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EP0043096B1 - Device for the storage of radioactive materials - Google Patents

Device for the storage of radioactive materials Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0043096B1
EP0043096B1 EP81104871A EP81104871A EP0043096B1 EP 0043096 B1 EP0043096 B1 EP 0043096B1 EP 81104871 A EP81104871 A EP 81104871A EP 81104871 A EP81104871 A EP 81104871A EP 0043096 B1 EP0043096 B1 EP 0043096B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
container
rods
storage
fuel
lid
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Expired
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EP81104871A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0043096A1 (en
Inventor
Richard Dr. Christ
Peter Srostlik
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Transnuklear GmbH
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Transnuklear GmbH
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G21NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21FPROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F5/00Transportable or portable shielded containers
    • G21F5/005Containers for solid radioactive wastes, e.g. for ultimate disposal
    • G21F5/008Containers for fuel elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device that can be used as an insert for transport and / or storage containers, for storage configurations, as well as for handling, transport and / or storage of radioactive substances, in particular for receiving irradiated fuel or absorber rods, consisting of a box-shaped container cuboid shape, the outer dimensions of which correspond to the respective main dimensions of a fuel assembly.
  • Fuel elements for water-cooled reactors consist of a large number of fuel rods, which are brought into a certain grid with spaces by so-called spacer grids for the passage of the coolant. When the fuel elements are burned out, they are first stored on the reactor and then transported away, be it to a processing plant or for further storage in appropriate storage facilities.
  • the rods resulting from the disassembly are expediently combined into easily manageable units, an elongated sleeve being normally used.
  • Tins are known in which individual rods are stored after their removal from the fuel assembly and then transported. These cans are loaded and closed from the front and have a cylindrical shape. However, they are not suitable for being loaded without additional devices with a view to a maximum packing density.
  • the container has a lockable lid on one long side, which is arranged with its movement, operating and closure elements within the container contour.
  • the container (1) with a lid (2) attached on one long side there are fuel rods (7) made of irradiated fuel elements, arranged in a dense packing without additional web grids.
  • the length of the cover (2) corresponds to the length of the bars.
  • the outer dimensions of the box-shaped container (1) with a cuboid shape correspond to the main outer dimensions of a fuel assembly. Therefore, the container (1) can also be conveniently used in transport and / or storage containers designed for these fuel elements in terms of radiation and heat supply.
  • a horizontal loading of the container (1) with rods is thus possible, and an almost ideal packing density can be achieved by horizontally inserting the slim, flexible rods (7).
  • the lid (2) is closed remotely after loading with the aid of a linkage (4). Remote control is required, as the loading normally has to take place in a water basin at a depth of several meters.
  • the container (1) has the essential external dimensions of a fuel assembly, so that the existing load suspension devices for fuel assemblies can be used, as can the existing storage racks.
  • end faces (12) of the container have a square cross section, and also if there are shaped bodies (5, 6) on the end faces which correspond to the foot and head pieces of fuel elements.
  • the cover (2) moves in hinges (3) and is locked by a linkage (4).
  • the rod is actuated at one end of the container by inserting a clawed tool (10) into a centering opening (11) and axially moving the rod (4) by means of a rotary movement.
  • Fig. 11 shows the container (1) with the lid locked (2), Fig. 111 with the lid open.
  • a rod taper (13) of the rod (4) axially displaceable in brackets (9) releases a correspondingly shaped locking part (8) fastened to the cover (2), which is locked in the locked state by the untapered rod diameter.
  • Other lid closures are also possible.
  • the container (1) can also be sealed against the cover (2) with sealing elements. Lid (2), hinges (3) as well as all movement, operating and locking elements are arranged within the container contour.
  • the centering opening (11) can be used to lift the container (1).
  • Stainless steel optionally with aluminum lining, can be used particularly advantageously as the material for the container (1).
  • the container (1) is also excellently suited for holding solidified radioactive waste in a dense packing, in particular also for blocks made of glazed waste.
  • the container can also be provided with stiffeners to increase the strength.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Stackable Containers (AREA)
  • Details Of Rigid Or Semi-Rigid Containers (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung, verwendbar als Einsatz für Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter, für Lagerkonfigurationen, sowie zur Handhabung, zum Transport und/oder Lagerung von radioaktiven Stoffen, insbesondere für die Aufnahme von bestrahlten Brennstoff- oder Absorberstäben, bestehend aus einem kastenförmigen Behälter quaderförmiger Form, dessen äußere Abmessungen den jeweiligen Hauptabmessungen eines Brennelementes entsprechen.The invention relates to a device that can be used as an insert for transport and / or storage containers, for storage configurations, as well as for handling, transport and / or storage of radioactive substances, in particular for receiving irradiated fuel or absorber rods, consisting of a box-shaped container cuboid shape, the outer dimensions of which correspond to the respective main dimensions of a fuel assembly.

