DE3446132A1 - Internal-combustion engine with wobble plate or swashplate - Google Patents

Abstract

In the internal-combustion engine according to the invention, the piston stroke is effected by a wobble plate, swashplate (19) or swashplate shaft, which is connected by way of piston connection points (22) directly by connecting rods (27) or indirectly by pushrods and reversing levers to the pistons. The piston centre axes (26a) or the line of movement of other articulation points runs in the order of 90 DEG to the engine shaft (24) in a plane of rotation to the swashplate centre (29). The pistons (26) can be arranged in a rotatable rotor (23) (Fig. 3). <IMAGE>

Description

Gaxl Josef. ο / / C 1 OO

Klausenweg 4 ■ 04hD I OZ

8δ9ο Aichach / Unterwittelsbach

description

Internal combustion engine with a swashplate or swashplate

The invention relates to an internal combustion engine comprising a Machine frame with a rotatable shaft, which is guided via a swashplate or swashplate arrangement and in cylinders Piston is rotated with the pressure of the combustion gases.

In these machines known by the term "swash plate motor", the pistons are parallel or parallel to the cylinders attached approximately parallel to the machine parts.

With one rotation of the tumble ehe ibem-reHe thereby leads in on the rotatably mounted outer ring piston articulated a forward and backward stroke movement, i.e. two cycles.

This is a disadvantage, especially with four-stroke engine operation, because this means that two machine shaft rotations are required for one work cycle. In addition, occur with these types Massive forces acting on one side, which mostly

"'_ can only be controlled with a complex double piston arrangement. ...

The object of the present invention is an internal combustion engine, in which with a swash plate or inclined shaft circulation ! Tier stroke cycles of a connected piston take place, the inertia forces of the pistons are opposite to each other and a considerable reduction in size and weight compared to conventional piston engines same engine power is achieved.

This object is achieved in that over the connection points for the pistons on the outer ring of the swash plate or on an inclined shaft, at the apex the axial movement path of the connection points brought the piston into a stroke end position via at least one connecting member will.

The cylinder piston center axes can be in a star shape, the plane of the swash plate intersection in the shaft center be arranged cutting.

tfie known, passes through a swashplate outer ring, is held richer against a central rotation, attached iolbenanschlusspunkt axially to the drive shaft one around the Taurnel disc intersection oscillating in the center of the shaft 3 trajectory twice per engine shaft rotation.

Sin according to the invention at an angle of 9o ° radially to the engine shaft Piston guided in a cylinder, which is connected to a connecting rod with the connection point of the outer ring, is at 3 movement of the connection points at the apex of the path of movement at its furthest away from the center of the swash plate place and moved back to its innermost end position at the maximum inclination of the swash plate.

One rotation of the swash plate causes four stroke cycles on the piston, which in the known manner with the working pressure of the Fuel gas can also rotate the swash plate.

Due to the diametrical arrangement of two pistons, the piston forces cancel each other out.

According to this working principle set out so far, there are numerous Embodiments of an internal combustion engine are possible.

So the cylinders can be fixed in the machine housing in a star shape in a larger number, a common inlet and outlet control by seat valves is useful, which are controlled with a cam on the rotating with the swash plate engine shaft.

There can also be the cylinders on one in the machine housing on an axis rotatably mounted rotor the center of a swash plate be arranged circumferentially, the function The working principle of the swash plate is fulfilled by the disc that is inclined to the rotor.

The working cylinders can be star-shaped, preferably with the same angular spacing around the axis of rotation of the rotor be arranged.

When the rotor rotates, the individual piston is guided on an elliptical path by means of the swash plate control and makes the rubbing movements in the cylinder required for four-stroke engine operation. The swash plate center can be compared to the. Rotor center in the direction of extension the piston should be laterally offset as far as "the Pistons are guided to the cylinder head cover and also Push out the combustion gases of the compression room as much as possible.

The inlet and outlet controls are expediently carried out in the Rotary valve working valve through one in the unifuge housing of the rotor attached discharge and inlet area, which during the rotation of the rotor after a compression and work phase through a bore in the cylinder head with the Cubic capacity is connected.

In a preferred embodiment, which in addition to others The swashplate guide in

_BA D

Axially offset next to the rotor with the cylinders and Piston attached. The swash plate is rotated synchronously with the piston rotor and is connected to the output shaft.

The piston movement must be deflected with a lever, which at the same time enables a reduction ratio of the piston stroke to the swash plate stroke.

For the cylinder heads facing the center is in the center of the rotor, the inlet and outlet control is attached, which also at high engine speed due to the small diameter and the circumference of the sealing surface causes a relatively low circumferential speed for the sealing elements. Kit two or several independent entrance areas, which are successively connected to the displacement as the rotor continues to rotate, is a stratified charge of the Z3rlin.derfuTig and thus emits a small amount of pollutants accessible.

