DE2552950A1 - Incendiary ammunition - Google Patents

Description

• 3.

DIEHL, 85 Nuremberg, Stephanstr. 49

Incendiary ammunition

The invention relates to incendiary ammunition, in particular to an anti-tank explosive projectile, the penetration core of which is designed as a hollow projectile and is provided with an explosive incendiary charge that can be ignited primarily via a bottom fuse, in which in front of the penetration core, enclosed by a ballistic hood, a self-igniting upon target impact, Fire effect causing, pyrotechnic mass is provided.

Through the DT-PS 622 288 a fire projectile is already known, in the tip of which, enclosed by a shell that breaks on impact, a self-igniting filling that lights up when it comes into contact with air, behind this filling a penetration core and again behind this one on target impact spreadable and ignitable incendiary device is housed.

Another projectile of the type mentioned is known from DT-PSs 1 240 760, 1 578 115 and 1 578 120 and DT-OS 20 34 091. In these, an incendiary tank projectile with a penetration

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Impact core and a pyrotechnic mass arranged in front of the penetration core, which is provided by a ballistic Hood is enclosed. Another pyrotechnic mass, namely an explosive or explosive fire mass, is behind or arranged in the penetration core designed as a hollow storey. While the incendiary mass arranged in the top here, analogous to the solution according to DT-PS 622 288, also self-ignites when the tip is torn open or when air is admitted, the pyrotechnic mass arranged within the hollow storey is primarily dependent on the incendiary mass in the Tip or ignited from a tracer provided at the rear. If it is designed as an explosive charge, the Ignition primarily an impact bottom igniter provided.

The incendiary material arranged in the hood of such projectiles consists in a known manner of white phosphorus or a magnesium-phosphorus mixture. Such fire masses require atmospheric oxygen in order to be effective. They also have the disadvantage that they are mechanically and especially not thermally resistant. In the case of projectiles such as those mentioned above, which _{are fired with a V Q} of more than 1000 m / s, the hood may be heated to over 500 ° C. during flight. At 417 ° C, however, the phosphorus evaporates. As a result, there is not only the risk that the incendiary material will ignite by itself before the impact, but also that the canopy will be deformed or blown off during the flight due to the gas pressure and that the projectile will be deflected by the escape of gases from the side and thus miss the Objective is brought about.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide the aforementioned for incendiary projectiles Kinds which are fired at very high speed, i.e. generally those before and during the launch of a high mechanical and thermal stress are subject to provide a fire mass in the hood, which this mechanical and withstands thermal stress and is only safely ignited when it hits the target. This incendiary material should also be used in

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respond safely at high altitudes with a lower proportion of atmospheric oxygen or in the complete absence of atmospheric oxygen come to full effect.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that the pyrotechnic mass consists of a mechanically and thermally high resilient mixture of an energy carrier and an oxygen carrier consists, which mixture to ignite at Target surcharge initiated by mechanical stress is attached.

Incendiary compounds of the type mentioned are known as thermite sets in pyrotechnics and as filling for incendiary bombs and the like. They only ignite at a temperature of at least 600 ° C and with prolonged exposure to heat. You therefore need one Ignition charge.

According to a further feature of the invention, the mixture can have a metal powder or metal powder mixture as the reducing agent (energy carrier) and a metal oxide as the oxidizing agent (oxygen carrier), the mixing ratio of which is primarily chosen so that the mixture takes effect without the admission of atmospheric oxygen. However, the mixing ratio is primarily chosen so that there is a slight excess of reducing agent. For example, Mg, Al, Zr, Ti in powder form, possibly with the addition of cerium or cerium alloys, as oxygen carriers, powdery Fe ₂ O ^, ^Fe 3 ° 4 «Μη ^ 2 ' ^Mn 3 ° 4 ^{or the} like. Serve as energy carriers .

A mechanical one is used to ignite the incendiary material when it hits the target and thermally highly resilient, initiable by mechanical stress primer is proposed that the Igniting the ignitable incendiary material supplies the required heat over a correspondingly long burning time. For this have mainly Perchlorate sets proven to be suitable, primarily sets made from magnesium-potassium perchlorate, zirconium-potassium perchlorate or cerium iron potassium perchlorate.

