.
  • the tooth-shaped elements 519 which penetrate the wire insulation, are molded onto the base of these partition walls 505" Form elements of the inner mouth flank.
  • the contact bodies 516 are rotatably mounted in the terminal body about an axis running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cable receiving channel.
  • the contact bodies 516 are offset from one another in the longitudinal direction of the cable receiving channel, as a result of which long creepage distances are also achieved with this terminal.
  • the insulation of the wires is not under a pressure load which would lead to the wire insulation flowing.
  • FIG. 5 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the sleeve according to the invention with the clamp according to the invention.
  • the clamp designated as a whole as 31, as shown in FIG. 5, the wires 32 of the main cable 33 need only be exposed in one piece. that not we is considerably longer than the terminal 31 in the axial direction.
  • the clamp 31, which is designed like one of the clamps described above or below, has a clamp body divided in the middle, the two clamp body parts clamped together in the assembled state being designated by 34 and 35.
  • the terminal 31 connects one of the wires 36 of the branch cable 37 to one of the wires 32.
  • the sleeve housing designated as a whole by 38 and made of the same plastic as the clamp body parts 34 and 35, is divided in the longitudinal direction like the clamp body, the division plane coinciding with the division plane of the clamp body. Screws 39 hold the upper part 38 'of the sleeve housing together with the lower part 38 "on both long sides. However, the two parts 38' and 38" of the sleeve housing are also held together by the clamp body parts 34 and 35, since the upper part on the clamp body part 34 along which an edge extending in the circumferential direction is formed on the latter. Correspondingly, the lower part 38 "is molded onto the clamp body part 35.
  • the sleeve housing 38 tapers conically up to the insertion opening for the cable 33, which is aligned with the clamp channel of the clamp 31, and whose inside diameter is somewhat larger than the outside diameter of the Cable 33, since an annular seal 40 is to be provided in the region of the insertion opening, which seals the insertion opening together with the cable 33.
  • the lower part 38 '' of the sleeve housing 38 is in Area between the terminal 31 and an inwardly open annular groove drawn towards the main cable 33.
  • a sealing body 43 In the annular groove there is a sealing body 43 with through openings for the main cable 33 and the branch cable 37.
  • the upper part 38 ′ of the sleeve housing 38 has that above the main cable Area a much greater distance from the main cable than the lower part 38 ′′, because here a filler opening 44 for the casting resin is provided on the sleeve housing, with which the sleeve housing is poured out after assembly, and a vent opening 45.
  • the two parts 38 'and 38 "of the clamp body 38 must be provided with windows which allow access to the screws of the clamp because of their molding to the clamp body parts 34 and 35, however, these windows can be closed without difficulty before the resin is introduced Due to the shaping of the clamp body parts, the socket housing 38 is inevitably positioned correctly, which considerably simplifies assembly and allows the dimensions of the socket housing to be kept to a minimum without endangering reliable protection of the clamp and in particular of the contact surfaces produced with it.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6 differs from that according to FIGS. 1 to 3 only by a different movement of its contact bodies 116 relative to the terminal body during the bringing together of the two terminal body parts 105, for example by tightening the clamping screws 109 during assembly, but not only the clamping screws, but also the insulating material wedges penetrating between the wires, which are molded onto the terminal body parts, as in the first embodiment, the terminal body parts.
  • the contact bodies 116 move in a straight line in a path that runs parallel to a surface tangent to the cable.
  • the depressions 111 therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, have a flat contact surface 113 for the rear side 124 of the contact body 116, which also forms the entire mouth.
  • a lateral stop surface 113 'of the recess 111 limits the displaceability of the contact body 116 in the recess 111.
  • the position of the contact body 116 in the recess at the beginning of the assembly process is indicated by dash-dotted lines.
  • the contact bodies 116 are arranged offset in relation to one another in the two clamp body parts 105, as described in connection with the first exemplary embodiment and shown in FIG. 1.
  • the contact bodies 216 completely form the mouth receiving the wire to be contacted.
  • the essential difference compared to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 3 and 6 is that the contact bodies 216 do not move during assembly relative to the terminal body part 205 which receives them and therefore sit in the recesses 211 without play or at least without any noticeable play, which are provided in an insulating body 205 'of the terminal body parts 205, which are otherwise made of metal.
  • the contact bodies 216 form a mouth 217 which is open towards the parting plane of the terminal body.
  • the outer jaw flank 221 is longer than the inner jaw flank 218.
  • the jaw opening is also directed towards the center of the cable. The greater length of the outer mouth flank 221 enables a certain elasticity of the mouth to be achieved in a simple manner.
  • the insulating body 205 ' is provided with a centrally arranged partition 205 "which penetrates between two adjacent wires during assembly and which leads to an extension of the creepage distances.
  • the contact elements 219 and 223, which are designed as cutting edges and are formed on the jaw flanks 218 and 221, can be arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of the cable receiving channel, as shown in FIG. 8.
  • the positions of the contact elements of the contact bodies arranged in the other terminal body part are also shown in FIG. 8 with dashed lines.
  • a clamp can also be designed in a corresponding manner for a three-core cable.
  • the terminal body could then consist of three terminal body parts, each containing a contact body. It would also be possible, for example, to arrange only one contact body in each of the two parts of a two-part terminal body and to contact only two of the four wires of a cable with these opposite contact bodies. Furthermore, it would be possible to arrange the contact bodies in the insulating body so as to be displaceable against the parting plane of the terminal body and, after clamping the terminal body parts together, to bring the contact bodies into their end position by means of a screw, in which their mouth receives the wire to be contacted. This screw could also be the clamping screw by means of which the branch conductor is clamped.
  • FIG. 9 An exemplary embodiment, in which the contact bodies 316 are arranged so as to be longitudinally displaceable in the terminal body part 305 which receives them, is shown in FIG. 9.
  • the contact bodies 316 which are designed in principle like the contact bodies 216, protrude from the terminal body and, after the terminal body parts are inserted into them final position on the cable have been pressed against the center of the cable by means of a press, the wires entering the mouth 317 of the associated contact body 316 and being contacted by the cutting edges provided on the two jaw flanks and extending in the direction of movement after these cutting edges have previously cut through the wire insulation.
  • two mutually facing insulating wedges which are assigned to the two clamp body parts, penetrate between the wires.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 differs from that according to FIGS. 10 and 11 essentially only in that the contact bodies 416 only form the inner jaw flank 418 with the contact element 419 in the form of one or more cutting edges lying next to one another in the longitudinal direction of the cable receiving channel.
  • the outer mouth flank 421 with its tooth-shaped elements 423 consists of an electrically insulating material.
  • the elements 423 as shown in FIG. 10, adjoin the parting plane of the terminal body, so that the mouth, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8, is also open towards the cable center.
  • the elements 423 are molded onto the insulating body 405 ′ of the clamp body part 405, specifically where the flanges extending outward are attached.
  • the outer jaw flank 423 is thus formed by part of the insulating body 405 '. But it would also be possible to provide a body separate from the insulating body to form the outer mouth flank. In this case, it would be advantageous to combine that of the opposite mouth with this jaw flank. To position the mouth flank, this could be formed on a thin plate, which is inserted between the wires according to plate 227 of the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8. Furthermore, it would also be possible to form the inner jaw flank from electrically insulating material and to mold its teeth, for example, to the dividing wall 405 ". The outer jaw flank to be formed by the contact body would then have to extend to approximately the position in which in FIG. 10 the elements 423 lie.
  • two thin insulating plates can be arranged in the parting plane of the terminal body, which are indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 10 and are comparable to the insulating plate 227 of the terminal according to FIG. 7.

Landscapes

  • Cable Accessories (AREA)
  • Connections By Means Of Piercing Elements, Nuts, Or Screws (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betritt eine Klemme gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1 sowie eine Muffe mit einer derartiken Klemme gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 6 und geht von der EP-Al -0 021 550 aus.The invention enters a clamp according to the preamble of claim 1 and a sleeve with such a clamp according to the preamble of claim 6 and is based on EP-Al-0 021 550.

Die meisten bekannten Klemmen zum Anschließen elektrischer Leiter an ein mehradriges, die isolierten Adern in konzentrischer Anordnung zu Kabellängsachse aufweisendes Kabel eines Energieversorgungsnetzes, die auch als Kabelklemmringe bezeichnet werden, benötigen mit Schneiden versehene Isolierkeile oder Isolierplatten, welche zwischen die Adern eingeführt werden müssen, um zu verhindern, daß infolge des Druckes, welcher von den Kontaktkörpern auf die Adern ausgeübt wird, deren Isolation wegfließt, weil hierdurch die Isolierung beeinträchtigt und der Kontaktdruck in unzulässiger Weise abnehmen würde. Um die Keile oder Platten zwischen die Adern einführen zu können, muß das Kabel auf einem Relativ langen Stück abgemantelt werden. Dies führt zu einer relativ großen Muffe und einer großen Gießharzmenge zum Ausgießen der Muffe.Most known terminals for connecting electrical conductors to a multi-core cable of an energy supply network, which have the insulated cores in a concentric arrangement to the longitudinal axis of the cable, which are also referred to as cable clamping rings, require cutting-provided insulating wedges or insulating plates, which have to be inserted between the cores in order to prevent that due to the pressure exerted by the contact bodies on the wires, the insulation flows away, because this would impair the insulation and the contact pressure would decrease in an unacceptable manner. In order to be able to insert the wedges or plates between the wires, the cable must be stripped on a relatively long piece. This leads to a relatively large sleeve and a large amount of resin for pouring the sleeve.

