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EP0110800B1 - Construction elements - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP0110800B1
EP0110800B1 EP83440057A EP83440057A EP0110800B1 EP 0110800 B1 EP0110800 B1 EP 0110800B1 EP 83440057 A EP83440057 A EP 83440057A EP 83440057 A EP83440057 A EP 83440057A EP 0110800 B1 EP0110800 B1 EP 0110800B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
module
modules
cubes
assemblage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83440057A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0110800A1 (en
Inventor
Marcel Boeglin
Gérard Boeglin
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT83440057T priority Critical patent/ATE41316T1/en
Publication of EP0110800A1 publication Critical patent/EP0110800A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0110800B1 publication Critical patent/EP0110800B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63FCARD, BOARD, OR ROULETTE GAMES; INDOOR GAMES USING SMALL MOVING PLAYING BODIES; VIDEO GAMES; GAMES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • A63F9/00Games not otherwise provided for
    • A63F9/06Patience; Other games for self-amusement
    • A63F9/12Three-dimensional jig-saw puzzles
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63HTOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
    • A63H33/00Other toys
    • A63H33/04Building blocks, strips, or similar building parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a construction game which can be used in particular for recreational, educational, pedagogical, psychotechnical, decorative and artistic purposes.
  • the present invention aims to develop a construction game consisting of parts allowing many combinations and whose assembly is simple, quick and easy while ensuring good cohesion to the constructions thus produced.
  • the subject of the invention is a construction game composed of elements each consisting of at least two modules, each of which is formed by four identical elementary cubes, or of geometric volumes inscribed in these cubes, arranged so as to be inscribed together in an imaginary cube whose side is double that of an elementary cube, the four cubes of a module being arranged along three edges of said imaginary cube and the centers of said elementary cubes not being located in the same plane,
  • this construction game being essentially characterized in that one or two faces of one or two elementary cubes of each module is secured to one or two faces of one or two elementary cubes of a module adjacent, at least one module of the element being joined only by one of these faces to a single adjacent module and the construction element thus formed as a whole forming part of the volume formed by the set of cubes imaginary corresponding to the number of constituent modules of the element.
  • the constituent modules of the elements are of three types, namely left modules, right modules and symmetrical modules.
  • a left or right module can be assembled with an identical module according to two distinct relative orientations to form with said module a cube.
  • the left and right modules are deduced from each other by a symmetry with respect to a plane.
  • a symmetrical module can be assembled with a second symmetrical module according to three distinct orientations deduced from each other by 120 ° rotations of one of the modules around the axis passing through the center of the cube formed by these modules and the vertex of this cube, from which the three edges from which the three branches of said module are directed.
  • Each module contains four small cubes, so that its assembly with an identical module generates a large cube with an edge double that of the small ones.
  • a symmetrical module is characterized in that the four small cubes it contains are arranged along the three edges from the same top of the large cube. In a left or right module, the four small cubes are arranged along the three edges joining two opposite vertices of the large cube.
  • a similar left module can be deduced from the right module by symmetry.
  • An improvement in the cohesion of the assemblies can be obtained by the use of elements operating by wedging, or of elements comprising protrusions and complementary depressions.
  • An element operating by wedging comprises at least two branches forming, for example, a U and which compress at least one of the elements which cooperate with said element, when this element is completed by as many modules as it can be.
  • Such steric hindrance problems are solved within the framework of the invention by means of elements comprising at least one separable or movable part in translation and / or in rotation and which can be retracted momentarily to allow their insertion or the insertion of the or the following. After positioning of the elements, the separable or movable parts can be placed in the desired position, which has the effect of locking the assembly. Elements having movable parts have the additional advantage of combining two or more monolithic elements into a single element and therefore allow a greater number of combinations.
  • the construction elements each consist of at least four modules which do not form a closed cycle.
  • the construction element comprising at least one module (R, L, S) and capable of being assembled with at least one such module (R, L, S), these modules (R, L, S) adapting to each other so as to form a cube, is characterized in that it is essentially constituted by two modules R or L or S.
  • C / s modules are advantageously connected together so that the cubes obtained by assembling said modules (R, L, S) with identical or similar modules constitute two by two of the rectangular parallelepipeds ( Figures 4, 7 and 10).
  • the construction element comprises at least five small cubes, preferably six, joined together so as to form in said element at least two distinct modules which can be completed at least successively by an R, L or S module.
  • Figures 3a, 3b and 3c show an element 21 consisting of two left modules as well as two non-equivalent assemblies of two such elements 21 and 21 '.
  • the two elements 21 and 21 ' cooperate in a straight line while in that of Figure 3c, these same elements cooperate at right angles.
  • Figures 4a to 4d show an element 22 consisting of a straight module and a symmetrical module as well as three non-equivalent assemblies of two such elements 22 and 22 ', cooperating by their symmetrical modules.
  • FIGS. 11 to 15 show periodic constructions, which may contain their constituent elements in any number.
  • FIGS. 11 to 13 represent simply periodic structures
  • FIG. 14 shows a doubly periodic structure composed of elements 37 constituted by two symmetrical modules and by a straight module
  • FIG. 15 represents a triple periodic structure composed of elements 38 constituted by four symmetrical modules.
  • the structures of Figures 11 and 12 have the distinction of being able to be constructed or disassembled only by the addition or removal of a single element at a time at the ends each added element blocking the previous one as each mesh added to a knit prevents the previous to unravel.
  • Figure 13 shows a similar structure at the ends of which the elements 36 of which it is composed can be added in pairs 36, 36 ', each pair 36, 36' added blocking the previous pair 36 ", 36" "and ensuring, closely nearby, perfect cohesion to the construction.
  • FIG. 11b The structure of FIG. 11b consists of elements 35, an isolated copy of which is shown in FIG. 11a, assembled at right angles. The construction thus obtained has a 4th order helical symmetry.
  • FIGS. 26a and 26c show by way of example an extensible element 27 consisting of a left module L and a right module R joined by a rod 50 contained in said modules and along which at least one of the modules can slide away from each other to an extreme position of maximum stretch of the element.
  • Figure 26a shows the element 27 in its contracted state where the left and right modules which constitute it are joined.
  • Figures 26b and 26c show the same element in two stretched states. The length of the maximum stretched element is greater than its length in the contracted state by an amount at least equal to the length of the edge of a small cube.
  • the stretch is substantially equal to or slightly greater than twice the edge of a small cube.
  • FIGS. 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d show, by way of example, an element 30 consisting of two straight modules which can rotate relative to one another about their connecting axis D.
  • the element comprises, of preferably, a device making it possible to block it in each of the four particular conformations 30, 51, 52 and 53 shown in FIGS. 27a to 27d.
  • Figures 28, 29 and 30 relate to a device for producing expandable elements, the two parts joined by said device can also pivot about their connecting axis and be locked in four different relative orientations.
  • Figure 28 is a sectional view of an element consisting, for example, of a left module "L and a right module” R joined by one end and comprising such a device.
  • the a left bore is traversed by a bore comprising a shoulder 54 at the end of said module in contact with the right module.
  • the connection between the two modules is carried out by means of a square head screw 50 on which are threaded a guide washer 55 and a spring 56 before said screw is introduced into the bore of the left module and screwed into the module law.
  • the bore is closed by means of a circular cover 57 having on its inner face a square depression 58 adapted to the shape of the head 59 of the screw and covering said head when the two modules are joined.
  • Figure 29 is a row view of the cover, the screw and the guide washer.
  • a fine washer 60 placed between the spring 56 and the shoulder 54 forming the bottom of the bore prevents wear of said shoulder by the end of the spring.
  • the length at rest of the spring is preferably chosen to be as large as possible, so that said spring applies the two modules against each other with a force differing as little as possible from the force which is necessary to hold said modules in their position of maximum distance.
  • Figure 30 is a sectional view of the same element produced according to a variant of the previous device in order to allow an amplitude of translation of its constituent modules at least equal or double the edge of a small cube.
  • This device is characterized in that each of the two parts R, L thus assembled is traversed by a bore containing a spring 56, 56 '.
  • the connection between said parts is carried out by means of a rod 50 comprising at one of its ends a cylindrical head 61 and at the other end a circular groove in which is embedded an open ring 62 on which a washer of guide 55.
  • the spring 56 bears on one side on the bottom 54 of the bore and on the other on the guide washer 55.
  • the spring 56' bears on one side on the bottom 54 'of the bore and on the other on the head 61 of the rod.
  • the rotational locking of the two parts R, L is ensured by a square plate 63 threaded on the rod between said parts which comprise, on the opposite faces of one another, a square depression 64, 64 'of a depth substantially equal to half the thickness of the wafer.
  • the plate can be secured to one of the parts.
  • the connection between the modules can also be carried out by means of a pre-stressed elastic sleeve, for example made of rubber.
  • Figure 31 is a perspective view of the body of a straight module for the production of elements according to the devices described above.
  • Figure 32a shows a construction made up of three elements 65, 65 ', 65 ".
  • the assembly is not possible by means of three monolithic and non-deformable elements, but can be carried out if one of said elements is stretchable of an amount at least equal to the edge of a small cube, as can be seen in Figure 32b.
  • FIG. 33a shows an assembly of three elements 52, 52 ′, 52 "according to the invention made up of two straight modules joined together so as to be able to pivot around their connecting axis D and being in the configuration shown in FIG. 27c
  • the phases of disassembly (and, in the opposite direction, of assembly) are illustrated by FIGS. 33b and 33c.
  • the element 52 arranged vertically is placed in the conformation 30 shown in FIG. 27a. So that the element 52 ′, arranged horizontally and from front to back, can be extracted upwards, it suffices then (see FIG. 33c) to place it in the conformation 53 shown in FIG. 27d. can be carried out easily, it is preferable that the elements 52, 52 ′, 52 ′′ used for the realization of the present construction are extensible in the direction of their axis of rotation and / or that their edges are rounded.
  • Cases of steric hindrance of the type illustrated in FIGS. 32a-32b can also be resolved by means of elements made of a sufficiently flexible material such as rubber or neoprene so that they can be stretched with a quantity at least equal to the length of the edge of a small cube.
  • a circular section or close to a circle of such elements will allow or facilitate the resolution, by twisting of these elements, of cases of steric impediments such as those of FIGS. 33a to 33c.
  • any element or module in accordance with the invention may be composed of more than two separable or movable parts in translation and / or in rotation with respect to each other.
  • Figures 38 and 39 show, with strongly exaggerated curvatures, two embodiments of an element 27 operating by wedging.
  • an element 27 When such an element 27 is constituted by a left module and a right module, its two branches 70, 71 are spaced apart elastically by said modules and maintain the latter by the pressure that they exert on them. So that they can be easily assembled, the elements operating by wedging and the elements intended to cooperate with them preferably have rounded edges. Many other elements which do not fall within the scope of these definitions can also operate by wedging, such as for example elements 51, 53 of FIGS. 27b and 27d, elements 74 of FIG. 17, elements 32, 33, 77 , 78, 28, 31 of FIG. 18 and the elements 80, 48, of FIG. 19.
  • Figures 40 to 50 show alternative embodiments of the elements according to the invention, in which the different modules have octagonal ( Figures 40 to 42) or cruciform ( Figures 45 to 50) sections. Such embodiments make it possible to make the manipulation more pleasant and smoother operation, while giving the elements an original and aesthetic character. In addition, these embodiments also make it possible to easily manufacture the elements by molding by reducing the deformations due to shrinkage, and a gain in raw material.
  • each protuberance of each of said modules or elements fits into the corresponding depression of the other element or module thanks to a slight elastic deformation of said modules or elements.
  • Figures 51 and 52 show an element 127 consisting of a right module R and a left module L and having protrusions in the form of grooves 103, 104 complementary, said beads and said grooves being arranged so that, when two such R or L modules cooperate to form a cube, the beads 101 and 102 of one come to lodge in the grooves 103 and 104 of the other, and this in the two relative orientations in which said R or L modules can be assembled to form a cube.
  • the element 127 shown in the figures is completed by a right module R and a left module L comprising such modules R and L or the elements comprising said modules are maintained by said protuberances and depressions.
  • the beads 101 and the grooves 103 or the beads 102 and the grooves 104 can be eliminated.
  • the shape and arrangement of the protrusions and depressions can be varied.
  • protrusions and depressions are also applicable to symmetrical modules S and to elements comprising such modules, the configuration of said systems being designed in such a way that the protrusions of such a module adapt to the depressions of a identical module in the three relative orientations in which said modules can be assembled to form a cube.
  • Suitable configurations are easily deduced from the polar configurations indicated in particular in FIGS. 36 and 37.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Conveying And Assembling Of Building Elements In Situ (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Abstract