Brennstoffelemente für wassergekühlte Reaktoren bestehen aus einer Vielzahl von Brennstoffstäben, die durch sogenannte Abstandsgitter in ein bestimmtes Raster mit Zwischenräumen zwecks Durchtritt des Kühlmittels gebracht sind. Wenn die Brennstoffelemente ausgebrannt sind, werden sie zunächst am Reaktor gelagert und anschließend abtransportiert, sei es zu einer Aufarbeitungsanlage oder zur weiteren Lagerung in entsprechenden Lagereinrichtungen.Fuel elements for water-cooled reactors consist of a large number of fuel rods, which are brought into a certain grid with spaces by so-called spacer grids for the passage of the coolant. When the fuel elements are burned out, they are first stored on the reactor and then transported away, be it to a processing plant or for further storage in appropriate storage facilities.

Da im abgebrannten Zustand eine regelmäßige Anordnung der Brennstoffstäbe mit bestimmten Abständen nicht mehr erforderlich ist, besteht die Möglichkeit, die Elemente zu zerlegen und die Stäbe zwecks Platzersparnis dichter zu packen.Since a regular arrangement of the fuel rods at certain intervals is no longer necessary in the burned-off state, there is the possibility of disassembling the elements and packing the rods more tightly in order to save space.

Eine vergleichbare Situation liegt bei den Absorberelementen vor, die ebenfalls während ihres Einsatzes aus mehreren Teilen in definierten Abständen bestehen, während nach der Entfernung aus dem Reaktorkern die Stäbe nach Zerlegung des Elementes dichter gepackt werden können.A comparable situation exists with the absorber elements, which also consist of several parts at defined intervals during their use, while after removal from the reactor core, the rods can be packed more densely after the element has been disassembled.

Die bei der Zerlegung anfallenden Stäbe faßt man zweckmäßigerweise zu leicht hantierbaren Einheiten zusammen, wobei normalerweise eine längliche Büchse verwendet wird.The rods resulting from the disassembly are expediently combined into easily manageable units, an elongated sleeve being normally used.

Es sind Büchsen bekannt, in denen einzelne Stäbe nach ihrer Entnahme aus dem Brennelement gelagert und anschließend transportiert werden. Diese Büchsen werden von der Stirnseite beladen und verschlossen und weisen eine zylindrische Form auf. Sie sind allerdings nicht dafür geeignet, ohne Zusatzeinrichtungen im Hinblick auf eine maximale Packungsdichte beladen zu werden.Tins are known in which individual rods are stored after their removal from the fuel assembly and then transported. These cans are loaded and closed from the front and have a cylindrical shape. However, they are not suitable for being loaded without additional devices with a view to a maximum packing density.

Für Absorberstäbe ist auch bereits vorgeschlagen worden, zur Erzielung einer hohen Packungsdichte in stirnseitig beladenen kastenförmigen Büchsen quaderartiger Form Stegraster zu verwenden (DE-U-7 903 719), um die aufgrund der hohen Flexibilität der langen schlanken Stäbe zu erwartende unregelmäßige Anordnung zu vermeiden. Hierbei wird zwar die Packungsdichte gegenüber einer ungeregelten Anordnung verbessert, aber noch keine optimale Platzausnutzung erzielt; ferner sind solche Stegraster aufwendig in der Fertigung. Die Handhabung ist zusätzlich durch den großen Platzbedarf sehr ungünstig. Auch können diese Büchsen nicht ohne weiteres in für Brennelemente ausgelegte Transportbehälter eingebracht werden.For absorber rods, it has also already been proposed to use web grids (DE-U-7 903 719) in order to achieve a high packing density in box-shaped boxes with a cuboid shape loaded on the end face, in order to avoid the irregular arrangement to be expected due to the high flexibility of the long, slim rods. Here, the packing density is improved compared to an unregulated arrangement, but optimal use of space has not yet been achieved; Furthermore, such web grids are complex to manufacture. The handling is also very unfavorable due to the large space requirement. These liners cannot easily be placed in transport containers designed for fuel assemblies.

