DK9600436U3

DK9600436U3 - Vacuum cleaner, especially industrial vacuum cleaner, with bag filters.

Info

Publication number: DK9600436U3
Application number: DK9600436U
Authority: DK
Inventors: Leif Svaneborg
Original assignee: Broendum V As
Priority date: 1994-06-15
Filing date: 1996-12-05
Publication date: 1997-05-09

Description

DK 96 00436 U3DK 96 00436 U3

Opfindelsen angår en støvsuger, især industristøvsuger, af den art, som er angivet i den indledende del af krav 1.The invention relates to a vacuum cleaner, in particular industrial vacuum cleaner, of the kind set forth in the preamble of claim 1.

Det er kendt at benytte sådanne filtre hvor der er behov for stor sugeevne og stor opsamlingskapacitet for indsugede 5 partikler. Det indsugede støv af tungere type vil falde direkte ned i opsamlingsbeholderen, medens lettere støv vil ansuges imod ydersiden af filterposerne og først blive frigivet til nedfald, når støvsugermotoren standses. Tømning kan ske ved ud- eller aftagning af opsamlingsbeholderen.It is known to use such filters where high suction capacity and large collection capacity for aspirated particles are needed. The heavier type of sucked-in dust will fall directly into the collection container, while lighter dust will suck against the outside of the filter bags and be released to fallout only when the vacuum cleaner engine is stopped. Emptying can be done by removing or removing the collection container.

10 Det er almindeligt kendt, at en del af de opsamlede par tikler, der lejrer sig på filterposerne, har en størrelse eller karakter, der kan medføre, at de sætter sig så fast, at de ikke lader sig afstøde ved den almindelige anvendelse af støvsugeren. Der kan således efterhånden dannes en egentlig 15 filterkage på filterposernes overflade, der medfører en reduktion af støvsugerens effektivitet som følge af, at luften har svært ved at komme igennem posevæggene.10 It is well known that some of the collected pairs of particles that settle on the filter bags have a size or character that may cause them to become so stuck that they cannot be repelled by the ordinary use of the vacuum cleaner . Thus, an actual filter cake can eventually be formed on the surface of the filter bags, which results in a reduction in the efficiency of the vacuum cleaner as a result of the air having difficulty in passing through the bag walls.

Denne filterkage skal normalt fjernes manuelt ved mekanisk påvirkning, og arbejdet dermed kan være tidskrævende.This filter cake usually has to be removed manually by mechanical influence, and thus the work can be time consuming.

20 Der er derfor gennem tiden udviklet forskellige mekanismer til udførelse af rystninger af poserne, nogle endog med separate motorer.20 Various mechanisms have therefore been developed over time to carry out the shaking of the bags, some even with separate motors.

Hyppigheden af den nødvendige rensning af filterposernes ydersider er stærkt afhængig af størrelsen af støvsugeren og 25 beskaffenheden af det miljø, i hvilket den benyttes. Specielt i forbindelse med støvsugning ved byggeri, hvor der ofte forekommer store mængder af meget fintkornede partikler, vil behovet for rensning af filterposerne være stort, da et ellers velkendt alternativ er, at man blot arbejder videre med 30 en støvsuger med mærkbart reduceret kapacitet, henholdsvis at der skal udføres hyppige udskiftninger af alle filterposerne.The frequency of cleaning required for the outside of the filter bags is highly dependent on the size of the vacuum cleaner and the nature of the environment in which it is used. Especially in connection with vacuuming in construction, where large quantities of very fine-grained particles often occur, the need for cleaning of the filter bags will be great, as an otherwise well-known alternative is to simply continue with a vacuum cleaner with appreciably reduced capacity, respectively. that frequent replacements of all the filter bags must be performed.

Det vil på denne baggrund være fordelagtigt at tilvejebringe en støvsuger, hvis filterdel er sådan opbygget, at denne i større grad end hidtil er selvrensende, hvorved sær-35 lige mekanismer til rensning af filtrene kan overflødiggøres, således at antallet af nødvendige manuelle rensninger af filtret kan reduceres.Against this background, it will be advantageous to provide a vacuum cleaner, the filter part of which is designed to be self-cleaning to a greater extent than hitherto, thereby eliminating particular mechanisms for cleaning the filters so that the number of necessary manual cleaning of the filter can be reduced.

