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DE4344404A1 - Arrangement for controlling the alternating current supplied to a heating device - Google Patents

Arrangement for controlling the alternating current supplied to a heating device

Info

Publication number
DE4344404A1
DE4344404A1 DE4344404A DE4344404A DE4344404A1 DE 4344404 A1 DE4344404 A1 DE 4344404A1 DE 4344404 A DE4344404 A DE 4344404A DE 4344404 A DE4344404 A DE 4344404A DE 4344404 A1 DE4344404 A1 DE 4344404A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
switch
inductor
impedance
heating device
heater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE4344404A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Andrew Ceri Davies
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Smiths Group PLC
Original Assignee
Smiths Group PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GB939300359A external-priority patent/GB9300359D0/en
Priority claimed from GB939301215A external-priority patent/GB9301215D0/en
Application filed by Smiths Group PLC filed Critical Smiths Group PLC
Publication of DE4344404A1 publication Critical patent/DE4344404A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24HFLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00Details
    • F24H9/20Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2064Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
    • F24H9/2071Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using electrical energy supply
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1906Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device
    • G05D23/1909Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means using an analogue comparing device whose output amplitude can only take two discrete values
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05FSYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/12Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is ac

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

A control for an electrical heater 3 includes an inductor 4 with a primary coil 5 connected in series between the heater and an A.C. power supply 1. The inductor also has a secondary coil 6, which can be short circuited by a switch 8. When the switch 8 is closed the impedance of the inductor is only about 1 - 2% that of the heater so that current flow to the heater is substantially unimpeded. When the switch 8 is opened the impedance of the inductor 4 is greater than that of heater 3 so that current flow is reduced but some heating effect is still produced. With the switch 8 open, the inductor impedance may be about three times, or alternatively 50 to 100 times, that of heater 3. The switch 8 may be a manually-operated switch, a relay-operated switch, or a transistor. An additional switch 10 may be provided to prevent supply of any power to heater 3. The supply 1 may have a frequency of 400 Hz. A fan may blow air over heater 3 to produce a warm air flow. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Anordnung zur Steuerung des einer Heizvorrichtung zu­ geführten Wechselstroms.The invention relates to an arrangement for controlling a heating device led alternating current.

Elektrische Heizvorrichtungen nehmen relativ viel Strom auf, weshalb Schalter zur Steuerung derartiger Heizvorrichtungen gewöhnlich schwer und sperrig ausgeführt sind und ihre Kontakte zu elektrisch bedingter Erosion neigen. Die Steuerungsvor­ richtungen für diese Schalter sind fehlerempfindlich und ein Ausfall führt zu einem Ausfall der Heizvorrichtung. Je nach Anwendungsgebiet kann ein Ausfall der Heiz­ vorrichtung für die beheizenden Gegenstände kritische Folgen haben.Electric heaters draw a relatively large amount of electricity, which is why switches for Control of such heaters is usually heavy and bulky are and their contacts tend to electrical erosion. The control pro Directions for these switches are sensitive to errors and failure leads to one Heater failure. Depending on the application, a failure of the heating device for the heating objects have critical consequences.

Es besteht daher die Aufgabe, eine derartige Steuerungsanordnung so weiterzubil­ den, daß die Heizvorrichtung zuverlässiger gesteuert werden kann.There is therefore the task of further developing such a control arrangement that the heater can be controlled more reliably.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen sind den Unteransprüchen entnehmbar.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1. Advantageous refinements can be found in the subclaims.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung wird im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die begleitende Zeichnung näher beschrieben, welche einen schematischen Schaltplan der Anordnung zeigt.An embodiment of the invention is described below with reference to the accompanying drawing described in more detail, which is a schematic circuit diagram of the Arrangement shows.

Die Schaltung umfaßt eine Stromquelle 1, welche zwischen Erde und eine Strom­ versorgungsleitung 2 geschaltet ist. Die Stromquelle erzeugt typischerweise ein si­ nusförmiges Ausgangssignal bei einer Frequenz von 400 Hz. Die Stromversorgungs­ leitung 2 führt über einen Induktor 4 zu einem elektrischen Heizelement 3. Das Heizelement 3 kann als einfacher, spulenförmig gewickelter Draht, als Dünnfilmhei­ zelement oder in ähnlicher Weise ausgebildet sein und sich im Bereich eines Ven­ tilators befinden, welcher Luft daran vorbeibläst, um einen warmen Luftstrom zu erzeugen. Das Heizelement 3 ist zwischen die Stromversorgungsleitung 2 und Erde geschaltet. The circuit comprises a current source 1 , which is connected between ground and a power supply line 2 . The current source typically generates a sinusoidal output signal at a frequency of 400 Hz. The power supply line 2 leads via an inductor 4 to an electrical heating element 3 . The heating element 3 can be designed as a simple, coil-shaped wire, as a thin-film heating element or in a similar manner and are located in the region of a fan which blows air past it in order to generate a warm air flow. The heating element 3 is connected between the power supply line 2 and earth.