The construction elements are provided as assembly modules (R-L-S) capable of cooperating with at least one such assembly module (R-L-S), said modules (R-L-S) being interadaptable so as to form a tube, and characterized in that they are each comprised of two or three modules.

Description

L'invention concerne un jeu de construction utilisable notamment à des fins ludiques, éducatives, pédagogiques, psychotechniques, décoratives et artistiques.The invention relates to a construction game which can be used in particular for recreational, educational, pedagogical, psychotechnical, decorative and artistic purposes.

De nombreux jeux de construction ont été proposés à ce jour, faisant appel à des éléments de formes et de dimensions variées, ainsi ceux décrits dans les brevets :

  • - DE-A-1,659,245 relatif à un jeu de construction composé de pièces à cadre ouvert ou fermé formées par assemblage d'éléments constitués de modules carrés ou parallélépipédiques.
  • - US-A-4,153,254 concernant un puzzle tridimensionnel composé d'une pluralité de pièces dont chacune est unique.
  • - US-A-3,655,201 ayant trait à un puzzle tridimensionnel composé d'au moins huit pièces décorées extérieurement et susceptibles d'être assemblées de façons différentes grâce à des moyens magnétiques ou mécaniques.
  • - US-A-3,065,970 concernant un puzzle tridimensionnel composé de pièces constituées chacune de 4 à 6 cubes identiques et offrant une multiplicité de solutions.
Many construction games have been proposed to date, using elements of various shapes and sizes, such as those described in the patents:
  • - DE-A-1,659,245 relating to a construction set consisting of parts with an open or closed frame formed by assembling elements made up of square or rectangular modules.
  • - US-A-4,153,254 concerning a three-dimensional puzzle composed of a plurality of pieces each of which is unique.
  • - US-A-3,655,201 relating to a three-dimensional puzzle composed of at least eight pieces decorated externally and capable of being assembled in different ways using magnetic or mechanical means.
  • - US-A-3,065,970 concerning a three-dimensional puzzle composed of pieces each consisting of 4 to 6 identical cubes and offering a multiplicity of solutions.

