DE2949855A1 - MAGNETIC SEPARATOR, ESPECIALLY FOR SEPARATING A DRY-SOLID MIXTURE IN FRACTIONS AFTER SUSCEPTIBILITY - Google Patents

Description

Annex to the patent application from - 4 - H 79/61 Klöckner-Humboldt-Deutz Gr / Wr

Corporation

dated December 11, 1979

Magnetic separator, especially for the separation of a dry solid mixture in fractions according to susceptibility

The invention relates to a magnetic separator, in particular for separating a dry-solid mixture into fractions the susceptibility, with a rotatably arranged in the area of a magnetically flooded stationary separation zone Rotary body to which the material to be processed is fed in the direction of its axis.

Magnetic separators of the type mentioned are usually designed as so-called roller separators or drum separators and, depending on the type of material to be separated _{f, are operated} either in the dropping process or in the lifting process (see, for example, "Processing technology ¹ ·, magazine for the preparation of solid raw materials, publisher for Processing, Wiesbaden, Volume 3 (1962), Issue 9, Pages # 00 to 418).

With such separators, the feed material moves in the direction of the rotary movement abandoned by roller or drum, with the crop guidance in the direction of the circumferential lines of the roller or drum he follows.

13002S / 01 39

KHD - ■} - H 79/61

Notwithstanding this prior art, the German Offenlegungsschrift 26 50 528 on page 8 is the lowest paragraph the suggestion can be found in the case of a drum magnetic schelder carry out the material guidance in the direction of the drum axis over the surface of the drum magnetic separator.

The object of the invention is, for a magnetic separator of the type mentioned, when the material to be processed is supplied to provide a qualified technical solution with an appropriate device in the direction of its axis. The device should be uncomplicated and can be implemented using conventional components. Regarding the function becomes more special Value placed on the one hand on good selectivity of the magnetic separator, and on the other hand on problem-free, i.e. Cleaning of the drawn magnet material from the surface can be carried out with as little effort as possible and with optimum effectiveness of the solid of revolution.

The object is achieved in that the rotational body has an opposite to the material to be processed and / or a Has carrier medium for the material impermeable surface, and that below the rotational body in the direction of the axis a feeding and / or conveying device is arranged which has a surface area extending in the direction of the axis of the body of revolution forms a separating gap in the cutting zone.

130025/0139

29A9855

KHD - 6 - H 79/61

The invention has the following advantages:

the removal of the drawn material from the surface of the rotating body is complete easy to accomplish with the simplest means,

the dwell time of the material in the separating gap and thus in the area of the cutting zone is relative long, as a result of which the qualitative and / or quantitative performance of the magnetic separator optimal,

- The crop is managed independently of the influences of gravitational acceleration as well as movement and / or the nature of the surface of the rotating body, which is why it is absolutely uniform and optimally metered crop guidance is possible with simple means.

A magnetic separator is already known in which the material is guided with the aid of a rotating body below arranged conveyor takes place in the direction of the axis of the rotating body (DE-AS 23 07 273). This magnetic separator However, generically corresponds approximately to a cross

130025/01 39

KHD - 7 - H 79/61

band separator with a rotating driver, which one Has lattice structure.

In the case of one designed as a matrix with a lattice structure As is known, drivers result in problems with regard to cleaning. This requires considerable effort, such as for example the arrangement of air nozzles. In this case, however, the one to be expected should be the one to be expected, especially in the case of dry cutting Dust whirling in the way of the use of larger bubble energies is a hindrance, and on the other hand, a satisfactory one Question cleaning. Such difficulties are overcome with the invention.

One embodiment of the invention provides that the task and / or the conveying device in the separating gap is adapted approximately to the curvature of the rotating body.

This configuration has the advantage that the separating gap extends over the entire width of a cross-section under consideration has approximately the same width. As a result, assuming the same magnetic forces in the cutting zone, the effect of the magnetic separation forces on particles of the same size and susceptibility in a cross-sectional area

130025/0139

KHD H 79/61

of the separation gap approximately the same. This will result in the separation qualitatively and quantitatively optimized.

