DE8700956U1 - Ventilation device - Google Patents

Abstract

In order that the direction of flow (15 or 29) in a ventilation apparatus fitted with a radial fan (32) can be freely selected, i.e. air both introduced and extracted from a chamber with this ventilation apparatus, the fan housing (11) of the radial fan (32) of this ventilation apparatus can be rotated through 180<o> in the housing (1), preferably supported on the front wall (2) of the housing. The inlet opening (27) of the radial fan (32) can thereby be connected either to the first flow duct (13) or the second flow duct (14), the first flow duct (13) forming the connection between the radial fan and the interior of the chamber, whilst the second flow duct (14) creates a connection between the radial fan and the atmosphere. In an intermediate rotary position, which is preferably reached in each case after 90<o> rotation, the connection between the first flow duct (13) and the second flow duct (14) is shut off so that with the drive motor switched off no natural flow through the housing (1) can occur. <IMAGE>

Description

&mdash; S &mdash;

16 726 B/Lg

Gretsch-Unitas GmbH

Building fittings

7257 Ditzingen

Ventilation device

The invention relates to a ventilation device with a radial fan, the drivable fan wheel of which is mounted in a fan housing with at least one inlet and one outlet opening
is rotatable, with a first flow channel connected to the interior of the room and a second flow channel connected to the atmosphere leading to the fan housing. Such ventilation devices are known in a wide variety of designs and sizes. Radial fans have the advantage over axial fans that they have more favorable performance characteristics. Axial fans are particularly suitable for small pressure differences.

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effective. If the blower is exposed to wind from outside, its performance is no longer _sufficient to convey the air.* On the other hand, axial blowers have the advantage of a relatively large amount of conveyed air. Furthermore, with appropriately designed blades, the direction of air flow can be reversed by reversing the direction of rotation.

** With the radial fans known to date, a reversal of the conveying direction is not possible, whereby in particular the usual curvature of the shafts of the fan wheel prevents a reversal of the direction of rotation of the latter.

The object of the invention is to further develop a ventilation device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that it can be used to both ventilate and deventilate the room equipped with it.

To solve this problem, the invention proposes that the ventilation device according to the preamble of claim 1 be designed in accordance with the characterizing part of this claim. The conversion of the radial blowers known to date fails because the inlet and outlet openings on the fan housing must be mounted in such a way that the sucked-in air must be able to flow through the fan wheel in an axial direction in order to flow out radially in the area of the "rear" end of the fan wheel via the outlet opening of the blower housing, after which it then flows into the compressed air duct that leads on and is connected to the atmosphere.

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A reversal of the direction of rotation of the fan wheel cannot therefore cause any, or at least no usable, reversal of ventilation due to the special arrangement of the inlet opening and the outlet opening ^ on the fan housing and also due to the air flow in the latter.

However, since the blower housing can be rotated or moved in such a way that its inlet opening can be assigned to the first or second flow channel, the outlet opening is then automatically assigned to the remaining flow channel, which at the same time also leads to a correct

internal air flow, it is possible to achieve with extremely little effort that the air can be conveyed from the atmosphere into the room and vice versa, so that the room equipped with this ventilation device can be ventilated or de-ventilated as required. The low effort relates both to the structural design of the ventilation device and to switching from ventilation to de-ventilation and vice versa.

A further development of the invention provides that the fan housing has a circular cylindrical outer casing on which the inlet and outlet openings are located, in particular opposite one another, whereby the circular cylindrical inner casing of the fan housing is, for example, attached eccentrically to the outer casing. The latter causes the formation of the spiral-shaped inner casing channel that is usual for radial fans. The circular cylindrical outer casing enables a simple design of the interior of the ventilation device with the two ventilation channels. In addition,

This makes it easy to prevent air leaks or at least to keep them to a minimum.

A further embodiment of the invention consists in the fact that the inlet and outlet openings of the blower housing extend over an angle of preferably approximately 90° each and the housing parts of the blower housing lying between them in the circumferential direction rest against the circular cylindrical shell-shaped inner surfaces of the device housing with at most a small amount of play. The play must be dimensioned so that the blower housing can be rotated without the need for force, but on the other hand, leakage paths for the air are avoided or at least minimized. The two openings, as mentioned, each extend over approximately 90° of the outer circumference of the blower housing. On the other hand, in order to achieve high performance, they should not be significantly smaller than 90°.

