EP0029783A1 - Device for recovering calorific values in chimneys of open fires - Google Patents
Device for recovering calorific values in chimneys of open fires Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0029783A1 EP0029783A1 EP80401668A EP80401668A EP0029783A1 EP 0029783 A1 EP0029783 A1 EP 0029783A1 EP 80401668 A EP80401668 A EP 80401668A EP 80401668 A EP80401668 A EP 80401668A EP 0029783 A1 EP0029783 A1 EP 0029783A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pipes
- enclosure
- air
- hearth
- tubes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
- F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
- F24B1/18—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces
- F24B1/185—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion
- F24B1/188—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas
- F24B1/1885—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas the heat exchange medium being air only
- F24B1/1886—Stoves with open fires, e.g. fireplaces with air-handling means, heat exchange means, or additional provisions for convection heating ; Controlling combustion characterised by use of heat exchange means , e.g. using a particular heat exchange medium, e.g. oil, gas the heat exchange medium being air only the heat exchanger comprising only tubular air ducts within the fire
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hot air heating device associated with an open hearth fireplace.
- Heat recovery devices in open fireplaces for heating water or air are already known.
- air heating devices mention may be made of those which are described in the French patents published under No: 2 270 527, 2 273 238 and 2 341 821.
- These devices all consist of an enclosure which surrounds the hearth and in which the air to be heated circulates, the wall of the enclosure adjacent to the hearth being heated by flames and smoke and serving to heat the air circulating in the enclosure.
- the temperature of the flames decreases very rapidly as it moves away from the surface of the fuel and that the temperature of the smoke also decreases rapidly by mixing with the excess air passing through the chimney without participating in the combustion.
- the top of the bottom plate of a chimney does not heat the air beyond about 60 °.
- An object of the present invention to provide a device for obtaining at the outlet of hot air significantly higher temperatures.
- a device comprising an enclosure optionally having a face serving as a hearth plate and a vertical face serving as a bottom plate, through which air to be heated circulates, again with inside the enclosure, a plurality of pipes with a generally vertical orientation and continuously rising, said pipes emerging, at the bottom, through the bottom plate at the level of the wood and / or burning embers and, at the top, in the smoke duct, the top of said enclosure allowing the volume of the hearth to communicate directly with the smoke duct, said pipes having a relatively small section for sucking in combustible combustible gases emitted by wood or embers, to the exclusion practically air not participating in combustion.
- the lower outlets of the pipes are distributed in height and concealment means are provided to selectively close, according to their levels, the outlets of certain pipes on demand.
- the open fireplace in FIG. 1 conventionally comprises a hearth plate 1 on which rest the andirons 2 supporting flaming logs 3, a backfire 4, legs 5, a lintel 6, a hood 7 and a smoke duct 8.
- the counter-fire 4 is, in fact, the front wall of an enclosure 9 which has the shape of a box of vertical section in the shape of an L, the base of the L extending under at least part of the hearth plate 1 and the leg of the L rising to the hood 7.
- the enclosure 9 has, at the bottom, an air intake 10 allowing fresh air to enter, taken outside or in the room containing the chimney and , at the top, air outlets 11 delivering the heated air either in the same room, for example through the hood, or in another room.
- the upper plate 12 of the enclosure 9 is pierced with two openings 11 to which sleeves are connected 13 opening onto the sides of the hood 7.
- pipes 14 the general orientation of which is vertical, the lower ends of which are welded at the bottom of the back-up plate 45 and the upper ends of which are welded to the plate 12.
- the plates 4 and 12 are drilled opposite the pipes 14.
- the pipes have a diameter of the order of 3 cm, for example.
- the pipes 14 form sorts of diversions with a small section relative to the main focus. It follows first of all that the combustible gases, on fire, emitted by the wood, can also rise by burning in the pipes 14. This is what actually happens as shown by the flames 15 rushing into the openings at the base of the plate 4. As the quantity of air admitted into each pipe 14 is limited by the narrow section of the pipe, the hot gases rising in each pipe are not stirred with an excess of cold air not participating on combustion. So the temperature in the pipes 14 is, for the same altitude, higher than on the plate 4. Of course, the plate 4 transfers heat from the hearth to the interior of the enclosure 9, as in the known devices.
- the ratio of the surface area of a pipe to its volume is maximum so that the transfer of heat takes place towards the air which passes through the enclosure 9, with a much better efficiency than in a device not comprising as transfer surface as the plate 4 and the part located under the hearth plate.
- pipe inlets 14 are provided at different heights and, as shown in FIG. 4, sliding closure plates 16, pierced with openings 17 suitably arranged, making it possible to select the pipes 14 to be opened. These means allow, depending on the height of the pile of logs in flame, to obtain the best yield.
