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DK175391B1 - Implantat til columna og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling heraf - Google Patents

Implantat til columna og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling heraf Download PDF

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Publication number
DK175391B1
DK175391B1 DK200200217A DKPA200200217A DK175391B1 DK 175391 B1 DK175391 B1 DK 175391B1 DK 200200217 A DK200200217 A DK 200200217A DK PA200200217 A DKPA200200217 A DK PA200200217A DK 175391 B1 DK175391 B1 DK 175391B1
Authority
DK
Denmark
Prior art keywords
implant
base body
ray
surface modification
cavity
Prior art date
Application number
DK200200217A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
John Christensen
Hans Joergen Pedersen
Original Assignee
Danfoss As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Danfoss As filed Critical Danfoss As
Priority to DK200200217A priority Critical patent/DK175391B1/da
Priority to PCT/DK2003/000081 priority patent/WO2003068111A1/en
Priority to US10/503,297 priority patent/US20050107879A1/en
Priority to AT03704330T priority patent/ATE361723T1/de
Priority to AU2003206677A priority patent/AU2003206677A1/en
Priority to EP03704330A priority patent/EP1474080B1/en
Priority to JP2003567299A priority patent/JP2005516731A/ja
Priority to DE60313740T priority patent/DE60313740T2/de
Publication of DK200200217A publication Critical patent/DK200200217A/da
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DK175391B1 publication Critical patent/DK175391B1/da

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/4455Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
    • A61F2/4465Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages having a circular or kidney shaped cross-section substantially perpendicular to the axis of the spine
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28Bones
    • A61F2/2846Support means for bone substitute or for bone graft implants, e.g. membranes or plates for covering bone defects
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/30767Special external or bone-contacting surface, e.g. coating for improving bone ingrowth
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2/44Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs
    • A61F2/4455Joints for the spine, e.g. vertebrae, spinal discs for the fusion of spinal bodies, e.g. intervertebral fusion of adjacent spinal bodies, e.g. fusion cages
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61LMETHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/28Materials for coating prostheses
    • A61L27/30Inorganic materials
    • A61L27/306Other specific inorganic materials not covered by A61L27/303 - A61L27/32
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    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
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    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
    • A61B17/68Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30004Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis
    • A61F2002/30056Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis the prosthesis being made from materials having different values of a given property at different locations within the same prosthesis differing in radiographic density
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
    • A61F2002/30003Material related properties of the prosthesis or of a coating on the prosthesis
    • A61F2002/3006Properties of materials and coating materials
    • A61F2002/3008Properties of materials and coating materials radio-opaque, e.g. radio-opaque markers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
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    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof
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    • A61L2430/00Materials or treatment for tissue regeneration
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
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  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Steroid Compounds (AREA)

Description

......·· · " ^Ksmez - DK 175391 B1 i
Opfindelsen angår et implantat til erstatning af et element i en ryg- eller halshvirvelsøjle, hvilket implantat omfatter et grundlegeme fremstillet af et i det væsentlige røntgengennemskinneligt materia-5 le.
Stabilitet og funktion af hvirvelsøjlen (colum na) er baseret på relationerne mellem hvirvellegemer (corpora), discus (disci intervertebrales), ligamenter og muskulatur. Mellem hvirvelsøjlens hvirvellege-10 mer befinder sig en discus, der omfatter en blød bruskskive, som er omgivet og indesluttet af· en fibrøs ring (annulus fibrosus), der forhindrer bruskskiven i at forlade mellemrummet mellem hvirvellegemerne .
15 Discus kan blive forskudt (discusprolaps) eller beskadiget, hvilket bl.a. kan skyldes stillesiddende arbejde, overbelastning, trafikulykker eller sygdom, og problemer med ryg og nakke er blevet dagligdag for mange. Discusprolaps, hvor den bageste del af annulus 20 fibrosus udhules eller brister, kan medføre, at discus trykker på rygmarven eller en nerverod, hvilket giver stærke smerter og evt. lammelser. I andre tilfælde er discus blevet overbelastet eller ældet på en måde så discus bliver hård og dehydreret, hvilket 25 i begge tilfælde medfører, at discus synker sammen og ikke fylder mellemrummet mellem hvirvellegemerne helt ud, og dermed er der risiko for instabilitet af søjlen, nedsat bevægelighed og smerter. I alvorligste fald er det nødvendigt at fjerne et eller flere af 30 disse discus ved en operation, og indsætte et implantat i stedet.