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With projectiles of the type mentioned, there is absolute certainty that the incendiary charge enclosed by the hood will be in flight not self-ignited. In addition, since it does not contain phosphorus, there is no risk that it will become too hot if it is heated produce toxic fumes. Nevertheless, the incendiary compound fulfills the desired purpose, namely the surface after the target impact to cover the target with fire.

Details of the invention can be found in the following description an example illustrated by the drawing.

The figure shows a longitudinal section through a tank explosive fire projectile, an incendiary compound according to the invention is housed in the hood.

The invention is equally applicable to incendiary ammunition of other types, e.g. B. those suitable in which the breakdown core as Solid core or is not itself provided with its own detonator.

According to the figure, a penetration core designed as a hollow storey is on 1 at the front a ballistic hood 2 is attached, z. B. screwed or flared, in the tip of an ignition charge 3 from an ignition mixture that can be triggered by strong mechanical stress and immediately thereafter a Incendiary compound 4 is pressed in. Before the ignition charge 3 and the incendiary compound 4 are pressed in, the hood 2 is for the better Support and protection inside, mainly covered with asphalt varnish.

The incendiary material 4 consists of a known Thermitatz from an energy source, for. B. a metal powder or metal powder mixture, and a sour substance carrier, z. B. a metal oxide. The main energy carriers are Mg, Al, Zr, Ti with the addition of cerium and cerium alloys, and the oxygen carriers Fe ₉ O ,, Fe ₇ -O. , MnO ₀ , Μη, Ο ,, oa suitable. The mixture of

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The above-mentioned energy and oxygen carriers are primarily chosen so that the incendiary material can be used without the admission of atmospheric oxygen, i.e. at very high altitudes as well as under water or in containers inaccessible to air is responsive. Preferably a certain excess weight will be attained. Energy source chosen. An incendiary material from a such mixture, e.g. B. Magnesium + F ^ O ^ only ignites at a temperature of about 600 ° C and relatively slowly.

A separate ignition charge is required to ignite this mechanically and thermally insensitive incendiary material. For this the primer 3 consists of a substance that brings about the required heating not only for a short time, but with the energy required for lighting over a sufficient heating period. For this purpose, mainly perchlorate sets, such as magnesium-potassium-perchlorate, zirconium-potassium-perchlorate, cerium-potassium-perchlorate.

The burning time of the incendiary material 4, the purpose of before pressing Preventing segregation and primarily granulating for the purpose of better compressibility can be varied the grain size of the energy source, e.g. B. the metal powder affect.

In the hollow storey 1 itself there is a charge 5, for. B. an explosive charge, which in a known manner at the target impact delayed, i.e. primarily only after bullet 1 has penetrated the target, via a floor detonator arranged at the rear 6 is detonated.

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Claims (5)

Patent claims: \ 1. ) Incendiary projectile, in particular armored explosive bullet, the penetration core of which is designed as a hollow projectile and is provided with an explosive incendiary charge that can be ignited primarily via a bottom igniter, in which in front of the penetration core, enclosed by a ballistic hood, a self-igniting fire effect that causes the target impact, pyrotechnic mass is provided, characterized in that the pyrotechnic mass (4) consists of a mechanically and thermally highly resilient mixture of an energy carrier and an oxygen carrier, to which mixture is added an ignition charge (3) which can be initiated by mechanical stress when the target is hit. 2. Incendiary projectile according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture is a metal powder or metal powder mixture as the reducing agent and has a metal oxide as the oxidizing agent, the mixing ratio of which is selected so that it may optionally it burns even without the admission of atmospheric oxygen, although primarily a small excess of reducing agent (Energy source) is available. 3. Incendiary projectile according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the use of powdered Mg, Al, Zr, Ti, possibly with addition of cerium or cerium alloys as energy carriers and powdery FepO ,, Fe, 0. , MnC> 2 »Μη, Ο ^ or the like. as an oxygen carrier. 4. fire projectile according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that the ignition charge consists of a perchlorate charge, such as magnesium-potassium perchlorate, zirconium-potassium perchlorate or cerium iron potassium perchlorate. - 7 709822/0505 5. Incendiary projectile according to claim 1 and one or more of the following claims, characterized in that the primer (3) in the tip of the ballistic hood (2)
and then the incendiary compound (4) is pressed into it. 709822/0505