Eine Isolierplatte ist auch bei einer bekannten Klemme der eingangs genannten Art (EP-A-0 021-550) in der durch die Teilungsebene der zugehörigen Muffe definierten Ebene zwischen den isolierten Adern angeordnet, obwohl die Kontaktkörper dieser Klemme ein der Aufnahme der zu kontaktierenden Adern dienendes Maul aufweisen, das wenigstens im Bereich seiner einen Maulflanke ein die aus Kunststoff bestehende Aderisolation zu durchdringen und die Ader zu kontaktieren vermögendes DurchdringElement hat. Nicht nurwegen der zwischen die Adern einzuführenden Isolierplatte ist der Abschnitt des Kabels, auf dem dieses abgemantelt werden muß, ebenfalls relativ lang. Besteht, wie dies üblicherweise der Fall ist, das Kabel aus vier isolierten Adern, dann werden zwei in Aderlängsrichtung im Abstand voneinander in der Muffe angeordnete Klemmen benötigt, weil mit jeder Klemme nur zwei Adern kontaktiert werden können. Die Kontaktierung der Adern erfolgt nach dem Schließen des zweiteiligen Muffengehäuses, das mit Öffnungen versehen ist, aus denen zunächst ein elektrisch isolierender Bolzen herausschaut, dessen Längsachse lotrecht auf der durch die Isolierplatte definierten Ebene steht und der an dem der Isolierplatte zugekehrten Ende mit dem Kontaktkörper verbunden ist, welcher in Längsrichtung des Bolzens verschiebbar im Klemmenkörper geführt ist und dessen Maul zur Platte hin offen sowie auf die zugeordnete Ader ausgerichtet ist. Der Bolzen wird mit einem Hammer gegen die Isolierplatte getrieben, wobei das Maul die zugeordnete Ader aufnimmt und kontaktiert. Gleichzeitig wird auch der anzuschließende Leiter kontaktiert.An insulating plate is also arranged in a known terminal of the type mentioned at the beginning (EP-A-0 021-550) in the plane defined by the parting plane of the associated sleeve between the insulated wires, although the contact body of this terminal is one of the receptacles for the wires to be contacted have serving mouth, which has at least in the area of its one mouth flank to penetrate the wire insulation made of plastic and to be able to contact the wire penetrating element. Not only because of the insulating plate to be inserted between the wires, the section of the cable on which this must be stripped is also relatively long. If, as is usually the case, the cable consists of four insulated wires, then two terminals arranged in the longitudinal direction at a distance from one another in the sleeve are required because only two wires can be contacted with each terminal. The wires are contacted after the two-part sleeve housing is closed, which is provided with openings from which an electrically insulating bolt first looks out, the longitudinal axis of which is perpendicular to the plane defined by the insulating plate and which is connected to the contact body at the end facing the insulating plate is which is slidably guided in the longitudinal direction of the bolt in the terminal body and the mouth of which is open towards the plate and aligned with the assigned wire. The bolt is driven against the insulating plate with a hammer, the mouth picking up and making contact with the assigned wire. At the same time, the conductor to be connected is contacted.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Klemme der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, für deren Anbringung an das Kabel dieses auf einer geringeren Länge als bei den bekannten Klemmen gemantelt werden muß.The invention has for its object to provide a clamp of the type mentioned, for its attachment to the cable this must be sheathed on a shorter length than in the known terminals.

Diese Aufgabe löst eine Klemme mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1.This object is achieved by a clamp with the features of claim 1.

Da bei einer derartigen Klemme die von den Maulflanken auf die im Maul liegende Ader ausgeübten Kräfte, welche die Höhe der Kontaktkraft bestimmen, von der jeweils anderen Maulflanke aufgenommen werden und diese sich nicht auf der Isolation einer benachbarten Ader abstützen, ist die Aderisolation allenfalls während der Montage der Klemme einer Belastung ausgesetzt. Dieser kurzzeitigen Belastung hält die Aderisolation ohne weiteres stand. Im montierten Zustand ist hingegen die Aderisolation frei von einer zu einem Fließen führenden Druckbelastung, weil sie nicht den Reaktionskräften auf die Kontaktkräfte ausgesetzt ist. Gezahnte Isolierkeile oder Isolierplatten werden somit bei der erfindungsgemäßen Klemme nicht benötigt. Man braucht deshalb die Adern nicht zu spreizen, so daß die Länge, auf die das Kabel für die Montage der Klemme abgemantelt werden muß, viel kleiner ist als bei den bekannten Klemmen.Since with such a clamp the forces exerted by the jaw flanks on the core lying in the jaw, which determine the level of the contact force, are absorbed by the other jaw flank and this is not based on the insulation of an adjacent core, the core insulation is at most during the Mounting the clamp exposed to a load. The core insulation easily withstands this short-term load. In the assembled state, on the other hand, the wire insulation is free from a pressure load that leads to flow because it is not exposed to the reaction forces to the contact forces. Toothed insulating wedges or insulating plates are therefore not required in the clamp according to the invention. It is therefore not necessary to spread the wires, so that the length to which the cable must be stripped for the assembly of the clamp is much smaller than in the known clamps.

Die erfindungsgemäße Klemme erlaubt deshalb die Verwendung kleinerer und damit billigerer Muffen, was auch zu einer beträchtlichen Einsparung an dem für das Ausgießen der Muffe erforderlichen Harz führt. Infolge des wesentlich geringeren Harzbedarfes ist es möglich, ein hochwertigeres Harz einzusetzen, welches zu einer besseren Abdichtung gegen das Eindringen von Feuchtigkeit führt. Allerdings ist die erfindungsgemäße Klemme durch den Verzicht auf verzahnte Isolierkeile oder Isolierplatten wesentlich weniger empfindlich gegen eindringende Feuchtigkeit, weil sich wesentlich längere Kriechwege erreichen lassen, ohne die Abmessungen der Klemme zu vergrößern. Dies ist durch die im Hinblick auf die Länge der Kriechstrecke günstigere Lage derjenigen Stellen möglich, an denen die Aderisolation durchdrungen werden muß.The clamp according to the invention therefore allows the use of smaller and therefore cheaper sleeves, which also leads to a considerable saving in the resin required for pouring the sleeve. Due to the significantly lower resin requirement, it is possible to use a higher quality resin, which leads to a better seal against the penetration of moisture. However, by dispensing with toothed insulating wedges or insulating plates, the clamp according to the invention is significantly less sensitive to the ingress of moisture, because much longer creepage distances can be achieved without increasing the dimensions of the clamp. This is possible due to the more favorable location of those locations with regard to the length of the creepage distance where the wire insulation has to be penetrated.

Vorzugsweise ist das Maul elastisch aufweitbar ausgebildet, damit die Aufrechterhaltung eines ausreichend hohen Kontaktdruckes gewährleistet ist. Die hierzu erforderliche elastische Verformbarkeit kann der Kontaktkörper aufweisen, sofern er das gesamte Maul einschließlich beider Maulflanken bildet. In denjenigen Fällen, in denen der Kontaktkörper nur einen Teil des Maules und insbesondere nur eine einzige Maulflanke bildet, braucht die elastische Verformbarkeit nicht ausschließlich der Kontaktkörper aufzuweisen. In diesem Falle kommen auch andere Teile der Klemme, beispielsweise der die beiden Maulflanken abstützende Klemmenkörper, in Frage.The mouth is preferably designed to be elastically expandable in order to ensure that a sufficiently high contact pressure is maintained. The elastic deformability required for this can be provided by the contact body, provided that it forms the entire mouth including both jaw flanks. In those cases in which the contact body forms only a part of the mouth and in particular only a single mouth flank, the elastic deformability need not only have the contact body. In this case, other parts of the clamp, for example the clamp body supporting the two jaw flanks, are also possible.

Sofern nur die eine Maulflanke durch den Kontaktkörper gebildet wird, besteht die andere Maulflanke mit ihrem Element oder ihren Elementen zum Durchdringen der Aderisolation aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material. Diese elektrisch isolierende Maulflanke kann einstückig mit dem Klemmenkörper oder einem Teil desselben ausgebildet sein.If only one jaw flank is formed by the contact body, the other jaw flank with its element or elements is made of Penetration of the wire insulation made of an electrically insulating material. This electrically insulating jaw flank can be formed in one piece with the terminal body or a part thereof.

Der Patentanspruch 6 bezieht sich auf, eine Muffe mit einer Klemme, bei der nicht nur durch die Ausbildung der Klemme, sondern auch durch die Ausbildung des Muffengehäuses sich außer einer einfachen Montage eine raumsparende Bauweise erreichen läßt, um auch hierdurch die Kosten zu reduzieren.The claim 6 relates to a sleeve with a clamp in which not only by the design of the clamp, but also by the design of the sleeve housing can achieve a space-saving design in addition to simple assembly, thereby also reducing costs.

Selbstverständlich könnte das Muffengehäuse die Klemme und je einen beidseitig an diese anschließenden Kabelabschnitt im Abstand umgeben, wie dies bei den bekannten Muffen der Fall ist, wobei wegen des wesentlich kürzeren Kabelstückes, auf dem die Adern des Kabels feigelegt werden müssen, um die Klemme ansetzen zu können, dennoch eine beträchtliche Raumersparnis gegenüber den bekannten Muffen und damit eine Reduzierung der Kosten für das Muffengehäuse und das in dieses einzufüllende Gießharz erreicht werden würde. Einen noch geringeren Raumbedarf und insbesondere auch eine einfachere Montage wegen der Positionierung des Muffengehäuses mit Hilfe des Klemmenkörpers läßt sich aber bei einerAnwendung der Merkmale des Anspruches 6 erzielen.Of course, the sleeve housing could surround the clamp and a cable section adjoining it on both sides at a distance, as is the case with the known sleeves, but because of the much shorter piece of cable on which the wires of the cable must be laid to attach the clamp can, nevertheless, a considerable space saving compared to the known sleeves and thus a reduction in the costs for the sleeve housing and the cast resin to be filled in this would be achieved. However, an even smaller space requirement and in particular a simpler assembly because of the positioning of the sleeve housing with the aid of the clamp body can be achieved by using the features of claim 6.

