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DE3833776A1 - Apparatus for the extrusion of a thermoplastic melt - Google Patents

Apparatus for the extrusion of a thermoplastic melt

Info

Publication number
DE3833776A1
DE3833776A1 DE3833776A DE3833776A DE3833776A1 DE 3833776 A1 DE3833776 A1 DE 3833776A1 DE 3833776 A DE3833776 A DE 3833776A DE 3833776 A DE3833776 A DE 3833776A DE 3833776 A1 DE3833776 A1 DE 3833776A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
extruder
gear pump
melt
speed
pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
DE3833776A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE3833776C2 (en
Inventor
Egon Dipl Ing Gathmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Oerlikon Barmag AG
Original Assignee
Barmag AG
Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Barmag AG, Barmag Barmer Maschinenfabrik AG filed Critical Barmag AG
Priority to DE3833776A priority Critical patent/DE3833776C2/en
Publication of DE3833776A1 publication Critical patent/DE3833776A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE3833776C2 publication Critical patent/DE3833776C2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/83—Heating or cooling the cylinders
    • B29C48/832—Heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/365—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using pumps, e.g. piston pumps
    • B29C48/37—Gear pumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/375—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages
    • B29C48/387—Plasticisers, homogenisers or feeders comprising two or more stages using a screw extruder and a gear pump
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92019—Pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92038—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92047—Energy, power, electric current or voltage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92085—Velocity
    • B29C2948/92095—Angular velocity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92009—Measured parameter
    • B29C2948/92209—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
    • B29C2948/92361—Extrusion unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92323—Location or phase of measurement
    • B29C2948/92361—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/9238—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/9239—Screw or gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92514—Pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92533—Torque
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/9258—Velocity
    • B29C2948/9259—Angular velocity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504—Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704—Temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92828—Raw material handling or dosing, e.g. active hopper or feeding device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00—Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819—Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857—Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876—Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/92885—Screw or gear
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/69—Filters or screens for the moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50—Details of extruders
    • B29C48/69—Filters or screens for the moulding material
    • B29C48/693—Substantially flat filters mounted at the end of an extruder screw perpendicular to the feed axis

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The apparatus comprises the series connection of a metering device (1), an extruder (2) and a gear pump (4). By this apparatus, the melt is discharged under high pressure. In order to coordinate the individual elements of this apparatus with one another, the gear pump (4) is driven at constant speed. The melt pressure between extruder (2) and gear pump is controlled to keep at a constant value by the speed of the extruder being controlled as a function of the melt pressure. The torque of the extruder screw is controlled by the metering rate of the metering device (1) being changed as a function of the torque of the extruder screw. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Vorrichtung nach dem Oberbegriff des ersten Anspruchs.The invention relates to a device according to the Preamble of the first claim.

Diese Vorrichtung ist bekannt durch die DE-A 31 33 647 (vgl. auch GB 12 42 733 (= US- 36 49 147); US- 28 67 004).This device is known from DE-A 31 33 647 (cf. also GB 12 42 733 (= US-36 49 147); US 28 67 004).

Die Erfindung betrifft jedoch vor allem Ein-Schnecken- Extruder.However, the invention relates primarily to single-screw Extruder.