2 DK 96 00436 U32 DK 96 00436 U3

Opfindelsen bygger på den betragtning, at en fremskreden støvtilstopning af filterposerne vil medføre en betydelig sammentrækningskraft på poserne, idet vacuet inde i poserne vil være mærkbart kraftigere end udenfor. Normalt vil udspil-ingselementerne modstå denne kraft, men hvis de udføres så de er mærkbart vigende overfor sammentrækningskraften, så vil der allerede ved selve sammentrækningen ske en vis bearbejdning og løsnelse af faste kagedannelser. Når poserne eller udspilningselementerne er tilsvarende elastisk udvidelige vil så opnås som en hovedvirkning, at poserne vil ekspandere mærkbart ved hver standsning af motoren.The invention is based on the assumption that an advanced dust clogging of the filter bags will cause a considerable contraction force on the bags, since the vacuum inside the bags will be noticeably stronger than outside. Normally, the playback elements will withstand this force, but if they are performed so that they are noticeably devoid of the contraction force, then some processing and loosening of solid cake formation will already take place. When the bags or playback elements are similarly elastically expandable, then as a main effect, the bags will expand noticeably at each engine shutdown.

På denne baggrund opnås det nævnte formål ved en maskine af den nævnte art, der er kendetegnet ved at posefiltrene er udført på den måde, som er angivet i den kendetegnende del af krav 1.Against this background, the said object is achieved by a machine of the kind characterized in that the bag filters are designed in the manner as defined in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Opfindelsen kan realiseres allerede ved en yderst enkel modifikation, nemlig ved valg af udspilingsskruefjedre med en sådan blødhed, at fjedrene sammentrænges mærkbart, f.eks. med 5-25%, når en tilstopning er så fremskreden, at en fastsat grænse for acceptabel svækkelse af sugekapaciteten er nået. Dette vil indebære, at der også i det acceptable område kan forekomme en vis sammentrængning ved moderat tilstopning, og at der allerede derved vil ske en afstødning af kagemateriale ved hver standsning af støvsugeren, dvs. filterposerne vil i mange tilfælde kunne holde sig selv så rene, at den nævnte grænse aldrig eller kun sjældent vil blive nået.The invention can already be realized by a very simple modification, namely by selecting play-off screw springs with such softness that the springs are noticeably compressed, e.g. by 5-25% when a blockage is so advanced that a set limit for acceptable weakening of the suction capacity is reached. This will imply that there may also be some constriction in the moderate range by moderate clogging, and that there will already be a repulsion of cake material at each stop of the vacuum cleaner, ie. the filter bags will in many cases be able to keep themselves so clean that the said limit will never or only rarely be reached.

Det vil ved opfindelsen være muligt at opnå en ekstra kraftig rensning ved en abrupt udligning af trykforskellen mellem de to sider af filteret, således som det ville opnås ved en helt pludselig standsning af sugeblæseren. I så fald vil nemlig filterposerne blive udrettet på en slagagtig måde, der kraftigt forstærker afstødningsvirkningen. Det vil ikke være ønskeligt at standse bla;ser aggregatet på denne abrupte måde, men samme virkning er opnåelig ved at etablere en kortslutning mellem de to sider af filteret ved pludselig åbning af en vid passage mellem den, henholdsvis - og fortrinsvis -ved tilsvarende pludselig oplukning af en stor åbning i rumvæggen mellem filterets sugeside og atmosfæren, hvorved der 3 DK 96 00436 U3 på begge sider af filteret kan ske en hurtig trykudligning til atmosfæretrykket.In the present invention, it will be possible to obtain an extra powerful purification by abruptly equalizing the pressure difference between the two sides of the filter, as would be achieved by a sudden shut-off of the suction fan. In that case, the filter bags will be erected in a stroke-like manner which greatly enhances the repulsive effect. It will not be desirable to stop blowing the unit in this abrupt manner, but the same effect is achieved by establishing a short circuit between the two sides of the filter by suddenly opening a wide passage between it, respectively - and preferably - by correspondingly sudden opening a large opening in the compartment wall between the suction side of the filter and the atmosphere, whereby a rapid pressure equalization to the atmospheric pressure can be achieved on both sides of the filter.