Im folgenden ist die Erfindung anhand von in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen im einzelnen erläutert. Es zeigen :

  • Figur 1 eine Draufsicht auf ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel im montierten Zustand,
  • Figur 2 einen Schnitt nach der Linie 11-11 der Fig. 1 bei geöffnetem Klemmenkörper,
  • Figur 3 einen Schnitt nach der Linie 11-11 der Fig. 1 bei geschlossenem Klemmenkörper,
  • Figur4 einen Querschnitt durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel im montierten Zustand,
  • Figur 5 einen Längsschnitt eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels der Muffe im montierten Zustand.
  • Fig. 6 einen Querschnitt durch ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel einer Klemme für die erfindungsgemäße Muffe
  • Fig. 7 eine halbseitig im Querschnitt dargestellte Ansicht eines dritten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Klemme für die erfindungsgemäße Muffe
  • Fig. 8 einen Schnitt nach der Linie VIII - VIII der Figur 7,
  • Fig. 9 einen Querschnitt eines vierten Ausführungsbeispiels einer Klemme für die erfindungsgemäße Muffe eines Montagewerkzeuges,
  • Fig. 10 eine halbseitig im Querschnitt dargestellte Ansicht eines fünften Ausführungsbeispiels einer Klemme für die erfindungsgemäße Muffe
The invention is explained in detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it :
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of a first exemplary embodiment in the assembled state,
  • 2 shows a section along the line 11-11 of FIG. 1 with the terminal body open,
  • 3 shows a section along the line 11-11 of FIG. 1 with the clamp body closed,
  • FIG. 4 shows a cross section through a second exemplary embodiment in the assembled state,
  • Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section of a first embodiment of the sleeve in the assembled state.
  • Fig. 6 shows a cross section through a second embodiment of a clamp for the sleeve according to the invention
  • Fig. 7 is a half-sided cross-sectional view of a third embodiment of a clamp for the sleeve according to the invention
  • 8 shows a section along the line VIII-VIII of FIG. 7,
  • 9 shows a cross section of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a clamp for the sleeve of an assembly tool according to the invention,
  • Fig. 10 is a half-sided cross-sectional view of a fifth embodiment of a clamp for the sleeve according to the invention

Bei dem in den Fig. 1 bis 3 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel handelt es sich um eine Verbindungsklemme zum Anschließen je eines Abzweigleiters 1 an jeden der Leiter 2 eines Vierleiterkabels in einem Energieversorgungsnetz. Die im Querschnitt segmentförmige Seele 2' der Leiter 2, die alle den gleichen Querschnitt haben, sind miteineraus Kunststoff bestehenden Isolation 3 vollständig ummantelt, wie dies insbesondere Fig. 2 zeigt. Um die Klemme montieren zu können, muß auf einer Länge, die etwas größer als die Länge der Klemme, jedoch wesentlich kürzer ist als bei den bekannten Verbindungsklemme für derartige Kabel, der Kabelmantel 4 entfernt werden. Ein Aufspreizen der Leiter 2 und insbesondere ein Einführen von Isolierplatten oder Isolierkeilen zwischen die Leiter 2 ist nicht erforderlich, um die Abzweigleiter 1 ordnungsgemäß an die zugeordneten Leiter 2 mit Hilfe der Verbindungsklemme anschließen zu können, was wie bei den bekannten Verbindungsklemmen unter Spannung erfolgen kann.The embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 is a connection terminal for connecting one branch conductor 1 to each of the conductors 2 of a four-conductor cable in a power supply network. The core 2 'of the conductor 2, which is segment-shaped in cross-section, and which all have the same cross-section, is completely covered with an insulation 3 made of plastic, as is particularly shown in FIG. In order to be able to mount the clamp, the cable sheath 4 must be removed over a length which is somewhat greater than the length of the clamp, but is considerably shorter than in the known connecting clamp for such cables. A spreading of the conductors 2 and in particular an insertion of insulating plates or insulating wedges between the conductors 2 is not necessary in order to be able to properly connect the branch conductors 1 to the associated conductors 2 with the aid of the connecting terminal, which can be done under voltage, as in the known connecting terminals.

Die Verbindungsklemme weist zwei gleich ausgebildete Klemmenkörperteile 5 auf, die aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Kunststoff bestehen und zusammen den ringartigen, mittig geteilten Klemmenkörper bilden. Der von der einen zur anderen ebenen Stirnfläche 6 des Klemmenkörpers durchgehende zentrale Kanal wird durch je eine halbzylindrische Rinne 7 gebildet und ist in seinem Durchmesser an den Durchmesser des Kabels ohne Kabelmantel angepaßt, wie Fig. 3 erkennen läßt. Ein Druck wird jedoch von der Wandung der halbzylindrischen Rinnen 7 nicht auf die Isolation 3 der Leiter 2 ausgeübt, wenn die beiden Klemmenkörperteile 5 auf Block gezogen sind, also mit ihrer ebenen, dem anderen Klemmenkörperteil 5 zugekehrten Seite 8 aneinander anliegen. In die beiden Rinnen 7 ragt ein dünner Isolierstoffkeil, der zwischen die von der zugeordneten Rinne aufzunehmenden Adern eindringt und mit dem die Rinne bildenden Klemmenkörperteil einstückig ausgebildet ist. Es ist aber auch möglich, die beiden Isolierstoffkeile als vom Klemmenkörper getrennte Elemente auszubilden.The connecting terminal has two identically designed clamp body parts 5, which consist of an electrically insulating plastic and together form the ring-like, centrally divided clamp body. The continuous from one to the other flat end face 6 of the terminal body central channel is formed by a semi-cylindrical groove 7 and its diameter is adapted to the diameter of the cable without a cable jacket, as can be seen in FIG. 3. However, a pressure is not exerted on the insulation 3 of the conductors 2 by the wall of the semi-cylindrical grooves 7 when the two clamp body parts 5 are pulled onto a block, that is to say with their flat side 8 facing the other clamp body part 5. A thin insulating material wedge projects into the two channels 7 and penetrates between the wires to be received by the assigned channel and is formed in one piece with the clamp body part forming the channel. However, it is also possible to design the two insulating wedges as elements separate from the terminal body.

Gegeneinander bewegt und im geschlossenen Zustand zusammengehalten werden die beiden Klemmenkörperteile 5 mittels zweier Spannschrauben 9, welche in Durchgangsbohrungen liegen, welche die beiden Klemmenkörperteile 5 in gleichem Abstand zu beiden Seiten der halbzylindrischen Rinne 7 und lotrecht auf der Seite 8 stehend durchdringen, und zwar, wie Fig. 2 zeigt, in gleichem Abstand von den beiden ebenen Stirnflächen 6. Der Kopf der Spannschrauben 9 sowie die Muttern, in die die Spannschrauben eingreifen, liegen vertieft im Klemmenkörperteil 5, sind aber von der zylinderähnlichen Außenseite 10 des Klemmenkörperteils her zugänglich.Moved against each other and held together in the closed state, the two clamp body parts 5 by means of two clamping screws 9, which are located in through bores, which penetrate the two clamp body parts 5 at an equal distance from each other on both sides of the semi-cylindrical channel 7 and standing vertically on the side 8, as is Fig. 2 shows, at the same distance from the two flat end faces 6. The head of the clamping screws 9 and the nuts in which the clamping screws engage are recessed in the clamp body part 5, but are accessible from the cylinder-like outside 10 of the clamp body part.

Beim Festziehen der Spannschrauben 9 werden die beiden Klemmenkörperteile 5 in Längsrichtung der Spannschrauben 9 gegeneinander bewegt. Selbstverständlich könnte diese Bewegung auch mittels eines Preßwerkzeuges bewirkt werden und dann erst das Festziehen der Spannschrauben 9 erfolgen.When tightening the clamping screws 9, the two clamp body parts 5 are moved in the longitudinal direction of the clamping screws 9 against each other. Of course, this movement could also be brought about by means of a pressing tool and only then did the tightening of the clamping screws 9 take place.

Die beiden Klemmenkörperteile 5 sind mit zwei zur Seite 8 und zur Rinne 7 hin offenen, taschenartigen Vertiefungen 11 versehen, die zu den beiden ebenen Stirnflächen 6 hin durch zu diesen parallele Wände 12 begrenzt sind. In dem der Seite 8 abgekehrten Teil sind die Vertiefungen 11 durch eine zylindrisch gekrümmte Anlagefläche 13 begrenzt, welche einerseits sich bis zu der Rinne 7 erstreckt und andererseits sich an eine ebene Begrenzungsfläche 14 anschließt. Im Übergangsbereich von der Anlagefläche 13 zur Begrenzungsfläche 14 ist der Klemmenkörperteil 5 mit einem Durchbruch 15 versehen, der einen Zugang von der Außenseite 10 her zu der Vertiefung 11 ergmöglicht. Außerdem sind die beiden Klemmenkörper 5 mit je zwei parallel zu dem von den Rinnen 7 gebildeten Kanal verlaufende Kanäle versehen, welche in die Vertiefungen 11 münden und der Aufnahme je eines der Abzweigleiter 1 dienen.The two clamp body parts 5 are provided with two pocket-like depressions 11 which are open to the side 8 and to the channel 7 and are delimited to the two flat end faces 6 by walls 12 parallel to these. In the part facing away from the side 8, the depressions 11 are delimited by a cylindrically curved contact surface 13 which, on the one hand, extends as far as the channel 7 and, on the other hand, adjoins a flat boundary surface 14. In the transition area from the contact surface 13 to the boundary surface 14, the clamp body part 5 is provided with an opening 15 which enables access from the outside 10 to the recess 11. In addition, the two clamp bodies 5 are each provided with two channels running parallel to the channel formed by the channels 7, which open into the recesses 11 and serve to receive one of the branch conductors 1 each.

Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, sind die Vertiefungen 11 in Längsrichtung der Rinne 7 gegeneinander versetzt, und zwar um einen Betrag, der größer ist als die Summe aus der in axialer Richtung gemessenen Länge der Vertiefung 11 und dem Durchmesser der die Spannschrauben 9 aufnehmenden Bohrungen. Im Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Mittelzone der Klemmenkörperteile 5, die frei von den Vertiefungen 11 ist und die Bohrungen für die Spannschrauben 9 enthält, etwa so lang wie die axiale Länge einer der Vertiefungen 11. Weiterhin sind die beiden Vertiefungen 11, wie Fig. 1 ebenfalls zeigt, in Umfangsrichtung der Rinne 7 soweit gegeneinander versetzt, daß beide an die lotrecht auf der Seite 8 stehende Längsmittelebene des Klemmenkörperteils 5 angrenzen.As shown in FIG. 1, the depressions 11 are offset from one another in the longitudinal direction of the channel 7, namely by an amount which is greater than the sum of the length of the depression 11 measured in the axial direction and the diameter of the bores accommodating the tensioning screws 9. In the exemplary embodiment, the middle zone of the clamp body parts 5, which is free from the depressions 11 and contains the bores for the tensioning screws 9, is approximately as long as the axial length of one of the depressions 11. Furthermore, the two depressions 11, as also shown in FIG. 1 , offset in the circumferential direction of the channel 7 to such an extent that both adjoin the longitudinal center plane of the clamp body part 5 which is perpendicular to the side 8.

In jeder der Vertiefungen 11 liegt ein Kontaktkörper 16 aus einem elektrisch gut leitenden Material. Die Kontaktkörper 16 sind alle gleich ausgebildet. Sie sind an den beiden den Wänden 12 der Vertiefung 11 zugekehrten Stirnseiten durch ebene Flächen begrenzt und haben eine von der einen zur anderen Stirnseite gemessene axiale Länge, die nur um das für eine Bewegbarkeit in der Vertiefung erforderliche Spiel geringer ist als die axiale Länge der Vertiefung 11.In each of the depressions 11 there is a contact body 16 made of an electrically highly conductive material. The contact bodies 16 are all of the same design. They are delimited on the two end faces facing the walls 12 of the recess 11 by flat surfaces and have an axial length measured from one end to the other, which is less than the axial length of the recess only by the play required for mobility in the recess 11.

Wie die Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen, bildet jeder der Kontaktkörper 16 ein Maul 17. Die eine Flanke 18 hat die Form eines Keiles mit abgerundeter Schneide. Auf der dem Maul 17 zugekehrten Seite bildet diese Flanke 18 zwei oder drei gleich ausgebildete Zähne 19, die sich vom Grund 20 des Maules 17 mit zumindest annähernd gleicher Höhe bis zum freien Ende der Flanke 18 erstrecken. Die Schneiden dieserZähne 19 definieren eine Ebene, die mit dem Grund des Maules 20 einen Winkel von mehr als 90° einschließt.As FIGS. 2 and 3 show, each of the contact bodies 16 forms a mouth 17. One flank 18 has the shape of a wedge with a rounded cutting edge. On the side facing the mouth 17, this flank 18 forms two or three teeth 19 of identical design, which extend from the base 20 of the mouth 17 with at least approximately the same height to the free end of the flank 18. The cutting edges of these teeth 19 define a plane which forms an angle of more than 90 ° with the base of the mouth 20.

Die andere Flanke 21 des Maules 17 wird durch den einen Schenkel eines als Ganzes mit 22 bezeichneten, abgewinkelten Armes gebildet, dessen anderer Schenkel teilweise den Grund des Maules 20 bildet. Der Winkel, den diese beiden Schenkel miteinander einschließen, ist etwas kleiner als 90°. Der freie Endabschnitt der Flanke 21 verjüngt sich keilartig, wobei die Schneide des Keils abgerundet ist. Ferner weist die Flanke 21 wie die Flanke 18 zwei bis drei Zähne 23 auf, die wie die Zähne 19 in Längsrichtung der Rinne 7 im Abstand nebeneinander liegen und sich übereinen Teil der Länge der Flanke 21 bis zu deren freiem Ende hin erstrecken. Wie insbesondere Fig. 2 zeigt, nimmt die Höhe der Zähne 23 gegen das freie Ende hin zunächst zu und dann im keilförmigen Endabschnitt wieder ab. Die durch die Schneiden der Zähne 23 definierte Seitenfläche des Maules 17 liegt im Ausführungsbeispiel nicht parallel zu der anderen Seitenfläche, sondern nähert sich dieser leicht gegen das freie Maulende hin.The other flank 21 of the mouth 17 is formed by one leg of an angled arm, designated as a whole by 22, the other leg of which partially forms the base of the mouth 20. The angle that these two legs enclose is slightly less than 90 °. The free end section of the flank 21 tapers like a wedge, the cutting edge of the wedge being rounded. Furthermore, the flank 21, like the flank 18, has two to three teeth 23 which, like the teeth 19, are spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the groove 7 and extend over part of the length of the flank 21 up to its free end. 2, the height of the teeth 23 initially increases towards the free end and then decreases again in the wedge-shaped end section. The side surface of the mouth 17 defined by the cutting of the teeth 23 does not lie parallel to the other side surface in the exemplary embodiment, but rather approaches it slightly towards the free end of the mouth.

Im Gegensatz zur Flanke 18 erlaubt die Flanke 21 eine elastische Verformung im Sinne einerAufweitung des Maules 17. Die elastische Aufweitung des Maules 17 wird nicht nur durch die im Vergleich zur Flanke 18 größere Länge der Flanke 21 unterstützt, sondern auch durch die mit Ausnahme des Endabschnittes konstante Dicke der Flanke 21 und den sich an sie anschließenden, teilweise den Grund 20 des Maules 17 bildenden Abschnitt des Armes 22.In contrast to the flank 18, the flank 21 allows an elastic deformation in the sense of an expansion of the mouth 17. The elastic expansion of the mouth 17 is supported not only by the longer length of the flank 21 compared to the flank 18, but also by the exception of the end section constant thickness of the flank 21 and the section of the arm 22 which adjoins it and partially forms the base 20 of the mouth 17.

Wie insbesondere Fig. 3 zeigt, ist die Maulweite kleiner als die Abmessung der Seele 2' eines der Leiter 2, gemessen am Übergang der beiden ebenen Innenseiten zu der zylindrisch gekrümmten Aussenseite, und zwar um so viel kleiner, daß die Aufweitung des Maules durch eine elastische Verformung des Armes 22 so groß ist, daß die Zähne 19 und 23 mit dem gewünschten Kontaktdruck gegen die Seele 2' drükken, wenn der Leiter in das Maul 7 eingeführt ist und die Zähne 19 und 23 nicht nur die Isolation 3 durchschnitten haben, sondern auch in die Seele 2' in den beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Bereichen eingedrungen sind, welche von den abgerundeten Eckzonen am Übergang von den beiden Innenseiten zur zylindrisch gekrümmten Außenseite vorhanden sind, wie dies Fig. 3 zeigt. Diese Figur zeigt ferner, daß die Höhe der Zähne 19 und 23 so groß gewählt ist, daß sie nach dem Durchdringen der Isolation 3 noch in dem gewünschten und die Größe der Kontaktfläche bestimmenden Maße in die Seele 2' eindringen.As shown in FIG. 3 in particular, the mouth width is smaller than the dimension of the core 2 'of one of the conductors 2, measured at the transition from the two flat inner sides to the cylindrically curved outer side, and so much smaller that the widening of the mouth by one elastic deformation of the arm 22 is so great that the teeth 19 and 23 press against the soul 2 'with the desired contact pressure when the conductor is inserted into the mouth 7 and the teeth 19 and 23 have not only cut through the insulation 3, but also have also penetrated into the core 2 'in the two opposite areas, which are present from the rounded corner zones at the transition from the two inner sides to the cylindrically curved outer side, as shown in FIG. 3. This figure further shows that the height of the teeth 19 and 23 is chosen so large that after penetration of the insulation 3 they penetrate into the soul 2 'to the desired extent and the size of the contact surface.

Selbstverständlich können mit Hilfe der Kontaktkörper 16 nicht nur Segmentleiter kontaktiert werden, sondern auch Rundleiter, sofern deren Durchmesser in demjenigen Bereich liegt, in dem die Abmessung der kontaktierbaren Segmentleiter, gemessen zwischen den beiden außenliegenden Eckzonen, liegt. Die Größe dieses Bereiches hängt von der elastischen Aufweitbarkeit des Maules 17 ab.Of course, not only segment conductors can be contacted with the help of the contact bodies 16, but also round conductors, provided that their diameter lies in the area in which the dimension of the contactable segment conductors, measured between the two outer corner zones, lies. The size of this area depends on the elastic expandability of the mouth 17.

Die Flanke 18 und der Arm 22 schließen sich an den Mittelabschnitt des Kontaktkörpers 16 an, der auf der dem Maul 17 abgekehrten Seite ebenso wie die Flanke 18 durch eine zylindrisch gekrümmte Fläche 24 begrenzt ist, deren Krümmung an die Krümmung der Anlagefläche 13 der Vertiefung 11 angepaßt ist. Der Kontaktkörper 16 ist deshalb um eine zur Längsachse der Rinne 7 parallele Achse in der Vertiefung 11 relativ zum Klemmenkörperteil 5 drehbar. Damit bei dieser Drehung der Kontaktkörper 16 nicht aus der Vertiefung 11 heraustritt, ist der Winkel, den die Außenseite der Werkstoffpartie 18 mit derjenigen der Flanke 21 einschließt, kleiner als 90°.The flank 18 and the arm 22 adjoin the central section of the contact body 16, which, like the flank 18 on the side facing away from the mouth 17, is delimited by a cylindrically curved surface 24, the curvature of which bears on the curvature of the contact surface 13 of the depression 11 is adjusted. The contact body 16 is therefore rotatable about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the groove 7 in the recess 11 relative to the terminal body part 5. So that the contact body 16 does not emerge from the depression 11 during this rotation, the angle which the outside of the material section 18 forms with that of the flank 21 is less than 90 °.

