EP0093738A1

EP0093738A1 - A canopy.

Info

Publication number: EP0093738A1
Application number: EP82903293A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Stuart Robert Cannon
Original assignee: S&M Cannon Pty Ltd
Current assignee: S&M Cannon Pty Ltd
Priority date: 1981-11-13
Filing date: 1982-11-12
Publication date: 1983-11-16
Also published as: DE3278476D1; WO1983001801A1; EP0093738A4; EP0093738B1; NZ202507A

Abstract

Procédé d'érection d'un dais composé de panneaux de tissu élastique possédant des tendons inélastiques ou faiblement élastiques le long des bords de chaque pièce. Les coins diagonalement opposés des panneaux sont fixés à des montants de support disposés de manière à former un réseau prédéterminé et les coins restant sont réunis au coin correspondant dans les panneaux adjacents pour mettre sous tension les tendons et le tissu élastique. Les tendons sont fixés de préférence au tissu élastique selon une courbe qui est concave par rapport au bord du panneau adjacent et qui présente de préférence une forme de cloche.A method of erecting a canopy composed of panels of elastic fabric having inelastic or weakly elastic tendons along the edges of each piece. The diagonally opposite corners of the panels are fixed to support posts arranged so as to form a predetermined network and the remaining corners are joined to the corresponding corner in the adjacent panels to tension the tendons and the elastic tissue. The tendons are preferably attached to the elastic tissue in a curve which is concave with the edge of the adjacent panel and which preferably has a bell shape.

Description

TITLE: A CANOPY

This invention relates to a canopy and has been devised particularly though not solely as a shade canopy.

It is necessary in many applications to provide an overhead canopy for shelter or shade and particularly in agricultural situations to provide shade for plants. Many other applications also require the provision of overhead canopies to protect or shade articles which are placed outside to prevent, degradation from ultra- violet light. In the past shade canopies have been provided, using various types of structures to support either opaque awnings or shade cloths using a rigid frame structure or a large number of upright poles or posts to support the cloth. It is a disadvantage of such systems that the poles or posts must be closely spaced in order to prevent excessive sagging of the canopy fabric which is difficult from the point of view of cultivation or the placing of large objects beneath the canopy. It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a canopy which will obviate or minimize the foregoing disadvantages in a simple yet effective manner or which will at least provide the public with a useful choice. Accordingly in one aspect the invention consists in a method of erecting a canopy comprising the steps of erecting a plurality of posts in a predetermined ..- array, providing a plurality of panels of canopy fabric of stretch material having inelastic or low stretch tendons fastened thereto at or adjacent the panel edges, fastening diagonally opposite corners of each said panel to selected ones of said posts and drawing together the remaining corners of adjacent panels so as to tension said tendons and hence tension said stretch fabric.

Preferably said tendons are fastened to said fabric continuously along the length of each tendon. Preferably said panel edges are substantially straight and the tendons are fastened thereto in a-curve having each end thereof at adjacent corners of the panel and extending inwardly into the panel at the mid.-portion of the panel edge.

Preferably said curve is a bell shaped curve being convex with respect, to the panel edge adjacent the corners of the panel and concave with respect to the panel edge adjacent the mid portion of the panel edge.

Preferably said.panels are rectangular and said posts are arranged in a rectangular array. Preferably five said posts are provided in said rectangular array, therebeing.one said post at each corner and one post in the middle, and..wherein four said panels are provided, each panel being fastened first to the centre post.and one corner post and then having the other two diagonally opposite corners drawn together with the adjacent corners of the adjacent panels at the mid-points of the sides of the rectangular array.

Preferably said fabric comprises a stretch knit fabric and said tendons comprise rope or webbing.

Preferably said fabric comprises knitted shade cloth and said tendons comprise webbing of the type commonly used for automotive seat belts.

Preferably said webbing is sewn to said fabric along the entire length of the webbing.

In a further aspect the invention consists in a canopy comprising an array of posts .and a plurality of panels stretched therebetween at the desired height, each said panel being formed from stretch fabric material having inelastic or low stretch tendons fastened thereto at or adjacent the panel edges in a curve extending inwardly between the panel corners so that when the tendons are tensioned between the posts the curved tendons at least partially straighten drawing fabric from the middle area of the panel and tensioning the panel.

Preferably said curve is a bell shaped curve being convex with respect to the panel edge adjacent the corners of the panel and concave with respect to the panel edge adjacent the mid-portion of the panel edge.