Tilsvarende kan et hvirvellegeme være beskadiget, fx pga. sideforskydning, torsion eller aksial kompression, som fx kan være forårsaget af ulykker 35 med fald, hovedspring på lavt vand eller trafikulykker. Endelig kan der være tale om hvirvellegemer, som er ødelagt pga. sygdom, såsom kræft. Fælles er, at det kan være nødvendigt at fjerne et beskadiget hvir- I DK 175391 B1 I vellegeme, og i stedet indsætte et implantat.
H Ved en operation, hvor der fjernes et eller flere elementer, gennemskæres muskel- og bindevæv, og det er nødvendigt at sørge for, at implantatet hur- 5 tigst muligt bliver sikkert fikseret til tilstødende hvirvellegemer, for at sikre stabilitet af ryg- og halssøjlen. Fikseringen kan fx bestå i, at der sker indgroning af knogle fra de to tilstødende hvirvelle- gemer. Det er vigtigt, at det kan konstateres, om der 10 er sket en passende indgroning af knogle i implanta- tet, og dermed, om stabiliteten af rygsøjlen er sik- ret. Med et traditionelt implantat fremstillet af et metal, kan det være vanskeligt at konstatere, om der er sket indgroning, da metal er røntgenfast, og der- 15 for danner skygger på røntgenbilledet. Traditionelle implantater fremstillet af metal er derfor ikke opti- male i forbindelse med implantater til indsættelse i en ryg- eller halshvirvelsøjle, da det er vanskeligt eller ligefrem umuligt at bestemme, om der er sket 20 indgroning. Et forsøg på at afhjælpe dette fremgår af I EP 1 088 533 Al, der beskriver et implantat af oven- I nævnte type, som består af en kurvlignende beholder, hvor kurven er fremstillet af sammenflettede tråde I eller strimler af metal, idet der mellem trådene el- I 25 ler strimlerne er åbninger, hvor røntgenstrålerne kan komme igennem. Dette implantat er imidlertid omkost- ningstungt at fremstille, og det er desuden vanske- I ligt at opnå tilstrækkelig kompressionsstyrke af det- I te kurvlignende implantat.
I 30 Som det fx fremgår af US patent nr. 5,425,772, I kan i stedet anvendes et implantat fremstillet af fx I polymer, evt. forstærket med fibre, idet et sådant I implantat er røntgengennemskinneligt, og derfor ikke I danner skygger på røntgenbillede. Dette implantat har I 35 imidlertid den ulempe, at det ikke vha. et røntgen- billede kan konstateres, om implantatet sidder rig- I tigt.
I Fra US patent nr. 6,146,422 kendes desuden et 3 DK 175391 B1 discusimplantat, som er fremstillet af et røntgengennemskinneligt materiale, såsom en polymer, hvori der er indsat to punktformede metalmarkører, som kan ses på et røntgenbillede. Med dette implantat er det 5 i nogen grad muligt at bestemme implantatets placering. Derimod er det vanskeligt at konstatere, om knoglen vokser tæt til implantatet.
Det er et formål med den foreliggende opfindelse at tilvejebringe et implantat, som muliggør be-10 stemmelse af placering af implantatet, samt knoglevækst omkring og til implantatet.
Med dette formål er implantatet ifølge opfindelsen ejendommeligt ved, at implantatet har en overflademodificering omfattende et røntgenfast materia-15 le, hvorved der opnås, at det på røntgen kan ses, om implantatet er placeret rigtigt. Da knoglen tydeligt ses på røntgen, vil det desuden kunne ses, om knoglen vokser omkring implantatet og til den nu røntgensynlige overflade.
20 Det enkleste er naturligvis at overflademodifi cere hele implantatet, men det foretrækkes, at overflademodificeringen alene omfatter udvalgte områder af implantatet, fortrinsvis alene indbyrdes parallelle flader, således at der forefindes såvel områder 25 med overflademodificering som uden overflademodificering. Områderne uden overflademodificering udgør en slags "vinduer", som er røntgengennemskinnelige og ·, ikke efterlader skygger på røntgenbillede. Dette gi ver bedre adgang til at se, om de overflademodifice-30 rede overflader har den ønskede beliggenhed og om der er sket vækst af knogle omkring og til implantatet.