Hvis man forinden den sidstnævnte oplukning blokerer for den frie ende af støvsugerslangen eller indsætter en prop i 5 sugestudsen på støvsugeren, henholdsvis aktiverer et lukkespjæld ved studsen, vil der ved nævnte oplukning ske det, at den pludselige trykstigning på filterets sugeside ikke vil modsvares af en umiddelbar trykstigning på filtersiden. Luft på sugesiden vil dermed blive suget den modsatte vej gennem 10 filteret, ind i filterrummet, hvorved der kortvarigt kan opstå en ret kraftig 'modskylning' af filterposerne, hvilket giver en høj renseeffekt.Prior to the latter opening, blocking the free end of the vacuum hose or inserting a plug in the suction nozzle of the vacuum cleaner or activating a shut-off valve at the nozzle, at that opening, the sudden pressure rise on the suction side of the filter will not be matched by a immediate pressure rise on the filter side. Air on the suction side will thus be sucked the opposite way through the filter, into the filter compartment, whereby a fairly strong 'flushing' of the filter bags can occur for a short time, which gives a high cleaning effect.

Virkningen vil være desto kraftigere, jo større rummet udenom filterposerne er, og det kan ligefrem være ønskeligt 15 at forsyne støvsugeren med et ekstra rum til dette formål, enten permanent eller som tilbehør.The effect will be the stronger the larger the space outside the filter bags, and it may even be desirable to provide the vacuum cleaner with an additional space for this purpose, either permanently or as an accessory.

På denne baggrund kan støvsugeren være udført med et hurtigt åbneligt dæksel over en stor åbning i væggen af kammeret imellem sugeblæseren og filteret, og dette dæksel kan hen-20 sigtsmæssigt have et håndgreb, der tillige kan benyttes som tilstopningsprop ved modtagelse af den frie ende af støvsugerslangen.Against this background, the vacuum cleaner may be provided with a quick-open cover over a large opening in the wall of the chamber between the suction fan and filter, and this cover may conveniently have a handle which can also be used as a plug for receiving the free end of the vacuum cleaner hose.

Opfindelsen forklares i det følgende nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, på hvilken 25 fig. 1 er et perspektivbillede af en støvsuger ifølge op findelsen, fig. 2 et snitbillede af et par filterposer med udspil-ingselementer under begyndende drift, fig. 3 et tilsvarende billede af en filterpose i udpræget 30 tilstoppet tilstand, og fig. 4 et tilsvarende billede af filterposen umiddelbart efter standsning af støvsugermotoren.The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which 1 is a perspective view of a vacuum cleaner according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a pair of filter bags with playback elements during initial operation; FIG. Fig. 3 is a similar view of a filter bag in the markedly clogged condition; 4 shows a similar view of the filter bag immediately after stopping the vacuum cleaner motor.

I fig. 1 er vist en støvsuger med en mellemste posefilterdel 2, en nedre opsamlingsbeholder 4 for støv, og en øvre 35 sugeblæserdel 6. Posefilterdelen omfatter et ydre svøb 8, som er åbent nedefter mod samlebeholderen 4 og foroven har en dækplade 10 udført med et antal huller til optagelse af nedragende monteringsrørstudse 12 for underliggende posefil- 4 DK 96 00436 U3 tre 14. Svøbet 8 er forsynet med en sugestuds 16 for en støvsugerslange 18.In FIG. 1 shows a vacuum cleaner with a middle bag filter part 2, a lower dust collection container 4 and an upper 35 suction fan part 6. The bag filter part comprises an outer envelope 8 which is open downwards against the collecting container 4 and above has a cover plate 10 made with a number of holes. for accommodating downward mounting pipe nozzle 12 for underlying bag file 4 14. The sleeve 8 is provided with a suction nozzle 16 for a vacuum cleaner hose 18.

Så vidt beskrevet er støvsugeren af velkendt udførelse. Under driften suges luft op fra posefiltrene, der består af 5 filterposer eller -strømper 20 anbragt på skruevundne udspil-ingselementer 22 og tillukkede forneden, og suget forplanter sig til rummet udenom posefiltrene, dvs. det filterkammer 24, som er i forbindelse med sugestudsen 16. Når den gennem slangen 18 indsugede luft træder ind i dette kammer vil lufthas-10 tigheden falde mærkbart, og tungere partikler i luften vil så falde direkte ned i opsamlingsbeholderen 4, medens lettere partikler vil blive ansuget mod ydersiderne af filterposerne 20 og så forblive der i hvert fald indtil sugeblæseren i topdelen 6 standses. Derved frigøres de ansugede partikler til 15 nedfald i beholderen 4, men som nævnt kan der dog forekomme og med tiden opbygges ansamlinger, der hæfter til poserne som såkaldte filterkager. Disse bliver siddende og kan med tiden tilstoppe posevæggene så vidtgående, at sugekapaciteten af maskinen nedsættes betragteligt, indtil poserne renses eller 20 udskiftes.As far as described, the vacuum cleaner is well known in the art. During operation, air is sucked up from the bag filters, which consists of 5 filter bags or socks 20 placed on screw wound play elements 22 and closed at the bottom, and the suction propagates to the space outside the bag filters, ie. the filter chamber 24 which is in contact with the suction nozzle 16. As the air drawn in through the hose 18 enters this chamber, the air velocity will decrease noticeably, and heavier particles in the air will then fall directly into the collection vessel 4, while lighter particles will be suctioned to the outside of the filter bags 20 and then remain at least until the suction fan in the top part 6 is stopped. In doing so, the aspirated particles are released to 15 deposits in the container 4, but as mentioned, however, accumulations can occur and build up over time, which adhere to the bags as so-called filter cakes. These remain seated and may, over time, clog the bag walls so far that the suction capacity of the machine is significantly reduced until the bags are cleaned or replaced.

