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EP0154159B1 - Loading device for a crane - Google Patents

Loading device for a crane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0154159B1
EP0154159B1 EP85100991A EP85100991A EP0154159B1 EP 0154159 B1 EP0154159 B1 EP 0154159B1 EP 85100991 A EP85100991 A EP 85100991A EP 85100991 A EP85100991 A EP 85100991A EP 0154159 B1 EP0154159 B1 EP 0154159B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crane
oil pressure
loading gear
storage means
component parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP85100991A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0154159A1 (en
Inventor
Hermann Kruse
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT85100991T priority Critical patent/ATE51204T1/en
Publication of EP0154159A1 publication Critical patent/EP0154159A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/42Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
    • B66C1/425Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles motor actuated
    • B66C1/427Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles motor actuated by hydraulic or pneumatic motors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a crane loading harness with a manually operated actuating device which is provided with at least one hydraulic working cylinder, that a loading harness head which can be coupled to a load hook of a crane portion has two components which can be moved relative to one another in the vertical direction over a limited stroke and that with the relatively movable components an oil pressure cylinder provided with a memory and drivable by the crane lifting movements is provided, which is connected to the hydraulic working cylinders by means of manually operated control valves.
  • a crane loading harness of a similar type is known (US-A-3 310 335), the known mechanism for gripping tree trunks being controlled either completely automatically without manual actuation or by (manually operated) radio remote control.
  • US-A-3 310 335 the known mechanism for gripping tree trunks being controlled either completely automatically without manual actuation or by (manually operated) radio remote control.
  • This known crane loading harness is thus a closed hydraulic system or a closed oil circuit which, in the aforementioned sense, only needs to be brought into an operational state from the outside with external funds at the start of work, each time after an interruption in operation.
  • Such a crane loading harness which has such a closed hydraulic system or a closed oil circuit, is disadvantageous, since there must always be external means for generating air or gas under pressure at the place of use of the crane loading harness, if it starts work at the start of work required old print is generated.
  • these external means for generating an air or gas pressure themselves represent systems which have to be put into operation, serviced and supplied with external energy means in order to be able to perform their intended function in cooperation with the crane loading gear.
  • the interaction with the hydraulic system of the crane loading gear requires careful operation in order to apply the required air or gas pressure to the crane loading gear. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crane loading harness that is completely free of an external power supply in all working conditions and can thus be used in any location without its own infrastructure, which is simple to use and easy to set up in operation at any time can.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the oil pressure sufficient for a first actuation of the crane loading gear can be generated at the start of work by a small number of crane lifting movements, that the two components of the loading gear head which are movable relative to one another are formed by a support plate and a gripper head plate, wherein the support plate and the gripper head plate are biased in the contraction direction with springs surrounding guide bolts, and in that a manually operable drain valve is arranged between the oil pressure reservoir and the pressure oil reservoir.
  • the advantage of the crane loading harness according to the invention is that the support plate and the gripper head plate are kept at a distance from each other in a defined state in the idle state by the prestressed spring acting between them and when the crane loading harness is put into operation against the spring preload, the support plate and the gripper head plate are moved towards each other the oil pressure of the hydraulic system can be generated at the start of work in the sense of a pumping movement.
  • a crane on which the crane loading gear hangs, lifts it a few times.
  • the required oil pressure is thus brought from zero to the required operating pressure in a very simple way, with these pump movements the support plate and the gripper head plate again and again after the crane loading gear has been placed on a surface, by means of the spring acting between them, to the maximum possible distance from one another will.
  • the open oil circuit provided for the crane loading gear allows use in places where there is no infrastructure in relation to the external energy to be provided for the operation of crane loading gear, since the pressure can be built up independently.
  • Palettengre i fer is a Gripper formation, such as, for example, the utility model G 8305 175.9 shows the Applicant.
  • the essence of the present invention is the actual oil pressure generator, which is located in the head part 11 of the pallet gripper 10.
  • the crane hook eye 12 is located on an upper support plate 13, which is connected to a lower support plate 17 via guide bolts 15.
  • a gripper head plate 14, which is connected to the actual gripper arrangement via a linkage 18, is located between the upper support plate 13 and the lower support plate 17 and can be moved in the vertical direction.
  • the gripper head plate 14 is mounted on the guide pin 15 so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction and is supported on the return springs 16 surrounding the pin 15. It is understandable that when lifting the pallet gripper, i.e. when the crane hook eye 12 moves into the position denoted by 12 ', the gripper head plate 14 moves away from the upper support plate 13 and approaches the lower support plate 17.
  • a piston-cylinder arrangement is formed between the gripper head plate 14 and the lower support plate 17.
  • the support plate 17 carries the piston rod 29 of a hydraulic cylinder 21 which is attached to the underside of the movable gripper head plate 14.
  • This hydraulic cylinder 21 is the actual oil pressure generator; it is arranged together with an oil pressure accumulator 23 and a pressure oil collecting container 22, an overpressure safety valve 24 and an emptying valve 25 below a hood 50 covering the head part 11 of the pallet gripper.
  • a pressure medium feed line 35 and a pressure medium return line 36 lead downward to a control valve 34 to be operated by the operator, which selectively connects the lines 35 and 36 mentioned to the motor connection lines 32, 33 of the working cylinder 31.
  • the hydraulic mode of operation is described below with reference to FIG. 2: With each lifting operation, i.e. each time the crane hook eye 12 comes into position 12 ', the piston rod 29 moves and with it the piston in the cylinder 21 upwards. The pressure oil displaced on the piston rod side reaches the oil pressure accumulator 23 via the check valve 28. The space on the cylinder head side of the cylinder 21 is in constant communication with the pressure oil collecting container 22 via the filter 26, so that oil can be drawn in and discharged as required.
  • the oil pressure accumulator 23 is connected to the control valve 34, for example a control slide, via the feed line 35.
  • the control slide 34 is also connected to the collecting container 22 via a line 36 and the filter 26, so that pressure oil is also released again.
  • two motor feed lines 32 and 33 lead to the two cylinder spaces of the working cylinder 31, so that the piston rod 30 can be extended and retracted for the desired actuation. If the band lever 41 shown schematically in FIG. 2 is moved, starting from the locked neutral position, the line 32 can be pressurized and the line 33 connected to the collecting container or vice versa, depending on the desired direction of actuation.
  • a conventional centering spring 42 can ensure that the control slide 34 remains in the non-actuated state in the blocking neutral position.
  • a manually adjustable throttle 44 is preferably provided in the feed line 35, which can also be bridged by a check valve in a manner known per se, so that the throttle 44 only acts in one direction of actuation.
  • a manually operated drain valve 25 is located between the feed line 35 and the return line 36 leading to the collecting container 22.
  • an overpressure safety valve 24 which, for. B. opens at a pressure of 150 bar. This means that the system cannot be hydraulically overloaded even with frequent up and down movements of the loading gear and inadequate actuation of the working cylinder.
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, since the invention can also be used for all other types of hoists, in addition to pallet grippers, which additionally have an actuating device which can be operated with hydraulic power and which is to be supplied with pressure oil without interfering supply lines.
  • the linear working cylinder 31 is also to be regarded as an example, since other types of hydraulic motors can also be actuated with the hydraulic auxiliary force, for example when the rotary movements are triggered. Depending on the application, it is also possible to provide more than one working cylinder.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)