Overflademodificeringen kan være ethvert røntgenfast materiale, men ifølge en udførelsesform er overflademodificeringen af refractory metal, som er 35 røntgenfaste og generelt meget modstandsdygtige mod korrosion.
Det er særligt foretrukket, at overflademodificeringen er tantal, som er røntgenfast og har hen- I DK 175391 B1 H sigtsmæssige, biokompatible egenskaber, hvorved det er sikret, at implantatet accepteres af kroppen, og at knogle kan gro fast til selve implantatet.
I en udførelsesform er overflademodificeringen 5 på i det mindste en del af grundlegemets overside og/eller underside, så disse flader står tydeligt frem på røntgenbilledet, og det kan konstateres, om implantatet er placeret korrekt, og ligger tæt til de tilstødende hvirvellegemer.
10 Ifølge en udførelsesform omslutter grundlegemet helt eller delvist et gennemgående hulrum, som stræk- ker sig fra grundlegemets overside til grundlegemets underside. Dette gennemgående hulrum er velegnet til indgroning af knogle, og herved opnås en øget sikring 15 af, at implantatet bliver forankret i ryg- eller halshvirvelsøjlen, hvorved der opnås stabilitet af ryg- eller halshvirvelsøjlen.
Det kan være fordelagtigt, at overflademodifi- ceringen er på i det mindste en del af hulrummets si- 20 devæg, da det herved kan konstateres om knoglen vok- ser tæt omkring implantat gennem hulrummet og evt.
vokser til overfladen.
Ifølge en udførelsesform er implantatet ejen- I dommeligt ved, at det omfatter mindst ét net udspændt 25 på tværs af hulrummet i grundlegemet. Herved opnås, at der er dannet en art hylde, hvorpå knoglevækst- fremmende materiale kan lægges. Dette net har yderli- gere den fordel, at indgroning i nettet vil fastholde I implantatet mod relativ forskydning i forhold til de 30 tilstødende hvirvellegemer.
I mange tilfælde vil et enkelt net være til- I strækkeligt og passende, men i nogle tilfælde kan det I være hensigtsmæssigt, at implantatet omfatter to i afstand beliggende net udspændt i hulrummet i det væ- 35 sentlige parallelt med over- og/eller undersiden af grundlegemet. Med dette implantat er der således til- vejebragt en lomme, hvori der kan lægges knoglevækst- I materiale, hvorved der er en forbedret sikring af, at ! 5 DK 175391 B1 knoglevækstmaterialet ikke falder af, og samtidig er der forøget chance for, at der hurtigt sker knogleindvækst i et net, så der opnås tidlig sikring mod forskydning af implantatet.
5 Det kan desuden være hensigtsmæssigt at over flademodificeringen er på nettet, således at det er belagt med et røntgenfast materiale, eller at nettet er fremstillet af tråde af røntgenfast materiale, såsom tantal eller platin, idet nettet derved træder 10 tydeligt frem på røntgen, og det let kan konstateres, om der er sket indgroning af knogle i nettet.
En udførelsesform er ejendommelig ved, at grundlegemet i det væsentlige har facon af en hestesko med to grene. Denne udformning har vist sig sær-15 lig hensigtsmæssig for et implantat til erstatning af et element i rygsøjlen.
Et implantat, hvor grundlegemet har facon som en sluttet ring med en rund, oval eller polygonal grundform har vist sig velegnet til indsats i hals-20 hvirvelsøjlen, bla. fordi dimensionerne af elementerne her er forholdsvis små.
Fiksering i perioden frem til indgroning kan bl.a. opnås med et såkaldt Harrington-system, som består af lange stænger indsat omkring rygsøjlen til 25 fiksering heraf, men systemer af denne type er til ulempe for patienten, og ofte er der alligevel risiko for, at stængerne løsner sig. Med henblik på at opnå bedre fiksering, er implantatet i en udførelsesform forsynet med skrå, gennemgående huller fra en yder-30 side af grundlegemet til henholdvis over- og/eller undersiden af grundlegemet, hvorved implantatet ved hjælp af skruer eller stifter kan forankres til et af eller begge de tilstødende hvirvellegemer. Dette har særligt betydning i den periode, hvor der endnu ikke 35 er sket indgroning af knogle i implantatet.
