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DE893389C - Process for the catalytic refining hydrogenation of hydrocarbon oils - Google Patents

Process for the catalytic refining hydrogenation of hydrocarbon oils

Info

Publication number
DE893389C
DE893389C DEB18058A DEB0018058A DE893389C DE 893389 C DE893389 C DE 893389C DE B18058 A DEB18058 A DE B18058A DE B0018058 A DEB0018058 A DE B0018058A DE 893389 C DE893389 C DE 893389C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
group
catalyst
oxide
metals
hydrocarbon oils
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEB18058A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Wilhelm Von Dr-Ing Fuener
Helmut Dr Nonnenmacher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to DEB18058A priority Critical patent/DE893389C/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE893389C publication Critical patent/DE893389C/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10GCRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G45/00Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
    • C10G45/02Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
    • C10G45/04Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
    • C10G45/06Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/80Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with zinc, cadmium or mercury
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/02Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/04Sulfides

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Description

Verfahren zur katalytischen raffinierenden Hydrierung von Kohlenwasserstoffölen es ist bereits bekannt, die raffinierende Hydrieruing von kohlenwasserstoffölen in Gegenwart von Oxyden oder Sulfiden der Metalle der 6. bis 8. Gruppe des Periodischen Systems, insbesondere von Molybdän und bzw. oder Wolfram, die gegebenenfalls auf Trägern, wie Silicaten, Kieselsäure oder Tonerde, aufgebracht sind, durchzuführen.Process for the catalytic refining hydrogenation of hydrocarbon oils it is already known the refining hydrogenation of hydrocarbon oils in the presence of oxides or sulfides of the metals of the 6th to 8th group of the periodic Systems, in particular of molybdenum and / or tungsten, which optionally on Carriers, such as silicates, silica or alumina, are applied.

Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man bei einer guten Raffinationswirkung eine erheblich geringere Veränderung des Ausgangsstoffes erzielt, wenn man bie der raffinierenden Hydrierung als Katalysator die Oxyde oder Sulfide der Metalle der 2. Gruppe des Periodischen Systems verwendet, die mit einer kleineren Menge eines Oxyds oder Sulfids der Metalle der 5. bis 8. Gruppe, insbesondere der Eisengruppe, versehen sind. It has now been found that if the refining effect is good A significantly smaller change in the starting material is achieved if you bie the refining hydrogenation as a catalyst the oxides or sulfides of the metals of the 2nd group of the periodic table used with a smaller amount of a Oxides or sulfides of metals of the 5th to 8th group, especially the iron group, are provided.

Von Metallen der 2. Gruppe kommen Barium, Calcium, Strontium, Cadmium, Zink und Magnesium in Betracht; unter den Metallen der 5. bis 8. Gruppe eignen sich in erster Linie Vanadium, Molybdän und die Metalle der Eisengruppe, insbesondere Nickel. Praktisch wird der Katalysator so hergestellt, daß man das Oxyd Ider 2. Gruppe, z. B. Zinkoxyd, mit einer gelösten Verbindung, z. B. des Molybdäns, eisens, Nickels oder Kobalts versieht und das Gemisch anschließend durch oxydierendes Erhitzen in das entsprechende Oxydgemisch überführt. Man kann auch Schwefelverbindungen dieser Metalle verwenden, z. B. die Sulfomolybdate bzw. -wolframate, und diese durch Zersetzung in dde entsprechenden Sulfide ulmwandeln und diese dem Oxyd oder Sulfid des, MetaBls der 2. Gruppe zusetzen. Die Menge der Oxyde bzw. Sulfide der Metalle der 5. bis 8. Gruppe beträgt im allgemeinen 5 bis 30%, insbesondere 5 bis 15%, bezogen auf den Gesamtkatalysator. Metals of the 2nd group include barium, calcium, strontium, cadmium, Zinc and magnesium into consideration; among the metals of the 5th to 8th group are suitable primarily vanadium, molybdenum and the metals of the iron group, in particular Nickel. In practice, the catalyst is prepared in such a way that the oxide Ider 2. Group, e.g. B. zinc oxide, with a dissolved compound, e.g. B. of molybdenum, iron, Nickel or cobalt and then the mixture by oxidizing heating converted into the corresponding oxide mixture. One can also use sulfur compounds of these Use metals, e.g. B. the sulfomolybdates or tungstates, and these by decomposition convert them into the corresponding sulphides and convert them to the oxide or sulphide of the MetaBls add to the 2nd group. The amount of oxides or sulfides of the metals of the 5th to 8th group is generally 5 to 30%, in particular 5 to 15%, based on the total catalyst.

