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EP0176817B1 - Switch-panel for household appliance with a retractable turning knob - Google Patents

Switch-panel for household appliance with a retractable turning knob Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0176817B1
EP0176817B1 EP85111399A EP85111399A EP0176817B1 EP 0176817 B1 EP0176817 B1 EP 0176817B1 EP 85111399 A EP85111399 A EP 85111399A EP 85111399 A EP85111399 A EP 85111399A EP 0176817 B1 EP0176817 B1 EP 0176817B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
rotary knob
switch cover
switch
annular
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85111399A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0176817A1 (en
Inventor
Manfred Baumgartl
Joachim Weinhold
Helmut Straninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH filed Critical Licentia Patent Verwaltungs GmbH
Publication of EP0176817A1 publication Critical patent/EP0176817A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0176817B1 publication Critical patent/EP0176817B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G1/00Controlling members, e.g. knobs or handles; Assemblies or arrangements thereof; Indicating position of controlling members
    • G05G1/08Controlling members for hand actuation by rotary movement, e.g. hand wheels
    • G05G1/10Details, e.g. of discs, knobs, wheels or handles
    • G05G1/105Details, e.g. of discs, knobs, wheels or handles comprising arrangements for illumination
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05GCONTROL DEVICES OR SYSTEMS INSOFAR AS CHARACTERISED BY MECHANICAL FEATURES ONLY
    • G05G1/00Controlling members, e.g. knobs or handles; Assemblies or arrangements thereof; Indicating position of controlling members
    • G05G1/08Controlling members for hand actuation by rotary movement, e.g. hand wheels
    • G05G1/087Controlling members for hand actuation by rotary movement, e.g. hand wheels retractable; Flush control knobs
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H19/00Switches operated by an operating part which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis thereof and which is acted upon directly by a solid body external to the switch, e.g. by a hand
    • H01H19/02Details
    • H01H19/025Light-emitting indicators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/08Turn knobs
    • H01H2003/085Retractable turn knobs, e.g. flush mounted
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2219/00Legends
    • H01H2219/054Optical elements
    • H01H2219/062Light conductor
    • H01H2219/0622Light conductor only an illuminated ring around keys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a switch panel for household appliances with a retractable rotary knob according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the retractable rotary knob of the known type by means of an optical display device in order to enable the operator to be able to recognize or read the setting marking characters even in the case of poor lighting of the room or impaired visual acuity.
  • the invention provides a switch panel with a retractable rotary knob with illuminated setting markings. which allows the setting markings on the switch panel to be clearly recognized even under unfavorable lighting conditions and poor visual acuity. Furthermore, this switch panel is characterized by a uniform light distribution in the entire area of the setting marking signs surrounding the retractable rotary knob. Another particular advantage is the fact that an additional optical operating display can be omitted, since the start-up of the relevant consumer is also signaled by the lighting up of the marking signs.
  • the diaphragm plate 1 designates the front panel of a switch panel for a household appliance panel panel, which in the illustrated embodiment is made of a transparent material. e.g. Glass.
  • the diaphragm plate 1 is coated from the rear or covered with a mask such that a transparent ring area 3 remains only around a toggle opening 2.
  • the toggle opening 2 in the diaphragm plate 1 is occupied by a retractable rotary toggle 4, which is designed as a hollow cylinder and which, in its lowered position (rest position), is approximately aligned with the front of the diaphragm plate 1.
  • the rotary toggle 4 is slidably or displaceably on a toggle shaft 5 which is operatively connected to a switching or regulating device 7 via a plug connection axis 6.
  • a compression spring 8 is accommodated, which is supported against the end of the knob shaft 5 which ends in the rotary knob and with the aid of which it is pressed by briefly tapping the rotary knob 1 from its retracted latching position into the extended operating position in which the switch - Or control device 7 can be set.
  • the reflector body 9 has an open annular reflector chamber 11, which is formed by molding so that the reflector body and the reflector chamber are formed in one piece.
  • the open side of the reflector chamber 11 directed towards the rear of the diaphragm plate 1 is covered with a translucent or translucent ring body 12, which preferably consists of a prismatic glass or a glass ring with a prismatic surface.
  • a lighting device is accommodated, which consists of several individual glow lamps 13 distributed around its circumference.
  • the individual glow lamps 13 are an integral part of an insulating ring body 14 made of hard paper or the like, which is held on the back of the reflector chamber 11 by a snap connection 15.
  • the snap connection 15 consists of a catch, nose or the like formed on the edge of the open reflector chamber 11, behind which the insulating ring body 14 is snapped.
  • a stop centering 16 for the insulating ring body 14 is formed in the wall of the reflector body 9.
  • the glow lamps 12 are arranged vertically projecting from the insulating ring body 14.
  • a fixing lug 17 is formed to secure the glow lamps 13.
  • the insulating body 14 also carries the electrical circuit for the glow lamps, which is designed in a known manner as a printed circuit.
  • a switch position indicator 18 made of translucent material is coupled with the rotational movement of the rotary knob 4 and transmits the switching or regulating device 7, the ring-like marking surface 19 of which is arranged between the translucent ring body 12 of the reflector chamber 11 and the rear of the diaphragm plate 1 . In front of the marking surface 19 there is the transparent ring area 3 of the diaphragm plate 1.
  • the switch position indicator 18 is also cylindrical or pot-shaped and designed so that the reflector body 9 takes it in with play.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schalterblende für Haushaltsgeräte mit einem versenkbaren Drehknebel nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruches 1.The invention relates to a switch panel for household appliances with a retractable rotary knob according to the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der DE-C-2701 017 ist eine Schalterblende für ein Haushaltsgerät mit einem versenkbaren Drehknebel dieser Art bekannt.From DE-C-2701 017 a switch panel for a household appliance with a retractable rotary knob of this type is known.