La présente invention a pour but l'élaboration d'un jeu de construction constitué de pièces permettant de nombreuses combinaisons et dont l'assemblage est simple, rapide et aisé tout en assurant une bonne cohésion aux constructions ainsi réalisées.The present invention aims to develop a construction game consisting of parts allowing many combinations and whose assembly is simple, quick and easy while ensuring good cohesion to the constructions thus produced.

A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un jeu de construction composé d'éléments constitués chacun d'au moins deux modules dont chacun est formé de quatre cubes élémentaires identiques, ou de volumes géométriques inscrits dans ces cubes, disposés de manière à être inscrits ensemble dans un cube imaginaire dont le côté est le double de celui d'un cube élémentaire, les quatre cubes d'un module étant disposés le long de trois arêtes dudit cube imaginaire et les centres desdits cubes l'élémentaire n'étant pas situés dans le même plan, ce jeu de construction étant essentiellement caractérisé en ce qu'une ou deux faces d'un ou de deux cubes élémentaires de chaque module est solidarisée à une ou deux faces d'un ou de deux cubes élémentaires d'un module adjacent, au moins un module de l'élément n'étant solidarisé que par une seule de ces faces à un seul module adjacent et l'élément de construction ainsi formé s'inscrivant dans son ensemble à l'intérieur du volume formé par l'ensemble des cubes imaginaires correspondant au nombre de modules constitutifs de l'élément.To this end, the subject of the invention is a construction game composed of elements each consisting of at least two modules, each of which is formed by four identical elementary cubes, or of geometric volumes inscribed in these cubes, arranged so as to be inscribed together in an imaginary cube whose side is double that of an elementary cube, the four cubes of a module being arranged along three edges of said imaginary cube and the centers of said elementary cubes not being located in the same plane, this construction game being essentially characterized in that one or two faces of one or two elementary cubes of each module is secured to one or two faces of one or two elementary cubes of a module adjacent, at least one module of the element being joined only by one of these faces to a single adjacent module and the construction element thus formed as a whole forming part of the volume formed by the set of cubes imaginary corresponding to the number of constituent modules of the element.

Les modules constitutifs des éléments sont de trois types, à savoir des modules gauches, des modules droits et des modules symétriques.The constituent modules of the elements are of three types, namely left modules, right modules and symmetrical modules.

Un module gauche ou droit est susceptible d'être assemblé avec un module identique selon deux orientations relatives distinctes pour former avec ledit module un cube. Les modules gauches et droits se déduisent l'un de l'autre par une symétrie par rapport à un plan.A left or right module can be assembled with an identical module according to two distinct relative orientations to form with said module a cube. The left and right modules are deduced from each other by a symmetry with respect to a plane.

Un module symétrique peut être assemblé avec un deuxième module symétrique selon trois orientations distinctes se déduisant les unes des autres par des rotations de 120° de l'un des modules autour de l'axe passant par le centre du cube formé par ces modules et le sommet de ce cube, dont sont issues les trois arêtes suivant lesquelles sont dirigées les trois branches dudit module. Chaque module renferme quatre petits cubes, de sorte que son assemblage avec un module identique engendre un grand cube d'arête double de celle des petits. Un module symétrique est caractérisé en ce que les quatre petits cubes qu'il renferme son disposés le long des trois arêtes issues d'un même sommet du grand cube. Dans un module gauche ou droit, les quatre petits cubes sont disposés le long des trois arêtes joignant deux sommets opposés du grand cube. Un module gauche analogue peut être déduit du module droit par symétrie.A symmetrical module can be assembled with a second symmetrical module according to three distinct orientations deduced from each other by 120 ° rotations of one of the modules around the axis passing through the center of the cube formed by these modules and the vertex of this cube, from which the three edges from which the three branches of said module are directed. Each module contains four small cubes, so that its assembly with an identical module generates a large cube with an edge double that of the small ones. A symmetrical module is characterized in that the four small cubes it contains are arranged along the three edges from the same top of the large cube. In a left or right module, the four small cubes are arranged along the three edges joining two opposite vertices of the large cube. A similar left module can be deduced from the right module by symmetry.

Une amélioration de la cohésion des assemblages peut être obtenue par l'emploi d'éléments fonctionnant par coincement, ou d'éléments comportant des protubérances et des dépressions complémentaires.An improvement in the cohesion of the assemblies can be obtained by the use of elements operating by wedging, or of elements comprising protrusions and complementary depressions.

Un élément fonctionnant par coincement comporte au moins deux branches formant, par exemple, un U et qui compriment au moins l'un des éléments qui coopèrent avec ledit élément, lorsque cet élément est complété par autant de modules qu'il peut l'être.An element operating by wedging comprises at least two branches forming, for example, a U and which compress at least one of the elements which cooperate with said element, when this element is completed by as many modules as it can be.

Il est possible que la mise en place dans l'assemblage d'un ou de plusieurs éléments soit empêchée par l'environnement de l'élément ou des éléments avec lesquels le ou lesdits éléments supplémentaires sont destinés à coopérer.It is possible that the installation in the assembly of one or more elements is prevented by the environment of the element or elements with which the said additional element or elements are intended to cooperate.

De tels problèmes d'empêchements stériques sont résolus dans le cadre de l'invention au moyen d'éléments comportant au moins une partie séparable ou mobile en translation et/ou en rotation et pouvant être escamotée momentanément pour permettre leur insertion ou l'insertion du ou des éléments suivants. Après mise en place des éléments, les parties séparables ou mobiles peuvent être placées dans la position désirée, ce qui a pour effet de verrouiller l'assemblage. Des éléments comportant des parties mobiles ont pour avantage supplémentaire de réunir en un seul deux ou plusieurs éléments monolithiques et permettent par conséquent un plus grand nombre de combinaison.Such steric hindrance problems are solved within the framework of the invention by means of elements comprising at least one separable or movable part in translation and / or in rotation and which can be retracted momentarily to allow their insertion or the insertion of the or the following. After positioning of the elements, the separable or movable parts can be placed in the desired position, which has the effect of locking the assembly. Elements having movable parts have the additional advantage of combining two or more monolithic elements into a single element and therefore allow a greater number of combinations.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les éléments de construction sont constitués chacun par au moins quatre modules ne formant pas un cycle fermé.According to another characteristic of the invention, the construction elements each consist of at least four modules which do not form a closed cycle.

L'invention sera mieux comprise grâce à la description ci-après, qui se rapporte à des modes de réalisation préférés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs, et expliqués avec référence aux dessins schématiques annexés, dans lesquels :