Opfindelsen angår desuden en fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et implantat til erstatning af en discus i en ryg- eller halshvirvelsøjle.
I DK 175391 B1
I I
I Opfindelsen vil i det følgende blive beskrevet I
nærmere ved hjælp af et udførelseseksempel og under I
I henvisning til den medfølgende tegning, hvor I
fig. 1 viser et implantat ifølge opfindelsen I
5 med hesteskofacon, I
I fig. 2 tværsnit II-II i fig. 1, I
fig. 3 et implantat ifølge opfindelsen med I
ringform, I
I fig. 4 tværsnit IV-IV i fig. 3, I
10 fig. 5 snit gennem et implantat forsynet med I
med toppe, og I
I fig. 6 et implantat forsynet med net, I
fig. 7 snit VII-VII i fig. 6, I
fig. 8 et implantat med ringform og forsynet I
I 15 med net, og I
I fig. 9 tværsnit IX-IX i fig. 8. I
I I fig. 1, som skematisk viser et implantat 1 I
ifølge opfindelsen, ses, at implantatet 1 omfatter et I
I hesteskoformet grundlegeme 2 med to grene 2a, 2b, som I
20 delvist omslutter et gennemgående hulrum 3, som I
strækker sig fra en overside 4 af grundlegemet 2 til I
en underside 5 af grundelegemet 2. I
Efter indoperering af et implantat er det væ- I
sentligt at kunne konstatere, om implantatet er pla- I
25 ceret korrekt, og om der sker knogle indvækst i im- I
plantatet og til implantatet, så det bliver sikkert I
I forankret til de tilstødende knogler. Det foretrækkes I
I derfor, at implantatet er synligt på røntgen, men I
I samtidig er det særligt foretrukket, at implantatet I
I 30 ikke danner skygger på røntgen, som gør det vanske- I
I ligt eller umuligt at afgøre, om der er sket indgro- I
I ning gennem implantatets hulrum 3. Implantatet 1 kan, I
I som det fremgår af fig. 2, helt eller delvist have en I
I overflademodificering 9, som er helt eller delvist I
I 35 røntgenfast. Dette har særligt i forbindelse med et I
I grundlegeme 2, der er fremstillet af et materiale, I
I som er røntgengennemskinneligt, den fordel, at selve I
overfladen af implantatet fremstår synlig på røntgen, I
DK 175391 B1 7 og det kan derfor let afgøres, om der er sket knogleindvækst i implantatet. Overflademodificeringen 9 kan være ethvert røntgenfast materiale egnet til indsættelse i en levende organisme, idet det fore- 5 trækkes, at materialet er biokompatibelt. Eksempler på egnede materialer inkluderer refractory metaller, såsom niob og tantal. Det kan nævnes, at der med en overflademodificering 9 af tantal i en tykkelse af 5- 10 μτα kan opnås den ønskede røntgenf as thed, samtidig 10 med at der ikke optræder generende skygger på røntgen, idet en overflademodificering af denne tykkelse stadig er røntgengennemskinnelig i nogen grad.
Et implantat 1 af denne type omfattende et grundlegeme 2 med hesteskofacon har vist sig særligt 15 velegnet til erstatning af et element i en rygsøjle, medens det i forbindelse med implantater til erstatning af elementer i halshvirvelsøjlen almindeligvis foretrækkes, at implantatet 1 som vist i fig. 3 omfatter et grundlegeme 2 af facon som en sluttet ring, 20 som kan være fx rund eller firkantet, og hvilket grundlegeme 2 omslutter et gennemgående hulrum 3.
Overflademodificeringen kan dække hele implantatet eller som vist i fig. 4 alene en begrænset del, såsom alene modstående partier af sideflader af 25 grundlegemet indvendigt i hulrummet. Herved kan opnås, at der er dannet en art røntgengennemskinnelige "vinduer" i de områder, hvor der ikke er overflademodificering, således at der er adgang til på røntgenbillede at se, om der er sket indgroning af knogle 30 gennem implantatets hulrum og til overfladen af implantatet, da de overflademodificerede områder vil være tydelige på røntgenbilledet.
Der kan i grundlegemet 2 være gennemgående huller (ikke vist) fra en sideflade 7 til henholdsvis 35 oversiden 4 og/eller undersiden 5 af grundlegemet 2.
