DE3514206A1 - FOUR CYLINDER ENGINE WITH EXTENDED EXPANSION - Google Patents

Description

description

9. Motor according to claim 8, characterized in that the valve tappet (79) between the valve plates (76, 78) has an annular recess (80).

10. Motor according to claim 9, characterized in that that the annular recess (80) has an arcuate cross section.

3 4

Specify men that allow each commercially available 5 and 8 to reach the top dead center position.

Four cylinder engine in an engine with the effect. Cylinders 1 and 4 serve as working cylinders, i.e.

to convert according to the main patent. they work in a well-known manner according to the four-stroke principle

This task is indicated by the distinctive mark. Cylinders 2 and 3 are used for post-combustion

times of claim 1 solved. 5 of the exhaust gases coming from cylinders 1 and 4. she

The solution is based on the following train of thought: work according to the two-stroke principle.

Because the connecting channels between the cylinders 1 and 4 are via inlet valves 14 and 15

according to the four-stroke principle working cylinders and with a feed line 16 for the fuel-air mixture

which are used for post-combustion and post-expansion. If the piston 5 moves downwards, sucks

The cylinders are guided out of the cylinder block and the fuel-air mixture is

they can no longer be kept short. det in cylinder 4 above piston 8 the combustion

The exhaust gases therefore take a considerable amount of time. The cylinders 1 and 4 are via exhaust valves

Delay in the afterburning cylinders 20 and 21 and pipe sections 52,53 with intermediate storage

the. This reduces the performance of the engine. 50, 51 (Flg. 2) or connected via pipe sections 62, 63

Therefore, the invention provides that from a according to FIG. 15 with intermediate stores 60, 61 according to FIG. 3.

Four-stroke principle working cylinder ejected The intermediate storage 50 according to Flg. 2 is about a

Exhaust gases do not enter one of the post-expansion pipe sections 54 with the inlet valve 19 of the cylinder 3

sion serving cylinder but first connected in, and the intermediate storage 51 is via a

at least one intermediate store, which the post-pipe section 55 connects to the inlet valve 18 of the cylinder 2

burned exhaust gases only after skipping a work 20 connected. The cylinders 2 and 3 are also by a

cycle of the four-stroke cylinder recess 56 in the cylinder block communicating with

ders leave. Through this caching the connected to each other.

Exhaust gases during an operating cycle will leave the same We- The exhaust valves 22, 23 of cylinders 2 and 3

as with the engine according to the main patent. the exhaust gases escaping from cylinders 2 and 3

The inlet and outlet of the exhaust gases in and out of which little 25 piece of pipe 24 get into the exhaust,

at least one buffer can by the anyway The engine according to Flg. 2 works in the firing order 1.3,

provided valves for the inlet and outlet openings 4.2, as follows:

the cylinder take place. Each of the after the four-stroke pushes the piston 5 of the cylinder 1 over the exhaust gases

principle working cylinder is a separate intermediate the valve 20 in the intermediate storage 50, then remain

assigned schenspeicher, which is useful to double 30 the exhaust gases during the subsequent intake stroke

save can be summarized. of cylinder 1 in buffer 50. Only then,

In the embodiment according to the invention, the when the piston 5 in the cylinder 1 is sucked in power valves Valve 19 opens to control the outlet, which compresses after the substance-air mixture Four-stroke principle working cylinder with larger and lets the combustion gases out of the intermediate storage pressure differences loaded than is usually the case 35 rather 50 flow through the valve 19 into the cylinder 3. in the is because the pressure of the cylinder 3 is also applied to the valve disk at this time, the piston 7 is in the stored exhaust gases acts. This disadvantage can be seen as top dead center position. He will flow through the Fix a special valve training as it pushed the exhaust down. Stream at the same time In the description of the drawing, the exhaust gases have been shown via the recesses 56 in the cylinder is. 40 2, in which the piston 6 is also just in the

Further details of the invention can be found in the bottom dead center position, and also press this

claims and the description of the drawing piston down,

can be removed. The cylinder 4 operates in a corresponding manner.

The drawing shows exemplary embodiments of the he- If he expels the exhaust gases from the cylinder, then

Finding shown, namely show: 45 this via the valve 21 into the intermediate storage 51,

Flg. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the engine; where during the intake stroke of cylinder 4

FIg. 2 shows a section along the line H-II of FIG. 1 in FIG. Only when the piston 8 of the cylinder 4

the design for an engine with the ignition sequence 1,3,4, which compresses the fuel-air mixture, opens the

2; Valve 18 and lets the exhaust gases into the space above the

FIg. 3 shows a section along the line H-II of FIG. 1 flow into 50 piston 6, so that it is pressed down

the design for an engine with the firing order 1, 2, 4. At the same time, the exhaust gases flow over the

3; mings 56 in the cylinder 3 and solve the same here

Flg. 4 shows a diagram to illustrate the effect from. Every time pistons 6 and 7

manner of invention; Moving cylinders 2 and 3 upwards opens one

Fig. 5 shows a modified embodiment; 55 of the valves 22 or 23 of the cylinders 2 and 3 and leaves the

Flg. 6 shows a modified embodiment; Exhaust gases are fed into the exhaust via the adapter 24

FIg. 7 shows a modified embodiment; long.

