DE3900826C2 - Process for washing clothes in a washing machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for washing laundry in a washing machine according to the preamble of the claim 1.

As is well known, this has to be solved after washing Detergents, d. H. soaked with dirty lye Items to be washed. The washing result is all the more the better the more that is contained in the fabric fibers Detergent is diluted and removed. An almost 100% Exchange of this so-called bound fleet with the Rinse water is the aim here.

A method has become known from DE 29 49 254 A1, which u. a. the addition of detergent or detergent and the Water supply in automatic washing and Dishwashers monitored. Here, optical Detergent containing brightener or cleaning or Detergent with fluorescent substances used.

An optoelectric sensor registers with the help of a Evaluation circuit the changing concentration aforementioned indicators in the washing or rinsing liquor. At A certain value will be exceeded Dosing interrupted. However, the concentration drops to a predetermined level during the wash or rinse cycle Minimum value is determined by the sensor and its  Evaluation circuit the program control unit of the machine controlled that further water changes and rinse cycles be hidden.

The implementation of such a method in practice is very expensive and requires exclusive use special detergent, dishwashing detergent or cleaning agent.

DE-OS 20 44 478 is a rinsing process known for washing machines with whose help Rinse time and amount of rinse water should be reduced. Here, after draining the wash liquor into the tub the washing machine water until a certain one Level inserted, then the laundry container alternately turned back and forth and at the same time more Water until reaching a second predetermined Levels taken in. Then water alternately from this second to a lower third level removed and approved, with the laundry container at the same time  turn alternately back and forth. Finally the water is completely out of the tub of the washing machine drained.

The circuit and component effort for this control is considerably. In addition, since only solid given water levels exist, neither Amount of laundry load still its pumping speed considered; d. H. much or little laundry is always with the same and often determines an unnecessarily large amount of water rinsed.

The invention is based on the object Rinsing procedure too create in which an optimal rinsing effect Use as little water as possible, even with small loads, is achieved.

This object, according to the invention, is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 1 solved. A advantageous embodiment of the invention To see subclaim.

The advantages that can be achieved with the invention exist especially in that the required and in several Total rinse water volume divided in Dependence on the absorbency and thus also in Depending on the weight of the laundry is determined. In order to ensures that never too much and never too little Rinse water is used. A flawless and optimal The washing result is always achieved. Even small ones Loads with low absorbency (up to 2 liters tied fleet) is the dependency of the Rinse water quantity measurement still given. Water saving is the consequence.

An embodiment of the invention is based on a Table and the resulting diagrams and described in more detail below.

It shows

Fig. 1 is a summary table in which are a function of the bound liquor and the number determined by experiments reproduced by rinses optimum cleaning results determinants,

Fig. 2 is a diagram with the number of rinse cycles to be carried out in function of the bound liquor,

Fig. 3 shows a diagram with the required total quantity of flush water depending on the bound liquor,

Fig. 4 is a diagram showing the Spülfaktor function of the bound liquor,

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the overall Spülfaktor function of the bound liquor.

The basic idea of the process is, as before mentioned, the rinse cycles primarily on the size or depending on the amount of the bound fleet. The bound fleet is known to be the one Amount of lye, which the laundry due to its Is able to bind absorbency. The quantity of the bound fleet depends on the Weight of the laundry or its quantity and the type of laundry or their pumping speed.

A device or design-related minimum flushing water quantity be undercut. To rinse it in the drum  immerse the laundry in the rinse water, d. H. of the Lye tub is closed over the lower edge of the drum fill. In the procedure described below 10 to 12.5 liters per wash Minimum rinse liquid set after each rinse pumped out and by the same amount of fresh water be replaced. In continuation of the basic idea is the The number of rinses required also depends on the size dependent on the tied fleet. The number of rinses determines the washing result, whereby as mentioned at the beginning good washing result through an (almost) 100% exchange of the bound fleet with the total amount of rinse water is determined.

Based on two simple calculation examples Rinse result (or the percentage dilution of the Initial detergent concentration or the exchange of bound fleet with the total amount of rinse water) Depends on the number of rinses performed explained. (In the numerical example, values other than in based on the diagrams. It only serves the Illustration regarding the rinsing effect.)

Precondition: At the beginning of the rinsing, there are 5 liters bound liquor dissolved 5 grams of detergent. The corresponds to a detergent concentration of 1 gram Detergent per liter of water = 100%.

First case

A total flushing water volume of 60 liters is provided with three rinse cycles. That is, 20 liters per wash cycle Water of the soaked with 5 liters and 100% lye Laundry fed.  