A further variant of the invention is characterized in that the inner end of the first flow channel is associated with one, in particular the lower ends of the circular cylindrical shell-shaped inner surfaces, and the inner end of the second flow channel is associated with the other ends of these inner surfaces. In conjunction with the aforementioned angular extension of the inlet and outlet openings, the inlet and outlet openings can be closed with the aid of the aforementioned circular cylindrical shell-shaped inner surfaces of the ventilation device housing in a 90° intermediate position. This then eliminates the air flow that occurs in the normal position of use of this ventilation device.

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air exchange is possible even when the drive motor is at a standstill due to the existing pressure and/or temperature difference.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the first and second flow channels extend from one another, with the outer end of the first channel preferably being assigned to the device floor and the outer end of the second channel preferably being assigned to the device rear wall. This makes this ventilation device suitable for attachment to an external wall with a corresponding wall opening that connects to the second flow channel. If the first channel begins at the device floor, this has the advantage that air deflection is eliminated, which would be necessary with a side channel opening, but the ventilation device must be a sufficiently large distance from the floor, which can be eliminated with a side or front channel end.

In a further development of the invention, the first and second flow channels are formed by insulating material, which is primarily sound insulation, which keeps fan noise and external noise at bay. The insulating material can reach up to the housing of the ventilation device or consist of an insulating layer of a flow channel made of another material. Furthermore, the channel surface can be covered with skin in the area of the insulating material.

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According to a preferred variant of the invention, the blower housing is rotatably mounted on a front wall of the device or a cover of this front wall, with the free end of the essentially tubular or pot-shaped blower housing resting on the inner surface of the device rear wall. The term "free end" here means the end of the blower housing remote from the front wall. When n.dn closes the cover or, in the case of a removable

If the fan is placed on the lid, this free end, in the closed end position of the lid or front wall, rests with its front end edge in an airtight manner against the inner surface of the rear wall pointing in the opposite direction. As the example shows, this end edge does not necessarily have to be a closed ring. Whether the fan housing has a tubular or pot-shaped shape depends on the design of the lid or front wall in this area. In the case of a pot-shaped shape, the bottom of the pot can be provided with an opening that is closed in a suitable manner./ and, for example, simplifies assembly.

A further embodiment of the invention consists in that the fan wheel of the radial fan and its drive motor are attached to the rear wall of the device, with the fan axis preferably extending horizontally perpendicular to the front and rear walls of the device. Accordingly, the four devices and the second channel then run, for example in a vertical direction, from bottom to top or vice versa. In the case of a removable housing front wall carrying the fan housing, the latter is

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Simply slide it onto the fan wheel from the housing and then fasten it. If the fan housing is firmly connected to the front wall of the housing, you must ensure that the cover is correctly aligned with the device housing due to the non-rotationally symmetrical design.

In a very advantageous manner, the blower housing is not firmly connected to the front wall of the device, but is held together in a rotationally fixed manner with a rotating member on the outside of the front wall of the device or its cover, whereby the rotating member or the blower housing is mounted in a hole in the front wall of the device or its cover. In this respect, when mounting the cover or the front wall, the blower housing does not need to be specially aligned with respect to the two channels, but rather it can be brought into the desired rotational position with the cover closed, so that the flow through the device is from the inside to the outside or from the outside to the inside.

The latter is possible in a particularly simple manner if, according to another embodiment of the invention, the rotary member has a rotary position indicator, in particular a pointer-like rotary knob, which together with an indicator scale or the like on the outside of the front wall of the device forms an indicator device for the respective rotary position. Instead of an indicator scale, a label could also be provided, for example, according to the embodiment, the label with the words "supply air", "exhaust air" or "CLOSED".

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&idigr;&iacgr;&eegr; Moreover, it contributes significantly to noise reduction if the fan housing is also made of plastic, especially with sound-insulating properties.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The drawing shows an example embodiment of the invention. This shows:

Fig. 1 The ventilation device in perspective with a view of the underside,

Fig. 2 shows an exploded view of the ventilation device open in the "exhaust air" position,

Figs.

3 and 4 Representations according to Figs. 1 and 2, but in the "supply air" position.