Flg. 8 a section along the line VIII-VHI of the buffers 50 and 51 decrease over time.

FIg. 1. alternating the exhaust gases from cylinders 1 and 4 on and

Flg. 1 shows a four-cylinder in-line engine with the 60 alternating between cylinders 2 and 3.

Cylinders 1, 2, 3 and 4. There are pistons 5, 6 in the cylinders

7 and 8 arranged. The piston movement will be used in each valve control of the in-line engine

Via the connecting rods 9,10,11 and 12 on a crank- The intermediate storage 50 and 51 are laterally on the

wave 13 transmitted. Cylinders 1 and 4 work with engine block 70 bolted. They are advantageously made up of

360 ° phase shift to one another, the cylinder 2 65 each have two cast parts 50 ', 50 "and 5Γ, 51", between

and 3 are against the cylinders 1 and 4 in the phase around each of which a seal 57 is arranged. The parts

180 ° offset so that the pistons 6 and 7 are always 50 ', 50 "and 5Γ, 51" are firmly connected to each other,

are in the bottom dead center position when the pistons are advantageously positioned with the aid of screws 58.

5 6

According to Flg. 2, the buffer stores 50 and 51 operating cylinders are separated into the required individual feeds for a relatively long time due to the specified firing sequence.

stretches formed so that they can be advantageously used in accordance with Flg. 5 is in the double memory 30 a shift

Pistons 36 which can be arranged on opposite sides of the engine block 70. The piston 36 slides with it

net. The volume of each intermediate store 50 5 its middle part 37 on the inner wall of the intermediate

or 51 corresponds approximately to the suction volume of a schenspeichers 30 and can against this wall

Cylinder, so that the exhaust gas can be sealed by inserted piston rings 38 in the intermediate storage. the

pressure is retained ends 41 and 42 of the piston 36 have paragraphs 47,48

Fig. 3 shows an embodiment of the engine in one, so that it always has the inlet and outlet openings 43,

Firing order 1, 2, 4, 3. The exhaust gases coming from cylinder 1 via to 44 of the exhaust gases from cylinders 1 and 4

Exhaust gases expelled from the valve 20 reach the cylinders 2 via the outlet openings 45, 46 and the outlet openings 45, 46

Pipe section 62 in the intermediate storage 60. They remain and 3 release.

ben here again during the intake stroke of the Zy- The mode of operation of the buffer 30 is at

Linders 1 and then through the valve 18 in this training the following:

Cylinders 2 and 3 are left, when the piston 5 of the cylinder 15 expels the cylinder 1 exhaust gases, then these occur

Ders 1 the sucked in fuel-air mixture compressed via the inlet port 43 in the left part of the intermediate

mated. schenspeichers 30 and press paragraph 47. Here-

The same applies to the cylinder 4. The exhaust gases move the piston 41 in the direction of the arrow

are via the outlet valve 21 and the pipe section 63 les 49 to the right until its end 64 on the right inner

pressed into the intermediate memory 61. You remain 20 Ren wall of the intermediate storage 30 is applied. At this

here during the intake stroke of the cylinder 4 and movement pushes the piston 41 which is to the right of it

are then when the piston 8 of the cylinder 4, the exhaust gases via the outlet port 46 in the

sucked in fuel-air mixture is compressed, above the post-expansion serving cylinder 3. The left

the valve 19 is let into the cylinders 2 and 3. The exhaust gases from the piston 41 remain there until

Press exhaust gases in cylinders 2 and 3, just as it does 25 the subsequent work cycle of the four-cycle

in fl. 2 has been described, the piston 6 and 7 principle working cylinder is done. Then press

each down. The exhaust gases of the cylinder 4 then become its exhaust gases via the inlet port 44

pressed through the outlet valves 22, 23 into the exhaust. in the right part of the buffer. The Ab-

In this design, the intermediate storage 60.61 are press on the shoulder 48 of the piston 41 and gases

kept shorter. If you are larger than 30 in diameter, move it to the left. The one to the left of piston 41

designed as the intermediate storage 50, 51 in order for each existing exhaust gases are now via the outlet opening

the intermediate storage in turn to maintain a volume 45 in the cylinder 2 used for post-expansion

ten, which is roughly the same as the suction volume of one of the cylinders.