Vorzugsweise verwendet man ,als Katalysator ein Gemisch von Zinkoxyd mit geringen Mengen Nickeloxyd bzw. -sulfid. Man verwendet dabei vorteilhaft mindestens 700/0 Zinkoxyd und weniger als 15% Nickeloxyd bzw. -sulfid. Der Katalysator wird zweckmäßig nach seiner Herstellung noch einer Erhitzung auf mindestens 500° untwerforen, wobei es sich empfiehlt, im Strom reduzierender Gase zu arbeiten.A mixture of zinc oxide is preferably used as the catalyst with small amounts of nickel oxide or sulphide. It is advantageous to use at least 700/0 zinc oxide and less than 15% nickel oxide or sulfide. The catalyst will expediently subjected to heating to at least 500 ° after its production, it is advisable to work in a stream of reducing gases.

Als Ausgangsstoffe verwendet man schwefelhaltige Kohlenwasserstofföle, z. B. Rohbenzole, Rohöle oder Teere, sowie ihre Fraktionen, z. B. Benzine, Gasöle, Leuchtöle, Schwer- oder Schmieröle, oder ihre Rückstände. Besonders vorteilhaft sind die Katalysatoren für die bei der thermischen oder katalytischen Spaltung von Ölen erzeugten Benzine, sowie ,die bei der Druckhydrierung von Kohlen, Teeren oder Mineralölen in sumpfphase erhaltenen Benzine. Die Raffination verläuft vorteilhaft bei Temperaturen pon 250 bis 4750, insbesondere 350 bis 450°, und unter einem Druck von I bis 100 at, insbesondere 10 bis 70 at. Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, nur eine kleine Menge Wasserstoff zu verwenden. So wählt man zweckmäßig weniger als 5001 Wasserstoff, vorteilhaft 200 bis 4001 je Kilogramm Ausgangsstoff. Sulfur-containing hydrocarbon oils are used as starting materials, z. B. raw benzenes, crude oils or tars, and their fractions, z. B. Gasoline, gas oils, Luminous oils, heavy or lubricating oils, or their residues. Particularly beneficial are the catalysts for the thermal or catalytic cleavage of Petrol, as well as those used in the pressure hydrogenation of coals, tars or oils Mineral oils obtained in the sump phase, petrol. Refining is going well at temperatures pon 250 to 4750, in particular 350 to 450 °, and under a pressure from 1 to 100 at, in particular 10 to 70 at. It is particularly advantageous to use only one use small amount of hydrogen. So it is advisable to choose less than 5001 Hydrogen, advantageously 200 to 4001 per kilogram of starting material.

Der Vorteil dieser Arbeitsweise besteht darin, daß besonders bei niedrigsiedenden Kohlenwasserstoffen, wie Benzinen, die Aromaten und ungesättigten Kohlenwasserstoffe erhalten bleiben und somit keine Beeinträchtigung der Oktanzahl stattfindet. The advantage of this way of working is that especially when low-boiling hydrocarbons, such as gasolines, the aromatics and unsaturated Hydrocarbons are retained and therefore no impairment of the octane number takes place.