First rinse cycle with 20 liters of fresh water:
In the tub and in the laundry drum there are now 25 liters of lye with 5 grams of detergent or

Only 20 can then be removed from the device or lye tub Liters of 20% lye are pumped out. (5 liters bound Soak with 5 × 0.2 grams = 1 gram of detergent in the laundry.)

Second rinse with 20 liters of fresh water:
In the tub and in the laundry drum there are now 25 liters of lye with only 1 gram of detergent or

Only 20 liters can then be extracted from the tub 4% lye are pumped out. (5 liters of bound fleet with 5 × 0.04 grams = 0.2 grams of detergent remain in the Laundry.)

Third rinse cycle with 20 liters of fresh water:
Finally, in the tub and in the laundry drum there are 25 liters of lye with only 0.2 grams of detergent or dissolved

After pumping off the remaining 20 liters of 0.8% lye 5 liters of bound liquor with 5 × 0.008 grams remain 0.04 grams of detergent.  

Result: After three rinse cycles of 20 liters each, one was carried out Dilution from 100% to 0.8% of the detergent concentration or from the tied fleet were from the initial 5 grams of detergent 4.96 grams rinsed out.

Second case

The same total flushing water amount of 60 liters is now divided into 4 rinse cycles. Be per wash cycle now 15 liters of fresh water each with 5 liters and to Start with fully soaked laundry.

First rinse with 15 liters of fresh water:
In the tub and in the laundry drum there are now 20 liters of lye with 5 grams of detergent or

Then only 15 liters of the 25% lye can be pumped out. (5 liters of bound fleet with 5 × 0.25 grams = 1.25 grams of detergent remain in the Laundry.)

Second rinse cycle with 15 liters of fresh water:
There are now 20 liters of lye with 1.25 grams of detergent or in the tub and in the laundry drum

Then only 15 liters of the 6.25% lye are pumped out. (5 liters of bound fleet with 5 × 0.0625 grams = 0.3125 grams of detergent remain in the laundry.)  

Third rinse cycle with 15 liters of fresh water:
In the tub and in the laundry drum there are now 20 liters with 0.3125 grams of dissolved detergent or

Only 15 can then be extracted from the tub Liters of 1.56% lye are pumped out. (5 liters bound Broth with 5 × 0.0156 grams = 0.0781 grams of detergent remain in the laundry.)

Fourth rinse with 15 liters of fresh water:
In the tub and in the washing drum there are now 20 liters with detergent or 0.0781 grams dissolved

After the final 15 liters have been pumped out 0.39% lye leaves 5 liters of bound liquor with 5 × 0.0039 grams = 0.0195 grams of detergent dissolved in Laundry.

Result: After four rinse cycles of 15 liters each, one was carried out Dilution from 100% to 0.39% of the detergent concentration or from the tied fleet were from the initial 5 grams of detergent 4.9805 grams of detergent rinsed out.

Quantities were only compared to the first case 0.0205 grams more detergent from the bound liquor rinsed out, relatively speaking, but the result of the Detergent concentration dilution from 0.80% to 0.39%, that's more than 100%, improved. When distributing a constant total rinse water volume from 3 to 4 rinse cycles  a much more thorough rinsing or with in other words: the rinsing effect is worse, ever fewer rinses with the same basic conditions and same total amount of rinse water.

In close connection with the sizes explained above such as Total amount of rinsing water, number of rinses and amount of bound fleet is the so-called rinse factor and the Total rinse factor. Both are dimensionless numbers and decisive for optimal washing results.

The rinsing factor is calculated from:

The total flushing factor is calculated from:

Rinse factors and total rinse factor are also from selected washing program or depend on it matched varies. The amount of water per rinse is now the device-specific or construction-related, just possible Minimum flushing water quantity adjusted. It must be sure that the washing drum is still sufficient dipped deep into the wash water. The required total The amount of rinsing water depends on the amount of load and the Type of laundry or as already mentioned several times by the amount of the bound fleet.

The diagrams according to FIGS. 2 to 5 serve to illustrate the aforementioned.

Due to the non-linearity of the curve according to FIG. 2, "Bound liquor = f (number of wash cycles)", which is particularly pronounced in the lower region, it is ensured that an optimal rinsing effect is achieved even with small loads (up to 2 liters bound liquor).

Claims (2)

1. A method for washing laundry in a washing machine with a device for determining the amount of the bound liquor, characterized in that the number of rinses and the total amount of rinsing water are reduced so that the ratio of the total amount of rinsing water to the amount of bound in a smaller amount of bound liquor Fleet increases. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the individual rinse cycles with a washing machine-specific minimum amount of rinse water be performed.