Es war daher Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine Vorrichtung, verwendbar als Einsatz für Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter, für Lagerkonfigurationen, sowie zur Handhabung, zum Transport und/oder zur Lagerung von radioaktiven Stoffen, insbesondere für die Aufnahme von bestrahlten Brennstoff- oder Absorberstäben, zu schaffen, mit der eine Befüllung ohne zusätzliche Stegraster und ohne großen Platzbedarf möglich ist, die in für Brennelemente ausgelegte Transportbehälter optimal einbringbar ist und die sich auch zu Lagerkonfigurationen einfach anordnen läßt.It was therefore an object of the present invention to provide a device which can be used as an insert for transport and / or storage containers, for storage configurations, and for handling, transporting and / or storing radioactive substances, in particular for receiving irradiated fuel or absorber rods To create, with which a filling is possible without additional web grid and without large space requirements, which can be optimally inserted into transport containers designed for fuel assemblies and which can also be easily arranged for storage configurations.

Die Aufgabe wurde erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Behälter auf einer Längsseite einen verriegelbaren Deckel aufweist, der mit seinen Bewegungs-, Bedienungs- und Verschlußelementen innerhalb der Behälterkontur angeordnet ist.The object was achieved in that the container has a lockable lid on one long side, which is arranged with its movement, operating and closure elements within the container contour.

In den Abbildungen bis IV ist die Erfindung schematisch in beispielhafter Ausgestaltung näher erläutert.In Figures to IV, the invention is schematically explained in an exemplary embodiment.

Im Behälter (1) mit auf einer Längsseite angebrachtem Deckel (2) befinden sich Brennstäbe (7) aus bestrahlten Brennelementen, in dichter Packung ohne zusätzliche Stegraster angeordnet. Die Länge des Deckels (2) entspricht der Länge der Stäbe. Die äußeren Abmessungen des kastenförmigen Behälters (1) mit quaderartiger Form entsprechen jeweils den äußeren Hauptabmessungen eines Brennelementes. Daher ist der Behälter (1) auch bequem in für diese Brennelemente strahlungs- und wärmezufuhrmäßig ausgelegte Transport- und/oder Lagerbehälter einsetzbar.In the container (1) with a lid (2) attached on one long side there are fuel rods (7) made of irradiated fuel elements, arranged in a dense packing without additional web grids. The length of the cover (2) corresponds to the length of the bars. The outer dimensions of the box-shaped container (1) with a cuboid shape correspond to the main outer dimensions of a fuel assembly. Therefore, the container (1) can also be conveniently used in transport and / or storage containers designed for these fuel elements in terms of radiation and heat supply.

Es ist somit eine liegende Beladung des Behälters (1) mit Stäben möglich, und durch das horizontale Einsetzen der schlanken flexiblen Stäbe (7) läßt sich eine fast ideale Packungsdichte erzielen. Der Deckel (2) wird nach Beladung mit Hilfe eines Gestänges (4) fernbedienbar verschlossen. Fernbedienung ist erforderlich, da die Beladung normalerweise in einem Wasserbecken in mehreren Metern Tiefe erfolgen muß. Auch zum Zwecke einer guten Handhabung weist der Behälter (1) die wesentlichen äußeren Abmessungen eines Brennelementes auf, so daß die existierenden Lastaufnahmeeinrichtungen für Brennelemente benutzt werden können, ebenso die vorhandenen Lagergestellen.A horizontal loading of the container (1) with rods is thus possible, and an almost ideal packing density can be achieved by horizontally inserting the slim, flexible rods (7). The lid (2) is closed remotely after loading with the aid of a linkage (4). Remote control is required, as the loading normally has to take place in a water basin at a depth of several meters. Also for the purpose of good handling, the container (1) has the essential external dimensions of a fuel assembly, so that the existing load suspension devices for fuel assemblies can be used, as can the existing storage racks.

Es ist besonders günstig, wenn die Stirnseiten (12) des Behälters einen quadratischen Querschnitt aufweisen, ebenso, wenn sich an den Stirnseiten Formkörper (5, 6) befinden, die den Fuß- und Kopfstücken von Brennelementen entsprechen.It is particularly expedient if the end faces (12) of the container have a square cross section, and also if there are shaped bodies (5, 6) on the end faces which correspond to the foot and head pieces of fuel elements.