In an embodiment of the invention it is further provided that the height of the separating gap decreases in the direction of the material flow.

This measure has the advantage that when the material enters the relatively high area of the separating gap first only those parts are drawn which have the highest susceptibility. The stream of material that is thinned as a result becomes less and less as it is transported further through areas of the separating gap Height one after the other. In each case good parts with lower susceptibility are drawn, and finally in the lowest range of the separating gap, shortly before leaving the cutting zone, the good parts with the lowest susceptibility. Finally the non-magnetic is thrown off. This ensures that the selectivity of the magnetic separator in the separation of the dry-solid mixture into fractions according to the susceptibility with the simplest Funds can be adjusted and consequently optimized.

In an embodiment of the magnetic separator it is further provided that the surface of the rotation body has a profile. Such a preferably rotationally symmetrically oriented Profiling is advantageously used to reduce the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field and to generate locally high field gradients

130025/0139

KHD - 9 - H 79/61

an increase in the field strength in the separation gap in the direction of the Axis of the solid of revolution.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the magnetic separator has at least one collecting device laterally next to the rotating body for the magnetic material discharged from the ur side. An arrangement in which the collecting device Has subdivisions to accommodate different fractions.

This arrangement has the advantage that magnetically different fractions are collected separately from one another and thus can be obtained separately.

This design is also uncomplicated, clear, Realized with little effort and easy to monitor during operation.

In a further embodiment it is provided that a preferably above the collecting device on the rotating body Abstreiforgan is arranged.

This stripping device prevents the build-up of magnetic material on the surface of the rotating body in a manner known per se, for example due to magnetic remanence.

- 10 -

130025/0139

KHD - 10 - H 79/61

The advantageous, uncomplicated and effective function of this wiper element is possible because the surface of the rotation body is impermeable and preferably smooth for goods and / or carrier media.

See an advantageous embodiment of the magnetic separator further before that the task and / or conveying device is designed as a slide.

Such a slide is understood to mean a channel running at a gradient, preferably with a smooth bottom, which the material contains passes under the influence of the acceleration of gravity. If necessary, the flow of material - as known per se Vibration can be helped.

In the case of a roller magnetic separator, for example the pole of the magnet system arranged under the roller can be designed directly as a slide.

In a further advantageous embodiment it is provided that the task and / or conveyor device is an endless conveyor belt is trained.

Such a configuration has the advantage that it can be created with conventional components, it is also relatively uncomplicated and inexpensive, and also has the advantage of optimal controllability.

- 11 -

130025/0139

K H - 11 -

KHD H 79/61

Alternatively, it can be provided that the feeding and / or conveying device is designed as a vibrating channel. and Finally, the feeding and / or conveying device can be designed as an air conveying channel. The design as an air conveyor trough has the particular advantage that the feed material is loosened with the air and in the layer is circulated, whereby a best possible approach of each particle to the optimal area of action of the Magnet system in the cutting zone is achieved.

It can be provided in an expedient embodiment that the magnetic separator is designed either as a roller magnetic separator or as a drum magnetic separator according to professional judgment is.

A particularly useful design of a magnetic drum separator according to the invention results from the fact that the magnet system is equipped with superconducting coils, which, including the cryostat, are arranged inside the drum.

In a further embodiment it can finally be provided that the rotational body has the shape of a cylindrical or conical, preferably elongated body.

- 12 -

130025/0139

KHD - 12 - H 79/61

The length of the body has an advantageous effect in particular on the length of the dwell time of the material in the working gap.

In the following the invention is explained in more detail with reference to embodiments in the drawing. Show it:

1 shows a roller magnetic separator according to the invention in section,

2 shows a drum magnetic separator according to the invention in section,

3 shows a magnetic drum separator with a chute as a feeding and conveying device, in side view and partially in section,

Fig. K a magnetic separator comprising an endless belt as a feeding and conveying device, in side view,

Fig. 5 the magnetic separator Fig.4 ι in view, in the direction of its axis,

6 shows a magnetic separator with a feeding and conveying device in the form of a vibrating channel, in side view.