Abstract

1. Crane loading gear with manually operable actuating device provided with at least one hydraulic working cylinder (31), wherein a loading gear head (11) which is adapted to be coupled to a load hook of a crane part has two component parts (13, 14) adapted to move through a limited travel in respect of each other in a vertical direction and wherein there is connected to the relatively mowable component parts (13, 14) an oil pressure cylinder (21) which is provided with a storage means (23) and which can be driven by the lifting movements of the crane, the oil pressure cylinder (21) being connected via manually operable control valves (34) to the hydraulic working cylinders (31), characterised in that the oil pressure adequate for an initial actuation of the crane loading gear when work commences can be generated by a minimal number of crane lifting movements and in that the two component parts of the loading gear head (11) which are adapted for movement in respect of each other comprise a carrying plate (13) and a gripper head plate (14), the carrying plate (13) and the gripper head plate (14) being initially tensioned in the contraction direction by springs (16) which enclose guide bolts (15) and in that between the oil pressure storage means (23) and a pressurised oil storage container (22) there is a manually operable emptying valve (25).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Kranladegeschirr mit manuell bedienbarer Betätigungsvorrichtung, die mit wenigstens einem hydraulischen Arbeitszylinder versehen ist, daß ein mit einem Lasthaken eines Kranteils koppelbarer Ladegeschirr-Kopf zwei in vertikaler Richtung über einen begrenzten Hub relativ zueinander bewegbare Bauteile aufweist und das mit den relativ beweglichen Bauteilen ein mit einem Speicher versehener, durch die Kranhubbewegungen antreibbarer Öldruckzylinder vorgesehen ist, welcher über manuell bedienbare Steuerventile mit den hydraulischen Arbeitszylindern in Verbindung steht.The invention relates to a crane loading harness with a manually operated actuating device which is provided with at least one hydraulic working cylinder, that a loading harness head which can be coupled to a load hook of a crane portion has two components which can be moved relative to one another in the vertical direction over a limited stroke and that with the relatively movable components an oil pressure cylinder provided with a memory and drivable by the crane lifting movements is provided, which is connected to the hydraulic working cylinders by means of manually operated control valves.