Der Induktor 4 umfaßt eine Primärspule 5 und eine Sekundärspule 6, welche durch einen Weicheisen- oder Ferritstab 7 nach Art eines Transformators magnetisch mit­ einander gekoppelt sind. Die gegenüberliegenden Anschlüsse der Primärspule 5 sind in Serie in die Stromversorgungsleitung 2 geschaltet. Zwischen die Anschlüsse der Sekundärspule 6 ist ein Schalter 8 geschaltet. Der Schalter 8 kann ein einfacher, handbetätigbarer, elektromechanischer Schalter sein. Alternativ hierzu kann der Schalter als elektrisch betätigtes Relais oder als elektronischer Schalter, beispiels­ weise als Schalttransistor, ausgebildet sein.The inductor 4 comprises a primary coil 5 and a secondary coil 6 , which are magnetically coupled to one another by a soft iron or ferrite rod 7 in the manner of a transformer. The opposite connections of the primary coil 5 are connected in series in the power supply line 2 . A switch 8 is connected between the connections of the secondary coil 6 . The switch 8 can be a simple, hand-operated, electromechanical switch. Alternatively, the switch can be designed as an electrically operated relay or as an electronic switch, for example as a switching transistor.

Wenn der Schalter 8 beim Betrieb der Vorrichtung geschlossen ist, ist die Impedanz des Induktors 4, verglichen mit der Impedanz des Heizelements 3, relativ gering und liegt typischerweise im Bereich von 1 bis 2% der Impedanz des Heizelements. Wenn der Schalter 8 offen ist, steigt die Impedanz des Induktors 4 erheblich an und nimmt etwa den dreifachen Wert der Impedanz des Heizelements an, so daß das Heiz­ element, obwohl die Heizleistung erheblich vermindert ist, immer noch genug Strom aufnimmt, um einen geringen Heizeffekt zu bewirken. Auf diese Weise wird eine Grundheizung auch dann aufrechterhalten, wenn die Steuerungsanlage fehlerhaft arbeitet und der Schalter 8 dadurch geöffnet ist. Die Impedanz des Induktors 4 im geöffneten Zustand des Schalters kann für verschiedene Anwendungsfälle, bei welchen eine größere oder geringere Grundheizleistung benötigt wird, verschieden groß sein. Wenn beispielsweise eine geringere Grundheizleistung benötigt wird, kann die Impedanz des Induktors, wenn der Schalter 8 offen ist, fünfzig- bis hundertmal größer sein als die Impedanz des Heizelements 3.When the switch 8 is closed when the device is operating, the impedance of the inductor 4 is relatively low compared to the impedance of the heating element 3 and is typically in the range of 1 to 2% of the impedance of the heating element. When the switch 8 is open, the impedance of the inductor 4 increases significantly and increases to approximately three times the impedance of the heating element, so that the heating element, although the heating power is significantly reduced, still draws enough current to have a low heating effect to effect. In this way, basic heating is maintained even if the control system is working incorrectly and the switch 8 is thereby opened. The impedance of the inductor 4 when the switch is open can be of different sizes for different applications in which a higher or lower basic heating power is required. If, for example, a lower basic heating power is required, the impedance of the inductor when the switch 8 is open can be fifty to one hundred times greater than the impedance of the heating element 3 .

Die Schaltung kann auch einen zusätzlichen Schalter 10 aufweisen, welcher in die Stromversorgungsleitung 2 eingeschaltet ist und mit welchem die gesamte Heizung abgeschaltet werden kann.The circuit can also have an additional switch 10 which is switched on in the power supply line 2 and with which the entire heating can be switched off.

Claims (7)