Die kaskadenförmige Hintereinanderschaltung eines Extruders und einer Pumpe hat den Vorteil, daß der Austrag der thermo­ plastischen Schmelze mit großer Gleichmäßigkeit des Mate­ rials, der Temperatur und des Drucks auch gegen hohen Druck erfolgen kann. Insbesondere ist es möglich, den Extruder im adiabatischen Betrieb, d. h. bei hohen Drehzahlen und hoher Scherleistung zu fahren, so daß auch mit einem kleinen Extru­ der und bei geringer Leistung ein hoher Ausstoß erzielt werden kann. Der Nachteil ist jedoch, daß hierbei eine Druck­ regelung des Schmelzedrucks zwischen Extruder und Pumpe erfolgen muß, indem die Drehzahl des Extruders entsprechend nachgestellt wird. Dadurch verliert man bei dem adiabatischen Extruder die Möglichkeit, die Scherleistung und damit die Aufschmelzleistung zu beeinflussen, um einerseits ausreichend hohe Schmelztemperaturen zu erzielen, eine Überhitzung andererseits aber zu vermeiden.The cascade connection of an extruder and a pump has the advantage that the discharge of the thermo plastic melt with great uniformity of the mate rials, temperature and pressure even against high pressure can be done. In particular, it is possible to use the extruder in adiabatic operation, d. H. at high speeds and high Shear performance to drive, so even with a small extru which achieves a high output with low output can be. The disadvantage, however, is that this creates pressure regulation of the melt pressure between extruder and pump must be done by changing the speed of the extruder accordingly is adjusted. As a result, you lose with the adiabatic Extruder the possibility of shear performance and thus the Influence melting performance, on the one hand, sufficient to achieve high melting temperatures, overheating on the other hand to be avoided.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, die Vorrichtung so auszuge­ stalten, daß die Temperatur der Schmelze beeinflußt werden kann.The object of the invention is to extract the device in this way stalten that the temperature of the melt are affected can.

Die Lösung ergibt sich aus dem Kennzeichen von Anspruch 1. Dabei ergibt sich, daß der Extruder "unterfüttert" gefahren wird. Das heißt: Die Dosiereinrichtung ist so eingestellt, daß der Extruder nicht vollständig gefüllt wird. Dadurch ergibt sich die Möglichkeit, das Drehmoment des Extruders, welches ein Maß für die Scherleistung ist, durch entspre­ chende Verstellung der mittels der Dosiereinrichtung zuge­ führten Menge des thermoplastischen Materials so zu verstel­ len und einzustellen, daß vorgegebene Temperaturwerte erzielt werden.The solution results from the characterizing part of claim 1. The result is that the extruder is "relined"  becomes. That means: the dosing device is set so that the extruder is not completely filled. Thereby the possibility arises, the torque of the extruder, which is a measure of the shear performance by appropriate adjustment of the supplied by means of the metering device led to an increase in the amount of thermoplastic material len and adjust that predefined temperature values are achieved will.

Das Drehmoment der Extruderschnecke kann z. B. durch Messung des vom Antriebsmotor aufgenommenen Stroms gemessen werden.The torque of the extruder screw can e.g. B. by measurement of the current drawn by the drive motor can be measured.

Es erfolgt sodann eine Sollwertvorgabe des Stroms und die zugeführte Menge des thermoplastischen Materials wird so ein­ gestellt, daß der gemessene Strom dem Sollwert entspricht.There is then a setpoint specification of the current and the supplied amount of the thermoplastic material becomes such set that the measured current corresponds to the setpoint.

Eine weitere Beherrschung der Verfahrensführung wird dadurch erzielt, daß auch die Temperatur der Schmelze entweder im Endbereich des Extruders oder zwischen Extruder und Pumpe oder hinter der Pumpe gemessen und die Sollwertvorgabe, die das Drehmoment repräsentiert, also z. B. die Sollwertvorgabe des Stroms des Antriebsmotors, so nachverstellt wird, daß die Temperatur innerhalb der vorgegebenen Grenzen bleibt.This leads to further control of the process achieved that the temperature of the melt either in End area of the extruder or between extruder and pump or measured behind the pump and the setpoint that represents the torque, e.g. B. the setpoint the current of the drive motor, is adjusted so that the Temperature remains within the specified limits.

Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung beschrieben.The following is an embodiment of the invention described.

Die Vorrichtung zum Extrudieren thermoplastischer Massen besteht ausThe device for extruding thermoplastic materials consists

  • 1. Dosiereinrichtung,1. dosing device,
  • 2. Extruder,2. extruder,
  • 3. Filter,3. filter,
  • 4. Zahnrad­ pumpe,4th gear pump,
  • 5. Extrusionswerkzeug.5. Extrusion tool.