The centrifugal force ejects the excess lubricating oil through the cylinders that are open to the outside at the circumference and penetrates, not into the combustion chamber.

In an embodiment of the invention, an exhaust gas turbine is connected to the central exhaust line, the output shaft i of which is connected ^; Is connected to the notor shaft via a freewheel.

Because all cylinders open directly into an exhaust duct, exhaust valves and exhaust valves do not brake the exhaust gas flow and the exhaust turbine very close ar .: cylinder from la "· arranged a considerable part of what is known to be very high waste energy can be converted into useful energy.

In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention are based of the drawings with further details relevant to the invention explained in more detail.

It shows

Fig. 1: a schematic representation of a swash plate-cylinder-piston assembly after the invention

BATH ORIG

- Io -

Fig. 2: the position of the pistons in the cylinders in According to Fig. 1 9o ° further rotated swash plates

Fig. 3 "· schematically shows an embodiment with a fixed -:" stationary swash plate and rotating rotor with "cylinders and pistons

Fig. 4 ... a cross section through the rotor according to Fig.

Fig. 5.- ^: - ■ - an exemplary embodiment with a rotating swash plate and rotating rotor in a sectional view

Fig. 6: a cross section along the line AB of the in Fig. - ■. .... _ .. the examples shown

Figures 1 and 2 show in a housing 1 a rotatable shaft 2 -mit. a so-called swash plate mounted at an angle to the 'vellenf lucht. At the wheel periphery a held against rotation with the swash plate 3 Rin ^ k ■ is attached via a bearing. 5 The ring 4 has 7 "which i.iit guided in cylinders · ^π Kolbezi sine connected 9 Anschlu.'TjDunkte for Fleuelsiengen '. Vrird the shaft 2 with the swash plate 3 .ce Cr eh "^ therein by crossing each Anschlu ^r .Peer 6 oscillating ixi Axialrichtün ^ · zur- V.'elle 2 a common ΑάΈSchnittpunkt ίο the swash plate 11 and the plane 13 depending UeIlenzentrum ehun twice Ivellendr. c.

Jp. The apex of the traction path is grounded by the pistons 9 _: - 'cfe "ren' ^ yTi'rid"e'raxis run at 90 ° to the ellen axis, - in an outer dead center position 15 postponed. DRIE l6 inner dead center the piston is achieved in the marrinialen Schrä.cscheibensteilung 1. 7

At every v / ellenumdreliunjr, the for the fourth a combustion machine noti.'endi treu ν j he piston strokes carried out.

As is known, the input unc "Auslad control can i ^calc Sitzyentiie .lc

BATH ORIGINAL

At least they are useful to balance the forces of hatred two pistons arranged diametrically opposite one another.

The embodiments shown in Figures 3 »4 and 5, _t 6 have the same working principle. Thus, as shown in FIG. 3, the swash plate 19 can also be fixedly connected to the machine housing 2o.

The outer ring 21 on the swash plate 19 jg, elaq: erte with the KoI-benanschlu ^ points 22 is rotated synchronously with a rotor 23 which is mounted in the housing 2o via a shaft 24. In the rotor 23 pistons 26 guided in a star shape in cylinders 25 are arranged, which by means of connecting rods 27 with the piston connection points are connected.

When the rotor 23 is rotated, the single piston 26 becomes by the very .ig disc control 19 »21, 27 on an elliptical Bnhn 2 ° and makes the for lifting movements required for four-stroke operation.

The center 29 of the swash plate 19 can be opposite to the rotor centrurr. "o be laterally offset in the piston pushing direction 31 so that": the exhaust dead point of the individual pistons is very close to the cylinder head cover 32 and the combustion gases of the compression chamber 33 are thereby largely pushed out.

The connecting rod connection in the piston 26 and at the connection points 22 mu ⁿ . with the execution offset, swash plate center, Rctor center via spherical bearings J> k .

In the housing 2o are in the surrounding area of the rotor 23 for inlet control 35 and outlet control 56 slots attached, which via sealing elements not shown here can be connected to an opening in the cylinder head cover 32 when the rotor is rotated.

In Figures 5 and 6 is an embodiment according to the invention with a rotor and a rotating swash plate shown.

In a machine housing ko is a swash plate 4l with ... one output shaft kl a ball bearing that absorbs high forces

BATH

■ - ~ Q / / CI

bearings 42, 43 at an angle of about 3o ° to a housing center Axis 44 attached laterally offset from this in the axial direction.

The housing center axis 44, which consists of manufacturing and Assembly reasons is screwed to the rear wall 45 of the housing, carries a rotor 48 via bearings 46 and 47, in which im example shown six cylinders 49 with piston 5o are arranged in a star shape. All cylinder heads with the The input and output controls face the axis center 44.