Folgende Tabelle gibt beispielhaft Außenabmessungen des neuerungsgemäßen Behälters an:

Figure imgb0001
In einer besonders vorteilhaften Ausführung bewegt sich der Deckel (2) in Scharnieren (3) und wird durch ein Gestänge (4) verriegelt. Das Gestänge wird an einem Ende des Behälters betätigt, indem ein mit Klauen versehenes Werkzeug (10) in eine Zentrieröffnung (11) gesteckt und durch eine Drehbewegung das Gestänge (4) axial bewegt wird. Abb. 11 zeigt den Behälter (1) mit verriegeltem Deckel (2), Abb. 111 mit geöffnetem Deckel. Im entriegelten Zustand gibt eine Gestängeverjüngung (13) des in Halterungen (9) axialverschiebbaren Gestänges (4) ein entsprechend geformtes, am Deckel (2) befestigtes Verschlußteil (8) frei, das im verriegelten Zustand durch den unverjüngten Gestängedurchmesser arretiert ist. Andere Deckelverschlüsse sind ebenfalls möglich. Der Behälter (1) kann gegen den Deckel (2) auch mit Dichtungselementen abgedichtet sein. Deckel (2), Scharniere (3) sowie alle Bewegungs-, Bedienungs- und Verschlußelemente sind innerhalb der Behälterkontur angeordnet.The following table gives an example of the external dimensions of the new container:
Figure imgb0001
In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the cover (2) moves in hinges (3) and is locked by a linkage (4). The rod is actuated at one end of the container by inserting a clawed tool (10) into a centering opening (11) and axially moving the rod (4) by means of a rotary movement. Fig. 11 shows the container (1) with the lid locked (2), Fig. 111 with the lid open. In the unlocked state, a rod taper (13) of the rod (4) axially displaceable in brackets (9) releases a correspondingly shaped locking part (8) fastened to the cover (2), which is locked in the locked state by the untapered rod diameter. Other lid closures are also possible. The container (1) can also be sealed against the cover (2) with sealing elements. Lid (2), hinges (3) as well as all movement, operating and locking elements are arranged within the container contour.

Die Zentrieröffnung (11) kann zum Heben des Behälters (1) benutzt werden.The centering opening (11) can be used to lift the container (1).

Es ist jedoch besonders günstig, an den Stirnseiten innerhalb der Behälterkontur ein- oder beiderseitig zusätzliche Traglemente, beispielsweise Haken oder Ösen, anzubringen, ebenso weitere Hilfsvorrichtungen, z. B. zur Kontrolle des Behälterinneren.However, it is particularly favorable to attach additional supporting elements, for example hooks or eyes, to the end faces within the container contour on one or both sides, as well as further auxiliary devices, for. B. to control the interior of the container.

Bei weitgehend radioaktiv abgeklungenem Material, mit nur noch geringer Abwärme, insbesondere bei weitgehend abgeklungenen wiederaufzuarbeitenden Brennstäben, ist es besonders vorteilhaft, die Behälter (1) in geeigneten Räumlichkeiten direkt neben- und übereinander zu stellen bzw. zu stapeln, wobei die Verwendung von geeignetem Transport- und Lagerplatten, gegebenenfalls mit Luftschlitzen zur Abfuhr von restlicher Abwärme nach dem Luftlagerprinzip, besonders günstig ist.In the case of largely radioactive material, with only a small amount of waste heat, in particular with largely decayed fuel rods to be reprocessed, it is particularly advantageous to place or stack the containers (1) directly next to and on top of each other in suitable rooms, using suitable transport - and bearing plates, possibly with air slots for removing residual waste heat according to the air bearing principle, is particularly favorable.

Als Material für den Behälter (1) ist rostfreier Stahl, gegebenenfalls mit Aluminium-Auskleidung, besonders vorteilhaft verwendbar.Stainless steel, optionally with aluminum lining, can be used particularly advantageously as the material for the container (1).

Neben bestrahlten Brennstoff- und Absorberstäben ist der Behälter (1) auch hervorragend zur Aufnahme von verfestigtem radioaktivem Abfall in dichter Packung, insbesondere auch für Blöcke aus verglasten Abfall, geeignet.In addition to irradiated fuel and absorber rods, the container (1) is also excellently suited for holding solidified radioactive waste in a dense packing, in particular also for blocks made of glazed waste.