  • - la figure la montre un élément conforme à l'invention constitué de deux modules droits ;
  • - la figure 1 montre un élément constitué par un module gauche et un module droit ;
  • - la figure 2 représente une variante de réalisation de la figure 1 comportant deux modules symétriques ;
  • - les figures 3a, 3b et 3c montrent un élément constitué de deux modules gauches ainsi que les deux assemblages réalisables selon l'invention au moyen de deux tels éléments ;
  • - les figures 4a, 4b, 4c et 4d montrent un élément constitué d'un module droit et d'un module symétrique, ainsi que trois assemblages réalisés au moyen de deux tels éléments en faisant coopérer leurs modules symétriques ;
  • - les figures 5 à 15 montrent quelques exemples de constructions réalisées au moyen d'éléments conformes à l'invention ;
  • - les figures 16 à 21 montrent de façon non limitative une collection d'éléments conformes à l'invention ;
  • - la figure 22 montre à titre d'exemple quelques éléments comportant des parties pouvant être translatées par glissement des unes sur les autres ;
  • - les figures 23 et 24 sont relatives à la réalisation d'un dispositif de liaison de deux parties pouvant être translatées par glissement de l'une sur l'autre ;
  • - les figures 26a, 26b et 26c montrent un exemple d'élément comportant des parties mobiles par translation le long de leur axe de liaison ;
  • - les figures 27a à 27d montrent un exemple d'élément comportant des parties mobiles en rotation ;
  • - les figures 28 à 31 sont relatives à la réalisation de dispositifs de liaison entre deux parties mobiles en translation et/ou en rotation ;
  • - les figures 32a et 32b montrent un exemple d'utilisation d'éléments comportant des parties mobiles en translation le long de leur axe de liaison ;
  • - les figures 33a à 33c montrent un exemple d'utilisation d'éléments comportant des parties mobiles en rotation autour de leur axe de liaison ;
  • - les figures 38 et 39 montrent deux éléments permettant la réalisation de liaisons par coincement ;
  • - la figure 40 montre deux vues d'un module droit de section octogonale obtenu par troncature d'un module droit de section carrée ;
  • - la figure 41 représente un élément de section octogonale composé de deux modules droits ;
  • - la figure 42 montre deux vues d'un module symétrique de section octogonale obtenu par troncature d'un module de section carrée ;
  • - la figure 45 montre un module droit de section cruciforme ;
  • - la figure 46 représente un élément de section cruciforme composé de deux modules droits ;
  • - la figure 47 représente un module symétrique de section cruciforme ;
  • - la figure 48 montre un élément de section cruciforme composé de deux modules symétriques ;
  • - la figure 49 représente une section cruciforme particulière ;
  • - la figure 50 est une illustration d'une nouvelle possibilité d'assemblage offerte par la section cruciforme particulière, et
  • - les figures 51 à 54 représentent d'autres modes de réalisation d'éléments de construction.
The invention will be better understood thanks to the description below, which relates to preferred embodiments, given by way of nonlimiting examples, and explained with reference to the appended schematic drawings, in which:
  • - Figure la shows an element according to the invention consisting of two straight modules;
  • - Figure 1 shows an element consisting of a left module and a right module;
  • - Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of Figure 1 comprising two symmetrical modules;
  • - Figures 3a, 3b and 3c show an element consisting of two left modules and the two assemblies achievable according to the invention by means of two such elements;
  • - Figures 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d show an element consisting of a straight module and a symmetrical module, as well as three assemblies made by means of two such elements by making their symmetrical modules cooperate;
  • - Figures 5 to 15 show some examples of constructions made using elements according to the invention;
  • - Figures 16 to 21 show, without limitation, a collection of elements according to the invention;
  • - Figure 22 shows by way of example some elements comprising parts which can be translated by sliding one over the other;
  • - Figures 23 and 24 relate to the production of a device for connecting two parts which can be translated by sliding one over the other;
  • - Figures 26a, 26b and 26c show an example of an element comprising parts movable by translation along their connecting axis;
  • - Figures 27a to 27d show an example of an element comprising parts movable in rotation;
  • - Figures 28 to 31 relate to the production of connecting devices between two moving parts in translation and / or in rotation;
  • - Figures 32a and 32b show an example of the use of elements comprising parts movable in translation along their connecting axis;
  • - Figures 33a to 33c show an example of the use of elements comprising parts which are mobile in rotation about their connecting axis;
  • - Figures 38 and 39 show two elements allowing the realization of connections by wedging;
  • - Figure 40 shows two views of a right module of octagonal section obtained by truncation of a right module of square section;
  • - Figure 41 shows an octagonal section element composed of two straight modules;
  • - Figure 42 shows two views of a symmetrical module of octagonal section obtained by truncation of a module of square section;
  • - Figure 45 shows a straight cross-section module;
  • - Figure 46 shows a cruciform section element composed of two straight modules;
  • - Figure 47 shows a symmetrical module of cross-section;
  • - Figure 48 shows an element of cruciform section composed of two symmetrical modules;
  • - Figure 49 shows a particular cruciform section;
  • FIG. 50 is an illustration of a new possibility of assembly offered by the particular cruciform section, and
  • - Figures 51 to 54 show other embodiments of construction elements.

Conformément à l'invention, et comme le montrent plus particulièrement les figures 1 à 3 des dessins annexés, l'élément de construction comprenant au moins un module (R, L, S) et susceptible d'être assemblé avec au moins un tel module (R, L, S), ces modules (R, L, S) s'adaptant mutuellement de manière à former un cube, est caractérisé en ce qu'il est essentiellement constitué par deux modules R ou L ou S. C/s modules sont avantageusement reliés entre eux de manière à ce que les cubes obtenus en assemblant lesdits modules (R, L, S) avec des modules identiques ou de même nature constituent deux à deux des parallépipèdes rectangles (figures 4, 7 et 10).According to the invention, and as shown more particularly in Figures 1 to 3 of the accompanying drawings, the construction element comprising at least one module (R, L, S) and capable of being assembled with at least one such module (R, L, S), these modules (R, L, S) adapting to each other so as to form a cube, is characterized in that it is essentially constituted by two modules R or L or S. C / s modules are advantageously connected together so that the cubes obtained by assembling said modules (R, L, S) with identical or similar modules constitute two by two of the rectangular parallelepipeds (Figures 4, 7 and 10).

Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention (figure 1b) l'élément de construction comporte au moins cinq petits cubes, de préférence six, réunis de façon à former dans ledit élément au moins deux modules distincts pouvant être complétés au moins successivement par un module R, L ou S.According to another embodiment of the invention (FIG. 1b) the construction element comprises at least five small cubes, preferably six, joined together so as to form in said element at least two distinct modules which can be completed at least successively by an R, L or S module.

Les figures 3a, 3b et 3c montrent un élément 21 constitué de deux modules gauches ainsi que deux assemblages non équivalents de deux tels éléments 21 et 21'. Dans l'assemblage de la figure 3b, les deux éléments 21 et 21' coopèrent en ligne droite alors que dans celui de la figure 3c, ces mêmes éléments coopèrent à angle droit.Figures 3a, 3b and 3c show an element 21 consisting of two left modules as well as two non-equivalent assemblies of two such elements 21 and 21 '. In the assembly of Figure 3b, the two elements 21 and 21 'cooperate in a straight line while in that of Figure 3c, these same elements cooperate at right angles.

Les figures 4a à 4d montrent un élément 22 constitué d'un module droit et d'un module symétrique ainsi que trois assemblages non équivalents de deux tels éléments 22 et 22', coopérant par leurs modules symétriques.Figures 4a to 4d show an element 22 consisting of a straight module and a symmetrical module as well as three non-equivalent assemblies of two such elements 22 and 22 ', cooperating by their symmetrical modules.

La description qui précède de modes de réalisations et de formes d'exécution possibles de l'invention montre que celle-ci englobe un grand nombre d'éléments très divers. Cette diversité, alliée à la faculté des éléments de pouvoir être assemblés non seulement avec des éléments identiques mais également avec des éléments différents et dans la plupart des cas selon plusieurs orientations non équivalentes, permet de combiner ces éléments en un nombre considérable de constructions extrêmement variées ainsi que cela apparaît dans les figures 5 à 15. Les éléments constitutifs des constructions des figures 7 à 10 et 12 à 15 ou les énantiomorphes de ces éléments sont représentés dans les collections d'éléments des figures 16 à 21.The foregoing description of possible embodiments and embodiments of the invention shows that it encompasses a large number of very diverse elements. This diversity, combined with the ability of the elements to be able to be assembled not only with identical elements but also with different elements and in most cases according to several non-equivalent orientations, makes it possible to combine these elements into a considerable number of extremely varied constructions. as shown in Figures 5 to 15. The constituent elements of the constructions of Figures 7 to 10 and 12 to 15 or the enantiomorphs of these elements are represented in the collections of elements of Figures 16 to 21.