is equivalent to. Due to the provided oscillating piston 41, according to Flg. 3, the intermediate stores 60 and 61, 35 the intermediate store 30 performs the same as the intermediate stores on the same side of the engine block 70. Schenspeicherpaare50,51 and 60,61 of FIGS . 2 and 3. They in turn consist of two castings 65 'and According to Flg. 6 is a common intermediate store 65 ″, which is provided with a seal between 70, whose inlet and outlet openings 43, 45 are connected to one another. As well as 44, 46 to the panels 3, which work in pairs, it can be seen that the arrangement of the intermediate 40 cylinders 1, 2, 4, 3 are structurally more favorable than the arrangement (aneroid membrane) by a corrugated membrane 71. The voltage of the intermediate storage 50, 51 according to FIG In the direction of arrow 72 a more favorable design can also be bent in the engine, whereby the same change can be achieved when the engine is operated if the ignition sequence is suitable as with the oscillating piston 41 of FIG 45 Since the aneroid membrane 71 is only very thin, FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the degree of filling of the, according to FIG is membrane 73 in the manner of a sheet metal strip winding 66 IV of the cylinders working according to the four-stroke principle. finite thickness is provided, in which the sheet metal strips. The first reservoir is arranged between two shells 67 and 68 according to the solid line. This is filled during the first cycle, the filling remains 50 Membrane shows a favorable spring effect is retained during the second cycle. During the action.

In the third cycle, the buffer is emptied and there is a relatively strong one in each buffer

remains empty during the fourth measure. This process pressure prevails, which on the exhaust valves of the cylinder

repeats itself in the following bars. That of FIGS. 1 and 4 and the intake valves 18, 19 of cylinders 2

second buffer will act according to the dotted 55 and 3, the valve springs 75, which the

Line filled during the third stroke and remains weh- press valve disc 76 against seat 77, very strong

rend of the fourth bar filled. It empties itself while being laid out. This can open and close the

of the next cycle in order to make it difficult for ser valves during the cycle. Valves 18, 19, 20 and 21

to stay empty. That is, the filling and emptying of the wafers therefore in a further embodiment of the invention, the two intermediate storage tanks overlap because, as shown for the valve 20 in FIG.

the one intermediate storage is filled, the other empties itself, namely one directed towards the cylinder

dere. This fact can be used for the plate 76 as well as a second valve plate 78, which

two necessary intermediate storage units are arranged in a double above the bent outlet pipe 52

pelspeicher to summarize. is. Between the plates 76 and 78 is the plunger 79. FIGS. 5, 6 and 7 show such a constricted 65, ie it shows an annular indentation 80,

Volume double storage. The common storage which is part of an arc in cross section. Here-

cher 30 is achieved by a movable partition between it is achieved that the in the associated intermediate

between the inlets and outlets of the exhaust gases present in pairs together, on the one hand, in the direction of

7th

of arrow 81 on the valve plate 76 and on the other hand in the direction of arrow 82 on the valve plate 78, so that the valve 20 is in equilibrium due to the pressure of the exhaust gases from the associated intermediate store is held. s

Since the valve is usually in the direction of arrow 82 through the outlet port of each cylinder from the inside of the cylinder is mounted, in a further embodiment of the invention is the diameter of the valve disk 78 kept smaller than the diameter of the valve plate 76, so that the valve including the plunger through the Outlet opening of the cylinder can be pushed.

The inlet and outlet of the fuel-air mixture and the exhaust gases in the individual cylinders can be from one conventional camshaft can be controlled ago. The inventive The engine also offers the option of providing two additional cams on the camshaft, which open the valves 20 and 21 in Rg. 1 in the meantime for a short time, so that the 30 or 50, 51 or 60, 61 existing exhaust gases can strike back into cylinders 1 and 4. You get as a result, an engine with partial recirculation of the exhaust gases.

To improve the afterburning of the exhaust gases can be in the intermediate storage 30,50,51,60,61 via a Nozzle 40 an oxygen carrier can be injected. The injection takes place shortly before it is complete Filling. The combustion itself takes place in a closed storage tank.

Instead of designing the engine according to the invention as a four-cylinder engine with communication between the cylinders 2 and 3 can be made by combining the two two-stroke cylinders 2 and 3 into a common cylinder twice the volume when building new engines, a structural simplification can be achieved.

The principle of the engine according to the invention can also be used to advantage in those operated with diesel fuel Apply motors.