Der Mittelabschnitt des Kontaktkörpers 16 ist mit einer parallel zum Maul 17 liegenden Durchgangsbohrung 25 versehen, in die eine dazu lotrecht verlaufende Gewindebohrung mündet, in der eine Klemmschraube 26 geführt ist. Das der Durchgangsbohrung 25 abgekehrte Ende der Klemmschraube 26 weist gegen den Durchbruch 15. Daher kann die Klemmschraube 26 von außen her betätigt werden, so daß es auch möglich ist, den Abzweigleiter 1 erst dann anzuschließen, wenn der Klemmenkörper bereits geschlossen ist, oder den Abzweigleiter 1 vom Kontaktkörper 16 zu lösen.The middle section of the contact body 16 is provided with a through bore 25 lying parallel to the mouth 17, into which a threaded bore, which runs perpendicularly thereto, opens, in which a clamping screw 26 is guided. The end of the clamping screw 26 facing away from the through bore 25 points against the opening 15. Therefore, the clamping screw 26 can be actuated from the outside, so that it is also possible to connect the branch conductor 1 only when the terminal body is already closed, or the branch conductor 1 to detach from the contact body 16.

Zu Beginn des Zusammenspannens der beiden Klemmenkörperteile 5, also in dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Zustand, liegt das freie Ende der Flanke 18 auf der Isolation 3 im Bereich der einen äußeren Eckzone auf, während die Flanke 21 an der Isolation 3 im Abstand von der anderen äußeren Eckzone anliegt. Wenn nun durch ein Anziehen der Spannschrauben 9 die beiden Klemmenkörperteile 5 gegeneinander bewegt werden, beginnen die Zähne 19 der Flanke 18 sich in die Isolation 3 einzuschneiden. Dadurch nähert sich das freie Ende der Flanke 21 der anderen Eckzone, schneidet aber dort in die Isolation 3 erst dann ein, wenn diese Eckzone nahezu erreicht ist. Während der weiteren Bewegung der beiden Klemmenkörperteile 5 gegeneinander führen die Kontaktkörper 16 eine Drehbewegung in den Vertiefungen 11 aus. Dadurch nähert sich das freie Ende der Flanke 21 der Längsmittellinie des Kabels. Dies hat zur Folge, daß die Zähne 23 wie die Zähne 19 die Isolation 3 durchschneiden, während der Leiter 2 mehr in das Maul 17 eintritt und dabei das Maul aufweitet, was zu der elastischen Verformung des Armes 22 führt. Das freie Ende der Flanken 18 und 21 und die Zähne 19 und 23 kommen schließlich in die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Lage, in welcher die Zähne etwa in gleichem Maße in die Eckzonen der Seele 2' eingedrungen sind. Wie Fig. 3 zeigt, wird beim Schließen der Klemme also nur die Isolation 3 des Leiters 2 von den Zähnen des zugeordneten Kontaktkörpers 16 durchdrungen und nur diese Zähne dringen in die Seele 2' ein. Infolge der Versetzung der Vertiefungen 11 ist zwischen allen Kontaktkörpern 16 ein ausreichend großer Abstand vorhanden. Infolge dieses auch aus Fig. 1 ersichtlichen großen Abstandes braucht selbst dann, wenn Feuchtigkeit zwischen die Adern eindringen sollte, ein Überschlag oder das Entstehen von Kriechströmen nicht befürchtet zu werden.At the beginning of the clamping of the two clamp body parts 5, that is to say in the state shown in FIG. 2, the free end of the flank 18 lies on the insulation 3 in the region of the one outer corner zone, while the flank 21 on the insulation 3 is at a distance from the other outer corner zone. If the two clamp body parts 5 are now moved towards one another by tightening the clamping screws 9, the teeth 19 of the flank 18 begin to cut into the insulation 3. As a result, the free end of the flank 21 approaches the other corner zone, but does not cut into the insulation 3 there until this corner zone has almost been reached. During the further movement of the two clamp body parts 5 against one another, the contact bodies 16 execute a rotary movement in the depressions 11. As a result, the free end of the flank 21 approaches the longitudinal center line of the cable. The result of this is that the teeth 23, like the teeth 19, cut through the insulation 3, while the conductor 2 enters the mouth 17 more and thereby expands the mouth, which leads to the elastic deformation of the arm 22. The free end of the flanks 18 and 21 and the teeth 19 and 23 finally come into the position shown in FIG. 3, in which the teeth have penetrated into the corner zones of the core 2 'to approximately the same extent. As shown in FIG. 3, when the clamp is closed, only the insulation 3 of the conductor 2 is penetrated by the teeth of the associated contact body 16 and only these teeth penetrate into the core 2 '. As a result of the offset of the depressions 11, there is a sufficiently large distance between all contact bodies 16. As a result of this large distance, which can also be seen in FIG. 1, there is no need to fear a flashover or the occurrence of leakage currents even if moisture should penetrate between the wires.

Ein Verdrängen der Isolation 3 tritt nicht auf, weil nach der Montage der Klemme diese Isolation keiner Belastung mehr ausgesetzt ist.Displacement of the insulation 3 does not occur because after the installation of the terminal this insulation is no longer exposed to any load.

Da die Kontaktkraft nur in der Richtung von der einen zur anderen Flanke des Maules 17 wirksam ist, können, nachdem die beiden Klemmenkörperteile 5 die in Fig. 3 dargestellte Endstellung erreicht haben und damit die Leiter 2' im erforderlichen Maße in das Maul 17 des zugeordneten Kontaktkörpers 16 eingetreten sind, die Klemmenkörperteile 5 wieder abgenommen werden. Allerdings müssen in diesem Falle für die Abzweigleiter 1 Schlitze in den Klemmenkörperteilen 5 vorgesehen sein, falls nicht ein Anschluß erst nach dem Anbringen der Kontaktkörper möglich ist. Die Kontaktkörper 16 können danach mittels einer Muffe abgedreckt werden, welche beispielsweise mit Gießharz ausgegossen wird.Since the contact force is only effective in the direction from one side to the other side of the jaw 17, after the two clamp body parts 5 have reached the end position shown in FIG. 3 and thus the conductor 2 'to the required extent in the mouth 17 of the associated Contact body 16 have occurred, the terminal body parts 5 are removed again. In this case, however, slots must be provided in the terminal body parts 5 for the branch conductors 1, unless a connection is only possible after the contact bodies have been attached. The contact bodies 16 can then be covered by means of a sleeve, which is poured out, for example, with casting resin.

Bei dem in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel werden die äußeren Maulflanken 521 durch die Kontaktkörper 516 gebildet. Die inneren Maulflanken 518 bestehen hingegen aus elektrisch isolierendem Material und werden durch die beiden Klemmenkörperteile 505 gebildet. Letztere haben je eine mittig angeordnete, in den Kabelaufnahmekanal ragende und lotrecht auf der Trennfläche stehende Trennwände 505", die im montierten Zustand zwischen die benachbarten Adern eingreifen. An den Fuß dieser Trennwände 505" sind die zahnförmigen Elemente 519 angeformt, welche die die Aderisolation durchdringenden Elemente der inneren Maulflanke bilden. Die Kontaktkörper 516 sind um eine parallel zur Längsachse des Kabelaufnahmekanals verlaufende Achse drehbar im Klemmenkörper gelagert. Bei der Montage der Klemme kommen sie in Anlage an den anderen Klemmenkörperteil 505 oder eine dünne, zahnlose Isolierplatte 529, die zwischen die Adern und den Klemmenkörper gelegt worden ist. Je mehr die beiden Klemmenkörperteile 505 gegeneinander bewegt werden, desto weiter werden die Kontaktkörper 516 in Richtung des Pfeiles 530 geschwenkt, wobei das Maul mehr und mehr verengt, also der Abstand der Maulflanken voneinander mehr und mehr verkleinert wird. Dabei durchdringen die Zähne der Maulflanken die Aderisolation. Außerdem kommt es zu der Kontaktierung der Aderseele durch die Kontaktelemente 523.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the outer jaw flanks 521 are formed by the contact bodies 516. The inner jaw flanks 518, however, consist of electrically insulating material and are formed by the two clamp body parts 505. The latter each have a centrally arranged partition walls 505 ", which protrudes into the cable receiving channel and stands vertically on the dividing surface, which engage in the assembled state between the adjacent wires. The tooth-shaped elements 519, which penetrate the wire insulation, are molded onto the base of these partition walls 505" Form elements of the inner mouth flank. The contact bodies 516 are rotatably mounted in the terminal body about an axis running parallel to the longitudinal axis of the cable receiving channel. When installing the terminal, they come into contact with the other terminal body part 505 or a thin, toothless insulating plate 529 which has been placed between the wires and the terminal body. The more the two clamp body parts 505 are moved towards one another, the further the contact bodies 516 are pivoted in the direction of the arrow 530, the mouth narrowing more and more, that is to say the distance between the jaw flanks from one another is reduced more and more. The teeth of the mouth flanks penetrate the core insulation. In addition, there is contacting of the core core by the contact elements 523.

Die Kontaktkörper 516 sind wie bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3 in Längsrichtung des Kabelaufnahmekanals gegeneinander versetzt, wodurch auch bei dieser Klemme lange Kriechstrecken erzielt werden. Im montierten Zustand steht wie bei allen Ausführungsbeispielen die Isolation der Adern nicht unter einer Druckbelastung, die zu einem Fließen der Aderisolation führen würde.As in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 3, the contact bodies 516 are offset from one another in the longitudinal direction of the cable receiving channel, as a result of which long creepage distances are also achieved with this terminal. In the assembled state, as in all of the exemplary embodiments, the insulation of the wires is not under a pressure load which would lead to the wire insulation flowing.

Ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Muffe mit der erfindungsgemäßen Klemme zeigt Fig. 5. Um die als Ganzes mit 31 bezeichnete Klemme montieren zu können, brauchen, wie Fig. 5 deutlich zeigt, die Adern 32 des Hauptkabels 33 nur auf einem Stück freigelegt zu werden, das nicht wesentlich länger ist als die Klemme 31 in axialer Richtung. Die Klemme 31, welche wie eine der zuvor oder nachfolgend beschriebenen Klemmen ausgebildet ist, weist einen mittig geteilten Klemmenkörper auf, dessen beide im montierten Zustand zusammengespannten Klemmenkörperteile mit 34 und 35 bezeichnet sind. Die Klemme 31 verbindet je eine der Adern 36 des Abzweigkabels 37 mit einer der Adern 32.5 shows a first exemplary embodiment of the sleeve according to the invention with the clamp according to the invention. In order to be able to mount the clamp designated as a whole as 31, as shown in FIG. 5, the wires 32 of the main cable 33 need only be exposed in one piece. that not we is considerably longer than the terminal 31 in the axial direction. The clamp 31, which is designed like one of the clamps described above or below, has a clamp body divided in the middle, the two clamp body parts clamped together in the assembled state being designated by 34 and 35. The terminal 31 connects one of the wires 36 of the branch cable 37 to one of the wires 32.

Das als Ganzes mit 38 bezeichnete, aus demselben Kunststoff wie die Klemmenkörperteile 34 und 35 bestehende Muffengehäuse ist wie der Klemmenkörper in Längsrichtung geteilt, wobei die Teilungsebene mit der Teilungsebene des Klemmenkörpers zusammenfällt. Schrauben 39 halten den oberen Teil 38' des Muffengehäuses mit dem unteren Teil 38" an beiden Längsseiten zusammen. Die beiden Teile 38' und 38" des Muffengehäuses werden aber auch durch die Klemmenkörperteile 34 und 35 zusammengehalten, da der obere Teil an den Klemmenkörperteil 34 längs dessen einer in Umfangsrichtung verlaufenden Kante an diesen angeformt ist. Entsprechend ist der untere Teil 38" an den Klemmenkörperteil 35 angeformt. Von dieser Anformstelle aus verjüngt sich das Muffengehäuse 38 konisch bis zu der mit dem Klemmkanal der Klemme 31 fluchtenden Einführöffnung für das Kabel 33 hin, deren lichte Weite etwas größer ist als der Außendurchmesser des Kabels 33, da im Bereich der Einführöffnung eine ringförmige Dichtung 40 vorzusehen ist, welche zusammen mit dem Kabel 33 die Einführöffnung dicht verschließt.The sleeve housing, designated as a whole by 38 and made of the same plastic as the clamp body parts 34 and 35, is divided in the longitudinal direction like the clamp body, the division plane coinciding with the division plane of the clamp body. Screws 39 hold the upper part 38 'of the sleeve housing together with the lower part 38 "on both long sides. However, the two parts 38' and 38" of the sleeve housing are also held together by the clamp body parts 34 and 35, since the upper part on the clamp body part 34 along which an edge extending in the circumferential direction is formed on the latter. Correspondingly, the lower part 38 "is molded onto the clamp body part 35. From this molding point, the sleeve housing 38 tapers conically up to the insertion opening for the cable 33, which is aligned with the clamp channel of the clamp 31, and whose inside diameter is somewhat larger than the outside diameter of the Cable 33, since an annular seal 40 is to be provided in the region of the insertion opening, which seals the insertion opening together with the cable 33.

Gegen das andere Ende des Muffengehäuses 38 hin, das mit einer ebenfalls mit dem Klemmkanal der Klemme 31 fluchtende Einführöffnung 41 für das Hauptkabel 33 und einer im Abstand darüberliegenden Einführöffnung 42 für das Abzweigkabel 37 versehen ist, ist der untere Teil 38" des Muffengehäuses 38 im Bereich zwischen der Klemme 31 und einer nach innen offenen Ringnut zum Hauptkabel 33 hin eingezogen. In der Ringnut liegt ein Dichtungskörper 43 mit Durchtrittsöffnungen für das Hauptkabel 33 und das Abzweigkabel 37. Der obere Teil 38'des Muffengehäuses 38 hat in dem oberhalb des Hauptkabels liegenden Bereich einen wesentlich größeren Abstand vom Hauptkabel als der untere Teil 38", weil hieran dem Muffengehäuse eine Einfüllöffnung 44 für das Gießharz vorgesehen ist, mit dem nach der Montage das Muffengehäuse ausgegossen wird, sowie eine Entlüftungsöffnung 45.Towards the other end of the sleeve housing 38, which is provided with an insertion opening 41 for the main cable 33, which is also aligned with the clamping channel of the terminal 31, and an insertion opening 42 for the branch cable 37, which is located at a distance above it, the lower part 38 '' of the sleeve housing 38 is in Area between the terminal 31 and an inwardly open annular groove drawn towards the main cable 33. In the annular groove there is a sealing body 43 with through openings for the main cable 33 and the branch cable 37. The upper part 38 ′ of the sleeve housing 38 has that above the main cable Area a much greater distance from the main cable than the lower part 38 ″, because here a filler opening 44 for the casting resin is provided on the sleeve housing, with which the sleeve housing is poured out after assembly, and a vent opening 45.

Zwar müssen die beiden Teile 38' und 38" des Klemmenkörpers 38 wegen ihrer Anformung an die Klemmenkörperteile 34 bzw. 35 mit Fenstern versehen sein, welche den Zugang zu den Schrauben der Klemme gestatten. Diese Fenster können jedoch vor dem Einbringen des Gießharzes ohne Schwierigkeiten verschlossen werden. Durch die Anformung an die Klemmenkörperteile ist das Muffengehäuse 38 zwangsläufig richtig positioniert, was die Montage erheblich vereinfacht und es erlaubt, die Abmessungen des Muffengehäuses minimal zu halten, ohne einen zuverlässigen Schutz der Klemme und insbesondere der mit dieser hergestellten Kontaktflächen zu gefährden.Although the two parts 38 'and 38 "of the clamp body 38 must be provided with windows which allow access to the screws of the clamp because of their molding to the clamp body parts 34 and 35, however, these windows can be closed without difficulty before the resin is introduced Due to the shaping of the clamp body parts, the socket housing 38 is inevitably positioned correctly, which considerably simplifies assembly and allows the dimensions of the socket housing to be kept to a minimum without endangering reliable protection of the clamp and in particular of the contact surfaces produced with it.

Im folgenden sind weitere Ausgestaltung möglichkeiten der für den Einsatz in der Muffe vorgesehenen Klemmenerläutert.In the following, further design options for the terminals provided for use in the socket are explained.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß Fig. 6 unterscheidet sich von demjenigen gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3 nur durch eine andere Bewegung seiner Kontaktkörper 116 relativ zum Klemmenkörper während des Zusammenführens der beiden Klemmenkörperteile 105, beispielsweise durch Festziehen der Spannschrauben 109, während der Montage, wobei nicht nur die Spannschrauben, sondern auch die zwischen die Adern eindringenden Isolierstoffkeile, die an die Klemmenkörperteile angeformt sind, wie beim ersten Ausführungsbeispiel die Klemmenkörperteile führen. Die Kontaktkörper 116 bewegen sich dabei geradlinig in einer Bahn, die parallel zu einer das Kabel tangierenden Fläche verläuft. Die Vertiefungen 111 weisen daher, wie Fig. 6 zeigt, eine ebene Anlagefläche 113 für die ebenfalls eben ausgebildete Rückseite 124 des das gesamte Maul bildenden Kontaktkörpers 116 auf. Eine seitliche Anschlagfläche 113' der Vertiefung 111 begrenzt die Verschiebbarkeit des Kontaktkörpers 116 in der Vertiefung 111. Die Position des Kontaktkörpers 116 in der Vertiefung zu Beginn des Montagevorgangs ist mit strichpunktierten Linien angedeutet. Die Kontaktkörper 116 sind in den beiden Klemmenkörperteilen 105 gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet, wie dies im Zusammenhang mit dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel beschrieben und Fig. 1 dargestellt ist.The exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 6 differs from that according to FIGS. 1 to 3 only by a different movement of its contact bodies 116 relative to the terminal body during the bringing together of the two terminal body parts 105, for example by tightening the clamping screws 109 during assembly, but not only the clamping screws, but also the insulating material wedges penetrating between the wires, which are molded onto the terminal body parts, as in the first embodiment, the terminal body parts. The contact bodies 116 move in a straight line in a path that runs parallel to a surface tangent to the cable. The depressions 111 therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, have a flat contact surface 113 for the rear side 124 of the contact body 116, which also forms the entire mouth. A lateral stop surface 113 'of the recess 111 limits the displaceability of the contact body 116 in the recess 111. The position of the contact body 116 in the recess at the beginning of the assembly process is indicated by dash-dotted lines. The contact bodies 116 are arranged offset in relation to one another in the two clamp body parts 105, as described in connection with the first exemplary embodiment and shown in FIG. 1.