  • Les figures 5a et 5b montrent un élément 23 constitué de deux modules droits et une construction composée de trois tels éléments 23, 23' et 23".Figures 5a and 5b show an element 23 consisting of two straight modules and a construction composed of three such elements 23, 23 'and 23 ".
  • Les figures 6a et 6b montrent un élément 24 constitué de deux modules symétriques et une construction composée de trois tels éléments 24, 24' et 24".Figures 6a and 6b show an element 24 made up of two symmetrical modules and a construction made up of three such elements 24, 24 'and 24 ".
  • La figure 7 représente une même construction composée de trois éléments 25 constitués de deux modules symétriques, et de trois éléments 26 énantiomorphes des trois précédents 25.FIG. 7 represents the same construction composed of three elements 25 made up of two symmetrical modules, and three enantiomorphic elements 26 from the previous three 25.
  • La figure 8 montre un cube constitué de quatre éléments 27, de deux éléments 28 et de deux éléments 29 énantiomorphes des deux précédents 28.FIG. 8 shows a cube made up of four elements 27, two elements 28 and two enantiomorphic elements 29 of the previous two 28.
  • La figure 9 montre un cube constitué de quatre éléments 32 et de quatre éléments 33.Figure 9 shows a cube made up of four elements 32 and four elements 33.
  • La construction toroïdale représentée en figure 10 est constituée de huit éléments 21 énantiomorphes des éléments 30, chaque élément 21 étant assemblé en ligne droite avec l'un 21' de ses deux partenaires et à angle droit avec l'autre 21" comme sur les figures 3b et 3c.The toroidal construction shown in FIG. 10 consists of eight enantiomorphic elements 21 of the elements 30, each element 21 being assembled in a straight line with one 21 'of its two partners and at right angles to the other 21 "as in the figures 3b and 3c.

Les figures 11 à 15 montrent des constructions périodiques, pouvant contenir leurs éléments constitutifs en nombres quelconques. Les figures 11 à 13 représentent des structures simplement périodiques, la figure 14 montre une structure doublement périodique composée d'éléments 37 constitués par deux modules symétriques et par un module droit, et la figure 15 représente une structure triplement périodique composée d'éléments 38 constitués par quatre modules symétriques. Les structures des figures 11 et 12 présentent la particularité de ne pouvoir être construites ou démontées que par l'adjonction ou le retrait d'un seul élément à la fois aux extrémités chaque élément ajouté bloquant le précédent comme chaque maille ajoutée à un tricot empêche la précédente de se démailler. La figure 13 montre une structure analogue aux extrémités de laquelle les éléments 36 dont elle est composée peuvent être ajoutés par paires 36, 36', chaque paire 36, 36' ajoutée bloquant la paire précédente 36", 36'" et assurant, de proche en proche, une parfaite cohésion à la construction.Figures 11 to 15 show periodic constructions, which may contain their constituent elements in any number. FIGS. 11 to 13 represent simply periodic structures, FIG. 14 shows a doubly periodic structure composed of elements 37 constituted by two symmetrical modules and by a straight module, and FIG. 15 represents a triple periodic structure composed of elements 38 constituted by four symmetrical modules. The structures of Figures 11 and 12 have the distinction of being able to be constructed or disassembled only by the addition or removal of a single element at a time at the ends each added element blocking the previous one as each mesh added to a knit prevents the previous to unravel. Figure 13 shows a similar structure at the ends of which the elements 36 of which it is composed can be added in pairs 36, 36 ', each pair 36, 36' added blocking the previous pair 36 ", 36" "and ensuring, closely nearby, perfect cohesion to the construction.

La structure de la figure 11b est constituée d'éléments 35 dont un exemplaire isolé est représenté en figure 11a, assemblés a angle droit. La construction ainsi obtenue possède une symétrie hélicoïdale d'ordre 4.The structure of FIG. 11b consists of elements 35, an isolated copy of which is shown in FIG. 11a, assembled at right angles. The construction thus obtained has a 4th order helical symmetry.

La structure représentée à la figure 12 est constituée d'éléments 21 assemblés à angle droit comme sur la figure 3c et présente une symétrie hélicoïdale d'ordre 3. Par sa forme, cette construction constitue également un élément selon l'invention.

  • Les figures 16 à 21 montrent, à titre d'exemples, d'autres modes de réalisation de l'invention.
  • La figure 16 montre des éléments constitués de deux modules symétriques.
  • La figure 17 montre des éléments constitués d'un module droit et d'un module symétrique.
  • La figure 18 montre des éléments constitués de deux modules droits.
  • La figure 19 montre des éléments constitués d'un module gauche et d'un module droit.
  • La figure 20 montre des éléments constitués de trois modules.
  • La figure 21 montre des éléments constitués de quatre modules.
  • La figure 22 montre des exemples d'éléments comportant des parties mobiles en translation par glissement desdites parties les unes sur les autres. Deux parties mobiles adjacentes d'un tel élément sont liées au moyen d'un rail 40 solidaire de l'une desdites parties et d'une glissière 41 pratiquée dans l'autre. Dans les éléments représentés, l'amplitude du mouvement de translation de deux parties adjacentes est sensiblement égale à la moitié de la longueur de l'arête du cube formé par l'assemblage de deux modules. Il est à noter que de telles translations transforment ces éléments en d'autres éléments conformes à l'invention.
  • La figure 23 montre une partie d'un élément comportant une glissière en " T » terminée à une extrémité par une butée 42 constituée par le corps de ladite partie. L'autre extrémité est fermée par un couvercle 43, qui s'emboîte en ceinturant le corps de la glissière. Le couvercle comporte une entretoise 44 dans le but d'augmenter la résistance à l'écrasement du corps de la glissière.
  • La figure 24 est une vue en coupe transversale d'un ensemble rail-glissière à profil en «T*. Le rail est constitué d'un matériau élastique et fendu longitudinalement sur toute sa longueur en deux parties 45, 45' qui ont tendance à s'écarter l'une de l'autre et sont appliquées de ce fait contre les parois latérales 46, 46' de la glissière. Le frottement qui résulte de ce contact évite le glissement spontané du rail dans la glissière. Un sabot 47 à la base du rail empêche les mouvements latéraux de ce dernier dans la glissière.
The structure shown in Figure 12 consists of elements 21 assembled at right angles as in Figure 3c and has a helical symmetry of order 3. By its shape, this construction also constitutes an element according to the invention.
  • Figures 16 to 21 show, by way of examples, other embodiments of the invention.
  • Figure 16 shows elements made up of two symmetrical modules.
  • Figure 17 shows elements consisting of a straight module and a symmetrical module.
  • Figure 18 shows elements made up of two straight modules.
  • Figure 19 shows elements consisting of a left module and a right module.
  • Figure 20 shows elements made up of three modules.
  • Figure 21 shows elements made up of four modules.
  • FIG. 22 shows examples of elements comprising parts movable in translation by sliding of said parts one over the other. Two adjacent movable parts of such an element are linked by means of a rail 40 integral with one of said parts and with a slide 41 made in the other. In the elements shown, the amplitude of the translational movement of two adjacent parts is substantially equal to half the length of the edge of the cube formed by the assembly of two modules. It should be noted that such translations transform these elements into other elements in accordance with the invention.
  • FIG. 23 shows a part of an element comprising a " T" slide terminated at one end by a stop 42 formed by the body of said part. The other end is closed by a cover 43, which fits around it the body of the slide The cover comprises a spacer 44 in order to increase the resistance to crushing of the body of the slide.
  • Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view of a rail-slide assembly with a "T *" profile. The rail is made of an elastic material and split longitudinally over its entire length into two parts 45, 45 'which tend to separate from one another and are therefore applied against the side walls 46, 46 'of the slide. The friction that results from this contact prevents spontaneous sliding of the rail in the slide. A shoe 47 at the base of the rail prevents lateral movements of the latter in the slide.