Im Bedarfsfall kann der Behälter auch mit Aussteifungen zur Erhöhung der Festigkeit versehen sein.If necessary, the container can also be provided with stiffeners to increase the strength.

Claims (6)

1. An apparatus which may be used as an insert for transport and/or storage containers, for storage configurations, and for the handling, transport and/or storage of radioactive materials, in particular for receiving radiation-exposed fuel rods or absorber rods, consisting of a box-shaped container (1) of a cuboid-like shape, the external diameters of which correspond to the respective principal dimensions of a fuel element, characterised in that the container (1) has on one longitudinal side a lid (2) which may be locked and which is positioned with its movement, operation and closing elements (3,4, 8,9) inside the contour of the container.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the front sides (12) of the container are square in cross-section.
3. An apparatus according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that there are located on the front faces (12) mouldings (5,6) which correspond to the foot and head parts of fuel elements.
4. An apparatus according to claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the lock of the lid consists of rods (4) with constrictions (13) which engage in a correspondingly shaped closing part (8) in the lid (2).
5. An apparatus according to claims 1 to 4, characterised in that supporting elements and optionally other auxiliary devices are provided on one or both sides on the front faces (12) within the contour of the container.
6. An apparatus according to claims 1 to 5, characterised in that it is substantially produced from stainless steel, optionally with a covering of aluminium.
EP81104871A 1980-07-01 1981-06-24 Device for the storage of radioactive materials Expired EP0043096B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3024876 1980-07-01
DE19803024876 DE3024876A1 (en) 1980-07-01 1980-07-01 DEVICE FOR RECEIVING RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES

Publications (2)

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EP0043096A1 EP0043096A1 (en) 1982-01-06
EP0043096B1 true EP0043096B1 (en) 1984-04-04

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EP81104871A Expired EP0043096B1 (en) 1980-07-01 1981-06-24 Device for the storage of radioactive materials

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JP (1) JPS5798896A (en)
DE (2) DE3024876A1 (en)
ES (1) ES8303794A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4704247A (en) * 1981-08-10 1987-11-03 U.S. Tool & Die Co., Inc. Method and apparatus for compacting spent nuclear reactor fuel rods
DE3342641A1 (en) * 1982-06-18 1985-06-13 GNS Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service mbH, 4300 Essen Arrangement for shipping and storing fuel rods of spent fuel elements
US4477731A (en) * 1982-11-01 1984-10-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Department Of Energy Self-closing shielded container for use with radioactive materials
DE3430244C2 (en) * 1984-08-17 1986-11-13 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Wiederaufarbeitung von Kernbrennstoffen mbH, 3000 Hannover System for loading containers with fuel rods or fuel rod sections
DE3708766A1 (en) * 1987-03-18 1988-09-29 Kernforschungsanlage Juelich Container for receiving spherical objects
DE4128324A1 (en) * 1991-08-27 1993-03-04 Siemens Ag BASIN FOR LONG-EXTENDED CORE REACTOR FURNACE
CN113479474B (en) * 2021-07-12 2023-03-14 中国核电工程有限公司 Double-layer rod box

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4023615A (en) * 1971-01-26 1977-05-17 Reese Stanton L Vehicle for transporting container for materials that need to be handled with care
DE2237137A1 (en) * 1972-07-28 1974-02-07 Transnuklear Gmbh Nuclear fuel element transit pack - for elements containing plutonium
DE2256876A1 (en) * 1972-11-20 1974-05-22 Siemens Ag Transporting container for nuclear fuel esp. plutonium - comprises sealed, close fitting ductile material to avoid damage in accidents
US4229316A (en) * 1978-02-03 1980-10-21 Steag Kernenergie Gmbh Device for the storage or disposal of radioactive wastes
DE2804828A1 (en) * 1978-02-04 1979-08-09 Nukem Gmbh Steel container for storing spent nuclear fuel elements - is internally and/or externally coated with aluminium to inhibit tritium permeation
DE2836955A1 (en) * 1978-08-24 1980-03-06 Karlheinz Kupfer Final disposal and storage vessel for radioactive waste - which is transported in lost flasks which are then placed in the vessel with packing material between

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES503542A0 (en) 1983-02-01
JPS5798896A (en) 1982-06-19
ES8303794A1 (en) 1983-02-01
DE3024876A1 (en) 1982-01-21
EP0043096A1 (en) 1982-01-06
DE3162959D1 (en) 1984-05-10

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