Ausgehend von diesem Stand der Technik liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, den versenkbaren Drehknebel der bekannten Art durch eine optische Anzeigeeinrichtung zu verbessern, um das Erkennen bzw. Ablesen der Einstell-Markierungszeichen auch bei mangelhafter Raumausleuchtung oder beeinträchtigter Sehschärfe der Bedienungsperson zweifelsfrei zu ermöglichen.Based on this prior art, the object of the invention is to improve the retractable rotary knob of the known type by means of an optical display device in order to enable the operator to be able to recognize or read the setting marking characters even in the case of poor lighting of the room or impaired visual acuity.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe gemäss der Erfindung ist dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruches 1 zu entnehmen.The solution to this problem according to the invention can be found in the characterizing part of patent claim 1.

Zweckmässige weitere Ausgestaltungen des Gegenstandes der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Appropriate further refinements of the subject matter of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

Durch die Erfindung wird eine Schalterblende mit einem versenkbaren Drehknebel mit beleuchteten Einstell-Markierungszeichen geschaffen. der auch bei ungünstigen Lichtverhältnissen und mangelhafter Sehschärfe ein deutliches Erkennen der Einstell-Markierungszeichen an der Schalterblende zulässt. Weiterhin zeichnet sich diese Schalterblende durch eine gleichmässige Lichtverteilung im gesamten Bereich der den versenkbaren Drehknebel ringartig umgebenden Einstell-Markierungszeichen aus. Ein besonderer Vorteil ist ausserdem noch darin zu sehen, dass eine zusätzliche optische Betriebsanzeige entfallen kann, da durch Aufleuchten der Markierungszeichen auch gleichzeitig die Inbetriebnahme des betreffenden Verbrauchers signalisiert wird.The invention provides a switch panel with a retractable rotary knob with illuminated setting markings. which allows the setting markings on the switch panel to be clearly recognized even under unfavorable lighting conditions and poor visual acuity. Furthermore, this switch panel is characterized by a uniform light distribution in the entire area of the setting marking signs surrounding the retractable rotary knob. Another particular advantage is the fact that an additional optical operating display can be omitted, since the start-up of the relevant consumer is also signaled by the lighting up of the marking signs.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird anhand dieser näher erläutert.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be explained in more detail with reference to this.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Schalterblende für ein Haushaltsgerät mit einem versenkten Drehknebel und einer optischen Anzeigeeinrichtung im Schnitt,
  • Fig. 2a eine Vorderansicht der Schalterblende,
  • Fig. 2b die Schalterblende ohne die die Vorderseite bildende Blendenplatte.
Show it:
  • 1 is a switch panel for a household appliance with a recessed rotary knob and an optical display device in section,
  • 2a is a front view of the switch panel,
  • Fig. 2b, the switch panel without the panel plate forming the front.