Gennem disse huller kan indsættes stifter, skruer eller lignende fikseringsmidler til fiksering af implantatet i forhold til tilstødende hvirvellegemer.
----- — ^
I DK 175391 B1 I
I I
Herved opnås, at implantatet 1 ikke kan forskyde sig I
I i den periode, hvor der endnu ikke er indgroning af I
I knoglemateriale gennem implantatet. Det skal dog næv- I
nes, at det i forbindelse med implantater til erstat- I
I 5 ning af et element i en halshvirvelsøjle ofte ikke I
vil være muligt at fastskrue implantatet til de til- I
stødende hvirvellegemer, da disse er forholdsvis små. I
I tillæg hertil, eller i stedet for, kan over- I
og/eller undersiden 4, 5 af grundlegemet 2 være ru, I
I 10 eller som det fremgår af fig. 5 være forsynet med I
I forholdsvis spidse toppe eller kamme 8, som hensigts- I
I mæssigt forløber i forskellige retninger. Herved op- I
I nås en minimering af risikoen for, at implantatet I
I forskyder sig i forhold til de tilstødende hvirvelle- I
I 15 gemer. I
Ved oversiden 4, undersiden 5, eller et sted I
I mellem overside 4 og underside 5, kan der, som vist i I
I fig. 6, 7, 8 og 9, være udspændt et net 6, som er i I
I det væsentlige parallelt med over- og eller undersi- I
I 20 den 4, 5. På dette net kan lægges et knoglevækstfrem- I
mende materiale, såsom produktet Colloss® fra det ty- I
ske firma Ossacur AG. I
I Implantatet 1 kan som vist i fig. 8 og 9 omfat- I
I te et enkelt net 6 eller, som det fremgår af fig. 7, I
I 25 som er snit VII-VII i fig. 6, kan implantatet 1 med I
I fordel omfatte to net 6a, 6b, som er udspændt mellem I
de to grene 2a, 2b af grundlegemet 2. Herved er der I
I på fordelagtig måde dannet en lomme 10, hvori der kan I
I indlægges et knoglevækstfremmende materiale. I
I -30 Grundlegemet 2 af implantatet 1 kan være frem- I
I stillet af en fiberarmeret polymer, hvor fibrene des- I
I uden anvendes til fremstilling af nettet 6. På denne I
I måde kan nettet 6 hensigtsmæssigt fremstilles inte- I
I gralt med grundlegemet 2. Alternativt kan nettet 6 I
I 35 eftermonteres på grundlegemet 2. Eksempler på egnede I
I polymere omfatter bl.a. PEEK (polyetheretherketon) og I
PEKEKK, og fibrene kan bl.a. være kulfibre. I
I Implantatet kan også fremstilles af grafit el- I
DK 175391 B1 9 ler metal. Grundlegemet kan i dette tilfælde være metal i bulk, ekstruderet, evt. med net, sintret pulver eller opskummet.
Egnede dimensioner af et implantat til erstat-5 ning af en discus i en rygsøjle af et voksent menneske vil være en højde af omtrent 10 til 13 mm, en bredde af ca. 8 mm, og en åbning med største dimension på omkring 25 mm, medens et sådant implantat til et barn naturligvis er noget mindre.
10 Egnede dimensioner af et implantat til erstat ning af en discus i en halshvirvelsøjle af et voksent menneske vil være en højde på ca. 8 mm, en bredde af ca. 20 mm og en dybde af ca. 10 mm. Hulrummet kan fx have et tværsnit på ca. 4 gange 12 mm.
15 I tilfælde af, at implantatet skal erstatte et hvirvel legeme, vil det være klart for fagmanden, at implantatet skal have væsentlig større højde.
Figurerne viser implantater med parallel over-og underside, men der er tilfælde, hvor det er hen-20 sigtsmæssigt at implantatet er kileformet, således at højden af implantatet er forskellig ved for- og bagside, hvorved der opnås en ønsket krumning af hvirvelsøjlen.

