DE964725C - Process for the production of foams containing urethane groups - Google Patents

Description

ISSUED MAY 29, 1957

F 12644 IVb / 39 b

Foams

The production of foams containing urethane groups in elastic, rigid or semi-rigid execution from combinations of polyesters with isocyanates and activator mixtures is known. It has now been found that the foam bodies are their production and their nature considerably improved with respect to when the activator mixture, normally consisting of emulsifiers and tertiary amines, and ¹ water, nor compounds are added which have a carbon chain of at least io carbon atoms and at least one sulfonic acid contained in the molecule. Alkali salts of sulfurized fatty acids, such as. B. Turkish red oil, sodium salt of a sulfurized castor oil, also the corresponding derivatives of sulfurization products of other unsaturated acids, such as oleic acid and linolenic acid, the fatty acids can also be used in the form of their triglycerides. Also suitable are sulfonates of fatty alcohols with more than 10 carbon atoms and alkali salts of sulfonic acids, which are formed via the sulfochlorides by sulfochlorination of hydrocarbons with more than 10 carbon atoms. By adding such compounds, which can contain up to 55% water, a more homogeneous mixing of the activator mixture, for example a tertiary amine containing ester groups according to Pa-

709 524/357

tent 950 151 or hexahydrodimethylaniline, sodium phenolate, «-aminocarboxylic acids or mixtures thereof can be achieved. By using these compounds in conjunction with the above-mentioned activators, rigid and elastic foams with extremely fine pores can be achieved, with the foam body skin remaining plastic longer, especially in the case of block production, and the skin may even harden later than the hardening of the core. As a result, aeration of the foam mixture is possible, that is, excess _{amounts of CO 2} can escape through the skin, which prevents the formation of cracks. Furthermore, by adding these compounds, the activator mixture usually used is stabilized in such a way that the mixture can be kept at least for days, whereby the production of the foams, especially on a continuous basis.

• Ao ierly working mixing apparatus, safer can be carried out.

The activator mixture is effected using these compounds and by varying those added Activator types, e.g. B. an esterification product of a tertiary amine with free O Η groups with a dicarboxylic acid or alkali metal phenolate or hexahydrodimethylaniline, one correspondingly increasing acceleration of the foaming process.

For overlay methods particularly for semi-rigid foams combinations to choose these compounds, alkali metal phenolates and Hexahydrodimethylanilin to quickly achieve a load capacity of the first foam layer as possible, so that the second foam layer proper is worn -free ¹ and also an intimate connection of the second layer with the first layer ■ is given by the still plastic skin of the first order.

A. Rigid foams

Example r

Rigid foams for the production of moldings or for filling cavities (slow peeling- • 45 process). Activator mixture of 10 parts of Turkish red oil (Water content about 55%), 1.5 parts of the ester from H-diethylethanolamine and sebacic acid.

The level of addition of the activator mixture depends on the desired density (roo to 30 kg / m ³ ) and is between 2 and 10 parts.

So z. B. with the recipe 80 parts polyester from adipic acid, phthalic acid and glycerol, hexanetriol or trimethylolpropane, 20 parts polyester from adipic acid, phthalic acid and butylene glycol, 10 parts siliceous chalk, 2 parts activator mixture, 48 to 50 parts tolylene diisocyanate a density of 100 kg / m ³ generate.
60

Example 2

For rigid foams that react very quickly, an activator mixture is used, consisting of 10 parts of the sodium salt of a sulfurized linolenic acid with a Water content of 45%, 1 part hexahydrodimethylaniline is used.

Depending on the amount of activator mixture added (5 to 2 parts), a density of 50 to 100 kg / m ³ can be achieved.

For example, for a density of 50 kg / m ³ , 100 parts of polyester mixture according to Example i, 10 parts of silica chalk, S parts of activator mixture, 60 parts of toluene diisocyanate are used, for a density of 100 kg / cm ³ , 100 parts of polyester mixture according to Example 1, 10 parts of silica chalk are used, 2 parts of activator mixture, 48 to 50 parts of tolylene diisocyanate.

Example 3

To produce rigid foams with densities between 10 and 50 kg / m ³ , an activator mixture consisting of 10 parts of the sodium or potassium salt of a sulfurized oleic acid with a water content of 50%, 1.5 parts of hexahydrodimethylaniline, is used. This foam system is particularly suitable for small moldings that have to be produced in a continuous process because the very fast reaction results in a short molding time.

For density between 25 and 30 kg / m ³ , the following approach is preferably used: 100 parts of polyester mixture according to Example 1, 10 parts of silica chalk, 10 to 11 parts of activator mixture, 90 parts of tolylene diisocyanate.

B. Semi-rigid foams

B e i s ρ i e 1 4

Semi-rigid, flame-retardant foams e.g. B. for overlays by adding from 8 to 10 parts of activator mixture, consisting of 5 parts of the sodium salt of a sulfurized oleic acid, containing 55% water, 1 part phenol, ι Part of alkali phenolate (sodium phenolate), made for polyester and diisocyanate.

The following approach is used for a density of 60 kg / m ³ : 70 parts of polyester from phthalic acid, adipic acid and butylene glycol, 30 parts of polyester from adipic acid and diethylene glycol, 10 parts of silica chalk. 20 parts of trichloroethyl phosphate, 5 parts of activator mixture, 60 parts of tolylene diisocyanate.

Example 5

With the activator mixture, consisting of 4 parts according to Example 2, 2.5 parts of the sodium salt of a sulfurized linseed oil, containing 40% water, 3 parts of the ester of H-diethylethanolamine and adipic acid, foams with a density of 50 to 30 kg / m ³ according to obtained using the following approach: 100 parts of polyester mixture according to Example 4, 10 parts of chalk, 20 parts of trichloroethyl phosphate, 9 parts of activator mixture, 65 parts of tolylene diisocyanate.

Example 6

As an additive to the polyester and isocyanate are used for production of semi-rigid foams ioo by weight per kg to 25 / m ³ activator mixtures consisting of 89 parts of the sodium salt of a sulfurized oleic acid, 50% water containing ^1, 10 parts Hexahydrodimethylanilin, 1 part of alkali metal phenolate (sodium) used.

The following approach is expediently used to achieve a density of 30 kg / m ³ : 100 parts of polyester mixture according to Example 4, 10 parts of chalk, 20 parts of trichloroethyl phosphate, 9 parts of activator mixture, 70 to 75 parts of tolylene diisocyanate.

To the

C. Resilient foams

Example 7
Production of elastic foams with

Density between 50 and 25 kg / m ³ are activator mixtures consisting of 3 parts of the sodium salt of a sulfurized oleic acid containing 50% water, 2 parts of co-aminocaproic lactam, ι part of water, 2 parts of the ester of N-di as methylethanolamine and succinic acid , recommended. The following recipe is recommended as a foam formulation: 100 parts of polyester from adipic acid, diethylene glycol and trimethylolpropane, 35 parts of tolylene diisocyanate, 6 parts of activator mixture.

Claims (3)

Patent claims: 1. Method of making urethane groups containing foams, characterized in that the foaming is in-essence of compounds that have a carbon chain of at least 10 carbon atoms and contain at least one sulfonic acid residue in the molecule. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that the foaming takes place in the simultaneous presence of alkali phenoids. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, thereby characterized that the foaming in the simultaneous presence of basic compounds, which contain a tertiary nitrogen atom takes place. © 609 736/381 12.56 (709 524/357 5. 57)