Ifølge opfindelsen er de skrueformede udspilingselementer 22 udført som halvbløde skruefjedre. Så længe poserne er rene gør dette ingen særlig forskel i forhold til stive elementer, idet der kun vil være et beskedent trykfald over poserne og 25 dermed næsten samme sugetryk i filterkammeret 24 som i det med 26 betegnede sugekammer oven over pladen 2, hvorved selv ret svage fjedre kan holde poserne udspændt, jfr. posefilteret til venstre i fig. 1. I tilfælde af begyndende tilstopning af filtervæggene som antydet ved 28 til højre i fig. 2 30 vil der når dette er generelt eller gennemsnitligt for alle poserne - fremstå et svækket undertryk i filterkammeret 26, dvs. et overtryk i forhold til trykket inde i poserne, og derved kan der fremkomme en vis optrykning af de nedre ender af fjedrene 22. Så snart blæsermotoren slukkes vil fjedrene 35 vende tilbage til deres helt udstrakte tilstand, eventuelt endda til en forspændt tilstand inde i de helt udstrakte po ser.According to the invention, the helical play elements 22 are made as semi-soft helical springs. As long as the bags are clean, this makes no special difference to rigid elements, since there will only be a slight drop in pressure over the bags and, thus, almost the same suction pressure in the filter chamber 24 as in the suction chamber indicated by 26 above the plate 2, weak springs can keep the bags stretched, cf. the bag filter to the left of FIG. 1. In case of initial clogging of the filter walls as indicated at 28 to the right in FIG. 2, when this is general or average for all the bags - a weakened negative pressure will appear in the filter chamber 26, ie. an overpressure with respect to the pressure inside the bags, and thus a certain pressure may appear on the lower ends of the springs 22. As soon as the blower motor is switched off, the springs 35 will return to their fully extended state, possibly even to a biased state within the fully extended po looks.

5 DK 96 00436 U35 DK 96 00436 U3

Ved mere vidtgående tilstopning vil filterposerne under driften blive endnu mere sammentrængte, jfr. fig. 3, hvor tilstopningerne optræder som større kagedannelser 30. Filterposerne vil fortsat ved hver standsning af sugeblæseren rette 5 sig helt ud, hvilket jfr. fig. 4 vil betyde, at kagerne 30 vil påvirkes til afstødning fra posevæggene. Det er en medvirkende faktor, at posevæggene jfr. fig. 3 vil antage et udpræget bugtet forløb mellem fjedervindingerne som følge af den formindskede afstand mellem disse, og ved selve udretnin-10 gen fra dette forløb vil der altså ske en kraftig formændring, som fremmer afstødningen af filterkagen.In case of more extensive clogging the filter bags during operation will become even more constricted, cf. FIG. 3, where the blockages appear as larger cake formations 30. The filter bags will continue to straighten completely at each stop of the suction fan 5, cf. FIG. 4 will mean that the cakes 30 will be affected to repel the bag walls. It is a contributing factor that the bag walls cf. FIG. 3 will assume a pronounced curved course between the spring windings as a result of the reduced distance between them, and in the actual calculation from this course there will thus be a sharp change in shape which promotes the rejection of the filter cake.

