EP0105862A1 - Garbage press - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A refuse crusher with a crushing ram (10) upwardly and downwardly displaceable in a crushing chamber (1), with a laterally disposed filling opening (20) closable by a door (5), and with a discharge opening (21) provided on the floor of the crushing chamber and a closure member (4) associated with this opening, wherein the crushing ram, which is substantially displaceable in a crushing chamber region (1a) with walls whose generatrices extend parallel to one another, in its upper position substantially releases the filling opening (20), a device (8, 9) for receiving a packing container (6) being provided preferably below the discharge opening (21), characterised in that a further region (1b) with wall parts (2b) diverging towards the discharge opening (21) is joined to the region (1a) with the parallel generatrices and that the closure member is designed as a sliding door (4) arranged substantially parallel to the crushing pressure contact surface of the ram (10).

Description

The invention relates to a device for compacting or pressing waste or the like.

Such compacting devices, generally referred to as garbage presses, have the task of compacting the garbage accumulating in ever larger quantities and mostly in loose or bulky form and thus reducing its volume, which increases the capacity of the garbage storage and transport containers, and also multiply the landfills. Such devices have proven particularly useful in residential buildings, waste-intensive businesses, such as in the hotel and hospitality industry, in hospitals or the like. Various requirements are placed on them, of which, in particular, value for money, robustness, ease of use and small space requirements are to be emphasized. The small space requirement is particularly required where the garbage presses are to be installed in smaller rooms, for example in basements, storage rooms or the like.

A large number of such waste compacting devices have already been described. For example, in AT-PSen 321.818 and 348.869 essentially tubular waste presses equipped with hydraulically actuated punches are described, in which, however, only a slight compacting of the waste is achieved, since only that in the section towards the discharge opening of the tubular pressing space existing, previously compacted waste material and its friction on the pipe inner wall forms an abutment for the newly introduced and compressed waste.

A relatively simple construction in their conception baling press, which is, however, not intended for waste, but for scrap, of an entirely different compression characteristics has as garbage, is described in A _T-PS 290,996. There, the press ram having an oblique pressure application surface is horizontally displaceably mounted in the press frame, which carries on its top a filler and closure flap, which is closed during compression and forms part of the wall of the press space. The compressed scrap, which re-expands relatively little after the pressing pressure has ceased, is discharged upwards by means of an ejecting mandrel from the pressing chamber, which also has an inclined wall and has an inclined wall, after opening the flap cover.

The device for compacting waste according to AT-PS 332.306 shows a technically complex structure, in which the compacted waste is discharged into containers intended for transport. It comprises a collecting container with an insertion opening arranged on its upper side, a press plate for compacting the waste in the part of the collecting container which forms the pressing chamber, a lifting device for lifting the compressed waste in front of an ejection opening arranged above the pressing chamber and its own ejection device for the compressed waste, a cage open on the filling and ejection side is provided as the lifting device. On the one hand, the space required for this waste compacting device is large, and on the other hand, due to the high technical outlay, it is only suitable for larger plants.

In AT-PS 188.277 a device for pressing and packaging of voluminous goods is described, which one fixed press container, a movable plunger and as a bottom closure has another, depending on the pressing pressure moving plunger on which the bottom of a bag is supported. The material to be pressed is filled into the press container through a side opening.

Such a device with filling screw, plunger and counter-piston is technically complex and not suitable for extensive use as a garbage press, since it has a large overall height. This is composed of the length of the piston-cylinder unit for the plunger, the length of the press container, the length of the compact to be discharged and the length of the piston-cylinder unit for the counter-piston.