Ein Kranladegeschirr ähnlicher Art ist bekannt (US-A-3 310 335), wobei der bekannt Mechanismus zum Greifen von Baumstämmen entweder vollständig automatisch ohne manuelle Betätigung oder durch (manuell betätigte) Funk-Fernsteuerung gesteuert wird. Bei Inbetriebnahme des bekannten Kranladegeschirrs ist es zunächst nötig, mittels von außen der Vorrichtung zugeführter Luft oder Gas einen vorbestimmten minimalen Arbeitsdruck in zwei dort vorgesehenen Druckbehältern aufzubauen. Erst dann kann die Vorrichtung für Ihren bestimmungsgemäßen Betrieb in Gang gesetzt werden. Es handelt sich bei diesem bekannten Kranladegeschirr somit um ein geschlossenes Hydrauliksystem bzw. um einen geschlossenen Ölkreislauf, der im vorbezeichneten Sinne bei Arbeitsbeginn erst von außen mit Fremdmitteln in einen betriebsbereiten Zustand überführt werden muß und zwar jedes mal nach einer Betriebsunterbrechung neu.A crane loading harness of a similar type is known (US-A-3 310 335), the known mechanism for gripping tree trunks being controlled either completely automatically without manual actuation or by (manually operated) radio remote control. When the known crane loading gear is put into operation, it is first necessary to build up a predetermined minimum working pressure in two pressure vessels provided there by means of air or gas supplied from the outside of the device. Only then can the device be started for your intended operation. This known crane loading harness is thus a closed hydraulic system or a closed oil circuit which, in the aforementioned sense, only needs to be brought into an operational state from the outside with external funds at the start of work, each time after an interruption in operation.

Ein derartiges Kranladegeschirr, das ein derart geschlossenes Hydrauliksystem bzw. einen geschlossenen Ölkreislauf aufweist, ist nachteilig, da immer Fremdmittel zur Erzeugung von unter Druck befindlicher Luft oder unter Druck befindlichem Gas am Einsatzort des Kranladegeschirrs vorhanden sein müssen, wenn bei diesem bei Arbeitsbeginn für die Arbeitsaufnahme erforderlichen Oldruck erzeugt wird. Hinzu kommt, daß diese Fremdmittel zur Erzeugung eines Luft- oder Gasdruckes selbst wiederum Systeme darstellen, die in Betrieb gesetzt, gewartet und mit Fremdenergiemitteln versorgt werden müssen, um ihre bestimmungsgemäße Funktion im Zusammenwirken mit dem Kranladegeschirr ausüben zu können. Zudem erfordert das Zusammenwirken mit dem Hydrauliksystem des Kranladegeschirr eine sorgfältige Bedienung, um das Kranladegeschirr mit dem geforderten Luft- oder Gasdruck zu beaufschlagen. Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ein Kranladegeschirr zu schaffen, das in allen Arbeitszuständen völlig frei von einer Fremdenergieversorgung ist und sich somit an beliebigen Orten ohne eigene Infrastruktur einsetzen läßt, das einfach in der Bedienbarkeit und im Aufbau ist jederzeit auf einfache Weise in Betrieb genommen werden kann.Such a crane loading harness, which has such a closed hydraulic system or a closed oil circuit, is disadvantageous, since there must always be external means for generating air or gas under pressure at the place of use of the crane loading harness, if it starts work at the start of work required old print is generated. In addition, these external means for generating an air or gas pressure themselves represent systems which have to be put into operation, serviced and supplied with external energy means in order to be able to perform their intended function in cooperation with the crane loading gear. In addition, the interaction with the hydraulic system of the crane loading gear requires careful operation in order to apply the required air or gas pressure to the crane loading gear. It is an object of the present invention to provide a crane loading harness that is completely free of an external power supply in all working conditions and can thus be used in any location without its own infrastructure, which is simple to use and easy to set up in operation at any time can.