Bei dem in den Fig. 7 und 8 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel bilden die Kontaktkörper 216 ebenso wie bei den zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen vollständig das die zu kontaktierende Ader aufnehmende Maul. Der wesentliche Unterschied gegenüber den Ausführungsbeispielen gemäß den Fig. 1 bis 3 und 6 besteht darin, daß die Kontaktkörper 216 bei der Montage keine Bewegung relativ zu dem sie aufnehmenden Klemmenkörperteil 205 ausführen und deshalb ohne Spiel oder zumindest ohne nennenswertes Spiel in den Vertiefungen 211 sitzen, die in je einem Isolierkörper 205' der im übrigen aus Metall bestehenden Klemmenkörperteile 205 vorgesehen sind.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, as in the exemplary embodiments described above, the contact bodies 216 completely form the mouth receiving the wire to be contacted. The essential difference compared to the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 3 and 6 is that the contact bodies 216 do not move during assembly relative to the terminal body part 205 which receives them and therefore sit in the recesses 211 without play or at least without any noticeable play, which are provided in an insulating body 205 'of the terminal body parts 205, which are otherwise made of metal.

Wie Fig. 7 zeigt, bilden die Kontaktkörper 216 ein gegen die Teilungsebene des Klemmenkörpers hin offenes Maul 217. Zur Anpassung an die Querschnittsform der zu kontaktierenden Adern 202' ist jedoch die äußere Maulflanke 221 länger als die innere Maulflanke 218. Hierdurch ist die Maulöffnung auch gegen das Zentrum des Kabels hin gerichtet. Die größere Länge der äußeren Maulflanke 221 ermöglicht in einfacher Weise die Verwirklichung einer gewissen Elastizität des Maules.As shown in FIG. 7, the contact bodies 216 form a mouth 217 which is open towards the parting plane of the terminal body. However, in order to adapt to the cross-sectional shape of the wires 202 'to be contacted, the outer jaw flank 221 is longer than the inner jaw flank 218. As a result, the jaw opening is also directed towards the center of the cable. The greater length of the outer mouth flank 221 enables a certain elasticity of the mouth to be achieved in a simple manner.

Der Isolierkörper 205' ist mit einer mittig angeordneten, bei der Montage zwischen zwei benachbarte Adern eindringenden Trennwand 205" versehen, die zu einer Verlängerung der Kriechstrecken führt. Man könnte auch, wie in Fig. 7 mit gestrichelter Linie angedeutet, eine dünne, ungezahnte Isolierplatte 227 zwischen die Adern in lotrecht zu den beiden Trennwänden 205" liegender Lage einfügen. Wegen der geringen Dicke dieser Isolierplatte 227 wäre eine nennenswerte Spreizung der Adern nicht notwendig. Man kann aber auch, wie dies Fig. 8 zeigt, zur Verlängerung der Kriechwege die Kontaktelemente 219 und 223, welche als Schneiden ausgebildet und an die Maulflanken 218 bzw. 221 angeformt sind, in Längsrichtung des Kabelaufnahmekanals versetzt anordnen. Zum besseren Verständnis der Auswirkung dieser Versetzung auf die gegenseitige Lage der Kontaktelemente sind in Fig. 8 mit gestrichelten Linien auch die Positionen der Kontaktelemente der im anderen Klemmenkörperteil angeordneten Kontaktkörper dargestellt.The insulating body 205 'is provided with a centrally arranged partition 205 "which penetrates between two adjacent wires during assembly and which leads to an extension of the creepage distances. One could also, as indicated in FIG. 7 with a dashed line, a thin, toothless insulating plate Insert 227 between the wires in a position perpendicular to the two partitions 205 ". Because of the small thickness of this insulating plate 227, it would not be necessary to expand the wires. However, as shown in FIG. 8, the contact elements 219 and 223, which are designed as cutting edges and are formed on the jaw flanks 218 and 221, can be arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of the cable receiving channel, as shown in FIG. 8. For a better understanding of the effect of this displacement on the mutual position of the contact elements, the positions of the contact elements of the contact bodies arranged in the other terminal body part are also shown in FIG. 8 with dashed lines.

Selbstverständlich kann in entsprechender Weise eine Klemme auch für ein dreiadriges Kabel ausgebildet sein. Der Klemmenkörper könnte dann aus drei Klemmenkörperteilen bestehen, die je einen Kontaktkörper enthalten. Ebenso wäre es beispielsweise möglich, in den beiden Teilen eines zweiteiligen Klemmenkörpers jeweils nur einen einzigen Kontaktkörper anzuordnen und mit diesen einander gegenüberliegenden Kontaktkörpern nur zwei der vier Adern eines Kabels zu kontaktieren. Weiterhin wäre es möglich, die Kontaktkörper gegen die Teilungsebene des Klemmenkörpers verschiebbar im Isolierkörper anzuordnen und nach dem Zusammenspannen der Klemmenkörperteile mittels je einer Schraube die Kontaktkörper in ihre Endstellung zu bringen, in der ihr Maul die zu kontaktierende Ader aufnimmt. Bei dieser Schraube könnte es sich auch um die Klemmschraube handeln, mittels deren derAbzweigleiter festgeklemmt wird.Of course, a clamp can also be designed in a corresponding manner for a three-core cable. The terminal body could then consist of three terminal body parts, each containing a contact body. It would also be possible, for example, to arrange only one contact body in each of the two parts of a two-part terminal body and to contact only two of the four wires of a cable with these opposite contact bodies. Furthermore, it would be possible to arrange the contact bodies in the insulating body so as to be displaceable against the parting plane of the terminal body and, after clamping the terminal body parts together, to bring the contact bodies into their end position by means of a screw, in which their mouth receives the wire to be contacted. This screw could also be the clamping screw by means of which the branch conductor is clamped.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel, bei dem die Kontaktkörper 316 längsverschiebbar in dem sie aufnehmenden Klemmenkörperteil 305 angeordnet sind, zeigt Fig. 9. Die Kontaktkörper 316, die im Prinzip wie die Kontaktkörper 216 ausgebildet sind, ragen aus dem Klemmenkörper heraus und werden, nachdem die Klemmenkörperteile in ihre endgültige Position auf dem Kabel gebrachtworden sind, mittels einer Presse gegen das Zentrum des Kabels gedrückt, wobei die Adern in das Maul 317 des zugeordneten Kontaktkörpers 316 eintreten und dabei von den an den beiden Maulflanken vorgesehenen, sich in der Bewegungsrichtung erstreckenden Schneiden kontaktiert werden, nachdem zuvor diese Schneiden die Aderisolation durchschnitten haben. Außerdem dringen zwei gegeneinander weisende Isolierstoffkeile, die den beiden Klemmenkörperteilen zugeordnet sind, zwischen die Adern ein.An exemplary embodiment, in which the contact bodies 316 are arranged so as to be longitudinally displaceable in the terminal body part 305 which receives them, is shown in FIG. 9. The contact bodies 316, which are designed in principle like the contact bodies 216, protrude from the terminal body and, after the terminal body parts are inserted into them final position on the cable have been pressed against the center of the cable by means of a press, the wires entering the mouth 317 of the associated contact body 316 and being contacted by the cutting edges provided on the two jaw flanks and extending in the direction of movement after these cutting edges have previously cut through the wire insulation. In addition, two mutually facing insulating wedges, which are assigned to the two clamp body parts, penetrate between the wires.

Um alle Kontaktkörper 316 in einem einzigen Arbeitsgang mittels eines Preßwerkzeuges, das aus nur zwei gegeneinander zu bewegenden Werkzeugteilen 328 besteht, gleichzeitig in die Endstellung bringen zu können, bilden diese beiden Preßwerkzeugteile 328 eine Aufnahme in Form eines regelmäßigen Sechseckes. Der in Anlage an das Preßwerkzeug kommende Rücken der Klemmenkörper 316 ist an die Neigung der zugeordneten Anschlagfläche des Werkzeugteils 328 angepaßt, wie Fig. 9 zeigt. Beim Schließen des Preßwerkzeuges werden deshalb die Kontaktkörper 316 gleichzeitig und in gleichem Maße gegen das Kabelzentrum gedrückt. Sofern eine Montage unter Spannung erfolgen soll, können die Werkzeugteile 328 im Bereich ihrer Anlagefläche für die Kontaktkörper 316 mittels einer eingelegten Platte 329 oder dergleichen isoliert sein.In order to be able to bring all contact bodies 316 into the end position at the same time in a single operation by means of a pressing tool, which consists of only two tool parts 328 to be moved relative to one another, these two pressing tool parts 328 form a receptacle in the form of a regular hexagon. The back of the clamp body 316, which comes into contact with the pressing tool, is adapted to the inclination of the associated stop surface of the tool part 328, as shown in FIG. 9. When the pressing tool is closed, the contact bodies 316 are therefore pressed simultaneously and to the same extent against the cable center. If assembly is to be carried out under tension, the tool parts 328 can be insulated in the area of their contact surface for the contact bodies 316 by means of an inserted plate 329 or the like.