AT-PS 276.247 also relates to a device for filling containers for household waste which is also complex and has at least two pressing or working members. The waste entering an horizontally arranged or slightly inclined press chamber is compressed there and then conveyed into the upper part of the adjoining vertical shaft section, which is equipped with a downward discharge opening, from where it is opened by means of a pestle Closure is pushed through the downward opening in the garbage container below. The pressing chamber is arranged to discharge shaft which is ntleerungsmundstück provided optionally in order to avoid dust formation at the transition from the waste press in the garbage container at its lower end with a the difference between pit and refuse container cross section bridging conical _E in angular position, which on the one hand the production the garbage press designed elaborately, and on the other hand the Has a disadvantage that the pressed in particular for pressing the legs of the press, at the cessation of the pressing re-expanding _M üllgut at the transition into the discharge chute, or may become stuck in the discharge chute itself, after which the discharge of the Müllpreßlings must be manipulative supported.

US Pat. No. 4,294,169 describes a cotton compacting device with a mobile press container with a compacting member which can be moved essentially vertically back and forth in an upper prismatic wall sleeve. Beneath the sleeve there is a press container with sloping walls and a cross section which widens towards a solid bottom and in which the cotton is pressed. The pyramidal walls are designed in the form of doors that can be opened by pivoting them sideways. The cotton compact is also discharged laterally and, for this reason alone, requires additional manipulations.

In the device for pressing garbage disclosed in DE-OS 20 30 912, with a press container receiving the goods and provided with a filling opening with a bottom closure and a plunger closing a downward discharge opening, it is provided that the bottom closure consists of at least one pivotable on Press container arranged flap and the press container is supported and guided via spring-elastic means against a supporting structure which is provided with actuators for controlling the flap depending on the pressing force. Although this device ^has the advantage of a low overall height, it is not due to the re-expansion of the garbage that occurs when the pressing pressure ceases due to the special design of the pressing chamber

Regarded, rather, the entire length of the prismatic bale chamber forces the press ram to be actuated when the discharge is directed downward. In this respect - the closure flaps increase the compacting pressure - this device is in principle most comparable with the waste pressing devices of the above-mentioned two AT-PS 321.818 and 348.869, albeit much more complex due to the resilient mounting of the pressing chamber.

The invention has for its object to provide a device for compacting garbage or the like. Which is characterized by a small footprint, simple and robust structure and in particular characterized in that the discharge of the compacted garbage from the compacting device into a container a packaging material Envelope, a sack or the like is made possible by gravity without any additional manipulative help.

The invention relates to a device for compacting or pressing garbage or the like with an at least one, preferably a filling door, addition opening and at least one closing chamber which can be closed with a closure element and has a substantially downward discharge opening, in which at least one, for example with piston or spindle drive, reciprocating compacting element, in particular a one-piece press ram, with a shape corresponding to the shape of the cross-sectional area of the section of the press space associated with the feed opening, the pressure application surface being arranged, preferably below the discharge opening, a device for Inclusion of a packaging container, for example sacks, can be arranged for the compacted garbage characterized in that the pressing chamber with the compacting member has a filling and precompacting space which is delimited by essentially prismatic and / or cylindrical walls and which is associated with the addition opening provided with the closing member and which is integral with one of the downward discharge openings provided with a closing member assigned compacting space with a widening cross-section in the direction of the discharge opening.

The design of the compacting device according to the invention with a pressing space comprising an integrated filling and precompacting and compacting space enables a simple and robust construction. The widening of the cross-section of the compacting space towards the downward discharge opening has the main advantage that despite the re-expansion occurring in practically all types of waste or the springing back of the compacted article when the pressing pressure decreases or ceases after the pressing process, which or which plays an essential role in the event of the compact getting stuck in a prismatic or cylindrical drop shaft, this compact is discharged from the compacting space of the device in free fall with certainty and without manipulative action solely by the action of gravity from the compacting space of the device. The expansion of the cross section of the compacting space in the direction of the discharge opening provided in the device according to the invention has the effect that the wall of the compacting space in cooperation with the restoring or re-expansion force of the compressed waste after opening the closure of the discharge opening , virtually ejecting or ejecting the garbage compact downwards into the garbage container or a casing or packaging.