Claims (13)

1. Implantat (1) til erstatning af et element i I I en ryg- eller halshvirvelsøjle, hvilket implantat (1) I omfatter et grundlegeme (2) fremstillet af et i det I I 5 væsentlige røntgengennemskinneligt materiale, I kendetegnet ved, at grundlegemet (2) har I en overflademodificering (9) omfattende et røntgen- I fast materiale. I
2. Implantat (1) ifølge krav 1, kende- I 10 tegnet ved, at overflademodificeringen (9) ale- I I ne omfatter udvalgte områder af implantatet (1), for- I I trinsvis alene indbyrdes parallelle flader. I
3. Implantat (1) ifølge et af de foregående I krav, kendetegnet ved, at overflademodi- I 15 ficeringen (9) er af refractory metal. I
4. Implantat (1) ifølge krav 3, kende- I tegnet ved, at overflademodificeringen (9) er I af tantal. I
5. Implantat (1) ifølge krav 2, kende- I 20. e g n e t ved, at overflademodificeringen (9) er I I på i det mindste en del af grundlegemets (2) overside I I (4) og/eller underside (5). I
6. Implantat (1) ifølge et af de foregående I krav, kendetegnet ved, at grundlegemet I I 25 (2) helt eller delvist omslutter et gennemgående hul- I I rum (3) , som strækker sig fra grundlegemets (2) over- I I side (4) til grundlegemets (2) underside (5). I
7. Implantat (1) ifølge krav 6, kende- I I tegnet ved, at overflademodificeringen (9) er I I 30 på i det mindste en del af hulrummets (3) sidevæg. _ I
8. Implantat (1) ifølge krav 6 eller 7, I I kendetegnet ved, at implantatet (l) om- I fatter mindst ét net (6) udspændt på tværs af hulrum- I I met (3). I I 35
9. Implantat (1) ifølge krav 8, kende- I tegnet ved, at overflademodificeringen (9) er I I på nettet (6) , eller at nettet (6) er af tråde af I I røntgenfast materiale, såsom tantal eller platin. I DK 175391 B1
10. Implantat (1) ifølge et af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at grundlegemet (2) har facon af en hestesko med to grene (2a, 2b).
11. Implantat (1) ifølge et af de foregående 5 krav, kendetegnet ved, at grundlegemet * (2) har facon som en sluttet ring med rund, oval eller polygonal grundform.
12. Implantat (1) ifølge et af de foregående krav, kendetegnet ved, at implantatet (1) 10 er forsynet med skrå, gennemgående huller fra en yderside (7) af grundlegemet (2) til henholdvis over-/ , og/eller undersiden (4, 5) af grundlegemet (2).
13. Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et implantat til erstatning af et element i en ryg- eller 15 halshvirvelsøjle, hvilket implantat omfatter et grundlegeme (2) , som fremstilles af et i det væsentlige røntgengennemskinneligt materiale, kendetegnet ved, at grundlegemet (2) overflademodificeres til dannelse af en overflademodificering (9) 20 af et røntgenfast materiale.
DK200200217A 2002-02-13 2002-02-13 Implantat til columna og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling heraf DK175391B1 (da)

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DK200200217A DK175391B1 (da) 2002-02-13 2002-02-13 Implantat til columna og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling heraf
PCT/DK2003/000081 WO2003068111A1 (en) 2002-02-13 2003-02-08 Implant for spine and method for manufacturing same
US10/503,297 US20050107879A1 (en) 2002-02-13 2003-02-08 Implant for spine and method for manufacturing same
AT03704330T ATE361723T1 (de) 2002-02-13 2003-02-08 Wirbelsäulenimplantat
AU2003206677A AU2003206677A1 (en) 2002-02-13 2003-02-08 Implant for spine and method for manufacturing same
EP03704330A EP1474080B1 (en) 2002-02-13 2003-02-08 Implant for spine
JP2003567299A JP2005516731A (ja) 2002-02-13 2003-02-08 脊柱用インプラントおよびその製造方法
DE60313740T DE60313740T2 (de) 2002-02-13 2003-02-08 Wirbelsäulenimplantat

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JP2005516731A (ja) 2005-06-09
DE60313740T2 (de) 2008-01-24
AU2003206677A1 (en) 2003-09-04
US20050107879A1 (en) 2005-05-19
DE60313740D1 (de) 2007-06-21
EP1474080B1 (en) 2007-05-09
ATE361723T1 (de) 2007-06-15
EP1474080A1 (en) 2004-11-10
DK200200217A (da) 2003-08-14
WO2003068111A1 (en) 2003-08-21

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