Mit 1 ist die die Vorderseite einer Schalterblende für ein Haushaltsgerät bildende Blendenplatte bezeichnet, die beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel aus einem durchsichtigen Material. z.B. Glas, besteht. Die Blendenplatte 1 ist dabei von der Rückseite her so beschichtet oder mit einer Maske abgedeckt, dass lediglich um eine Knebelöffnung 2 herum ein durchsichtiger Ringbereich 3 verbleibt. Die Knebelöffnung 2 in der Blendenplatte 1 wird von einem versenkbaren Drehknebel 4 eingenommen, der als Hohlzylinder ausgebildet ist und der in seiner versenkten Stellung (Ruhestellung) mit der Vorderseite der Blendenplatte 1 in etwa fluchtet. Der Drehknebel 4 sitzt gleit- bzw. verschiebbar auf einer Knebelwelle 5, die über eine Steckverbindungsachse 6 mit einer Schalt- oder Regeleinrichtung 7 in Wirkverbindung gebracht ist. Im Inneren des Drehknebels 4 ist eine Druckfeder 8 untergebracht, die sich gegen die im Drehknebel endende Stirnseite der Knebelwelle 5 abstützt und mit Hilfe derer durch ein kurzzeitiges Antippen des Drehknebels 1 dieser aus seiner versenkten Raststellung in die ausgefahrene Betriebsstellung gedrückt wird, in der die Schalt- oder Regeleinrichtung 7 eingestellt werden kann. Hinter der Rückseite der Blendenplatte 1 befindet sich ein den versenkbaren Drehknebel 4 in sich aufnehmender zylinder- bzw. topfartiger Reflektorkörper 9, der in nicht dargestellter Weise durch eine Steck- bzw. Laschenverbindung an einem die Blendenplatte 1 tragenden Blendenrahmen 10 gehaltert ist. Der Reflektorkörper 9 weist eine offene ringförmige Reflektorkammer 11 auf, die durch Anformen gebildet ist, do dass Reflektorkörper und Reflektorkammer einstückig ausgebildet sind. Die zur Rückseite der Blendenplatte 1 hin gerichtete offene Seite der Reflektorkammer 11 ist mit einem lichtdurchlässigen bzw. lichtdurchscheinenden Ringkörper 12, der vorzugsweise aus einem Prismenglas bzw. einem Glasring mit prismenartiger Oberfläche besteht, abgedeckt. In der Reflektorkammer 11 ist eine Leuchteinrichtung untergebracht, die aus mehreren um deren Umfang verteilt angeordneten einzelnen Glimmlampen 13 besteht. Die einzelnen Glimmlampen 13 sind fester Bestandteil eines aus Hartpapier oder dgl. bestehenden Isolierringkörpers 14, der an der Rückseite der Reflektorkammer 11 durch eine Schnappverbindung 15 gehalten ist. Die Schnappverbindung 15 besteht aus einer am Rand der offenen Reflektorkammer 11 angeformten Raste, Nase oder dgl., hinter der der Isolierringkörper 14 eingeschnappt wird. Der Schnappverbindung 15 gegenüberliegend ist in der Wandung des Reflektorkörpers 9 eine Anschlagzentrierung 16 für den Isolierringkörper 14 gebildet. Die Glimmlampen 12 sind senkrecht vom Isolierringkörper 14 abstehend angeordnet. Im Inneren der Reflektorkammer 11 ist zur Sicherung der Glimmlampen 13 ein Fixieransatz 17 angeformt.1 designates the front panel of a switch panel for a household appliance panel panel, which in the illustrated embodiment is made of a transparent material. e.g. Glass. The diaphragm plate 1 is coated from the rear or covered with a mask such that a transparent ring area 3 remains only around a toggle opening 2. The toggle opening 2 in the diaphragm plate 1 is occupied by a retractable rotary toggle 4, which is designed as a hollow cylinder and which, in its lowered position (rest position), is approximately aligned with the front of the diaphragm plate 1. The rotary toggle 4 is slidably or displaceably on a toggle shaft 5 which is operatively connected to a switching or regulating device 7 via a plug connection axis 6. Inside the rotary knob 4, a compression spring 8 is accommodated, which is supported against the end of the knob shaft 5 which ends in the rotary knob and with the aid of which it is pressed by briefly tapping the rotary knob 1 from its retracted latching position into the extended operating position in which the switch - Or control device 7 can be set. Behind the rear of the panel plate 1 there is a retractable rotary knob 4 in a cylindrical or pot-like reflector body 9, which is held in a manner not shown by a plug or tab connection on a panel frame 10 carrying the panel plate 1. The reflector body 9 has an open annular reflector chamber 11, which is formed by molding so that the reflector body and the reflector chamber are formed in one piece. The open side of the reflector chamber 11 directed towards the rear of the diaphragm plate 1 is covered with a translucent or translucent ring body 12, which preferably consists of a prismatic glass or a glass ring with a prismatic surface. In the reflector chamber 11, a lighting device is accommodated, which consists of several individual glow lamps 13 distributed around its circumference. The individual glow lamps 13 are an integral part of an insulating ring body 14 made of hard paper or the like, which is held on the back of the reflector chamber 11 by a snap connection 15. The snap connection 15 consists of a catch, nose or the like formed on the edge of the open reflector chamber 11, behind which the insulating ring body 14 is snapped. Opposite the snap connection 15, a stop centering 16 for the insulating ring body 14 is formed in the wall of the reflector body 9. The glow lamps 12 are arranged vertically projecting from the insulating ring body 14. In the interior of the reflector chamber 11, a fixing lug 17 is formed to secure the glow lamps 13.