Les figures 26a et 26c montrent à titre d'exemple un élément 27 extensible constitué d'un module gauche L et d'un module droit R réunis par une tige 50 contenue dans lesdits modules et le long de laquelle l'un au moins des modules peut glisser en s'éloignant de l'autre jusqu'à une position extrême d'étirement maximum de l'élément. La figure 26a montre l'élément 27 dans son état contracté où les modules gauche et droit qui le constituent sont jointifs. Les figures 26b et 26c montrent le même élément dans deux états étirés. La longueur de l'élément étiré au maximum est supérieure à sa longueur dans l'état contracté d'une quantité au moins égale à la longueur de l'arête d'un petit cube. Dans la figure 26c, l'étirement est sensiblement égal ou légèrement supérieur au double de l'arête d'un petit cube.FIGS. 26a and 26c show by way of example an extensible element 27 consisting of a left module L and a right module R joined by a rod 50 contained in said modules and along which at least one of the modules can slide away from each other to an extreme position of maximum stretch of the element. Figure 26a shows the element 27 in its contracted state where the left and right modules which constitute it are joined. Figures 26b and 26c show the same element in two stretched states. The length of the maximum stretched element is greater than its length in the contracted state by an amount at least equal to the length of the edge of a small cube. In Figure 26c, the stretch is substantially equal to or slightly greater than twice the edge of a small cube.

Les figures 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d montrent, à titre d'exemple, un élément 30 constitué de deux modules droits pouvant tourner l'un par rapport à l'autre autour de leur axe de liaison D. L'élément comporte, de préférence, un dispositif permettant de le bloquer dans chacune des quatre conformations particulières 30, 51, 52 et 53 représentées par les figures 27a à 27d.FIGS. 27a, 27b, 27c, 27d show, by way of example, an element 30 consisting of two straight modules which can rotate relative to one another about their connecting axis D. The element comprises, of preferably, a device making it possible to block it in each of the four particular conformations 30, 51, 52 and 53 shown in FIGS. 27a to 27d.

Les figures 28, 29 et 30 sont relatives à un dispositif pour la réalisation d'éléments extensibles dont les deux parties réunies par ledit dispositif peuvent de plus pivoter autour de leur axe de liaison et être bloquées dans quatre orientations relatives différentes.Figures 28, 29 and 30 relate to a device for producing expandable elements, the two parts joined by said device can also pivot about their connecting axis and be locked in four different relative orientations.

La figure 28 est une vue en coupe d'un élément constitué, par exemple, d'un module gauche « L et d'un module droit « R réunis par une extrémité et comportant un tel dispositif. Le module gauche est traversé par un alésage comportant un épaulement 54 à l'extrémité dudit module en contact avec le module droit. La liaison entre les deux modules est réalisée au moyen d'une vis 50 à tête carrée sur laquelle sont enfilés une rondelle de guidage 55 et un ressort 56 avant que ladite vis ne soit introduite dans l'alésage du module gauche et vissée dans le module droit. L'alésage est obturé au moyen d'un couvercle circulaire 57 comportant sur sa face intérieure une dépression carrée 58 adaptée à la forme de la tête 59 de la vis et coiffant ladite tête lorsque les deux modules sont jointifs. Grâce à sa forme circulaire, le couvercle peut être mis en place quelle que soit l'orientation de la tête de la vis une fois que celle-ci a été vissée à fond dans le module droit et que le module gauche a été mis dans l'orientation voulue. La figure 29 est une vue en enfilade du couvercle, de la vis et de la rondelle de guidage. Une fine rondelle 60 placée entre le ressort 56 et l'épaulement 54 formant le fond de l'alésage évite l'usure dudit épaulement par l'extrémité du ressort. La longueur au repos du ressort est de préférence choisie la plus grande possible, de façon a ce que ledit ressort applique les deux modules l'un contre l'autre avec une force différant le moins possible de la force qui est nécessaire pour maintenir lesdits modules dans leur position d'éloignement maximum.Figure 28 is a sectional view of an element consisting, for example, of a left module "L and a right module" R joined by one end and comprising such a device. The a left bore is traversed by a bore comprising a shoulder 54 at the end of said module in contact with the right module. The connection between the two modules is carried out by means of a square head screw 50 on which are threaded a guide washer 55 and a spring 56 before said screw is introduced into the bore of the left module and screwed into the module law. The bore is closed by means of a circular cover 57 having on its inner face a square depression 58 adapted to the shape of the head 59 of the screw and covering said head when the two modules are joined. Thanks to its circular shape, the cover can be put in place whatever the orientation of the screw head once it has been fully screwed into the right module and the left module has been put into the desired orientation. Figure 29 is a row view of the cover, the screw and the guide washer. A fine washer 60 placed between the spring 56 and the shoulder 54 forming the bottom of the bore prevents wear of said shoulder by the end of the spring. The length at rest of the spring is preferably chosen to be as large as possible, so that said spring applies the two modules against each other with a force differing as little as possible from the force which is necessary to hold said modules in their position of maximum distance.

La figure 30 est une vue en coupe du même élément réalisé selon une variante du dispositif précédent dans le but de permettre une amplitude de translation de ses modules constitutifs au moins égale ou double de l'arête d'un petit cube. Ce dispositif est caractérisé en ce que chacune des deux parties R, L ainsi assemblées est traversée par un alésage contenant un ressort 56, 56'. La liaison entre lesdites parties est réalisée au moyen d'une tige 50 comportant à l'une de ses extrémités une tête cylindrique 61 et à l'autre extrémité une gorge circulaire dans laquelle est enchâssé un anneau ouvert 62 sur lequel prend appui une rondelle de guidage 55. Dans l'une « L •, des parties réunies par le présent dispositif, le ressort 56 prend appui d'un côté sur le fond 54 de l'alésage et de l'autre sur la rondelle de guidage 55. Dans l'autre partie R, le ressort 56' prend appui d'un côté sur le fond 54' de l'alésage et de l'autre sur la tête 61 de la tige. Le blocage en rotation des deux parties R, L est assuré par une plaquette carrée 63 enfilée sur la tige entre lesdites parties qui comportent, sur les faces en regard l'une de l'autre, une dépression carrée 64, 64' d'une profondeur sensiblement égale à la moitié de l'épaisseur de la plaquette. La plaquette peut être solidaire de l'une des parties. La liaison entre les modules peut également être réalisée au moyen d'un manchon élastique précontraint, par exemple en caoutchouc.Figure 30 is a sectional view of the same element produced according to a variant of the previous device in order to allow an amplitude of translation of its constituent modules at least equal or double the edge of a small cube. This device is characterized in that each of the two parts R, L thus assembled is traversed by a bore containing a spring 56, 56 '. The connection between said parts is carried out by means of a rod 50 comprising at one of its ends a cylindrical head 61 and at the other end a circular groove in which is embedded an open ring 62 on which a washer of guide 55. In one “L •, of the parts joined by this device, the spring 56 bears on one side on the bottom 54 of the bore and on the other on the guide washer 55. In the 'other part R, the spring 56' bears on one side on the bottom 54 'of the bore and on the other on the head 61 of the rod. The rotational locking of the two parts R, L is ensured by a square plate 63 threaded on the rod between said parts which comprise, on the opposite faces of one another, a square depression 64, 64 'of a depth substantially equal to half the thickness of the wafer. The plate can be secured to one of the parts. The connection between the modules can also be carried out by means of a pre-stressed elastic sleeve, for example made of rubber.