This ejection or ejection effect, as has been shown, is capable of ensuring that even pressed garbage, which tends to stick to the wall, for example as a result of sticky, moist components or the like, can be discharged without the aid of additional manipulations. The area of the stamp or the total area of the individual parts of a multi-part stamp is advantageously kept smaller than it corresponds to the cross-sectional area of the prismatic and / or cylindrical precompacting space, so that there is no blockage or jamming of the press stamp when the garbage, for example, approaches leaves on the wall or contains bulky components.

Another advantage of the compacting device according to the invention is that when it is filled, precompacted and compacted it takes place in a press chamber of uniform space and no separate ejection part or ejection chute is provided. The compacting section of the press chamber, which widens towards the discharge opening, acts as an automatic ejection device due to its shape after opening the closure element arranged on its bottom. It should also be noted that in the device according to the invention, the refuse is compacted outside the packaging material or container intended for its transport, and it is only compacted into the intended packaging container, e.g. Plastic or paper sack, cardboard or the like is introduced. The separation of the compacting and packaging process prevents possible damage to a container, sack or the like, for example, located directly in the movement space of the compacting member, as a result of the effect of the press die penetrating into it, compacting the waste.

The device for accommodating a packaging container, preferably a sack, for the compacted refuse, which can be arranged below the downward discharge opening, preferably has an opening facing the discharge opening with the shape of this discharge opening corresponding to the shape and at least its size.

If the opening of the packaging container intended for receiving the waste compact is the same as or larger than the discharge opening of the compacting space arranged above it, there is a manipulation-free, free falling of the compacted compact that is thrown out by the conically shaped compacting space as a result of the re-expansion into the intended envelope guaranteed with certainty.

In particular for reasons of manufacturing technology and space requirements, it is advantageous if the filling and precompacting space of the press chamber assigned to the feed opening has a rectangular or square cross-section and the compacting space that is integrally connected to it and is assigned to the discharge opening in the direction of this opening enlarging, rectangular or square cross-section, wherein at least two, preferably three, adjoining the compacting space, adjoining wall elements as against the discharge opening, preferably with an opening angle aC of 2 to 45 ⁰ , in particular ₅ to 30 ° opening truncated pyramid surfaces are.

In this embodiment of the device, the bales produced in it have an essentially square cross-section and can be stored and transported tightly after packaging, if appropriate. Through the mentioned formation of at least two contiguous Wall elements of the compacting space as pyramid or truncated pyramid surfaces prevent the refuse compacting material, which re-expands in the compacting space after the action of the pressing pressure has ended after opening the lower discharge door, in the compacting space, which can occur in the presence of two mutually opposite, parallel aligned walls .

According to an embodiment which is advantageous, in particular with a substantially vertically guided ram of the compacting member, it is provided that the closure member of the downward discharge opening is arranged essentially parallel to the pressing pressure application surface of the ram of the reciprocating compacting member.

The closure thus forms an abutment for the garbage to be compacted.

The closure element for the downward discharge opening is particularly preferably formed by a door which is optionally divided and can be actuated preferably by means of a toothed or worm gear.

This door is preferred as a stiffening element, which may increase its stability and strength, e.g. Ribs, reinforced, sliding door formed, which can be opened and closed, for example, by hand and / or motor drive. The rotating movement of a hand crank or the motor can be converted into the sliding movement for the door via a toothed or worm drive. These drives have the advantage that they enable robust constructions that are less susceptible to contamination.

The door can of course also be moved by means of hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders, the pressure medium being acted upon by the same pump as the pressure medium for the cylinder of the compacting element.

If the overall height of the press is not restricted, the door of the discharge opening can also be formed by an optionally split, downward-opening folding door.

A direct and practically free-flowing flow of the garbage from filling into the device to the discharge of the garbage compact and further space-saving design of the compacting device according to the invention can be achieved if the feed opening in the jacket of the filling and precompacting space is provided with a side cheek pivotable, filling door is provided, the ram is guided essentially vertically, and three of the wall elements laterally delimiting the compacting space are designed to expand pyramidally towards the closable opening located at the bottom of the compacting space.