The rotor 40 has in the rotor center that is identical to the axis center 44 is a shaft extension 51, which with a Attached at its end angle gear 52 with an im Swashplate axis center 55 attached second angle gear 54 is in engagement and thereby the swash plate shaft 4l a and the rotor 48 are rotated synchronously with one another.

The swash plate 4l has the number of pistons in the rotor 46, corresponding to the number of piston connection points 55%, which are connected to the pistons 5o via a push rod 5 & , a reversing lever 57 and a connecting rod 5 ^.

The individual piston connection point 55 is designed as a universal joint, whose longitudinal axis 59 receives the push rod in a fork and whose transverse axis 60 consists of a: shaft stub, which is fastened in bores made radially in the swash plate 4l via bearings 6l.

The transverse axes 60 of the piston connection points 55 lie in the Section plane of the swashplate axis center 55

With a second pivot point 52, the single push rod is connected to the Unilenkhebel 57 which urn an output connected to your rotor axle 65 pivotally moves about a further pivot 64 and the connecting rod 57 with the piston pin .the 5o a piston 5o.

The reversing lever 57 has different lever lengths 57 a and -57 .- ^ TjUSLG-UrCh -Vi-rö the piston stroke increased in relation to the push rod stroke. ·. · -

The working principle corresponds to the embodiments already described in FIG. 1 with a modification to the effect that the swash plate 4l and the rotor 48 are rotated synchronously with one another via an angular drive 52, 54 in the axis center 53.

Due to the lateral offset, the swashplate stroke is transferred indirectly to the pistons and the compression chambers 65 of the cylinders face the axis center 44.

The inlet and outlet control is expediently carried out in a four-stroke cycle according to the rotary valve principle, with the rotor 4P rotating in the course of its rotation Inlet areas 67, 6Γ and an outlet area 69 attached via openings 66 in the cylinder head in the central axis with the displacement 65 connects.

The inlet and outlet areas are via channels in the central axis 44 with an intake line 7o and an exhaust line tied together.

The inlet can be divided into two sub-areas 67, 68, with separate feed lines for the cylinders during Otto engine operation different concentrations for one so-called Layeriadun.c are supplied.

Circular ring pieces 72 are provided in a bore, provided with a piston ring clasp 73, and attached as sealing elements so that they can be displaced by spring pressure.

Kit Fec'erdruck from not shown on the drawing The circular ring pieces 72 become springs counter to the centrifugal force with their circular contour directed towards the central axis and the gas pressure also stimulates gap densities on the center axis.

1-i with a channel 7 4 attached in the axis center 44 and others Bores74a ifird the rotor 4 ° in: Center of coolant fed and at the same time the axis 44 cooled.

Distribution channels 75, which proceeding from the rotor center ^: "open into the cylinder enclosing annular chambers 76, which at

^ fulfill the function of a centrifugal vacuum pe,

bad original

and the coolant circuit for cooling the rotor 4C takes place via outflow channels 77 j which open into an annular channel 7 located in the rear wall 45 of the housing.

For cooling of the lubricating oil radially circumferential cooling fins in the Gehsuseinnenwand 79 and at the Gehäuseau ^f enwar.d longitudinal cooling fins oo be mounted.

At the GehMuser.vickwand an over-short and straight as possible extending exhaust pipe is lol angebracht.und integrated exhaust gas turbine 71 connected to the erf indungsgerrin ^"0 .en internal combustion engine.

The turbine wheel is located in the turbine housing Io2 with a V7elle 1o3 lo-> stored. The very high speed of the turbine wheel lo ^ ± is expediently with in a first lower level a gear drive unit Io5 on a countershaft gear Io6 transmitted at reduced speed.

The pre-regulation level Io6 protrudes into the machine housing 2o \ and carries a gear loO via a freewheel Io7, which in a rotor ring gear Io9 a second reduction stage is engaged.

The turbine torque is not subject to the transmission means mentioned on the rotor 4Γ · transferred, whereby by the freewheel Io7 it is guaranteed that daP. the power flow only from the turbine can be done to the rotor.

BAD ORJGlMAL

Claims (1)