La figure 31 est une vue en perspective du corps d'un module droit pour la réalisation d'éléments selon les dispositifs décrits ci-avant.Figure 31 is a perspective view of the body of a straight module for the production of elements according to the devices described above.

La figure 32a montre une construction constituée de trois éléments 65, 65', 65". L'assemblage n'est pas possible au moyen de trois éléments monolithiques et indéformables, mais peut être réalisé si l'un 65 desdits éléments est étirable d'une quantité au moins égale à l'arête d'un petit cube, comme cela est visible sur la figure 32b.Figure 32a shows a construction made up of three elements 65, 65 ', 65 ". The assembly is not possible by means of three monolithic and non-deformable elements, but can be carried out if one of said elements is stretchable of an amount at least equal to the edge of a small cube, as can be seen in Figure 32b.

La figure 33a montre un assemblage de trois éléments 52, 52', 52" conformes à l'invention constitués de deux modules droits réunis de façon à pouvoir pivoter autour de leur axe de liaison D et se trouvant dans la conformation représentée à la figure 27c. Les phases du démontage (et, en sens inverse, du montage) sont illustrées par les figures 33b et 33c. Dans un premier temps (figure 33b), l'élément 52 disposé verticalement est placé dans la conformation 30 représentée à la figure 27a. Pour que l'élément 52', disposé horizontalement et d'avant en arrière, puisse être extrait vers le haut, il suffit alors (voir figure 33c) de le placer dans la conformation 53 représentée a la figure 27d. Afin que les rotations puissent être effectuées aisément, il est préférable que les éléments 52, 52', 52" employés pour la réalisation de la présente construction soient extensibles dans la direction de leur axe de rotation et/ou que leurs arêtes soient arrondies.FIG. 33a shows an assembly of three elements 52, 52 ′, 52 "according to the invention made up of two straight modules joined together so as to be able to pivot around their connecting axis D and being in the configuration shown in FIG. 27c The phases of disassembly (and, in the opposite direction, of assembly) are illustrated by FIGS. 33b and 33c. Firstly (FIG. 33b), the element 52 arranged vertically is placed in the conformation 30 shown in FIG. 27a. So that the element 52 ′, arranged horizontally and from front to back, can be extracted upwards, it suffices then (see FIG. 33c) to place it in the conformation 53 shown in FIG. 27d. can be carried out easily, it is preferable that the elements 52, 52 ′, 52 ″ used for the realization of the present construction are extensible in the direction of their axis of rotation and / or that their edges are rounded.

Des cas d'empêchements stériques du type de ceux illustrés par les figures 32a-32b peuvent également être résolus au moyen d'éléments constitués d'une matière suffisamment souple telle que le caoutchouc ou le néoprène pour qu'ils puissent être étirés d'une quantité au moins égale à la longueur de l'arête d'un petit cube. Une section circulaire ou proche d'un cercle de tels éléments permettra ou facilitera la résolution, par torsion de ces éléments, de cas d'empêchements stériques tels que ceux des figures 33a à 33c.Cases of steric hindrance of the type illustrated in FIGS. 32a-32b can also be resolved by means of elements made of a sufficiently flexible material such as rubber or neoprene so that they can be stretched with a quantity at least equal to the length of the edge of a small cube. A circular section or close to a circle of such elements will allow or facilitate the resolution, by twisting of these elements, of cases of steric impediments such as those of FIGS. 33a to 33c.

Il va de soi qu'un élément ou module quelconque conforme à l'invention peut être composé de plus de deux parties séparables ou mobiles en translation et/ou en rotation les unes par rapport aux autres.It goes without saying that any element or module in accordance with the invention may be composed of more than two separable or movable parts in translation and / or in rotation with respect to each other.

Les figures 38 et 39 montrent, avec des courbures fortement exagérées, deux modes de réalisation d'un élément 27 fonctionnant par coincement. Lorsqu'un tel élément 27 est constitué par un module gauche et un module droit, ses deux branches 70, 71 sont écartées élastiquement par lesdits modules et maintiennent ces derniers par la pression qu'elles exercent sur eux. Afin qu'ils puissent être facilement assemblés, les éléments fonctionnant par coincement et les éléments destinés à coopérer avec eux ont de préférence des arêtes arrondies. Beaucoup d'autres éléments n'entrant pas dans le cadre de ces définitions peuvent également fonctionner par coincement, comme par exemple les éléments 51, 53 des figures 27b et 27d, les éléments 74 de la figure 17, les éléments 32, 33, 77, 78, 28, 31 de la figure 18 et les éléments 80, 48, de la figure 19.Figures 38 and 39 show, with strongly exaggerated curvatures, two embodiments of an element 27 operating by wedging. When such an element 27 is constituted by a left module and a right module, its two branches 70, 71 are spaced apart elastically by said modules and maintain the latter by the pressure that they exert on them. So that they can be easily assembled, the elements operating by wedging and the elements intended to cooperate with them preferably have rounded edges. Many other elements which do not fall within the scope of these definitions can also operate by wedging, such as for example elements 51, 53 of FIGS. 27b and 27d, elements 74 of FIG. 17, elements 32, 33, 77 , 78, 28, 31 of FIG. 18 and the elements 80, 48, of FIG. 19.

Les figures 40 à 50 représentent des variantes de réalisation des éléments conformes a l'invention, dans lesquelles, les différents modules présentent des sections octogonales (figures 40 à 42) ou cruciformes (figures 45 à 50). De tels modes de réalisation permettent de rendre la manipulation plus agréable et le fonctionnement plus doux, tout en conférant aux éléments un caractère original et esthétique. En outre, ces modes de réalisation permettent également de fabriquer aisément les éléments par moulage en diminuant les déformations dues au retrait, et un gain de matière première.Figures 40 to 50 show alternative embodiments of the elements according to the invention, in which the different modules have octagonal (Figures 40 to 42) or cruciform (Figures 45 to 50) sections. Such embodiments make it possible to make the manipulation more pleasant and smoother operation, while giving the elements an original and aesthetic character. In addition, these embodiments also make it possible to easily manufacture the elements by molding by reducing the deformations due to shrinkage, and a gain in raw material.

Lors de l'assemblage de tels modules ou éié- ments conformément au procédé de l'invention, chaque protubérance de chacun desdits modules ou éléments s'emboîte dans la dépression correspondante de l'autre élément ou module grâce à une légère déformation élastique desdits modules ou éléments.During the assembly of such modules or elements in accordance with the method of the invention, each protuberance of each of said modules or elements fits into the corresponding depression of the other element or module thanks to a slight elastic deformation of said modules or elements.