130025/0139

K H]

ti 7Q

KHD H 79/61

a magnetic separator with an air conveyor channel, also in view,

In the roller magnetic separator according to FIG. 1, an induction roller 1 rotates between the magnetic poles 2 and 3 in the direction of arrow 4. The two magnetic poles 2 and 3 are through an iron yoke 5 magnetically connected to each other and are excited by the coil 6. At a distance below the roller 1 a feeding and conveying device 9 arranged in the direction of the axis 8 can be seen, which with a layer of material

10 is covered. This forms with the in the direction of the Axis 8 extending surface area 11 of the roller 1 in the cutting zone 12 a separating gap "A". At the magnetically induced roller 1 adheres magnetic material 13, which is within the cutting zone 12 by the magnetic Attractive forces are lifted from the material layer 10 and applied the surface 11 of the roller 1 was magnetically deposited as a precipitation wall.

A stripper 14 releases the drawn material 13 from the surface

11 of the roller 1, so that this from the collecting device 15 is recorded.

The magnetic drum separator according to FIG. 2 shows in cross section the drum 16 with a magnet system 17 with the coils 18, which is fixedly arranged in its interior illustrated task and conveying device 28 is as

130025/0139

KHD ^H

Air conveyor channel formed, with an air duct 19, which is supplied with air through the line 20. The loosening air flows through a porous bottom 21 of the air conveying channel 28, the shape of which is adapted to the curvature of the drum 16, whereby the material layer 22 guided along it is fluidised, that is to say loosened and circulated by the air flowing through it. As a result, the individual particles of the material layer 22 within the magnetic ^{gap n} A ^{M are} captured by the magnetic forces of attraction within the cutting zone and attracted to the surface 2k of the drum 16, where they adhere as magnetic material 25 and are finally grasped and stripped by the scraper 26. Stripped magnetic material is taken up by the collecting device 27 and removed.

3 shows a drum separator with a drum 16, shown partially in section. This has a profiled one Surface 24 through which the outwardly open field of the magnet system 17 is inhomogeneously distorted, the Profile peaks 72 concentrate the field lines, as a result of which locally high field gradients are generated in their area. Below the drum 16 is a chute 71 with such a gradient as a feed and / or conveying device arranged to the horizontal that the at the arrow 53

- 15 -

130025/0139

KHD - 15 - ^{H 79/61}

^{The specified location trickles through the magnetic gap 11} A ″, which is narrowed in the transport direction 39, under the influence of the acceleration of gravity the surface 24 of the drum 16. The axis of the drum 16 is denoted by the number 34. It is rotatably arranged in a bearing (not shown) so that the roller is also set at any inclination to the horizontal in accordance with the position of the chute 71 Collecting devices 36, 37, 38, 38 and 41 catch good types I, II, III, IHa and IV. Magnetic good I has the highest susceptibility, followed by types II, III and IHa with decreasing susceptibility, while type IV contains the non-magnetic good.

Fig. 4 shows a drum magnetic separator with a task and / or conveyor device in the form of an endless belt This is between the profiled rollers 31, 32; 31 ', 32 * out and adapted in the conveying cross-section of the curvature of the drum 33, as shown in Fig. 5 by the view is illustrated in the direction of the axis 34. The goods are given up at the point indicated by the arrow 53.

- 16 -

130025/0139

KHD - 16 - ^H 79/61

Fig. 4 also shows a discharge device 35 with separate boxes 36, 37 and 38 for collecting the fractions I, II, III. The non-magnetic material 40 thrown off at the right end when the belt 30 is moved in the direction of the arrow is held by a separate collecting device 41 aufgenonuaen. In the view FIG. 4 also shows a scraper 42 which frees the drum 33 from adhering magnetic material. In the illustrated Example is the width "A" of the magnetic gap over the entire Length almost unchanged.

However, the tape transport device 31 »31 ', 32, 32 · with With the aid of adjusting spindles 43, both the height and the inclination relative to the horizontal can be changed, which makes it possible to use the magnetic gap "A" adjustable in width parallel or wedge-shaped.