Patent claims: / l )) Internal combustion engine, comprising a machine frame with a rotatable shaft, which via a swashplate or swashplate arrangement and. Pistons guided in cylinders m i1 the working pressure of the combustion gases -is rotated, characterized in that "over the on the outer ring (6, 21) of the swash plate (3) or on a swash plate (19) or Schr ^ fr- •!, - rush (-It) attached connection ¹ "points (6,? .2, 55) for the pistons (?,? 6, 5o) in the apex (l4) of the axial Be-Tregun-rsbahn the connection points (6, 22, 55) '"' at least one connecting member (7, 27, 56) the pistons (9, 26, 5o) are brought into a cube end position (15). BATH 2) Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the course of the cylinder piston center axes (9 a) the -Plane of the "swash plate intersection point (13) in the shaft center (lo) cutting in an angle range of approx. 9o ° is arranged radially to the drive shaft (2). 3) internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that that two pistons (9) are diametrically opposite one another are arranged. 4) internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that there- in the center area (5o) of a rotor (25) with radial running cylinders (2p) and pistons (2ö) one to the housing (2o) fixed swash plate (3 9) is arranged. 5) internal combustion engine according to claim k , characterized in that on the with the rotor (25) rotating synchronously on the swash plate (19) mounted AuP-Ehring (21) via connecting rods (27) located in the rotor piston (2b) to the piston connection '^ dots (22) are attached. 6) Brennlcraftrr.aschine according to claim 4, characterized in that da?> the plane of the piston center axis (26 a) in the swash plate center (29) lies. 7) internal combustion engine according to claim 4, characterized in that dar- the swash plate center (29) opposite the rotor center (5o) laterally towards the Aqschubtotpunkt (3i) the piston (26) is offset. c) Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that a rotor (48) with cylinders (49) and pistons (5 o) at an angle to the rotor center axis (44) has a swash plate (4l) rotatable with an output shaft (4l a) in Axial direction is arranged offset to the side of the rotor (4 ^r ). BATHROOM 0 ^r - Si-- »» ♦ 9) internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that that the cylinder heads with the "inlet and outlet control (66, 67f 68, 69) face the axis center (44). 10) internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that that the rotor (48) has a shaft extension (51) which is connected to an angular gear wheel attached to the free end (52) is in engagement with a second angular gear (54) mounted in the swash plate axis center (53). 11) internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that that on the outer circumference of the swash plate (4Γ) as a universal joint trained piston connection points (55) are arranged. 12) internal combustion engine according to claim 11, characterized in that that the universal joint (55) is designed with a longitudinal axis (59) as a fork and its transverse axis from a Stub shaft (60), which is mounted in bores radially in the swash plate (4l) via bearings (6l) is attached. . ί 13) internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that that the transverse axes (60) of the piston connection points (55) in the cutting plane of the swash plate center (53) lie. 14) internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that that the piston connection points (55) via a push rod (56), a lever (57) and a connecting rod (58) with the piston (5o) are connected. 15) internal combustion engine according to claim l4, characterized in that that the reversing lever (57) with different lever lengths (57 a and 57 b) around an axle bolt (63) on the rotor (4Π) is designed to be pivotable. 16) Brennlcraftmsshine according to claim 8, characterized in that .diej Einr. and outlet control via an opening (66) in the BATH ORIGINAL takes place in the cylinder head, which in the course of rotation in the central axis (44) connected inlet areas (67,68) - ^ and an outlet area (69) with the displacement (65) . 17) internal combustion engine according to claim l6, characterized in that several independent inlet areas (67 ₁ 6T) ^ are appropriate. 18) Internal combustion engine according to claim 0, characterized in that circular ring pieces (72) with a Koibenringabdichtung (73) are inserted into bores at the transition point of the openings (66) to the fixed central axis (44). 19) Brennkraftc.aschine according to claim Ic, characterized in that the ioreisriiigteile (? 2) with springs, with their to the center axis (44) directed circle segment contour on the center axis (44) ans.eTsre2t verden. 2o) Internal combustion engine according to claim?, Characterized in that "via KanKle (? 4 and 74 a) in the central axis (44) the rotor (4th ^? ) Is supplied in the center with cooling liquid, velche by centrifugal effect via distribution channels (75) to annular chambers (7O) and drainage channels (77) and collected in a Rincrkanal (7'3) 21) Brennlcraftmaschine according to claim 1, characterized in that that in the inner wall of the housing radially circumferential cooling ribs (79) and on the outside of the housing longitudinally running cooling rings (Γσ) are attached. 22) Internal combustion engine according to claim 1, characterized in that a useful exhaust gas turbine (lol) is integrated in the execution forms with rotating piston. 25) Internal combustion engine according to claim 8, characterized in that; .immediately on the housing ^: 'ckrrand (45) over a short BAD ORfGSNA «4 4 · -4 Λ« t ^ * ^ P 4 Exhaust pipe (7l) connected to an exhaust gas turbine is attached. 24) internal combustion engine according to claim 22, characterized in that that the turbine shaft (lo3) via a reduction toothed belt drive (lo5) is connected to a countershaft (lo6). 25) internal combustion engine according to claim 22, characterized in that that the variable shaft (lo6) protrudes into the "housing (2o) and via a freewheel (lo7) and a gear (lo8) with a Rotor ring gear (lo9) is connected. 26) internal combustion engine according to claim S, characterized in that that the plane of rotation of the connecting rod (56) with the reversing lever (57) connecting joints (62) in the area of Section plane of the swash plate center (53) lies.