The compacting device designed according to the invention usually has a frame connected to it, for example feet, with a height which enables the pressed waste to fall into a container or onto a transport device and to be discharged without problems. If, for example, a drawer construction is provided below the discharge door for receiving the container for the garbage, the height of the frame need only insignificantly exceed the height of the garbage compact re-expanded after the pressing process. The frame of the integrated one rests on the frame that keeps the unloading space clear Filling and precompacting as well as the compacting space formed, which has at least one filling door in the height provided for it. The arrangement of known side cheeks of the filling door prevents refuse from falling when the device is filled and, together with the hinged door hinged on its underside, forms a filling funnel, so to speak.

It should be noted that the filling door can also be designed as a sliding door, but it is then advantageous to arrange a slide or the like in front of it or in front of the addition opening, for example limited by side cheeks.

On top of the press room is usually e.g. a pressure cylinder of a hydraulic or pneumatic drive for the compacting element, a motor for the pressure medium or a drive spindle, rack or the like is arranged with its drive unit.

Overall, the vertical embodiment, which saves space, allows a height of only 2 m or less, so that the compacting device according to the invention can also be installed in storage or cellar rooms with a low ceiling height, even if space is limited.

It should be mentioned that the horizontal types Kom invention may be ^p aktiervorrichtung provided. In this case, the filling, precompacting and compacting space extend essentially horizontally, the stamp of the compacting element, which may optionally have an inclined pressure application surface, which in the end position of the stamp after compression has been carried out together with the walls delimiting the compacting space a compacting space which widens in cross section towards the downward discharge opening is guided horizontally, and the feed opening is then located at the top of the press chamber, possibly even opposite the discharge opening. In this embodiment, the entire press chamber is also advantageously arranged on a frame. The advantage of horizontal training is a particularly low space requirement.

Preferably, the addition opening located in the prismatic and / or cylindrical formed filling and precompacting space, preferably closable with a pivotable filling door, extends at most up to the transition from the filling and precompacting space into the compacting space which widens in cross section.

With this arrangement of the door, which is particularly advantageous in the vertical embodiment, there can be no difficulties in closing the door, which would be caused by freshly fed garbage coming between the garbage compact still protruding into the door opening and the door to be closed .

Examples of drives for the compacting element are, to reduce the overall height, preferably telescopic hydraulic cylinders, the pressure medium of which is pressurized, for example, by means of an electrically operated pump. In terms of expenditure, it is particularly advantageous if the hydraulic cylinders for the compacting element and, if appropriate, for the closure elements can be connected directly to an existing water supply system which has the required pressure. Pneumatic drives are also cheap if, e.g. Compressed air is available.

Further options for the drive, in particular of the compacting element, are toothed or screw drives which drive electric motors, advantageously equipped with a fluid coupling.

In order to achieve the most uniform heights of the garbage compact and, in particular, to avoid overloading the device according to the invention, it is advantageous to provide that the drive for the compacting element, in particular the hydraulic or pneumatic drive, has an overpressure switch, in particular an overpressure valve, which or which interrupts the movement of the compacting element or its stamp when a predetermined compacting pressure of the stamp of the compacting element on the waste to be compacted is reached.

_W pus, it is advantageous if the plunger is designed releasing the Kompaktierorganes falls below a desired height of the compacted refuse in the Kompaktierraum, returning to its original position and the feed opening for further filling.

This enables the compacting device to be filled with little operator intervention and is safe without interference from a press ram in the way.

If the stamp of the compacting element has a starting position for the compacting process, which at least corresponds to the edge of the feed opening facing away from the compacting space, or comes to a standstill with its contour outside the opening, the entire clear width of the feed opening stands for the filling of the fresh waste to disposal.

As a precaution, it can further be provided that the plunger of the compacting member has an end position for the compacting process, which is arranged essentially at the level of the transition of the prismatic and / or cylindrical filling and precompacting space into the compacting space that widens toward the discharge opening is.