Der Isolierkörper 14 trägt auch die elektrische Schaltung für die Glimmlampen, die in bekannter Weise als gedruckte Schaltung ausgeführt ist.The insulating body 14 also carries the electrical circuit for the glow lamps, which is designed in a known manner as a printed circuit.

Mit der die Drehbewegung des Drehknebels 4 auf die Schalt- oder Regeleinrichtung 7 übertragenden Steckverbindungsachse 6 ist ein mit Markierungen versehener Schalterstellungsanzeiger 18 aus lichtdurchscheinendem Material mitnehmend gekoppelt, dessen ringartige Markierungsfläche 19 zwischen dem lichtdurchlässigen Ringkörper 12 der Reflektorkammer 11 und der Rückseite der Blendenplatte 1 angeordnet ist. Vor der Markierungsfläche 19 befindet sich der durchsichtige Ringbereich 3 der Blendenplatte 1. Der Schalterstellungsanzeiger 18 ist ebenfalls zylinder- oder topfartig ausgebildet und so ausgelegt, dass der Reflektorkörper 9 diesen mit Spiel in sich aufnimmt.A switch position indicator 18 made of translucent material is coupled with the rotational movement of the rotary knob 4 and transmits the switching or regulating device 7, the ring-like marking surface 19 of which is arranged between the translucent ring body 12 of the reflector chamber 11 and the rear of the diaphragm plate 1 . In front of the marking surface 19 there is the transparent ring area 3 of the diaphragm plate 1. The switch position indicator 18 is also cylindrical or pot-shaped and designed so that the reflector body 9 takes it in with play.

Claims (7)

1. Switch cover for household appliances, e.g. kitchen stoves, washing machines, etc., with a depressable rotary knob (4) with setting marks for setting the switching or control devices (7) arranged behind the switch cover, characterised by the following features:
- a cylinder- or pot-like reflector body (9), which accommodates the depressable rotary knob (4), is secured behind the rear of the switch cover (1 ),
- the reflector body (9) is provided with an annular reflector chamber (11) which is open towards the switch cover (1 ),
- the open, front side of the reflector chamber (11) is covered by a transparent annular body (12),
- the reflector chamber (11) contains a plurality of glow lamps (13) which are distributed over the circumference and are fixed components of an annular insulating body (14),
- the annular insulating body (14) is secured to the rear of the reflector chamber (11) by a snap connection (15),
- a switch position indicator (18) of a light- transmitting material, which is provided with the markings and the marking surface (19) of which is arranged between the transparent annular body (12) of the reflector chamber (11) and the rear of the switch cover (1), is associated with the rotary knob (4).
2. Switch cover with a rotary knob according to claim 1, characterised in that the reflector chamber (11) is formed onto the reflector body (9).
3. Switch cover with a rotary knob according to claim 1, characterised in that the light-transmitting annular body (12) consists of prismatic glass.
4. Switch cover with a rotary knob according to claim 1, characterised in that the snap connection (15) for the annular insulating body (14) consists of a detent lug or similar, which is formed onto the reflector chamber (11) and apposite which a centering stop (16) is disposed in the wall of the reflector body (9).
5. Switch cover with a rotary knob according to claim 1, characterised in that a fixing attachment (17) is formed onto the inside of the reflector chamber (11) to secure the glow lamps (13).
6. Switch cover with a rotary knob according to claim 1, characterised in that the annular insulating body (14) consists of laminated paper and is provided with a printed circuit for rhe glow lamps (13).
7. Switch cover with a rotary knob according to claim 1, characterised in that the switch position indicator (18) is in the form of a cylinder or a pot and is designed such that it can be accommodated with play in the reflector body (9).
EP85111399A 1984-09-26 1985-09-10 Switch-panel for household appliance with a retractable turning knob Expired EP0176817B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843435292 DE3435292A1 (en) 1984-09-26 1984-09-26 SWITCH PANEL FOR HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES WITH A FOLDING TURNTABLE
DE3435292 1984-09-26