- the section of the enclosure can be relatively flat, while making it possible to obtain a sufficient flow of hot air.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un dispositif de chauffage à air chaud associé à une cheminée à foyer ouvert.The present invention relates to a hot air heating device associated with an open hearth fireplace.
Des dispositifs de récupération de calories dans les cheminées à foyer ouvert pour chauffer de l'eau ou de l'air sont déjà connus. A titre d'exemples, parmi les dispositifs connus de chauffage d'air, on peut citer ceux qui sont décrits dans les brevets français publiés sous les N°: 2 270 527, 2 273 238 et 2 341 821. Ces dispositifs se composent tous d'une enceinte qui entoure le foyer et dans laquelle l'air à chauffer circule, la paroi de l'enceinte adjacente au foyer étant chauffée par les flammes et la fumée et servant à chauffer l'air circulant dans l'enceinte. Or il est connu que la température des flammes décroît très rapidement en s'éloignant de la surface du combustible et que la température de la fumée décroît également rapidement en se mélangeant avec l'air en excès passant dans la cheminée sans participer à la combustion. En particulier, le haut de la plaque de fond d'une cheminée ne permet pas de réchauffer l'air au-delà de 60° environ.Heat recovery devices in open fireplaces for heating water or air are already known. By way of examples, among the known air heating devices, mention may be made of those which are described in the French patents published under No: 2 270 527, 2 273 238 and 2 341 821. These devices all consist of an enclosure which surrounds the hearth and in which the air to be heated circulates, the wall of the enclosure adjacent to the hearth being heated by flames and smoke and serving to heat the air circulating in the enclosure. However, it is known that the temperature of the flames decreases very rapidly as it moves away from the surface of the fuel and that the temperature of the smoke also decreases rapidly by mixing with the excess air passing through the chimney without participating in the combustion. In particular, the top of the bottom plate of a chimney does not heat the air beyond about 60 °.
Un objet de la présente invention consiste à prévoir un dispositif permettant d'obtenir à la sortie d'air chaud des températures nettement plus élevées.An object of the present invention to provide a device for obtaining at the outlet of hot air significantly higher temperatures.
Suivant une caractéristique de l'invention, il est prévu un dispositif comprenant une enceinte ayant éventuellement une face servant de plaque foyère et une face verticale servant,de plaque de fond, à travers laquelle circule de l'air à réchauffer, avec encore, à l'intérieur de l'enceinte, une pluralité de tuyaux à orientation généralement verticale et continûment montante, lesdits tuyaux débouchant, en bas, à travers la plaque de fond au niveau du bois et/ou des braises enflammés et, en haut, dans le conduit de fumée, le haut de ladite enceinte laissant le volume du foyer communiquer directement avec le conduit de fumée, lesdits tuyaux ayant une section relativement faible pour aspirer les gaz combustibles en feu émis par le bois ou les braises, à l'exclusion pratiquement d'air ne participant pas à la combustion.According to a characteristic of the invention, a device is provided comprising an enclosure optionally having a face serving as a hearth plate and a vertical face serving as a bottom plate, through which air to be heated circulates, again with inside the enclosure, a plurality of pipes with a generally vertical orientation and continuously rising, said pipes emerging, at the bottom, through the bottom plate at the level of the wood and / or burning embers and, at the top, in the smoke duct, the top of said enclosure allowing the volume of the hearth to communicate directly with the smoke duct, said pipes having a relatively small section for sucking in combustible combustible gases emitted by wood or embers, to the exclusion practically air not participating in combustion.
Suivant une autre caractéristique, les départs inférieurs des tuyaux sont répartis en hauteur et des moyens d'occultation sont prévus pour fermer sélectivement, suivant leurs niveaux, les départs de certains tuyaux à la demande.According to another characteristic, the lower outlets of the pipes are distributed in height and concealment means are provided to selectively close, according to their levels, the outlets of certain pipes on demand.
Les caractéristiques de l'invention mentionnées ci-dessus, ainsi que d'autres, apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description d'un exemple de réalisation, ladite description étant faite en relation avec les dessins joints, parmi lesquels:
- la Fig. 1 est une vue en coupe d'une cheminée à foyer ouvert équipée d'un dispositif de chauffage d'air suivant l'invention,
- la Fig. 2.est une vue de face de la cheminée de la Fig. 1,
- la Fig. 3 est une vue en coupe du dispositif de chauffage suivant la ligne III-III, et
- la Fig. 4 est une vue de face d'un dispositif de sélection de tuyaux à ouvrir.
- Fig. 1 is a sectional view of an open hearth fireplace equipped with an air heating device according to the invention,
- Fig. 2.is a front view of the chimney of FIG. 1,
- Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the heating device along line III-III, and
- Fig. 4 is a front view of a device for selecting pipes to be opened.