Gelöst wird die Aufgabe gemäß der Erfindung dadurch, daß der für eine erste Betätigung des Kranladegeschirrs ausreichende Öldruck bei Arbeitsbeginn durch eine geringe Zahl von Kranhubbewegungen erzeugbar ist, daß die beiden relativ zueinander beweglichen Bauteile des Ladegeschirr-Kopfes durch eine Tragplatte und eine Greiferkopfplatte gebildet werden, wobei die Tragplatte und die Greiferkopfplatte in Kontraktionsrichtung mit Führungsbolzen umgebenden Federn vorgespannt sind, und daß zwischen Öldruckspeicher und Druckölvorratsbehälter ein manuell bedienbares Entleerungsventil angeordnet ist.The object is achieved according to the invention in that the oil pressure sufficient for a first actuation of the crane loading gear can be generated at the start of work by a small number of crane lifting movements, that the two components of the loading gear head which are movable relative to one another are formed by a support plate and a gripper head plate, wherein the support plate and the gripper head plate are biased in the contraction direction with springs surrounding guide bolts, and in that a manually operable drain valve is arranged between the oil pressure reservoir and the pressure oil reservoir.

Der Vorteil des erfindungsgemäßen Kranladegeschirrs liegt darin, daß die Tragplatte und die Greiferkopfplatte durch die zwischen ihnen wirkende vorgespannte Feder im Ruhezustand in einem definierten Zustand voneinander beabstandet gehalten werden und bei Inbetriebnahme des Kranladegeschirrs entgegen der Federvorspannung, die Tragplatte und die Greiferkopfplatte aufeinander zu bewegt werden wobei dabei im Sinne einer Pumpbewegung der Öldruck des Hydrauliksystems bei Arbeitsbeginn erzeugbar ist.The advantage of the crane loading harness according to the invention is that the support plate and the gripper head plate are kept at a distance from each other in a defined state in the idle state by the prestressed spring acting between them and when the crane loading harness is put into operation against the spring preload, the support plate and the gripper head plate are moved towards each other the oil pressure of the hydraulic system can be generated at the start of work in the sense of a pumping movement.

Durch einen Kran, an dem das Kranladegeschirr hängt, wird dieses einige wenige Male angehoben. Der erforderliche Öldruck wird somit auf sehr einfache Weise von null auf den erforderlichen Betriebsdruck gebracht, wobei bei diesen Pumpbewegungen die Tragplatte und die Greiferkopfplatte immer wieder, nach dem Absetzten des Kranladegeschirrs auf einem Untergrund, durch die zwischen ihnen wirkende Feder auf maximal mögliche Läufe voneinander entfernt werden. Der beim Kranladegeschirr vorgesehene offene Ölkreislauf gestattet, wie angestrebt, einen Einsatz auch an Orten, an denen in bezug auf bereitzustellende Fremdenergie zum Betrieb von Kranladegeschirren keine Infrastruktur vorhanden ist, da der Druck selbständig aufgebaut werden kann.A crane, on which the crane loading gear hangs, lifts it a few times. The required oil pressure is thus brought from zero to the required operating pressure in a very simple way, with these pump movements the support plate and the gripper head plate again and again after the crane loading gear has been placed on a surface, by means of the spring acting between them, to the maximum possible distance from one another will. As intended, the open oil circuit provided for the crane loading gear allows use in places where there is no infrastructure in relation to the external energy to be provided for the operation of crane loading gear, since the pressure can be built up independently.

Weiter Einzelheiten und Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen.Further details and features of the invention emerge from the dependent claims.

Nachfolgend wird anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform der Erfindung näher erläutert.A preferred embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing.