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0176817A1 EP0176817A1 (en) 1986-04-09
EP0176817B1 true EP0176817B1 (en) 1988-11-17

Family

ID=6246396

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85111399A Expired EP0176817B1 (en) 1984-09-26 1985-09-10 Switch-panel for household appliance with a retractable turning knob

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0176817B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3435292A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19835141C2 (en) * 1997-08-20 2001-02-08 Aeg Hausgeraete Gmbh Cooking appliance
CN100339529C (en) * 2002-03-05 2007-09-26 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 Controller composite structure of washing machine
US10598429B2 (en) 2012-12-14 2020-03-24 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Cooling device comprising of a knob providing the adjustment of the compartment temperature

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3702291A1 (en) * 1987-01-27 1988-08-04 Buderus Kuechentechnik DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE SWITCHES AND CONTROL DEVICES OF A HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCE
DE3900737A1 (en) * 1989-01-12 1990-07-26 Hurst & Schroeder Gmbh Device for the setting of switching and control devices of a household appliance
DE3915158C2 (en) * 1989-05-09 1996-02-01 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Device for displaying the program sequence and / or the selected program in household appliances
JP2556126Y2 (en) * 1991-09-13 1997-12-03 旭光学工業株式会社 Camera operation parts
DE4230160A1 (en) * 1992-09-09 1994-03-10 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Rotary knob
ES1031005Y (en) * 1995-05-08 1996-04-16 Fagor S Coop Ltda RETRAIBLE ROTARY CONTROL WITH POSITION INDICATOR RING.
DE19819433C1 (en) * 1998-04-30 1999-09-16 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Rotary operating switch for domestic electrical appliance e.g. baking oven
DE102009006434B3 (en) 2009-01-22 2010-06-17 E.G.O. Elektro-Gerätebau GmbH Operating device for an electrical device and control panel
WO2012089556A2 (en) * 2010-12-31 2012-07-05 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi A household appliance comprising a knob the outer periphery of which is illuminated
CN104949162B (en) * 2014-03-27 2017-07-28 樱花卫厨(中国)股份有限公司 Kitchen range are with concealed adjustment knobs control structure
CN106152187B (en) * 2016-08-20 2018-04-17 华帝股份有限公司 Liftable knob
US10330324B2 (en) * 2017-03-07 2019-06-25 Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. Appliance and illuminated knob assembly

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1679226A1 (en) * 1967-11-29 1971-03-25 Neff Werke Display device for the operating status of cookers
DE2364667C2 (en) * 1973-12-24 1982-08-05 Neff - Werke, Carl Neff Gmbh, 7518 Bretten Actuating device for the switching or control devices of stoves arranged behind a switch panel
DE7517896U (en) * 1975-06-05 1975-11-13 Burger Eisenwerke Ag Display device for stoves
DE2701017C2 (en) * 1977-01-12 1984-06-20 Bosch-Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, 7000 Stuttgart Rotary knobs for the switches of household appliances

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19835141C2 (en) * 1997-08-20 2001-02-08 Aeg Hausgeraete Gmbh Cooking appliance
CN100339529C (en) * 2002-03-05 2007-09-26 乐金电子(天津)电器有限公司 Controller composite structure of washing machine
US10598429B2 (en) 2012-12-14 2020-03-24 Arcelik Anonim Sirketi Cooling device comprising of a knob providing the adjustment of the compartment temperature

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3566325D1 (en) 1988-12-22
DE3435292A1 (en) 1986-04-03
EP0176817A1 (en) 1986-04-09

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