La cheminée à foyer ouvert de la Fig. 1 comprend classiquement une plaque foyère 1 sur laquelle reposent des chenets 2 supportant des bûches enflammées 3, un contre-feu 4, des jambages 5, un linteau 6, une hotte 7 et un conduit de fumée 8.The open fireplace in FIG. 1 conventionally comprises a hearth plate 1 on which rest the andirons 2 supporting flaming
Le contre-feu 4 est, en fait, la paroi avant d'une enceinte 9 qui a la forme d'un caisson à section verticale en forme de L, la base du L s'étendant sous au moins une partie de la plaque foyère 1 et la jambe du L montant jusqu'à la hotte 7. L'enceinte 9 comporte, en bas, une prise d'air 10 laissant entrer de l'air frais, pris à l'extérieur ou dans la pièce contenant la cheminée et, en haut, des sorties d'air 11 délivrant l'air chauffé soit dans la même pièce, par exemple à travers la hotte, soit dans une autre pièce. A cet effet, dans l'exemple décrit, la plaque supérieure 12 de l'enceinte 9 est percée de deux ouvertures 11 auxquelles sont raccordées des manches 13 débouchant sur les côtés de la hotte 7.The
Par ailleurs, dans la jambe du L de l'enceinte 9, sont prévus des tuyaux 14, dont l'orientation générale est verticale, dont les extrémités inférieures sont soudées en bas de la plaque contre-feu 4 5et dont les extrémités supérieures sont soudées à la plaque 12. Les plaques 4 et 12 sont percées en face des tuyaux 14. Les tuyaux ont un diamètre de l'ordre de 3 cm, par exemple.Furthermore, in the leg of the L of the
Les tuyaux 14 forment des sortes de dérivations à section faible par rapport au foyer principal. Il en résulte tout d'abord que les gaz combustibles, en feu, émis par le bois, peuvent également monter en brûlant dans les tuyaux 14. C'est ce qui se passe en réalité comme le montre les flammes 15 s'engouffrant dans les ouvertures à la base de la plaque 4. Comme la quantité d'air admise dans chaque tuyau 14 est limitée par la section étroite du tuyau, les gaz chauds montant dans chaque tuyau ne sont pas brassés avec un excès d'air froid ne participant pas à la combustion. Donc la température dans les tuyaux 14 est, pour la même altitude, plus forte que sur la plaque 4. Bien entendu, la plaque 4 transfert de la chaleur du foyer vers l'intérieur de l'enceinte 9, comme dans les dispositifs connus.The pipes 14 form sorts of diversions with a small section relative to the main focus. It follows first of all that the combustible gases, on fire, emitted by the wood, can also rise by burning in the pipes 14. This is what actually happens as shown by the flames 15 rushing into the openings at the base of the
Par ailleurs, le rapport de la surface d'un tuyau à son volume est maximal si bien que le transfert de la chaleur se fait vers l'air qui passe dans l'enceinte 9, avec une nettement meilleure efficacité que dans un dispositif ne comportant comme surface de transfert que la plaque 4 et la partie se trouvant sous la plaque foyère.Furthermore, the ratio of the surface area of a pipe to its volume is maximum so that the transfer of heat takes place towards the air which passes through the
L'expérience prouve que, parmi les tuyaux 14, ceux qui conduisent le mieux les flammes, sont ceux dont l'entrée se trouvent au niveau de la naissance des flammes du foyer. C'est pourquoi, comme le montre la Fig. 2, on prévoit des entrées de tuyaux 14 à des hauteurs différentes et, comme le montre la Fig. 4, des plaques de fermeture coulissante 16, percées d'ouvertures 17 convenablement disposées, permettant de sélectionner les tuyaux 14 à ouvrir. Ces moyens permettent en fonction de la hauteur du tas de bûches en flamme d'obtenir le meilleur rendement.Experience shows that, among the pipes 14, those which best conduct the flames, are those whose entry is at the level of the birth of the flames of the hearth. Therefore, as shown in Fig. 2, pipe inlets 14 are provided at different heights and, as shown in FIG. 4, sliding
La section de l'enceinte peut être relativement plate, tout en permettant d'obtenir un débit d'air chaud suffisant.The section of the enclosure can be relatively flat, while making it possible to obtain a sufficient flow of hot air.