1. Anordnung zur Steuerung des einer Heizvorrichtung (3) zugeführten Wech­ selstroms, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Induktor (4) mit einer Primärspule (5) und einer Sekundärspule (6) aufweist, wobei die Primärspule in Serie zwischen einer Wechselstromquelle (1) und der Heizvorrichtung (3) geschaltet ist, an die beiden Anschlüsse der Sekundärspule (6) ein Schalter (8) angeschlossen ist, durch welchen die Sekundärspule (6) kurzgeschlossen werden kann, wodurch der Induktor (4) bei geschlossenem Schalter (8) eine geringe Impedanz aufweist und einen im wesentlichen freien Stromfluß zu der Heizvorrichtung erlaubt und der Induktor (4) bei geöffnetem Schalter (8) eine höhere Impedanz aufweist, wodurch der Stromfluß durch die Heizvorrichtung (3) reduziert, jedoch immer noch groß genug ist, um bei der Heizvorrichtung (3) einen Heizeffekt zu bewirken.1. Arrangement for controlling the alternating current supplied to a heating device ( 3 ), characterized in that it has an inductor ( 4 ) with a primary coil ( 5 ) and a secondary coil ( 6 ), the primary coil being connected in series between an alternating current source ( 1 ) and the heating device ( 3 ) is connected, to the two connections of the secondary coil ( 6 ) a switch ( 8 ) is connected, through which the secondary coil ( 6 ) can be short-circuited, whereby the inductor ( 4 ) when the switch ( 8 ) is closed has low impedance and allows a substantially free flow of current to the heating device and the inductor ( 4 ) has a higher impedance when the switch ( 8 ) is open, whereby the flow of current through the heating device ( 3 ) is reduced, but is still large enough to be the heating device ( 3 ) to cause a heating effect. 2. Anordnung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schalter (8) ein elektromechanischer Schalter ist.2. Arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the switch ( 8 ) is an electromechanical switch. 3. Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Impedanz des Induktors (4) bei geschlossenem Schalter (8) etwa 1 bis 2% der Impedanz der Heizvorrichtung (3) beträgt.3. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the impedance of the inductor ( 4 ) when the switch ( 8 ) is closed is approximately 1 to 2% of the impedance of the heating device ( 3 ). 4. Anordnung nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß die Impedanz des Induktors (4) bei geöffnetem Schalter (8) größer ist als die der Heizvorrichtung (3).4. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impedance of the inductor ( 4 ) when the switch ( 8 ) is open is greater than that of the heating device ( 3 ). 5. Anordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Impedanz des Induktors (4) bei geöffnetem Schalter (8) etwa dreimal so groß ist wie die Impedanz der Heizvorrichtung (3). 5. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the impedance of the inductor ( 4 ) when the switch ( 8 ) is open is approximately three times as large as the impedance of the heating device ( 3 ). 6. Anordnung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Impedanz des Induktors (4) bei geöffnetem Schalter (8) etwa fünfzig bis hundermal so groß ist wie die Impedanz der Heizvorrichtung (3).6. Arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the impedance of the inductor ( 4 ) when the switch ( 8 ) is open is approximately fifty to hundreds of times as large as the impedance of the heating device ( 3 ). 7. Anordnung nach einem der voranstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekenn­ zeichnet, daß sie einen zusätzlichen Schalter (10) aufweist, der im geöffneten Zustand den Stromfluß zu der Heizvorrichtung (3) unterbricht.7. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has an additional switch ( 10 ) which interrupts the current flow to the heating device ( 3 ) in the open state.
DE4344404A 1993-01-09 1993-12-24 Arrangement for controlling the alternating current supplied to a heating device Withdrawn DE4344404A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB939300359A GB9300359D0 (en) 1993-01-09 1993-01-09 Controlling ac current
GB939301215A GB9301215D0 (en) 1993-01-22 1993-01-22 Controlling ac current

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE4344404A1 true DE4344404A1 (en) 1994-07-14

Family

ID=26302279

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DE4344404A Withdrawn DE4344404A1 (en) 1993-01-09 1993-12-24 Arrangement for controlling the alternating current supplied to a heating device

Country Status (3)

Country Link
DE (1) DE4344404A1 (en)
FR (1) FR2700427A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2274219A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103542531B (en) * 2012-07-12 2016-04-06 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Electric heater with fan, control method and circuit thereof and household appliance

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB593432A (en) * 1945-02-23 1947-10-16 Frederick Cecil Heayberd Improvements in and relating to the fine control of current and voltage in alternating current electric circuits
GB739045A (en) * 1951-06-08 1955-10-26 Thorn Electrical Ind Ltd Improvements in dimming circuits for electric discharge lamps
GB1097427A (en) * 1965-04-05 1968-01-03 Takao Kawabe Improvements in or relating to starters for alternating current motors
US3602788A (en) * 1969-11-13 1971-08-31 Takao Kawabe Multistage voltage regulating apparatus for alternating current machines
GB1525924A (en) * 1975-10-23 1978-09-27 Spall G Electrical controller
US4147962A (en) * 1977-12-19 1979-04-03 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Energy-conserving illumination system
AU6788581A (en) * 1980-03-13 1981-09-23 Santoku Giken K.K. Electric power control device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB9325024D0 (en) 1994-02-02
GB2274219A (en) 1994-07-13
FR2700427A1 (en) 1994-07-13

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