The ventilation device has a cuboid-shaped housing 1, which is open at the front and can be closed by means of a front wall 2 that is particularly U-shaped in cross section. The lower end of the housing in the drawing is designed as a removable ventilation grille 3. It can be surrounded by a frame 4 and can be opened in a manner not shown in detail. It expediently consists of pivoting slats.

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The GeK&Use 1 has a U-shaped outer casing 5 made of metal or sturdy plastic and a lining 6 made of soundproofing material, which is also preferably U-shaped, with the legs of the latter pointing downwards while those of the outer casing pointing forwards. The lining 6 can be made in one piece with a rear insulation panel 7 or can be hermetically sealed against it. In addition, grooves are provided on the two legs of the lining 6, which lie opposite one another and form circular cylindrical shell-shaped inner surfaces 8 and 9. When the front wall 2 is attached, the blower housing, which is connected to it so that it can rotate in the direction of the double arrow 10, rests against them with no play or with minimal play. The latter is expediently made of sound-absorbing material and, apart from its radial openings, it has a circular-cylindrical outer casing 33. Eccentrically to this, a circular-cylindrical inner casing 12 is provided, so that the wall thickness in the circumferential direction changes continuously over 180" from a maximum value to a minimum value, thus creating at least an approximate spiral shape of the blower housing, as is required for radial blowers.

When the blower housing 11 is inserted, a first channel 13 is created below the latter and a second channel 14 is created above it. In the rotational position of the blower housing 11 shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the first flow channel 13 is the inflow channel and the second flow channel 14 is the outflow channel of the ventilation device.

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In the embodiment, these two channels have a rectangular cross-section, whereby the first flow channel 13 can be slightly widened towards the ventilation grille 3. Furthermore, the plane of the ventilation grille can also run at an angle to the horizontal plane, contrary to the drawing, if the flow channel and ventilation grille are adjusted accordingly. The flow path is symbolized in Fig. 1 by the arrow 15. The room is ventilated in this setting of the fan housing 11. The room air enters the first channel via the ventilation grille 3 in the direction of the arrow 16, passes through the fan in the axial direction and then enters the second flow channel 14 radially. In this, the air flow is diverted at a right angle in order to then flow out into the atmosphere via the opening 17 in the rear wall of the housing, whereby a wall opening (not shown) or a further air nozzle can be directly connected to the opening 17. In addition, on the top of the housing there is a cover attachment 19 with a main switch 20 for switching on the fan motor 21 and a further actuating element, 22, for changing the motor speed in particular in stages. The fan motor 21 drives the impeller 23 in a known manner.

As can be clearly seen in particular from Figs. 2 and 4, the casing of the pot-shaped blower housing 11 is provided with two openings opposite one another. The upper opening in Fig. reaches up to the free front edge 24 and extends in the axial direction over approximately 2/3 to 3/4 of the housing height 25. In the circumferential direction, both this outlet opening 26, which is open at the edge, and the opening adjacent to it in the radial direction extend.

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opposite inlet opening 27 over approximately 90° or a slightly smaller angle.

The inlet opening 27 is associated with the base 28, which is preferably designed as an intermediate base, and extends from there in the axial direction over approximately 1/4 or 1/3 of the housing height 25.

In Fig. 4, the fan housing 11 is rotated by 180° compared to the position in Fig. 2. As a result, the flow direction in the ventilation device is reversed, which is symbolized by the arrow 29 (Fig. 3). The outside air flows into the second flow channel 14 in the direction of the arrow 30 and flows via the outlet opening 26 of the radial fan, which is now located at the bottom, into the first flow channel 13. It leaves this via the ventilation grille 3 and finally reaches the room equipped with this ventilation device in the direction of the arrow 31.

Because in the two rotational positions of the blower housing 11 shown in Figs. 1 and 3, the wall parts of the blower housing 11 located between the inlet opening 27 and the outlet opening 26 rest against the associated circular cylindrical shell-shaped inner surfaces 8 and 9 of the device housing 1 - whereby at most there is a clearance between the associated surfaces that enables rotation - and the air leaks are also blocked in the axial direction, the device housing is flowed through either in the direction of arrow 15 or arrow 29, depending on the direction in which the blower is conveying.