Bei der Dosiereinrichtung 1 kann es sich z. B. um eine Förder­ schnecke handeln, die durch einen Motor 7 angetrieben wird. Die Dosiereinrichtung 1 wird über Trichter 8 mit einem Granu­ lat des thermoplastischen Materials beschickt. Die Förder­ schnecke ist so ausgelegt, daß keine oder nur eine geringfü­ gige Plastifizierung und Erwärmung des thermoplastischen Materials erfolgt. Durch Meßgerät 9 wird die Drehzahl des Antriebsmotors 7 gemessen und mit einem vorgegebenen Sollwert n soll sowie einem weiteren Signal 11 verglichen. Das Ver­ gleichssignal wird dem Leistungsregler 10 zur Ausregelung der Drehzahl aufgegeben. Auf die Erzeugung und Bedeutung des Signals 11 wird später eingegangen.In the metering device 1 , it can be, for. B. act as a conveyor screw, which is driven by a motor 7 . The dosing device 1 is fed via funnel 8 with a granulate of the thermoplastic material. The conveyor screw is designed so that there is little or no plasticization and heating of the thermoplastic material. By measuring device 9, the speed of the drive motor 7 is measured and is n with a predetermined reference value, and a further signal 11 are compared. The comparison signal is given to the power controller 10 for regulating the speed. The generation and meaning of signal 11 will be discussed later.

Das aus der Dosiereinrichtung 1 ausgetragene Granulat wird über Trichter 12 dem Extruder zugeführt. Der Extruder 2 wird durch Motor 13 mit hoher Drehzahl angetrieben. Die (nicht dargestellte) Schnecke des Extruders 2 ist so ausgelegt, daß bei der vorgegebenen hohen Drehzahl eine sehr hohe Scher­ leistung erbracht werden kann. Daher ist der Extruder ohne weitere Wärmezufuhr in der Lage, das zugeführte thermopla­ stische Material aufzuschmelzen. Der Extruder arbeitet also adiabatisch. Die Schmelze wird durch Filter 3 gefiltert und sodann durch die Zahnradpumpe gegen den hohen Druck eines Werkzeuges 5 z. B. als Folie 6 ausgetragen.The granules discharged from the metering device 1 are fed to the extruder via funnel 12 . The extruder 2 is driven by motor 13 at high speed. The (not shown) screw of the extruder 2 is designed so that a very high shear performance can be achieved at the predetermined high speed. Therefore, the extruder is able to melt the supplied thermoplastic material without additional heat. The extruder works adiabatically. The melt is filtered by filter 3 and then by the gear pump against the high pressure of a tool 5 z. B. discharged as a film 6 .

Die Schnecke des Extruders 2 benötigt an ihrem Ende keine Druckaufbauzone und allenfalls eine kurze Homogenisierzone, da beide Funktionen vor allem durch die nachfolgende Zahnrad­ pumpe 4 erfüllt werden. Die Zahnradpumpe 4 wird durch einen nicht dargestellten Antriebsmotor über Leistungsregler 14 mit konstanter Drehzahl angetrieben. Daher ist der Ausstoß der Zahnradpumpe 4 sowie der gegen das Extrusionswerkzeug 5 erzeugte Schmelzedruck konstant.The screw of the extruder 2 does not need a pressure build-up zone at its end and, if need be, a short homogenization zone, since both functions are primarily performed by the following gear pump 4 . The gear pump 4 is driven by a drive motor, not shown, via a power controller 14 at a constant speed. Therefore, the output of the gear pump 4 and the melt pressure generated against the extrusion tool 5 is constant.

Zwischen dem Ausgang des Extruders 2 und dem Filter 3 ist ein Drucksensor vorgesehen, durch den der Druck p 1 der aus dem Extruder austretenden thermoplastischen Schmelze ermittelt wird. Es sei hinzugefügt, daß der Druck verhältnismäßig nied­ rig ist und z. B. 30 bar beträgt. A pressure sensor is provided between the outlet of the extruder 2 and the filter 3 , by means of which the pressure p 1 of the thermoplastic melt emerging from the extruder is determined. It should be added that the pressure is relatively low rig and z. B. is 30 bar.