Das in Fig. 10 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel unterscheidet sich von demjenigen gemäß den Fig. 10 und 11 im wesentlichen nur dadurch, daß die Kontaktkörper416 nur die innere Maulflanke 418 mit dem Kontaktelement 419 in Form einer oder mehrerer, in Längsrichtung des Kabelaufnahmekanals nebeneinander liegender Schneiden bilden. Die äußere Maulflanke 421 mit ihren zahnförmigen Elementen 423 besteht hingegen aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material. Die Elemente 423 grenzen, wie Fig. 10 zeigt, an die Trennebene des Klemmenkörpers an, so daß das Maul wie bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß den Fig. 7 und 8 auch gegen das Kabelzentrum hin geöffnet ist. Im Ausführungsbeispiel sind die Elemente 423 an den Isolierkörper 405' des Klemmenkörperteils 405 angeformt, und zwar dort, wo die sich nach außen erstreckenden Flansche angesetzt sind. Die äußere Maulflanke 423 wird also durch einen Teil des Isolierkörpers 405' gebildet. Es wäre aber auch möglich, zur Bildung der äußeren Maulflanke einen vom Isolierkörper getrennten Körper vorzusehen. In diesem Falle wäre es vorteilhaft, mit dieser Maulflanke diejenige des gegenüberliegenden Maules zu vereinigen. Zur Positionierung der Maulflanke könnte diese an eine dünne Platte angeformt sein, welche entsprechend der Platte 227 des Ausführungsbeispiels gemäß den Fig. 7 und 8 zwischen die Adern eingeführt wird. Ferner wäre es auch möglich, die innere Maulflanke aus elektrisch isolierendem Material zu bilden und ihre Zähne beispielsweise an die Trennwand 405" anzuformen. Die äußere, vom Kontaktkörper zu bildende Maulflanke müßte sich dann bis etwa in diejenige Position erstrecken, in der in Fig. 10 die Elemente 423 liegen.The embodiment shown in FIG. 10 differs from that according to FIGS. 10 and 11 essentially only in that the contact bodies 416 only form the inner jaw flank 418 with the contact element 419 in the form of one or more cutting edges lying next to one another in the longitudinal direction of the cable receiving channel. The outer mouth flank 421 with its tooth-shaped elements 423, however, consists of an electrically insulating material. The elements 423, as shown in FIG. 10, adjoin the parting plane of the terminal body, so that the mouth, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8, is also open towards the cable center. In the exemplary embodiment, the elements 423 are molded onto the insulating body 405 ′ of the clamp body part 405, specifically where the flanges extending outward are attached. The outer jaw flank 423 is thus formed by part of the insulating body 405 '. But it would also be possible to provide a body separate from the insulating body to form the outer mouth flank. In this case, it would be advantageous to combine that of the opposite mouth with this jaw flank. To position the mouth flank, this could be formed on a thin plate, which is inserted between the wires according to plate 227 of the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 7 and 8. Furthermore, it would also be possible to form the inner jaw flank from electrically insulating material and to mold its teeth, for example, to the dividing wall 405 ". The outer jaw flank to be formed by the contact body would then have to extend to approximately the position in which in FIG. 10 the elements 423 lie.

Wie Fig. 10 zeigt, kann man, und zwar nicht nur bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel, die Kriechstromfestigkeit und Überschlagssicherheit dadurch vergrößern, daß man die Trennwand 405" des einen Klemmenkörperteils die entsprechende Trennwand des anderen Klemmenkörperteils übergreifen läßt, beispielsweise derart, daß beide Trennwände je eine Schrägfläche als Anlage für die Schrägfläche der anderen Trennwand haben. Aus dem selben Grunde kann man in der Teilungsebene des Klemmenkörpers zwei dünne Isolierplatten anordnen, die in Fig. 10 durch strichpunktierte Linien angedeutet und mit der Isolierplatte 227 der Klemme gemäß Fig. 7 vergleichbar sind.As shown in Fig. 10, one can, and not only in this embodiment, increase the tracking resistance and arcing resistance by letting the partition 405 "of one terminal body part overlap the corresponding partition of the other terminal body part, for example in such a way that both partition walls each have one Have an inclined surface as an attachment for the inclined surface of the other partition. For the same reason, two thin insulating plates can be arranged in the parting plane of the terminal body, which are indicated by dash-dotted lines in FIG. 10 and are comparable to the insulating plate 227 of the terminal according to FIG. 7.

Claims (6)

1. Clamp for connecting electrical conductors (1) to a multiple-core cable (2) of an energy supply system, the insulated cores (2') of which are arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis of the cable, having a multipart clamp body (5; 505) which form a channel (7) for accommodating the cable (2) and which can enclose the latter, a terminal for at least one of the electrical conductors (1) and at least one mouth (17), for accommodating the electrical core (2') to be contacted, and having in the area of the mouth flanks (18; 21; 518, 521) which laterally define the mouth, at least one penetration component (19, 23; 519, 523) each, which can penetrate the core insulation (3) made of plastics materials and contact the core (2'), wherein at least one of the mouth flanks (18,21; 521) with its penetration component (19,23; 523) is formed by a contact body (16, 516), and the forces occurring at the mouth flanks (18,21: 518,521) during expansion of the mouth width are transmitted to the clamp body (5; 505) and/ or to the contact body (16; 516) without stressing the insulation (3) of any of the cores (2'), characterised in that the contact body (16; 516) is disposed in the clamp body (5; 505) so that it can rotate about at least one axis which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the channel (7) accommodating the cable.
Clamp according to Claim 1, characterised in that the mouth (17) is designed to be resiliently expandable.
Clamp according to Claim 2, the mouth (17) of which is formed entirely by the contact body (16; 516), characterised in that one of the two flanks of the contact body (16; 516) forming the mouth flanks (18, 21) is resiliently flexible so as to expand the mouth width when the conductor is inserted into the mouth.
Clamp according to either of Claims 1 or 2, of which one mouth flank comprises electrically insulating material, characterised in that the electrically insulating mouth flank (518) is formed integrally with the clamp body or a part (505) thereof.
Clamp according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised by the assembling of the clamp body parts to form a complete clamp body, without connection pieces being required.
Coupler with a coupler housing (38) divided longitudinally into two parts (38', 38") and having sealable cable inlet apertures (41, 42) and at least one feed aperture (44) for casting resin, with h a clamp (31) for connecting electrical conductors (36) to a multiple-core cable (33) of an energy supply system, which cable surrounds the insulated cores (32) arranged concentrically to the longitudinal axis of the cable, wherein the clamp (33) has a multipart clamp body (34,35) which can enclose the cable (33), a terminal for at least one of the electrical conductors (36), and at least one mouth (17) for accommodating the core to be contacted, which mouth in the area of the mouth flanks (18,21: 418,421; 518,521) defining the mouth laterally has at least one penetration component (19,23; 219,223; 419,423; 519,523) each, which can penetrate the core insulation, wherein at least one of the mouth flanks (18,21; 221; 418; 521) with its penetration component (19,23; 219,223; 419; 523) is formed by a contact body (16; 116; 216; 316; 416; 516), and the forces occurring on the mouth flanks (18,21; 221; 418,421; 518,521) during expansion of the mouth width are transmitted to the clamp body (34,35) and / or to the contact body (16; 116; 216; 316; 416; 516) without stressing the insulation of any of the cores (23), characterised in that each of the two parts (38', 38") of the coupler housing (38) is joined integrally with one of the two parts (34, 35) of the two-part clamp body.
EP84101952A 1983-02-25 1984-02-24 Clamp and sleeve for such a clamp Expired - Lifetime EP0124695B2 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT84101952T ATE25171T1 (en) 1983-02-25 1984-02-24 CLAMP AND SLEEVE FOR SUCH CLAMP.
DE19848408970 DE8408970U1 (en) 1984-02-24 1984-03-23 sleeve

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3306572 1983-02-25
DE3306572 1983-02-25
DE3330627 1983-08-25
DE3330627A DE3330627C2 (en) 1983-02-25 1983-08-25 Clamp

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0124695A1 EP0124695A1 (en) 1984-11-14
EP0124695B1 EP0124695B1 (en) 1987-01-21
EP0124695B2 true EP0124695B2 (en) 1993-06-23

Family

ID=25808521

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84101952A Expired - Lifetime EP0124695B2 (en) 1983-02-25 1984-02-24 Clamp and sleeve for such a clamp

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0124695B2 (en)
DE (2) DE3330627C2 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8617560D0 (en) * 1986-07-18 1986-08-28 Raychem Gmbh Cable connector
DE4041781A1 (en) * 1990-12-24 1992-06-25 Kabelmetal Electro Gmbh BRANCHING SLEEVE FOR LOW VOLTAGE CABLES
DE4312713C2 (en) * 1993-04-20 1997-03-06 Hochspannungs Armaturenwerk Cable branch clamp
DE4405964C1 (en) * 1994-02-24 1995-05-24 Pfisterer Elektrotech Karl Tap-off clamp for electrical network distribution cable
FI97175C (en) * 1994-12-13 1996-10-25 Abb Industry Oy Connector for connecting a three-phase cable and the method of manufacturing the connector
DE20023929U1 (en) * 2000-11-22 2007-09-20 Pfisterer Kontaktsysteme Gmbh & Co. Kg Device for the simultaneous electrical connection of the main conductors of a power supply line, each with at least one branch conductor, in particular Schraubkompaktklemme
DE102018117906B4 (en) 2018-07-24 2021-01-07 Christoph Mühlhans Distribution device and system for guiding and distributing electrical energy and for providing a data-conducting communication link
CN110153454B (en) * 2019-04-04 2024-06-11 珠海罗西尼表业有限公司 Clamp
CN112393677B (en) * 2020-10-12 2022-06-10 浙江航鑫支吊架有限公司 Intelligent anti-seismic support and hanger system based on Internet of things

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DE1790050B1 (en) * 1968-08-31 1970-12-23 Schiffmann Dipl Kfm Alois Cable clamping ring
DE2225255A1 (en) * 1971-05-24 1973-05-10 Burndy Corp CONNECTOR FOR A SECTOR ELECTRIC CABLE
US3848955A (en) * 1973-08-09 1974-11-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp Electrical connector for tapping a concentric electrical cable
BE810230A (en) * 1974-01-28 1974-05-16 BYPASS TERMINAL FOR INSULATED CABLE.
DE2430066C3 (en) * 1974-06-22 1980-10-30 Arcus Elektrotechnik Alois Schiffmann Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen Multi-phase electrical connection or branch terminal
DE2444440C3 (en) * 1974-09-17 1980-04-30 Arcus Elektrotechnik Alois Schiffmann Gmbh, 8000 Muenchen Multi-phase electrical clamping device
NL7905180A (en) * 1979-07-03 1981-01-06 Electriciteits Mij Ijsselcentr CABLE SLEEVE.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3330627C2 (en) 1990-03-08
EP0124695A1 (en) 1984-11-14
DE3462202D1 (en) 1987-02-26
DE3330627A1 (en) 1984-08-30
EP0124695B1 (en) 1987-01-21

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