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Even when the fan is not running, an exchange of air takes place between the inlet and outlet of the ventilation device due to the difference in heat and/or pressure. On the other hand, by rotating the fan housing 11 by 90°, the inlet opening 27 and the outlet opening 26 can be assigned to the circular-cylindrical shell-shaped inner surfaces 8 and 9 respectively. Because these openings do not protrude beyond the inner surfaces 8 and 9 in the y-v circumferential direction, the natural air flow through the ventilation device is prevented in this "CLOSED" rotation position.

The blower housing 11 is connected to a rotary member 34 on the outside of the device front wall 2 in a rotationally fixed manner. The rotary member and/or the blower housing 11 passes through this front wall 2, with one of the two parts being mounted directly in a hole in the front wall 2. The rotary member 34 also has a rotary position indicator 35, which in the exemplary embodiment is a pointer-shaped rotary knob. It works in a manner not shown with an indicator scale or with corresponding fixed markings on the outside of the front wall 2, for example with the words "exhaust air", "supply air" or twice the word "CLOSED". Due to the shape of the pointer and the arrangement of these four words at an angle of 90° to each other, the respective position of the blower housing 11 and thus also the flow direction 15 or 29 can be easily recognized from the outside or the correct setting can be easily selected.

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Claims (1)

■ a u ■■ a ti i»ii &bull; a · ···· a« a «· aaa · · a 16 726 B/Lg Expectations 1» Ventilation device with a radial fan (32), the drivable fan wheel (23) of which can be rotated in a fan housing (11) with at least one inlet opening (27) and one outlet opening (26), whereby a first flow channel (13) with a flow connection to the interior of the room and a second flow channel (14) with a flow connection to the atmosphere lead to the fan housing (11), characterized in that the fan housing (11) is held so as to be rotatable or reversible and its inlet opening (27) can be connected optionally to the first flow channel (13) or the second flow channel (14), whereby the outlet opening (26) is then connected to the respective remaining flow channel (14, 13). \J2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the blower housing (11) has a circular cylindrical outer casing (33) on which the inlet opening (27) and the outlet opening (26) are located in particular opposite one another, the circular cylindrical inner casing (12) of the blower housing (11) preferably being mounted eccentrically to the outer casing (33). " · »« »t ..' (ti* ¹ Ii' 3. "Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the inlet opening (27) and the outlet opening (26) of the blower housing (11) each extend over an angle of approximately 90° and the housing parts lying between them in the circumferential direction rest against circular cylindrical shell-shaped inner surfaces (8, 9) of the device housing (1), at most with slight play. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the inner end of the first flow channel (13) is assigned to one, in particular the lower ends of the circular cylindrical shell-shaped inner surfaces (8, 9) and the inner end of the second flow channel (14) is assigned to the other ends of these inner surfaces (8, 9). 5. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second flow ' mung channel (13, 14) extend in extension from one another, wherein the outer end of the first channel (13) is preferably assigned to the device housing (3) and the outer end of the second channel (14) is preferably assigned to the device rear wall (7). 6. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and the second flow channel (13/14) are formed by insulating material. 7. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims ;. ...J H ₁ . t ,. «t t » «It · «ac t · · · ti ¹ · It r( I characterized in that the blower housing (11) is rotatably mounted on a front wall (2) of the device or a cover of these front walls, the free end (24) of the essentially tubular or pot-like blower housing (11) resting on the inner surface of the device rear wall (7). _r 8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the fan wheel (23) of the radial fan (32) and its drive motor
(21) are attached to the device rear wall (7), wherein the fan axis preferably extends in a horizontal direction, perpendicular to the device front walls (2) and rear wall (7). 9. Device according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the fan housing (11) is connected to a rotary member (34) on the
Outside of the device front wall (2) or its cover ^ is connected in a rotationally fixed manner, wherein the rotary member (34) or the blower housing (11) is mounted in a bore in the device front wall (2)
or whose lid is stored. 10. Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the rotary member (34) has a rotary position indicator (35), in particular a pointer-like rotary knob, which is connected to an indicator scale or the like on the outside of the device front wall (2).
together form a display device. 11. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims ^ characterized in that the outer end of at least the first flow channel (13) is covered by a, in particular removable, ventilation grille (3) or the like. 12. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the ventilation grille (3) is adjustable in a frame (4) or the like. is held. 13. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blower housing (11) is made of plastic, in particular with sound-insulating properties. 14. Device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the speed of the drive motor (21), in particular the electric one, is adjustable in steps or continuously.