Preferably said fabric comprises a stretch knit fabric and said tendons comprise rope or webbing. Preferably said .fabric comprises knitted shade cloth and said tendons comprise webbing of the type commonly used for automotive seat belts.

Preferably said webbingis sewn to said ^'fabric along the entire length of the webbing.^'

In a still further aspect the invention consists in a rectangular canopy panel of stretch fabric having inelastic or low stretch tendons fastened thereto at or adjacent the panel edges in a curve extending inwardly between the panel corners.

Preferably said..webbing is sewn,to said fabric along the entire length of the webbing.

Notwithstanding any other forms that may fall within its scope one preferred form of the invention will now be described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a plan view of a fabric panel used in a canopy according to the invention,

Figure 2 is a plan view of a canopy according to the invention,

Figure 3 is a side elevation of the canopy shown in Figure 2, Figure 4. is a cross-sectional elevation to an enlarged scale of the footing for a post used in the canopy according to the. invention, and

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional elevation to an enlarged scale of the footing for a tie-down used in the canopy according to the invention.

In the preferred form of the invention a canopy particularly used as a shade canopy and using a fabric shade cloth is constructed as -follows although it will be appreciated that the .invention .may be utilized in any situation where it is desired, to provide an over¬ head canopy.

The canopy is formed from a plurality of panels such as that shown at 1 in Figure 1 which may be formed from any desired stretch material and which in the preferred form of the .invention are formed from knitted polyetheylene shade cloth. A typical cloth is that made by Gale Pty. Ltd. of Australia as Elderado eathershade5 The panel may be of any desired size and may be formed from a single' length of knitted cloth or from a number of lengths of cloth sewn together to form a large rectangular array. In the example of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings each panel may for example be approximately 50 feet (14.33m) along each side. Each panel is provided. ith inelastic or low stretch tendons fastened to the panel at or adjacent the panel edges. In the preferred form of the invention the tendons are formed from webbing 2 sewn to the panel fabric adjacent each edge. The tendon are formed from a type of webbing commonly used for automotive seat belts although it will be appreciated that other forms of webbing, rope or cable may be used in this application. The webbing is sewn continuously to the panel fabric in a curve extending inwardly between the panel corners 3 so that when the webbing is tensioned (as will be described below) the curve at least partially straightens drawing ^* the fabric from the middle area 4 of the panel. Although the curve may be a simple curve which is concave when viewed, from the panel edge-it has been found that a curve of this type over tensions the fabric in the areas adjacent the corners 3. It is therefore preferred to sew the webbing to the fabric in a bell shaped curve being convex with respect to the panel edge over the areas2A adjacent the corners of the panel and concave with respect to the panel edge over the area 2B adjacent the mid-portion of the panel edge. The depth of the curve may be varied to suit the fabric used and the panel size but it has been found suitable with knitted polyetheylene shade cloth in panels 14.3m.along each side to use a .curve depth of 500mm between the panel edge and. the webbing at the mid-point of the side. In one form of the invention the canopy may be erected using fourteen posts comprising twelve edge posts P1-P12 and two centre posts P13 and P14 as shown in Figure 2. The canopy may however be formed to any required size or configuration using a basic rectangular array of four panels 13 based on four corner posts P13, P5, P9 and P7 and a centre post P14. It will be appreciated that the basic rectangular array may be repeated any number of times to build up a shade canopy to cover the desired area. Each edge post is supported by guy wires 7 which are anchored into the ground by any convenient anchor such as a block of concrete.buried in the ground. The posts may similarly be supported on any suitable footing such as: that shown in Figure 4. It is desirable that the posts can rock on the footing 16 to give an elastic structure which can move to absorb wind loadings or other abnormal loadings in use. The posts are further located by diagonal guy wires 10 which also serve to locate the centre posts P13 and P14.

Once the rectangular array of posts has been erected, fabric panels such as that shown in Figure 1 are positioned within the array and opposite diagonal corners of the panels are secured to the posts at the desired height.which is normally at the top of the posts. In ..this manner the diagonally opposite corners of the panels are fastened to. their adjacent posts PI, P3, P13, P5, Pll, P14, P9 and P7. The remaining diagonally opposite corners of the panels are then drawn..together.with the adjacent corners of the adjacent panels at points P2, P4, P12, Tl, T2, P6, P10 and P8. Where these points coincide with a post, i.e., around the perimeter of.-"the canopy, they may then be fastened to that post. At the inter¬ mediate points Tl and T2 it is not necessary to provide a post but desirable to provide tie-down wires 5 (Fig. 5) from the tension point to an anchor block 6 buried in the ground. The tie-down wires 5 serve to restrain the canopy in windy situations and prevent upward bowing or ballooning.