Das Meßsignal des Drucks wird über einen Wandler 15 einem Regler 16 zugeführt. In dem Regler 16 wird zum einen der Sollwert n soll der Extruderdrehzahl und der gemessene Istwert n mess der Extruderdrehzahl miteinander verglichen. Dabei wird die Sollwertdrehzahl des Extruders nachgesteuert durch das Drucksignal 17. Das entstehende Ausgangssignal 18 ist der Strom, mit dem der Extrudermotor 13 beaufschlagt wird. Durch diese Rückführung des Schmelzedrucks zwischen Extruder 2 und Filter 3 wird bewirkt, daß der Druck vor dem Filter 3 kon­ stant bleibt.The measurement signal of the pressure is fed to a controller 16 via a converter 15 . In the controller 16 the set point is the one to n, the extruder speed and the measured actual value n compared measuring the extruder speed. The setpoint speed of the extruder is readjusted by the pressure signal 17 . The resulting output signal 18 is the current which is applied to the extruder motor 13 . This feedback of the melt pressure between extruder 2 and filter 3 causes the pressure upstream of the filter 3 to remain constant.

Der Strom I ist, , der dem Extrudermotor 13 aufgegeben wird, ist gleichzeitig ein Maß für die augenblickliche Scherleistung des Extruders. Dieser Strom wird durch Meßeinrichtung 19 gemessen. Das Ausgangssignal I mess wird mit einem Sollwert­ signal I soll verglichen. Das Differenzsignal ist das bereits zuvor erwähnte Signal 11, das gemeinsam mit dem Signal n mess und dem Signal n soll der Dosiereinrichtung aufgegeben wird. Durch diese Rückführung des Drehmoment-Meßsignales auf den Antrieb der Dosiereinrichtung wird erreicht, daß stets so viel thermoplastische Masse dem Extruder zugeführt wird, daß die Scherleistung des Extruders konstant bleibt. Durch Ein­ stellung des Sollwertes des Drehmoments bzw. Stroms I soll kann die Scherleistung und damit auch die der thermopla­ stischen Masse zugeführte Wärme und die in der thermopla­ stischen Masse erzielte Temperatur eingestellt werden.The current I ist, which is given to the extruder motor 13 , is also a measure of the instantaneous shear rate of the extruder. This current is measured by measuring device 19 . The output signal I mess is compared with a setpoint signal I soll . The difference signal is the signal 11 already mentioned, which is given to the metering device together with the signal n mess and the signal n should . This feedback of the torque measurement signal to the drive of the metering device ensures that so much thermoplastic material is always fed to the extruder that the shear rate of the extruder remains constant. By setting the target value of the torque or current I should , the shear power and thus also the heat supplied to the thermoplastic mass and the temperature achieved in the thermoplastic mass can be adjusted.

Zusätzlich ist auch eine Überwachung der Temperatur möglich. Hierzu ist zwischen dem Extruderausgang und dem Filter 3 ein Temperaturmeßelement vorgesehen. Das Temperatursignal t ist wird über einen Wandler in das Temperatursignal t mess umge­ formt. Das Temperatursignal t mess wird mit dem eingestellten Sollwert I soll verglichen. Erst das Differenzsignal wird mit dem Drehmoment-Meßwert I mess verglichen und zur Einstellung der Drehzahl des Dosiergerätes benutzt. Die zugeführte Dosiermenge wird also zusätzlich so eingestellt, daß eine bestimmte Sollwert-Temperatur t soll erreicht wird. Temperature monitoring is also possible. For this purpose, a temperature measuring element is provided between the extruder outlet and the filter 3 . The temperature signal t ist is converted into the temperature signal t mess via a converter. The temperature signal t mess is to the set value I compared. Only the difference signal is compared with the measured torque value I mess and used to set the speed of the metering device. The metered quantity supplied is therefore additionally set such that a specific setpoint temperature t setpoint is reached.