In der Zeichnung zeigen,

  • Fig. 1 eine schematische Vorderansicht eines erfindungsgemäß ausgebildeten Palettengreifers und
  • Fig. 2 ein schematisches hydraulisches Schaltbild zur hydraulischen Betätigungsvorrichtung des Palettengreifers- der Fig. 1.
Show in the drawing
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a pallet gripper designed according to the invention and
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic hydraulic circuit diagram for the hydraulic actuating device of the pallet gripper - FIG. 1.

Bei dem als Beispiel eines Kranladegeschirrs in der Fig. 1 gezeigten Palettengreifer handelt es sich um eine Greiferausbildung, wie sie beispielsweise das Gebrauchsmuster G 8 305 175.9 des Anmelders zeigt.In the example of a crane loading gear in Fig. 1 shown Palettengre i fer is a Gripper formation, such as, for example, the utility model G 8305 175.9 shows the Applicant.

Vom dargestellten Palettengreifer 10 ist lediglich der obere Teil der Greiferarme und der Greiferkopf 11 dargestellt. Für die vorliegende Erfindung ist die Kinematik der Greiferarmbewefindung ist die Kinematik der Greiferarmbewegung ohne Bedeutung. Es sei lediglich hier vorausgesetzt, daß der in Fig. 1 schematisch dargestellte hydraulische Arbeitszylinder 31 In der Lage sein soll, die Greiferarme aufeinander zu und voneinander fort zu bewegen.Of the pallet gripper 10 shown, only the upper part of the gripper arms and the gripper head 11 are shown. The kinematics of the gripper arm movement is for the present invention The kinematics of the gripper arm movement are of no importance. It should only be assumed here that the hydraulic working cylinder 31 shown schematically in FIG. 1 should be able to move the gripper arms towards and away from each other.

Der Kernpunkt der vorliegenden Erfindung ist der eigentliche Öldruckerzeuger, der sich Im Kopfteil 11 des Palettengreifers 10 befindet. Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, befindet sich die Kranhakenöse 12 an einer oberen Tragplatte 13, die über Führungsbolzen 15 mit einer unteren Tragplatte 17 verbunden ist. In vertikaler Richtung verschiebbar befindet sich zwischen oberer Tragplatte 13 und unterer Tragplatte 17 eine Greiferkopfplatte 14, die über ein Gestänge 18 mit der eigentlichen Greiferanordnung verbunden ist. Die Greiferkopfplatte 14 ist auf den Führungsbolzen 15 in vertikaler Richtung verschiebbar gelagert und stützt sich auf die Bolzen 15 umgebenden Rückstellfedern 16 ab. Es ist verständlich, daß beim Anheben des Palettengreifers, d.h. wenn sich die Kranhakenöse 12 in die mit 12' bezeichnete Stellung bewegt, sich die Greiferkopfplatte 14 von der oberen Tragplatte 13 entfernt und sich der unteren Tragplatte 17 nähert.The essence of the present invention is the actual oil pressure generator, which is located in the head part 11 of the pallet gripper 10. As shown in FIG. 1, the crane hook eye 12 is located on an upper support plate 13, which is connected to a lower support plate 17 via guide bolts 15. A gripper head plate 14, which is connected to the actual gripper arrangement via a linkage 18, is located between the upper support plate 13 and the lower support plate 17 and can be moved in the vertical direction. The gripper head plate 14 is mounted on the guide pin 15 so as to be displaceable in the vertical direction and is supported on the return springs 16 surrounding the pin 15. It is understandable that when lifting the pallet gripper, i.e. when the crane hook eye 12 moves into the position denoted by 12 ', the gripper head plate 14 moves away from the upper support plate 13 and approaches the lower support plate 17.

Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung ist zwischen der Greiferkopfplatte 14 und der unteren Tragplatte 17 eine Kolbenzylinderanordnung ausgebildet. Die Tragplatte 17 trägt die Kolbenstange 29 eines Hydraulikzylinders 21, der an der Unterseite der beweglichen Greiferkopfplatte 14 befestigt ist. Dieser Hydraulikzylinder 21 ist der eigentliche Öldruckerzeuger; er ist zusammen mit einem Öldruckspeicher 23 und einem Druckölsammelbehälter 22, einem Überdrucksicherheitsventil 24 und einem Entleerungsventil 25 unterhalb einer den Kopfteil 11 des Palettengreifers abdeckenden Haube 50 angeordnet.According to the present invention, a piston-cylinder arrangement is formed between the gripper head plate 14 and the lower support plate 17. The support plate 17 carries the piston rod 29 of a hydraulic cylinder 21 which is attached to the underside of the movable gripper head plate 14. This hydraulic cylinder 21 is the actual oil pressure generator; it is arranged together with an oil pressure accumulator 23 and a pressure oil collecting container 22, an overpressure safety valve 24 and an emptying valve 25 below a hood 50 covering the head part 11 of the pallet gripper.