This also makes it possible to achieve the highest possible level of garbage compact.

In order to keep the unpleasant smell as low as possible, especially when filling the device with garbage or when opening the closure elements, it can further be provided that in the prismatic and / or cylindrical filling and pre-compacting space, possibly outside the area of action of the stamp of the compacting element at least one opening is provided for the connection of a discharge or suction line.

For special waste, for example from hospitals or the like, it can be advantageous if at least one opening for the introduction of a sterilization medium, in particular water vapor, is arranged in the wall of the compacting space and possibly in the closure member of the discharge opening.

To separate liquids which separate from the waste during the compacting process, it is advantageous to provide that drain openings for liquids are arranged in the closure member of the discharge opening and, if appropriate, in the wall of the compacting space, which may lead to discharge lines for the liquid drain.

In this way, appearance of a liquid phase can be avoided in the packaging or wrapper for the compacted refuse, which in particular in cardboard or _P apierverpackung is of considerable advantage. The discharge lines can advantageously be connected directly to an existing sewage or sewer network.

Finally, it is also advantageous, in particular for keeping the closer surroundings of the compacting device clean, if below the spaces or butt joints between the walls delimiting the discharge opening of the compacting space and the closure member and below, if appropriate, in the walls and / or in the Door existing drain openings, drain plates or drainage channels for liquids are arranged, which may lead to discharge lines for the liquid drain. The mentioned discharge lines can be formed by pipes but also by flexible hoses.

• Es zeigen die Fig. 1 eine teilweise geschnittene Vorderansicht einer erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Kompaktiervorrichtung vertikaler Bauart, Fig. 2 einen Schnitt entlang der Ebene AB der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Müllpresse, und Fig. 3 einen Schnitt entlang der in Fig. l eingezeichneten, gebrochenen Schnittebene CD.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawing:

• 1 shows a partially sectioned front view of a compacting device of a vertical type designed according to the invention, FIG. 2 shows a section along the plane AB of the waste compactor shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 shows a section along the broken sectional plane shown in FIG CD.

The waste compacting device according to the invention according to FIG. 1 has a vertical design and essentially comprises the pressing chamber 1 comprising the filling and precompacting chamber la and the compacting chamber 1b integrally adjoining it downwards, for example in a cast or welded construction, in which of the telescopic hydraulic cylinders 11 arranged ram 10 of the compacting member 30 is vertically movable in both directions. The filling and pre-compacting space la is delimited by likewise vertical, mutually parallel wall elements 2a, forming a prismatic jacket, which at the transition point 2c are integral with the compacting at least partially formed at least partially overhanging towards the discharge opening 21. Go over wall elements 2b delimiting space lb. At its bottom, the compacting space 1b has a downward discharge opening 21, which in the arrangement shown can be closed by a door 4 guided in the guides 3 by means of worm drives 15, 16. The prismatic filling and precompacting space 1 a of the compacting device has an addition opening 20 directed towards the viewer, which in the arrangement shown can be closed by a pivoting door 5 having side cheeks 5 a and hinged on its underside. After opening the door 5 - with the door 4 closed - the garbage to be compacted is introduced through the opening 20 into the compacting device, and after it is closed, preferably automatically, the drive for the one located in the starting position AP above the upper edge of the opening 20 Stamp 10 of the (electro) -hydraulically driven compacting element 30 is actuated, which moves downward within the filling and precompacting space la with increasing compaction of the refuse 40. The garbage is further compressed in or in the cross-section of the compacting space 1b, which widens towards the discharge opening 21, until finally the stamp 10 at least up to the level of the transition lc from the filling and precompacting space la into the compacting Room lb or moved down to a position below. Then is not that with the help of, for example, a pressure switch, in the case of hydraulic or Pneumatic drive of a pressure relief valve, previously set, desired pressing pressure is reached, optionally preferably controlled automatically by a height position switch, the plunger 10 is moved back to the upper starting position AP. After further filling with garbage, the downward movement of the stamp 10 is triggered again by the operator, who forces the freshly fed garbage into the compacting space 1b and compresses it there. During the movement of the compacting member, the filling door 5 and also the door 4 of the discharge opening 21 are advantageously closed with the aid of a locking mechanism. If, after refilling the compacting device with garbage, when it is compressed, the pressure set at the pressure switch is reached, this ensures that the ram 10 is either held in the end position reached by it, for example EP, and only after the garbage has been ejected or immediately returns to its starting position AP. The door 4 for completely releasing or closing the discharge opening 21 is actuated, for example, by means of the worm drive 15, 16 driven by the electric motor 12 via a transmission 14. The garbage compact 40 located in the compacting space 1b begins to re-expand as a result of the release of the pressing pressure and, due to the action of the conically widening walls 2b of the compacting space 1b, goes downward into the mounting rail 7 arranged on the press housing and on the drawer pull-out device frame 8 guided therein, with the bracket 9 formed bracket ejected garbage bag 6 ejected. Usually, the pressing chamber 1 has a frame 41 or supporting legs, for example formed from profiles or, as shown, integrated, which one or which is the problem-free introduction and removal of the filled with the garbage compact 40 Envelope 6 has or enable height. The actuation of the sliding door 4 in the arrangement shown, which closes or releases a discharge opening 21 with a cross-section which corresponds at least to the cross-section of the "broadest" area of the compacting space 1b, can for example also by a crank mechanism or the like. done manually.