BezugszeichenaufstellungList of reference symbols

1 Dosiereinrichtung
2 Extruder
3 Filter
4 Zahnradpumpe
5 Extrusionswerkzeug
6 Folie
7 Antriebsmotor
8 Trichter
9 Meßgerät
10 Leistungsregler
11 Signal
12 Trichter
13 Motor
14 Leistungsregler
15 Wandler
16 Regler
17 Drucksignal
18 Ausgangssignal
19 Meßeinrichtung
20 Vergleichseinrichtung 1 dosing device
2 extruders
3 filters
4 gear pump
5 extrusion tool
6 slide
7 drive motor
8 funnels
9 measuring device
10 power controllers
11 signal
12 funnels
13 engine
14 power controller
15 converters
16 controllers
17 pressure signal
18 output signal
19 measuring device
20 comparison device

Claims (2)

1. Vorrichtung zur Extrusion einer thermoplastischen Schmelze
mit der Hintereinanderschaltung
einer Dosiereinrichtung zur dosierten Zuführung des thermoplastischen Materials mit einstellbarer Dosier­ geschwindigkeit (Menge pro Zeiteinheit),
eines Extruders zum Aufschmelzen des zugeführten thermo­ plastischen Materials
und einer Zahnradpumpe zum Austragen der thermo­ plastischen Schmelze gegen hohen Druck, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
die Zahnradpumpe mit konstanter Drehzahl angetrieben wird,
daß der Schmelzedruck zwischen Extruder und Zahnradpumpe über die Drehzahl des Extruders auf einen konstanten Wert ausgeregelt wird,
und daß das Drehmoment der Extruderschnecke durch Verstellung der Dosiergeschwindigkeit der Dosiereinrich­ tung auf einen vorgegebenen Drehmoment-Sollwert ausge­ regelt wird.1. Device for extruding a thermoplastic melt
with the series connection
a dosing device for the dosed feeding of the thermoplastic material with adjustable dosing speed (quantity per unit of time),
an extruder for melting the supplied thermoplastic material
and a gear pump for discharging the thermoplastic melt against high pressure, characterized in that
the gear pump is driven at constant speed,
that the melt pressure between the extruder and the gear pump is regulated to a constant value via the speed of the extruder,
and that the torque of the extruder screw is regulated by adjusting the metering speed of the Dosiereinrich device to a predetermined torque setpoint. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schmelzetemperatur zwischen Extruder und Zahnradpumpe durch Verstellung des Drehmoment-Sollwertes in vorge­ gebenen Grenzen ausgeregelt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the melt temperature between extruder and gear pump by adjusting the torque setpoint in pre given limits is corrected.
DE3833776A 1987-10-08 1988-10-05 Device for extruding a thermoplastic melt Expired - Fee Related DE3833776C2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3833776A DE3833776C2 (en) 1987-10-08 1988-10-05 Device for extruding a thermoplastic melt

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3733979 1987-10-08
DE3833776A DE3833776C2 (en) 1987-10-08 1988-10-05 Device for extruding a thermoplastic melt

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE3833776A1 true DE3833776A1 (en) 1989-04-20
DE3833776C2 DE3833776C2 (en) 1995-11-23

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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990014939A1 (en) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-13 Erich Beck Device for processing thermoplastic synthetic materials
DE4032935A1 (en) * 1989-10-28 1991-05-02 Barmag Barmer Maschf Screw press - with separately controlled forced air cooled extruder cylinder sections
DE4236364C1 (en) * 1992-10-28 1993-10-28 Anton Breyer Ohg Control of output from plastics extrusion equipment - uses extruder or melt pump between extruder and die to alternately vary and pre-pressure
EP0729822A1 (en) * 1995-02-03 1996-09-04 Werner & Pfleiderer GmbH Controlling process for extruders
DE19857287A1 (en) * 1998-12-13 2000-06-15 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Process and plant for the production of fiber-reinforced plastic masses
US6592349B2 (en) 1999-09-03 2003-07-15 Datron-Electronic Gmbh Method for the metered discharge of a string of a viscous medium and feedpump for discharging a string of a viscous medium
US7004743B2 (en) 2000-05-04 2006-02-28 Krupp Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh & Co. Kg Installation for the treatment and further processing of thermoplastics and method for the operation thereof
EP2578378A1 (en) * 2010-05-28 2013-04-10 Kohei Sawa Kneading extrusion device