Det er i fig. 1 og 2 vist, at der i væggen af det øvre sugekammer 26 kan være tildannet en bred åbning 32, som normalt er lukket med et dæksel eller en prop 34 med et udven-15 digt betjeningshåndtag 36. Denne store åbning 32 kan således frigøres mod atmosfæren ved en pludselig udrykning af dæks-let/proppen 34, hvorved der under drift vil ske en pludselig trykstigning i sugekammeret 26, således at fjedrene 22 kan udvide sig meget pludseligt og derved forstærke den afkast-20 ningsvirkning, hvormed de påvirker filterkagerne 30.It is shown in FIG. 1 and 2 show that a wide opening 32 can be formed in the wall of the upper suction chamber 26, which is normally closed with a cover or plug 34 with an external operating handle 36. This large opening 32 can thus be released against the atmosphere by a sudden release of the cover / stopper 34, whereby during operation a sudden pressure rise will occur in the suction chamber 26, so that the springs 22 can expand very suddenly, thereby enhancing the return effect with which they affect the filter cakes 30.

Håndgrebet 24 er udført som en kugle, dimensioneret til tætnende optagelse af den frie endestuds på støvsugerslangen 7. Ved indskydelse af denne studs på kuglen spærres der for indsugning til filterrummet, hvorved der i dette ret hurtigt 25 vil opbygges samme vacuum som i det øvre rum. Når man i den situation udrykker proppen 23, hvilket let kan gøres med samme hånd, som holder studsen på sugeslangen, så opstår den omtalte modskylningsvirkning på filterposerne, idet undertrykket i det med slangen forbundne rum udlignes ved indtag 30 af fri luft ovenfra.The handle 24 is designed as a ball, dimensioned for sealing uptake of the free end of the vacuum hose 7. By inserting this bolt on the ball, suction is blocked to the filter compartment, whereby the same vacuum 25 will be built up quickly in the upper room. . In that situation, when the plug 23 is ejected, which can easily be done with the same hand holding the plug on the suction hose, the said flushing effect on the filter bags arises, as the suppression in the hose connected to the hose is offset by intake 30 of free air from above.

Denne effekt kan forstærkes ved brug af et nedre rum med forøget rumfang, f.eks. ved et påbygningsrum eller ved at slangestudsen i stedet for at afspærres tilsluttes en lukket kasse.This effect can be amplified by using a lower space with increased volume, e.g. in a body or by attaching a closed box to the hose nozzle instead of being shut off.

35 Eventuelt kan filterposens udretning til udgangsstillin gen efter hver standsning af sugeblæseren 8 sikres ved, at den bort fra hulpladen 2 vendende ende af filterposen 4 er forsynet med en elastisk trækforbindelse til et under pose- 6 DK 96 00436 U3 filteret værende fæste. Derved behøver udspilingselementerne ikke at være elastisk strækbare fra den sammenskudte stilling, og de kan f.eks. bestå af en række af ringe, der er sammenholdt med let bøjelig tråd af sytrådstype.Optionally, the alignment of the filter bag to the initial position after each stop of the suction fan 8 can be ensured by the end of the filter bag 4 facing away from the hollow plate 2 being provided with an elastic tensile connection to an attachment under the bag. Thereby, the playback elements do not have to be elastically extendable from the pushed position, and they can e.g. consist of a series of rings which are joined by a lightly flexible sewing thread type.

Claims

1. Vacuum cleaner of the kind having a removable dust collection container located below a battery of bag filters mounted on a separator plate in the vacuum cleaner suction chamber, which consists of filter bags placed on perforated, preferably screw-wound play-off elements, characterized in that bags are characterized by so resilient that, in the event of a higher operative pressure on the filter side of the separator plate than on its suction side, they are resiliently compressible to a state from which they can act with appreciable motion by equalization of pressure between the two sides.

Vacuum cleaner according to claim 1, characterized in that the bag filters are dimensioned to a compression of at least 5-10% at a strong operating differential pressure.

Vacuum cleaner according to claim 1, characterized in that the screw-wound play elements are relatively soft coil springs, tuned to be compressed appropriately by different degrees of clogging of a filter type used.

Vacuum cleaner according to Claim 1, characterized in that the space connected to the suction fan of the vacuum cleaner on the suction side of the separator plate is provided in a wall part against the atmosphere with a large opening relative to the capacity of the suction fan, which has a momentary open closing means, which can be operated during operation to produce a sudden and substantial increase in pressure in the room in question.

Vacuum cleaner according to claim 4, characterized in that the instantaneously openable closure means (23) is constituted by a tightly sealed plug, the outward end of which has a handle (24).

Vacuum cleaner according to claim 4, characterized in that at one point of the vacuum cleaner or a drive rack for the same there is a protruding tap or socket for sealingly accommodating the outer, free end of the vacuum cleaner hose.

Vacuum cleaner according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the tap or socket is constituted by the handle of the 35 sealing plug.