Dans sa partie supérieure, on peut prévoir, comme à la Fig. 1, pour l'enceinte 9, un retour vers le linteau 6 de manière à créer un étranglement qui améliore le tirage de la cheminée.In its upper part, one can provide, as in FIG. 1, for
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT80401668T ATE12306T1 (en) | 1979-11-27 | 1980-11-20 | HEAT RECOVERY DEVICE FOR OPEN FIREPLACES. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR7929619A FR2472721A1 (en) | 1979-11-27 | 1979-11-27 | CALORIE RECOVERY DEVICE IN OPEN HOUSE FIREPLACES |
FR7929619 | 1979-11-27 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0029783A1 true EP0029783A1 (en) | 1981-06-03 |
EP0029783B1 EP0029783B1 (en) | 1985-03-20 |
Family
ID=9232307
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP80401668A Expired EP0029783B1 (en) | 1979-11-27 | 1980-11-20 | Device for recovering calorific values in chimneys of open fires |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0029783B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE12306T1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3070342D1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2472721A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0067383A1 (en) * | 1981-06-15 | 1982-12-22 | Hans Aeberhard | Fireplace with an opening to a furnace |
GB2213577A (en) * | 1987-12-11 | 1989-08-16 | Beaumont John L Ltd | Convection space heating arrangement for a flame effect gas fire |
FR2660052A1 (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1991-09-27 | David Jean Pierre | PULSE AIR CHIMNEY BOILER AND THREE - WAY DRAWING USING A PARABOLIC FIREPLACE ROOM. |
FR3012576A1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-01 | Jean-Michel Delage | BOILER-TYPE HEATING DEVICE AND METHOD OF OPERATION |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2510725A1 (en) * | 1981-02-26 | 1983-02-04 | Vergnes Jacques | Heat recuperator for fireplace - has vertical smoke tube heat exchanger and water tube fire-bars |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB116367A (en) * | 1917-06-14 | 1918-06-13 | William Wallace Wiltshire | Improvements in Domestic Fire Attachments for Heating Air. |
US2143772A (en) * | 1938-05-17 | 1939-01-10 | Hannula Gust | Heating unit for fireplaces |
GB732992A (en) * | 1952-10-17 | 1955-07-06 | Frantisek Hlavka | Improved heating stove |
US2832332A (en) * | 1953-12-22 | 1958-04-29 | Hugo C Johnson | Combination fireplace and furnace |
FR2294403A1 (en) * | 1974-12-12 | 1976-07-09 | Lambert Jean | Multiple heat exchanger appts. for wood fire - has ducts between hearth and hood with underfloor entry and discharge |
FR2327492A2 (en) * | 1975-10-07 | 1977-05-06 | Julie Clement | Solid fuel open fire - has insert in chimney to provide additional convective heating of room air by natural convection |
-
1979
- 1979-11-27 FR FR7929619A patent/FR2472721A1/en active Granted
-
1980
- 1980-11-20 EP EP80401668A patent/EP0029783B1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-11-20 DE DE8080401668T patent/DE3070342D1/en not_active Expired
- 1980-11-20 AT AT80401668T patent/ATE12306T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB116367A (en) * | 1917-06-14 | 1918-06-13 | William Wallace Wiltshire | Improvements in Domestic Fire Attachments for Heating Air. |
US2143772A (en) * | 1938-05-17 | 1939-01-10 | Hannula Gust | Heating unit for fireplaces |
GB732992A (en) * | 1952-10-17 | 1955-07-06 | Frantisek Hlavka | Improved heating stove |
US2832332A (en) * | 1953-12-22 | 1958-04-29 | Hugo C Johnson | Combination fireplace and furnace |
FR2294403A1 (en) * | 1974-12-12 | 1976-07-09 | Lambert Jean | Multiple heat exchanger appts. for wood fire - has ducts between hearth and hood with underfloor entry and discharge |
FR2327492A2 (en) * | 1975-10-07 | 1977-05-06 | Julie Clement | Solid fuel open fire - has insert in chimney to provide additional convective heating of room air by natural convection |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0067383A1 (en) * | 1981-06-15 | 1982-12-22 | Hans Aeberhard | Fireplace with an opening to a furnace |
GB2213577A (en) * | 1987-12-11 | 1989-08-16 | Beaumont John L Ltd | Convection space heating arrangement for a flame effect gas fire |
FR2660052A1 (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1991-09-27 | David Jean Pierre | PULSE AIR CHIMNEY BOILER AND THREE - WAY DRAWING USING A PARABOLIC FIREPLACE ROOM. |
WO1991014902A1 (en) * | 1990-03-22 | 1991-10-03 | David Jean Pierre | Tridirectional-draught air or water back boiler using a parabolic backplate |
FR3012576A1 (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2015-05-01 | Jean-Michel Delage | BOILER-TYPE HEATING DEVICE AND METHOD OF OPERATION |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0029783B1 (en) | 1985-03-20 |
ATE12306T1 (en) | 1985-04-15 |
FR2472721A1 (en) | 1981-07-03 |
DE3070342D1 (en) | 1985-04-25 |
FR2472721B1 (en) | 1984-06-22 |
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