Instead of an electro-hydraulic or pneumatic drive for the movement of the compacting element stamp 10, a worm, spindle or toothed drive can also be provided, which can be operated by means of an electric motor, preferably equipped with a fluid coupling. Toggle levers, electric linear motors or stationary internal combustion engines can also be used for the drive. In a preferred embodiment it is provided that the hydraulic or pneumatic drive for stamp 10, and possibly also for door 4 and / or 5, is connected directly to an existing water supply system or compressed gas system, so that the arrangement of a motor with a pump on the compacting device for the Generation of pressure in the pressure medium can be omitted.

In the upper part of the filling and precompacting space la, an opening 25 for the connection of a ventilation and suction line 26 is arranged outside the area of activity of the press ram 10; Also indicated are openings 29 located in the door 4, which are used to drain liquid released during the pressing of moist or wet waste. These can be introduced into an existing sewage or sewer network directly or only after discharge via discharge plates and collection via, if necessary, flexible discharge lines. The baffle plates 18 shown are used in the space between the door 4 and the frame of the press liquids to be safely discharged into the packaging container 6 for the garbage compact. However, the entire intermediate spaces can also be sealed by means of seals.

From the sectional view of FIG. 2 it can be seen that the compacting room 1b has a wall element 2b which widens towards the discharge opening 21 or the door 4 closing it only at its rear, while the corresponding element of the front wall has no kink in it extending wall element of the filling and pre-compacting room la merges. From this figure, in particular, the shape of the pivotable filler door ₅ with the cheeks 5a delimiting it laterally can be seen. Furthermore, it shows the drawer-like device 8, 9 guided in the guide ₇ for fastening the wrapping or packaging material, for example sack 6, receiving the garbage compact in the extended position. The pull-out is usually operated manually. The drawer extension shown here can easily be replaced, for example, by a roller-bearing carriage provided with a holder for the refuse container, which is pushed under the discharge opening 21 of the compacting device, or by other equivalent transport devices. The other reference numerals in FIG. 2 correspond to those in FIG. 1.

From the view of a section of the compacting device shown in FIG. 1 along the broken sectional plane CD shown in FIG. 3, it can be seen how the door 4 can be actuated by the worm drive 15 arranged on both sides with the nut ₁₆ , and shows the door 4 in the open position. In addition, the electric motor 12 arranged on the rear wall of the device with transmission elements 14 for driving the bearings in bearings 17 is shown in FIG

Screws 15 shown for the movement of the door 4. The remaining parts are identified by the same reference numerals as in FIG. 1.