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867004A (en) * 1953-12-31 1959-01-06 Onderzoekings Inst Res Production of polyamide bars in continuous process
GB1242733A (en) * 1967-10-24 1971-08-11 Rudolf Paul Fritsch A slit-shaped extrusion nozzle for extrusion of synthetic thermoplastics materials
DE1554833B2 (en) * 1963-02-18 1972-12-21 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington, Del. (V.St.A.) SCREW EXTRUDER FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF PRODUCTS FROM A MELTABLE POLYMER
DE2910041C2 (en) * 1979-03-14 1982-10-21 Vja&ccaron;eslav Vasil'evi&ccaron; &Scaron;aronov Screw press for processing polymeric materials
DE3133647C2 (en) * 1981-08-26 1987-02-12 Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh, 3000 Hannover Device for processing and extruding thermoplastics
DE3600041A1 (en) * 1986-01-03 1987-07-09 Reifenhaeuser Masch System for the production of plastic semi-finished product from foamed plastic

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2867004A (en) * 1953-12-31 1959-01-06 Onderzoekings Inst Res Production of polyamide bars in continuous process
DE1554833B2 (en) * 1963-02-18 1972-12-21 E.I. Du Pont De Nemours And Co., Wilmington, Del. (V.St.A.) SCREW EXTRUDER FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF PRODUCTS FROM A MELTABLE POLYMER
GB1242733A (en) * 1967-10-24 1971-08-11 Rudolf Paul Fritsch A slit-shaped extrusion nozzle for extrusion of synthetic thermoplastics materials
US3649147A (en) * 1967-10-24 1972-03-14 Werner & Pfleideser Extruder nozzle for producing plastic foils
DE2910041C2 (en) * 1979-03-14 1982-10-21 Vja&ccaron;eslav Vasil'evi&ccaron; &Scaron;aronov Screw press for processing polymeric materials
DE3133647C2 (en) * 1981-08-26 1987-02-12 Hermann Berstorff Maschinenbau Gmbh, 3000 Hannover Device for processing and extruding thermoplastics
DE3600041A1 (en) * 1986-01-03 1987-07-09 Reifenhaeuser Masch System for the production of plastic semi-finished product from foamed plastic

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1990014939A1 (en) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-13 Erich Beck Device for processing thermoplastic synthetic materials
DE4032935A1 (en) * 1989-10-28 1991-05-02 Barmag Barmer Maschf Screw press - with separately controlled forced air cooled extruder cylinder sections
DE4236364C1 (en) * 1992-10-28 1993-10-28 Anton Breyer Ohg Control of output from plastics extrusion equipment - uses extruder or melt pump between extruder and die to alternately vary and pre-pressure
EP0729822A1 (en) * 1995-02-03 1996-09-04 Werner & Pfleiderer GmbH Controlling process for extruders
DE19857287A1 (en) * 1998-12-13 2000-06-15 Dieffenbacher Gmbh Maschf Process and plant for the production of fiber-reinforced plastic masses
US6592349B2 (en) 1999-09-03 2003-07-15 Datron-Electronic Gmbh Method for the metered discharge of a string of a viscous medium and feedpump for discharging a string of a viscous medium
US6623673B1 (en) 1999-09-03 2003-09-23 Datron-Electronic Gmbh Method for the metered discharge of a string of a viscous medium and feedpump for discharging a string of a viscous medium
US7004743B2 (en) 2000-05-04 2006-02-28 Krupp Werner & Pfleiderer Gmbh & Co. Kg Installation for the treatment and further processing of thermoplastics and method for the operation thereof
EP2578378A1 (en) * 2010-05-28 2013-04-10 Kohei Sawa Kneading extrusion device
EP2578378A4 (en) * 2010-05-28 2013-11-27 Kohei Sawa Kneading extrusion device
US8721312B2 (en) 2010-05-28 2014-05-13 Kohei Sawa Kneading extruder

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