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Claims (18)

Claims 1. Four-cylinder engine with extended expansion according to patent (patent application P. 34 42 562.4-13), in which two of the cylinders operate according to the four-stroke principle with a phase shift of 360 ° and the other cylinders operate according to the two-stroke principle for post-expansion and post-combustion of the exhaust gases of the cylinders operating according to the four-stroke principle, characterized in that the inlet openings (valves ( 18,19)) of the cylinders (2, 3) serving for post-expansion with the outlet openings (valves (20, 21)) of the cylinders (1,4) operating according to the four-stroke principle via at least one valve-controlled intermediate store (30; 50) serving for post-combustion , 51; 60, 61) are connected to one another in such a way that the exhaust gases remain in each buffer store during one cycle of the cylinders (1, 4) operating on the four-cycle principle. 2. Engine according to claim 1, characterized in that between each on the four-stroke principle working cylinder (1,4) and one of the cylinders (2,3) serving for post-expansion each have a buffer (50, 51; 60, 61) is provided (buffer pairs (50, 51 and 60, 61)). 3. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that between the four-stroke principle working cylinders (1, 4) and the cylinders (2, 3) serving for post-expansion have a common Intermediate memory (30) is provided as a double memory. 4. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the cylinders serving for post-expansion (2,3) are connected to each other in a communicating manner. 5. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume of each intermediate store (30,
50,51,60,61) roughly corresponds to the volume of one of the associated working cylinders (1,4). The invention relates to a four-cylinder engine with 6. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in 40 extended expansion according to the preamble of Annet, that the at least one buffer (30, saying 1. 50, 51, 60, 61) outside of the engine block The engine according to the main patent shows the advantage is arranged. that, since the exhaust gases post-expansion 7. Motor according to claim 1, characterized marked burn, which damages the exhaust gases leaving the engine, that the outlet valves (20, 21) after the 45 are low in substance. Compared with an engine, the one The four-stroke principle cylinder (1.4) is connected downstream as a single catalyst, the engine shows Release valves for the associated twin main patent have the advantage that through the post-dispensing memory (30, 50, 51, 60, 61) are used and the combustion of the exhaust gases generates additional energy Inlet valves (18, 19) of the post-expansion, whereas in a catalytic converter the residual energy of Nenden cylinder (2, 3) as exhaust valves for the 50 exhaust gases is chemically destroyed. or the associated intermediate storage (30, 50, in the engine according to the main patent the exhaust ports are 51,60,61) serve. of the four-stroke cycle 8. Motor according to claim 1, characterized marked with the inlet openings of the afterburning, that the exhaust valves (20, 21) of the cylinder serving after the voltage by the pre-four-stroke principle in the cylinder head working cylinder (1, 4) and 55 channels can be seen connected to one another. This training Inlet valves (18, 19) after the two-stroke cycle has the advantage that the ducts are very short working cylinders (2, 3) two with ab- ten can be so that the exhaust gases, which the after stood apart from each other arranged valve plates (76,78) leave the four-stroke principle working cylinder, do not show, on the in the opposite direction indirectly on the pistons in the after the two-stroke cylinder Gases of the one intermediate storage (30, 60 zip working cylinders act. 50,51,60,61) work. However, it has been found that when you have one existing commercially available four-cylinder engine, be it a four-cylinder in-line engine or a boxer engine, wants to convert to an engine according to the main patent, there is often no space for the introduction of the ducts in the cylinder head or this possibility does not exist at all.
The object of the present invention is to measure 11. Motor according to claim 3, characterized in that the common buffer (30) has a sliding partition (41, 71, 66) between the inlet and outlet openings (43, 45; 44, 46) of the cooperating cylinder pairs (1, 3; 4, 2 or 1,2; 4,3). 12. Motor according to claim 11, characterized in that that the partition is designed as a membrane (71,66). 13. Motor according to claim 11, characterized in that that the partition is formed by a piston (41) displaceable in the intermediate store (30) is. 14. Motor according to claim 13, characterized in that that the ends of the piston have shoulders (47, 48) which the inlet and outlet openings (43, 45; 44, 46) leave blank in every piston position. 15. Motor according to claim 1, characterized in that that the exhaust valves (20, 21) of the four-stroke cylinder (1, 4) operating in the meantime open briefly in such a way that part of the exhaust gases from the associated intermediate storage device (30, 50,51,60,61) is fed back into the cylinder (1,4). 16. Engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the intermediate storage device serving for post-combustion (30, 50, 51, 60, 61) each have an injection opening (40) for a liquid oxygen carrier exhibit. 17. Engine according to claim 1, characterized by the design as a multiple of a four-cylinder engine. 18. Engine according to claim 4, characterized in that the two communicating cylinders (2, 3) are combined into a common cylinder of at least the same volume.