Beispiel I Eine Mischung von pulverförmigem Nickeloxyd, Magnesiumoxyd und Zinkoxyd im Gewichtsverhältnis 10 : 10 : 80 wurde mit Wasser angepastet, getrocknet, granuliert und gepillt. Die Pillen wurden im Wasserstoffstrom auf 530° erhitzt und auf dieser Temperatur 24 Stunden gehalten. Über diesen Katalysator wurde ein aus vorderasiatischem Rohöl hergestelltes Kra ckben zin, das einen Schwefelgehalt von 0,18%, einen Aromatengehalt von 25%, eine jodaalil von 85 und eine Oktanzahl nach der Motormethode von 6o und nach Zusatz von 0,04% Bleitetraäthyl von 69 hatte, bei einem Druck von 50 at und einer Temperatur von 358° in einer Menge von 1 kg jie Liter Katalysator und Stunde zusammen mit 4001 Wasserstoff geleitet. Das erhaltene Reacktionserzeugnis hatte einen Schwefelgehalt unter 0,02%, einen Aromatengehalt von 25%, eine Jodzahl von 60 und eine Oktanzahl nach der Motormethode von 62 bzw. nach Zusatz von 0,04% Bleitetraäthyl von 72. Example I A mixture of powdered nickel oxide, magnesium oxide and zinc oxide in a weight ratio of 10: 10: 80 was made into a paste with water, dried, granulated and pilled. The pills were heated to 530 ° in a stream of hydrogen and kept at this temperature for 24 hours. This catalyst turned on Crude oil made from crude oil from the Middle East, which has a sulfur content of 0.18%, an aromatic content of 25%, a jodaalil of 85 and an octane number according to the motor method of 6o and after addition of 0.04% tetraethyl lead of 69, at a pressure of 50 at and a temperature of 358 ° in an amount of 1 kg jie Liter of catalyst and hour passed together with 4001 of hydrogen. The received Reaction product had a sulfur content below 0.02%, an aromatic content of 25%, an iodine number of 60 and an octane number according to the engine method of 62 or after adding 0.04% tetraethyl lead of 72.

Beispiel 2 Eine Mischung von pulverförmigem Vanaldin oxyd, Magnesiumoxyd und Zinkoxyd im Gewichtsverhältnis 8 : 10 : 82 wurde mit Wasser angepastet, getrocknet, granuliert und gepillt. Die Pillen wurden im Wasserstoffstrom auf 530° erhitzt und auf dieser Temperatur 24 Stunden gehalten. Über diesen Katalysator wurde ein bei der Druckhydrierung eines vorderasiatischen Rohöls in Sumpfphase erhaltenes Benzinm das einen Schwefelgehalt von 0,12%, einen Aromatengehalt von 15%, eine Jodzabl von 38 und eine Oktanzahl nach der Motormethode von 40 und nach Zusatz von 0,04% Bleitatraäthyl von 54 hatte, bei einem Druck von 30 ast und einer Temperatur von 365 iQn einer Menge von I kg je Liter Katalysator und Stunde zusammen mit 4001 Wasserstoff geleitet. Das erhaltene Reaktionserzeugnis hatte einen schwefelgehalt unter 0,01%, einen Aromatengehalt von 15%, eine Jodzahl von 35 und eine Oktanzahl nach der Motormethode von 42 und nach Zusatz von 0,04% Bleitetraäthyl von 60. Example 2 A mixture of powdered vanaldine oxide and magnesium oxide and zinc oxide in a weight ratio of 8: 10: 82 was made into a paste with water, dried, granulated and pilled. The pills were heated to 530 ° in a stream of hydrogen and kept at this temperature for 24 hours. About this catalyst was a at petrol obtained from the pressure hydrogenation of a crude oil from the Middle East in the swamp phase that has a sulfur content of 0.12%, an aromatic content of 15%, a Jodzabl of 38 and an octane number according to the motor method of 40 and after the addition of 0.04% lead acid ethyl of 54, at a pressure of 30 ast and a temperature of 365 iQn one Amount of I kg per liter of catalyst and hour passed together with 4001 of hydrogen. The reaction product obtained had a sulfur content below 0.01%, an aromatic content of 15%, an iodine number of 35 and an octane number according to the motor method of 42 and after adding 0.04% tetraethyl lead of 60.