Von dem vorstehend vom mechanischen Aufbau her geschilderten Öldruckerzeuger führen eine DruckmIttelspeiseleitung 35 und eine Druckmlttelrückflußleitung 36 nach unten zu einem von der Bedienungsperson zu betätigenden Steuerventil 34, welches wahlweise die erwähnten Leitungen 35 und 36 mit den Motoranschlußleitungen 32, 33 des Arbeitszylinders 31 verbindet. Die hydraulische Arbeitsweise wird nachfolgend anhand der Fig. 2 beschrieben: Bei jedem Hubvorgang, d.h. jedesmal wenn die Kranhakenöse 12 in die Position 12' kommt, bewegt sich die Kolbenstange 29 und mit ihr der Kolben im Zylinder 21 nach oben. Das kolbenstangenseitig verdrängte Drucköl gelangt über das Rückschlagventil 28 in den Öldruckspeicher 23. Der zylinderkopfseitige Raum des Zylinders 21 steht über das Filter 26 ständig mit dem Druckölsanmmelbehälter 22 in Verbindung, so daß nach Bedarf ÖI angesaugt und abgegeben werden kann. Wenn anschließen der Kolben mit der Kolbenstange 29 wieder - beispielsweise beim Absetzen der Last - nach unten bewegt wird, füllt sich der kolbenstangenseitige Raum des Zylinders 21 über das Rückschlagventil 27 aus dem Sammelbehälter 22 auf, so daß beim nächsten Hub erneut über das Rückschlagventil 28 der Öldruckspeicher 23 aufgeladen werden kann.From the oil pressure generator described above from the mechanical construction, a pressure medium feed line 35 and a pressure medium return line 36 lead downward to a control valve 34 to be operated by the operator, which selectively connects the lines 35 and 36 mentioned to the motor connection lines 32, 33 of the working cylinder 31. The hydraulic mode of operation is described below with reference to FIG. 2: With each lifting operation, i.e. each time the crane hook eye 12 comes into position 12 ', the piston rod 29 moves and with it the piston in the cylinder 21 upwards. The pressure oil displaced on the piston rod side reaches the oil pressure accumulator 23 via the check valve 28. The space on the cylinder head side of the cylinder 21 is in constant communication with the pressure oil collecting container 22 via the filter 26, so that oil can be drawn in and discharged as required. If the piston with the piston rod 29 is then moved again downward, for example when the load is set down, the piston rod-side space of the cylinder 21 fills up from the collecting container 22 via the check valve 27, so that the check valve 28 again during the next stroke Oil pressure accumulator 23 can be charged.

Der Öldruckspeicher 23 steht über die Speiseleitung 35 mit dem Steuerventil 34, beispielsweise einem Steuerschieber in Verbindung. In entsprechender Weise ist der Steuerschieber 34 auch über eine Leitung 36 und das Filter 26 mit dem Sammelbehälter 22 verbunden, so daß auch Drucköl wieder abgegeben werden. Vom Steuerschieber 34 führen zwei Motorspeiseleitungen 32 und 33 zu den beiden Zylinderräumen des Arbeitszylinders 31, so daß die Kolbenstange 30 zu entsprechend gewünschter Betätigung aus-und eingefahren werden kann. Wenn man den in Fig. 2 schematisch dargestellten Bandhebel 41 bewegt, kann man ausgehend von der gesperrten Neutral-Stellung die Leitung 32 unter Druck setzen und die Leitung 33 mit dem Sammelbehälter verbinden oder auch umgekehrt je nach gewünschter Betätigungsrichtung. Eine übliche Zentrierfeder 42 kann dafür sorgen, daß der Steuerschieber 34 im unbetätigten Zustand in der absperrenden Neutral-Stellung verbleibt.The oil pressure accumulator 23 is connected to the control valve 34, for example a control slide, via the feed line 35. In a corresponding manner, the control slide 34 is also connected to the collecting container 22 via a line 36 and the filter 26, so that pressure oil is also released again. From the spool 34, two motor feed lines 32 and 33 lead to the two cylinder spaces of the working cylinder 31, so that the piston rod 30 can be extended and retracted for the desired actuation. If the band lever 41 shown schematically in FIG. 2 is moved, starting from the locked neutral position, the line 32 can be pressurized and the line 33 connected to the collecting container or vice versa, depending on the desired direction of actuation. A conventional centering spring 42 can ensure that the control slide 34 remains in the non-actuated state in the blocking neutral position.