The drawing together and tensioning operation may be performed by any suitable tensioning apparatus. As the corners are drawn-.together to points 11 the webbin tendons 2 are tensioned causing the curve of the webbing to straighten and tension the fabric across the entire area of the panels.

Once the panels have been drawn together and tensioned the edges of adjacent panels .(outside the tendons) may be fastened together to form a.continuous cover. The fastening.may be by way of clips or lacing but preferably by sewing using a small hand held portable sewing machine. The basic rectangular array of four panels 13 erected as described may be repeated to cover any desired area and it has been found that by using four such basic rectangular arrays it is possible to cover an area of one acre. The area so covered has the advantage that there are only five internal posts within the acre area leaving large free areas for cultivation or storage. The canopy formed according to the invention is very resilient and capable of withstanding high wind loadings and furthermore because it is an elastic tensioned structure the canopy is able to resist impact from various objects such as falling branches without significant damage to the canopy. In this manner a canopy can be provided which is simple and easy to erect and which can cover large areas of land in a simple and cheap manner with the use of a minimum number of .support posts.

Although the canopy has been described in a certain size .and using a certain material it will be appreciated that the. basic canopy system may be applied in many different applications requiring ^* different canopy sizes and using different fabric to suit the intended application.

KE

Claims

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1. Α method of erecting a canopy comprising the steps of erecting a plurality of posts in a predetermined array, providing a plurality of panels of canopy fabric of stretch material having inelastic or low stretch tendons fastened thereto at or adjacent the panel edges, fastening diagonally opposite corners of each said panel to selected ones of said posts and drawing together the remaining corners of adjacent panels so as to tension said tendons and hence tension said stretch fabric.

2. A method of erecting a canopy as claimed in claim 1 wherein said tendons are fastened to said fabric continuouslyalong the..length.of each tendon.

3. A method of erecting.a canopy as claimed in either claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said.panel edges are substantially straight and the tendons are fastened thereto in a curve having each end thereof at adjacent corners of the panel and extending inwardly into the panel at the mid-portion of the panel edge.

4. A method of erecting a canopy as claimed in claim_3 wherein said. curve is a bell shaped curve being convex with respect to the panel edge adjacent the corners of the panel and concave with respect to the panel edge adjacent the mid-portion of the panel edge.

5. A method of erecting a canopy as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein said panels are rectangular and said posts are arranged in a rectangular array.

6. A method of erecting a canopy as claimed in claim

5 wherein five said posts are provided in said rectangula array therebeing one said post at each corner and one post in the middle and wherein four said panels are provided each panel being fastened first to the centre post and one corner post and then having the other two diagonally opposite corners of the panel drawn - together with the adjacent corners of the adjacent panels at the

7. A canopy comprising an array of posts and a plurality of panels stretched therebetween at the desired height each said panel being formed from stretch fabric material having inelastic or low stretch tendons fastened thereto at or adjacent the panel edges in a curve extending inwardly between the panel corners so that when the tendons are tensioned between. the posts the curvedtendons at least partially straighten drawing the fabric from the middle area of the panel and tensioning the panel.

8. A canopy as claimed in claim 7 wherein said curve is a bell shaped curve being convex with respect to the panel edge adjacent the. comers of the panel and concave with respect to the panel edge adjacent the mid-portion of the panel edge.

9. A canopy as. claimed in either claim 7 or claim 8 wherein said fabric comprises a stretch knit fabric and. said. endons comprise rope or webbing.

10 A canopy as claimed .in claim 9 wherein said fabric comprises knitted shade, cloth and said tendons comprise webbing of the type- commonly used for automobile seat belts.

11. ^* A canopy as claimed in any one of claims7 to 10 wherein said tendons comprise webbing which is

\, sewn to said fabric along the entire length of the webbing.

12. A rectangular canopy panel of stretch fabric having inelastic .or low. stretched tendons fastened thereto at or adjacent the panel edges in a curve extending inwardly between the panel corners.

13. A rectangular canopy panel as claimed in claim 12 wherein said curve is a bell shaped curve being convex with respect to the panel edge adjacent the corners.of the panel and concave with respect to the panel edge .adjacent the mid-portion of the panel edge.

14. A rectangular canopy panel as claimed in either cla 12 or claim 13 wherein said fabric comprises knitted shade cloth and said tendons comprise webbing of the "