Claims (13)

1. Device for compacting or pressing garbage or the like with an at least one, preferably a filling door (5), addition opening (20) and at least one with a closure member (4) closable, substantially downward discharge opening (21) Compressing chamber (1) in which at least one compacting member (30), for example with a piston or spindle drive, can be moved back and forth, in particular a one-piece press ram (10), with a shape which essentially corresponds to the shape of the cross-sectional area of the feed opening (20) assigned section of the pressing space corresponding pressing pressure application surface is arranged, preferably below the discharge opening (21) a device for receiving a packaging container, for example sacks (6), can be arranged for the compacted waste, characterized in that the pressing chamber (1) with the Compacting member (30) by an essentially prismatic and / or cylindrical wall n (2a) has a filling and precompacting space (la) which is assigned to the addition opening (20) provided with the closure member (5) and which is integral with one of the discharge openings (21) equipped with a closure member (4) ) assigned compacting space (lb) with an increasingly widening cross section in the direction of the discharge opening (21). 2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the filling and precompacting space (la) assigned to the feed opening (20) of the press chamber_ (1) has a rectangular or square cross-section and the discharge opening (21) integrally adjoining it. zugeord = nete compacting space (1b) towards this opening (21) has an enlarging, rectangular or square cross-section, with at least two, preferably three, adjoining wall elements (2b) delimiting the compacting space (lb) as facing the discharge opening (21), preferably with an opening angle α of 2 to 45 °, in particular from 5 to 30 °, opening truncated pyramid surfaces are formed. 3. Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the closure member (4) of the downward discharge opening (21) is arranged substantially parallel to the pressing pressure application surface of the stamp (10) of the reciprocating compacting member (30). 4. Device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the closure member (4) for the downward discharge opening (21) by an optionally divided, preferably by means of toothed or worm gear (15, 16) operable, door is formed . 5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the in the jacket of the prismatic and / or cylindrical filling and precompacting space (la) located addition opening (20) at most until the transition (lc) from the filling - And precompacting space (la) extends into the compacting space (1b). 6. Device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the drive for the compacting member (30), in particular a hydraulic or pneumatic drive, a pressure switch, in particular a pressure relief valve, which or when reaching a predetermined Kompaktierdruckes the Stamp (10) of the compacting element (30) on the garbage to be compacted interrupts the movement of the compacting element or its stamp (10). 7. Device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the stamp (10) of the compacting member (30) when falling below a desired height of the compacted garbage in the compacting room (1b) returning to its starting position (AP) and the addition opening (20) is designed to be free for further filling. 8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the stamp (10) of the compacting member (30) has a starting position (AP) for the compacting process, which essentially with the compacting space (lb) facing edge ( 5b) of the addition opening (20) matches. 9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the stamp (10) of the compacting member (30) has an end position (EP) for the compacting process, which is substantially at the level of the transition (lc) of the prismatic and / or cylindrical filling and pre-compacting space (la) is arranged in the compacting space (1b) which widens towards the discharge opening (21). 10. The device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that in the prismatic and / or cylindrical filling and precompacting space (la), optionally outside the range of action of the stamp (10) of the compacting member (30), at least one opening ( 25) is provided for the connection of a discharge or suction line. 11. The device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that in the wall (2b) of the compacting space (1b), and optionally in the closure member (4) of the discharge opening (21) at least one opening for the Introduction of a sterilization medium, in particular water vapor, is arranged. 12. Device according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that in the closure member (4) of the discharge opening (21), and optionally in the wall (2b) of the compacting space (lb), drain openings (29) for liquids are arranged , which may lead to discharge lines for the liquid drain. 13. The device according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that below the spaces or joints between the discharge opening (21) of the compacting space (lb) bounding walls (2b) and the closure member (4) and below, if necessary In the walls (2b) and / or in the door (4) existing drain openings (29), baffles (18) or drainage channels for liquids are arranged, which may lead to discharge lines for the liquid drain.

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