Um zu verhindern, daß der Arbeitszylinder 31 in ungewollter Weise schlagartig unter Druck gesetzt wird, ist in der Speiseleitung 35 vorzugsweise eine manuell verstellbare Drossel 44 vorgesehen, die auch in an sich bekannter Weise von einem Rückschlagventil überbrückt sein kann, so daß die Drossel 44 nur in der einen Betätigungsrichtung wirkt.In order to prevent the working cylinder 31 from being suddenly pressurized in an undesired manner, a manually adjustable throttle 44 is preferably provided in the feed line 35, which can also be bridged by a check valve in a manner known per se, so that the throttle 44 only acts in one direction of actuation.

Zwischen der Speiseleitung 35 und der zum Sammelbehälter 22 führenden Rückflußleitung 36 befindet sich ein manuell bedienbares Entleerungsventil 25. Wenn man den Handhebel 43 bewegt, kann das gesamte im Öldruckspeicher 23 vorhandene Drucköl zum Sammelbehälter 22 abfließen.A manually operated drain valve 25 is located between the feed line 35 and the return line 36 leading to the collecting container 22. When the hand lever 43 is moved, all of the pressure oil present in the oil pressure accumulator 23 can flow off to the collecting container 22.

Parallel zum vorerwähnten Entleerungsyentil 25 befindet sich schließlich auch noch ein Überdruck-Sicherheitsventil 24, das z. B. bei einem Druck 150 bar öffnet. So kann es auch bei häufigen Auf- und Abbewegungen des Ladegeschirrs und fehlender Betätigung des Arbeitszylinders nicht zu einer hydraulischen Überlastung der Anlage kommen.In parallel with the aforementioned drain valve 25 there is also an overpressure safety valve 24 which, for. B. opens at a pressure of 150 bar. This means that the system cannot be hydraulically overloaded even with frequent up and down movements of the loading gear and inadequate actuation of the working cylinder.

Die Erfindung ist nicht auf die vorstehend beschriebene Ausführungsform beschränkt, da die Erfindung außer für Palettengreifer auch für alle anderen Arten von Hebezeugen verwendbar ist, die zusätzlich noch eine mit hydraulischer Hilfskraft zu betreibende Betätgigungsvorrichtung aufweisen, die ohne störende Zuleitungen mit Drucköl zu versorgen ist.The invention is not limited to the embodiment described above, since the invention can also be used for all other types of hoists, in addition to pallet grippers, which additionally have an actuating device which can be operated with hydraulic power and which is to be supplied with pressure oil without interfering supply lines.

Der linear arbeitende Arbeitszylinder 31 ist ebenfalls als Beispiel zu werten, denn mit der hydraulischen Hilfskraft können auch andere Arten von Hydraulikmotoren betätigt werden, wenn es sich beispielsweise um die Auslösung von Drehbewegungen handelt. Je nach Anwendung Ist es auch möglich, mehr als einen Arbeitszylinder vorzusehen.The linear working cylinder 31 is also to be regarded as an example, since other types of hydraulic motors can also be actuated with the hydraulic auxiliary force, for example when the rotary movements are triggered. Depending on the application, it is also possible to provide more than one working cylinder.

Claims (4)