Claims (3)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE I. Verfahren zur katalytischen raffinierenden Hydrierung von Kohlenwasserstoffölen, insbesondere leichtsiedenden Fraktionen von Erdölen, Teeren und deren Spaltproduckten, bei Temperaturen von 250 bis 4750, bei gewöhnlichem loder vorteilhaft erhöhtem Druck, dadurch gekkennzeichnet, daß man als Katalysator die Oxyde oder Sulfide der Metalle der 2. Gruppe des - Periodischen Systems verwendet, die mit einer kleinen Menge eines Oxyds oder Sulfids der Metalle der 5. bis 8. Gruppe, insbesondere der Eisengruppe, versehen sind. PATENT CLAIMS I. Process for catalytic refining hydrogenation of hydrocarbon oils, especially low-boiling fractions of petroleum, Tars and their fission products, at temperatures from 250 to 4750, at ordinary lor advantageously increased pressure, characterized in that the catalyst the oxides or sulfides of the metals of the 2nd group of the Periodic Table are used, those with a small amount of an oxide or sulfide of the metals of the 5th to 8th group, especially the iron group. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, ddaurch gekennzeichnet, daß man einen Katalysator verwendet, der Zinkoxyd, zweckmäßig mindestens 70%, bezogen auf dien Gesamtkatalysator, und Nickeloxyd bzw. Nickelsulfid, zweckmäßig weniger als 15%, enthält. 2. The method according to claim 1, ddaurch that one Catalyst used, the zinc oxide, expediently at least 70%, based on diene Total catalyst, and nickel oxide or nickel sulfide, advantageously less than 15%, contains. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch I und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man eine Wasserstoffmenge von weniger als 5001 Wasserstoff je Kilogramm Ausgangsstoff verwendet. 3. The method according to claim I and 2, characterized in that one an amount of hydrogen of less than 500 liters of hydrogen per kilogram of starting material used.
DEB18058A 1951-12-06 1951-12-06 Process for the catalytic refining hydrogenation of hydrocarbon oils Expired DE893389C (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1026903B (en) * 1954-02-04 1958-03-27 Gulf Research Development Co Process for the treatment of sulfur-containing raw oils
DE1062861B (en) * 1955-04-15 1959-08-06 British Petroleum Co Process for the production of lubricating oils
DE1080726B (en) * 1957-05-27 1960-04-28 Max Gerhold Dipl Ing Dr Techn Process and device for the thermal or thermal-catalytic conversion of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons containing organic sulfur compounds
DE1126052B (en) * 1956-07-20 1962-03-22 British Petroleum Co Process for the production of lubricating oils with improved color and oxidation stability
DE1163478B (en) * 1955-05-02 1964-02-20 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Process for the hydrocatalytic desulphurization and refining of hydrocarbons with a high olefin content at elevated temperature under pressure
DE1165185B (en) * 1959-02-25 1964-03-12 Leuna Werke Iawalter Ulbrichti Process for the catalytic hydrogenating refining of diesel oils
DE1186163B (en) * 1958-07-25 1965-01-28 British Petroleum Co Process for the stabilization of mineral spirits

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1026903B (en) * 1954-02-04 1958-03-27 Gulf Research Development Co Process for the treatment of sulfur-containing raw oils
DE1062861B (en) * 1955-04-15 1959-08-06 British Petroleum Co Process for the production of lubricating oils
DE1163478B (en) * 1955-05-02 1964-02-20 Hydrocarbon Research Inc Process for the hydrocatalytic desulphurization and refining of hydrocarbons with a high olefin content at elevated temperature under pressure
DE1126052B (en) * 1956-07-20 1962-03-22 British Petroleum Co Process for the production of lubricating oils with improved color and oxidation stability
DE1080726B (en) * 1957-05-27 1960-04-28 Max Gerhold Dipl Ing Dr Techn Process and device for the thermal or thermal-catalytic conversion of liquid or gaseous hydrocarbons containing organic sulfur compounds
DE1186163B (en) * 1958-07-25 1965-01-28 British Petroleum Co Process for the stabilization of mineral spirits
DE1165185B (en) * 1959-02-25 1964-03-12 Leuna Werke Iawalter Ulbrichti Process for the catalytic hydrogenating refining of diesel oils

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