A drum magnetic separator with a vibrating conveyor trough 50 as a feed and / or conveying device is shown in FIG Arrow 54. The vibrating channel 50 is fastened with adjustable chain hangers 55, 55 ^f in a frame (not shown in detail) or hanging from a ceiling. By adjusting the tension members 56, 56, the magnetic gap ^W A ^H with respect to the drum 57 can be set variably.

- 17 -

130025/0139

KHD

U 7O IC

- 17 -

KHD H 79/61

Collection devices 58, 59, 60 and 61 for fractions I, II and III and for non-magnetic material IV are only indicated schematically.

Finally, Fig. 6 shows, partly in view, partly in section, a drum magnetic separator with the drum 62, the axle and the schematically indicated bearings 64. Below that is the air conveying channel 65 through the porous bottom 66 of air from the chamber 67 for loosening and Transporting the goods is passed through. The floor is arranged with an inclination with respect to the horizontal "H" corresponding to the angle CX, whereby the material entered according to arrow 70 is transported in the direction of arrow 69 over the porous floor 66 of the air conveyor channel 65. The connection piece 68 serves to supply the chamber 67 with air.

With regard to the adjustability of the working gap in terms of height and wedge shape, what has been said above applies accordingly, by adjusting the magnetic gap by adjusting devices not shown in detail and at the discretion of the person skilled in the art with regard to the absolute height or thickness as well as with regard to a wedge-shaped narrowing in the direction of the Guttransportes 69 can be changed as desired.

- 18 -

130025/0139

KHD - 18 - H 79/61

The embodiments of the invention according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 7 merely represent exemplary embodiments . Any configuration thereof, insofar as it is within the discretion of the person skilled in the art without inventive achievement, therefore also fall under the invention.

130025/0139

Claims (1)

December 11, 1979 KHD Gr / Wr H 79/61 Claims 1. Magnetic separator, in particular for separating a dry solid mixture into fractions according to the susceptibility, with a rotating body rotatably arranged in the area of a magnetically flooded stationary cutting zone, to which the material to be processed is fed in the direction of its axis, characterized in that the rotating body ( 1, 16, 33, 57, 62) has a surface (11, 24, 33) which is impermeable to the material to be processed and / or a carrier medium for the material, and that at a distance below the rotating body (1, 16, 33, 57, 62) a feeding and / or conveying device is arranged in the direction of the axis (8, 34, 63) which is connected to a surface area (11, 24) of the rotating body (1, 16, 33, 57, 62) in the cutting zone (12 ) forms a separating gap ( ^K A ^M ). 2. Magnetic separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the feeding and / or conveying device in the separating gap ( ⁿ A ^M ) is adapted approximately to the curvature of the rotating body (1, 16, 33, 57, 62). 3. Magnetic separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the height of the separating gap ("A") in the direction of the material flow (39, 54, 69) decreases. 130025/0139 ORIGINAL INSPECTED KHD - 2 - H 79/61 4. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the surface (11, 24, 33) of the rotary body (1, 16, 33, 57, 62) has a profile (72). 5. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the side of the rotating body (1, 16, 33, 57, 62) at least one collecting device (15, 27, 35, 41, 61) is arranged for magnetic material discharged to the side is. 6. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the collecting device (15, 27, 35) Subdivisions (36, 37, 38; 58, 59, 60) for receiving different fractions (I, II, III). 7. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that preferably above the collecting device (15, 27, 35) on the rotating body (1, 16, 33, 57, 62) a stripping member (14, 26, 42) is arranged. 8. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized characterized in that the task and / or conveying device is designed as a slide (71). 1 30025/0 139 KHD - 3 - H 79/61 9. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the task and / or conveying device as Endless conveyor belt (30) is formed. 10. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the task and / or conveying device is designed as a vibrating channel (50). 11. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized characterized in that the task and / or conveyor device is designed as an air conveyor trough (65, 66, 67, 68). 12. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the magnetic separator as a roller magnetic separator is trained. 13. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the magnetic separator as a drum magnetic separator is trained. 14. Magnetic separator according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the rotary body (1, 16, 33, 57, 62) has the shape of a cylindrical or conical, preferably elongated body. 130025/0139