1. Crane loading gear with manually operable actuating device provided with at least one hydraulic working cylinder (31), wherein a loading gear head (11) which is adapted to be coupled to a load hook of a crane part has two component parts (13, 14) adapted to move through a limited travel In respect of each other in a vertical direction and wherein there is connected to the relatively mowable component parts (13, 14) an oil pressure cylinder (21) which is provided with a storage means (23) and which can be driven by the lifting movements of the crane, the oil pressure cylinder (21) being connected via manually operable control valves (34) to the hydraulic working cylinders (31), characterised in that the oil pressure adequate for an initial actuation of the crane loading gear when work commences can be generated by a minimal number of crane lifting movements and in that the two component parts of the loading gear head (11) which are adapted for movement in respect of each other comprise a carrying plate (13) and a gripper head plate (14), the carrying plate (13) and the gripper head plate (14) being initially tensioned in the contraction direction by springs (16) which enclose guide bolts (15) and in that between the oil pressure storage means (23) and a pressurised oil storage container (22) there is a manually operable emptying valve (25).
2. Crane loading gear according to claim 1, characterised in that for charging the oil pressure storage means (23) there is a pump cylinder (21) connected via non-return valves (27, 28) on the one hand to an oil storage container (22) and on the other to the oil pressure storage means (23), the pump cylinder (21) being disposed between the two relatively mowable component parts (13, 14) of the loading gear (10).
3. Crane loading gear according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that a pressure-relief valve (24) is disposed between the oil pressure storage means (23) and the pressurised oil storage container (22).
4. Crane loading gear according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that a regulable choke (44) is disposed in the feed line (35) between oil pressure storage means (23) and working cylinder control valve (34).
EP85100991A 1984-02-10 1985-01-31 Loading device for a crane Expired - Lifetime EP0154159B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85100991T ATE51204T1 (en) 1984-02-10 1985-01-31 CRANE LOADS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843404740 DE3404740A1 (en) 1984-02-10 1984-02-10 CRANE LOADING HARNESS
DE3404740 1984-02-10

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EP0154159A1 EP0154159A1 (en) 1985-09-11
EP0154159B1 true EP0154159B1 (en) 1990-03-21

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EP85100991A Expired - Lifetime EP0154159B1 (en) 1984-02-10 1985-01-31 Loading device for a crane

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EP (1) EP0154159B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE51204T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3404740A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4120888A1 (en) * 1991-06-25 1993-01-07 Gks Sicherheitstech Gmbh GRIPPERS
DE202004009226U1 (en) * 2004-06-14 2005-11-03 Eberhard, Manfred M. Coil tongs for use in lifting tool, has hydraulic main cylinder connected with operating cylinder which is provided for outer and inner clamping jaws, where operating cylinder is pressurized to clamp coil
AT11638U3 (en) * 2010-09-06 2011-09-15 Profipack Gmbh SELF-CHARGING, FORCE AND WASTE-FIXABLE, HYDRAULIC CLAMPING DEVICE
CN104150348B (en) * 2014-07-24 2016-06-22 江苏福泰电力设备有限公司 A kind of hydraulic constant-force suspension bracket

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1873712A (en) * 1928-01-05 1932-08-23 Lemaire Maurice Henri Lifting apparatus
US2616683A (en) * 1947-03-17 1952-11-04 Griffiths & Sprague Stevedorin Mechanism for weighing bulk cargo
DE1269316B (en) * 1964-10-07 1968-05-30 Kloeckner Werke Ag Intermediate link for crane hangers or the like.

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3310335A (en) * 1965-10-13 1967-03-21 Neil E Shuey Load lifting mechanism
NL132031C (en) * 1966-05-14
FR1545007A (en) * 1966-11-19 1968-11-08 Loading device with automatic adjustment of the alignment of the center of gravity and the point of suspension
BE716921A (en) * 1968-06-20 1968-12-02
DE2217265A1 (en) * 1972-04-11 1973-10-31 Huet Aloysius T Van LOADING FORK
DE2423339A1 (en) * 1974-05-14 1975-11-27 Huet Aloysius T Van Lift truck loading fork - interchangeable prongs on common mounting and clamping members coupled to central actuator
NL8300017A (en) * 1983-01-04 1984-08-01 Kooi Selectie Beheer Bv DEVICE FOR MOVING A STACK OF OBJECTS SUCH AS BOXES OR BALES.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1873712A (en) * 1928-01-05 1932-08-23 Lemaire Maurice Henri Lifting apparatus
US2616683A (en) * 1947-03-17 1952-11-04 Griffiths & Sprague Stevedorin Mechanism for weighing bulk cargo
DE1269316B (en) * 1964-10-07 1968-05-30 Kloeckner Werke Ag Intermediate link for crane hangers or the like.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3576677D1 (en) 1990-04-26
DE3404740A1 (en) 1985-08-14
ATE51204T1 (en) 1990-04-15
EP0154159A1 (en) 1985-09-11

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