Les figures 51 et 52 représentent un élément 127 constitué par un module droit R et par un module gauche L et comportant des protubérances en forme de gorges 103, 104 complémentaires, lesdits bourrelets et lesdites gorges étant disposés de manière à ce que, lorsque deux tels modules R ou L coopèrent pour constituer un cube, les bourrelets 101 et 102 de l'un viennent se loger dans les gorges 103 et 104 de l'autre, et ceci dans les deux orientations relatives dans lesquelles lesdits modules R ou L peuvent être assemblés pour constituer un cube. Lorsque l'élément 127 représenté par les figures est complété par un module droit R et un module gauche L comportant de tels modules R et L ou les éléments comportant lesdits modules sont maintenus grâce auxdites protubérances et dépressions. Les bourrelets 101 et les gorges 103 ou les bourrelets 102 et les gorges 104 peuvent être supprimés. La forme et la disposition des protubérances et des dépressions peuvent être variées.Figures 51 and 52 show an element 127 consisting of a right module R and a left module L and having protrusions in the form of grooves 103, 104 complementary, said beads and said grooves being arranged so that, when two such R or L modules cooperate to form a cube, the beads 101 and 102 of one come to lodge in the grooves 103 and 104 of the other, and this in the two relative orientations in which said R or L modules can be assembled to form a cube. When the element 127 shown in the figures is completed by a right module R and a left module L comprising such modules R and L or the elements comprising said modules are maintained by said protuberances and depressions. The beads 101 and the grooves 103 or the beads 102 and the grooves 104 can be eliminated. The shape and arrangement of the protrusions and depressions can be varied.

Des dispositions analogues de protubérances et de dépressions sont également applicables à des modules symétriques S et à des éléments comprenant de tels modules, la configuration desdits systèmes étant conçue de telle manière que les protubérances d'un tel module s'adaptent aux dépressions d'un module identique dans les trois orientations relatives dans lesquelles lesdits modules peuvent être assemblés pour former un cube. Des configurations convenables se déduisent aisément des configurations polaires indiquées notamment dans les figures 36 et 37.Similar arrangements of protrusions and depressions are also applicable to symmetrical modules S and to elements comprising such modules, the configuration of said systems being designed in such a way that the protrusions of such a module adapt to the depressions of a identical module in the three relative orientations in which said modules can be assembled to form a cube. Suitable configurations are easily deduced from the polar configurations indicated in particular in FIGS. 36 and 37.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée aux modes de réalisation décrits et représentés aux dessins annexés. Des modifications restent possibles, notamment du point de vue de la constitution des divers éléments, ou par substitution d'équivalents techniques, sans sortir pour autant du domaine de protection de l'invention, tel que défini dans les revendications.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications remain possible, in particular from the point of view of the constitution of the various elements, or by substitution of technical equivalents, without thereby departing from the scope of protection of the invention, as defined in the claims.

Claims (7)

1. Assemblage set composed of elements constituted each of at least two modules (R, L, S), each of which is formed of four identical elementary cubes, or of geometrical volumes inscribed in these cubes, so disposed that they are together inscribed in an imaginary cube, the side of which is twice the one of an elementary cube, the four cubes of a module being disposed along three sides of said imaginary cube and the center points of said elementary cubes being not located in the same plane, characterized in that one or two faces of one or two elementary cubes of each module is joined to one or two faces of one or two elementary cubes of an adjacent module, at least one module of the element being joined by only one of its faces to only one adjacent module and the so formed assemblage element being inscribed in its whole inside the volume formed by the whole of the imaginary cubes corresponding to the number of modules constituting the element.
2. Assemblage set according to claim 1, characterized in that its elements include at least two parts able to slip one on the other and joined together by means of a rail (40) and a slide (41).
3. Assemblage set according to claim 1, characterized in that its elements include at least two parts able to turn one with regard to the other around an axis (D) or to slip along said axis by moving off from each other or to effect each of these both movements, said parts being joined by means of a screw or a stem (50).
4. Assemblage set according to claim 1, characterized in that its elements are realized in a material capable of elastic deformations.
5. Assemblage set according to claim 4, characterized in that at least one of its elements includes at least two branches (70, 71) forming a « U •, these branches compressing at least one of the elements with which it cooperates.
6. Assemblage set according to claim 1, characterized in that its elements are provided with flange-shaped protuberances (101, 102) and with corresponding groove-shaped depressions (103, 104), said flanges and said grooves being so disposed that, if two such elements are joined, the flanges (101, 102) of one are seated in the grooves (103, 104) of the other.
7. Assemblage set according to claim 1, characterized in that the different modules which constitute its elements have octogonal or cruciform sections.
EP83440057A 1982-11-24 1983-11-24 Construction elements Expired EP0110800B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83440057T ATE41316T1 (en) 1982-11-24 1983-11-24 COMPONENT SET.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8219832A FR2536295B1 (en) 1982-11-24 1982-11-24 CONSTRUCTION METHOD, CONSTRUCTION ELEMENT FOR IMPLEMENTING SAID METHOD AND USE
FR8219832 1982-11-24

Publications (2)

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EP0110800A1 EP0110800A1 (en) 1984-06-13
EP0110800B1 true EP0110800B1 (en) 1989-03-15

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EP83440057A Expired EP0110800B1 (en) 1982-11-24 1983-11-24 Construction elements

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EP (1) EP0110800B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE41316T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3379383D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2536295B1 (en)
WO (1) WO1984002083A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29501622U1 (en) * 1995-02-02 1995-03-16 Berger, Johann, Stockerau Game, gymnastics and / or sports equipment
ES1053691Y (en) * 2002-12-31 2003-08-16 Bastos Fernando Martinez PUZZLE.
BE1019858A3 (en) * 2011-03-04 2013-01-08 Vandoren Rolf Game pieces and set of game pieces.
RU2597532C1 (en) * 2015-03-17 2016-09-10 Виктор Ильич Бетчер Method of making 3d assembly manual puzzle

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US177993A (en) * 1876-05-30 Improvement in revolving book-cases

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE962469C (en) * 1952-08-26 1957-04-25 Rosemarie Winkler Geb Bodung Building block built on the cube system
US3065970A (en) * 1960-07-06 1962-11-27 Besley Serena Sutton Three dimensional puzzle
DE1659245A1 (en) * 1966-07-22 1969-10-02 Peter Stassen Building game with building blocks
GB1242942A (en) * 1969-03-18 1971-08-18 Joseph Watson Lomas Three-dimensional puzzle
US3655201A (en) * 1970-03-04 1972-04-11 Moleculon Res Corp Pattern forming puzzle and method with pieces rotatable in groups
US3773329A (en) * 1971-12-13 1973-11-20 M Secter Solid-geometrical puzzle and furniture arrangements
US4153254A (en) * 1977-08-22 1979-05-08 Clint, Inc. Puzzle
US4177993A (en) * 1977-08-29 1979-12-11 Crosby Bruce R Variable block puzzle and container

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US177993A (en) * 1876-05-30 Improvement in revolving book-cases

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1984002083A1 (en) 1984-06-07
FR2536295B1 (en) 1985-11-08
FR2536295A1 (en) 1984-05-25
DE3379383D1 (en) 1989-04-20
EP0110800A1 (en) 1984-06-13
ATE41316T1 (en) 1989-04-15

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