DE2458038A1 - Heat-resistant non-woven fabrics - of organic fibres bonded by heat at their intersections, without additional binder - Google Patents
Heat-resistant non-woven fabrics - of organic fibres bonded by heat at their intersections, without additional binderInfo
- Publication number
- DE2458038A1 DE2458038A1 DE19742458038 DE2458038A DE2458038A1 DE 2458038 A1 DE2458038 A1 DE 2458038A1 DE 19742458038 DE19742458038 DE 19742458038 DE 2458038 A DE2458038 A DE 2458038A DE 2458038 A1 DE2458038 A1 DE 2458038A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- fibers
- nonwoven fabric
- temperature resistant
- intersections
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012772 electrical insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940018564 m-phenylenediamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/4334—Polyamides
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/542—Adhesive fibres
- D04H1/549—Polyamides
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Hochtemperaturbeständiger Vlies stoff und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung Die Erfindung betrifft einen hochtemperaturbeständigen Vliesstoff aus gebundenen synthetischen Stapel- und/oder Endlosfasern und ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.High temperature resistant nonwoven fabric and process for its manufacture The invention relates to a high temperature resistant nonwoven fabric made of bonded synthetic staple and / or continuous fibers and a process for their production.
Der Vlies stoff zeichnet sich durch eine besonders gute Dauertemperaturbeständigkeit aus, wie sie für zahlreiche Anforderungen, z.B. auf dem Elektro-Isolationssektor erwünscht ist.The nonwoven is characterized by its particularly good long-term temperature resistance as they are for numerous requirements, e.g. in the electrical insulation sector is desirable.
Es ist bekannt, Vliesstoffe auf dem Elektro-Isolationssektor, z.B. als Trägermaterial für Isolationsharze einzusetzen. Dazu werden üblicherweise Materialien verwendet, die aus loo % Polyesterfasern bestehen. Solche Vliesstoffe werden zur späteren Weiterverarbeitung in Form von sogenannten Prepregs eingesetzt. Dies bedeutet, daß diese mit einem reaktiven Isolationsharz, meist auf Basis von Epoxiden und Polyimiden, getränkt werden und das Harz durch eine Wärmebehandlung in den sogenannten B-Zustand überführt wird. In diesem Zustand ist das Harz noch nicht vollständig ausgehärtet. Die vollständige Aushärtung erfolgt erst nach Einbau z.B. in einen Transformator oder einen Elektromotor. Es kann aber auch sein, daß das Vlies ohne vorherige Tränkung verarbeitet wird und erst danach zur Erzielung der Isolationseigenschaften mit einem der vorstehend genannten Harze beträufelt wird.It is known to use nonwovens in the electrical insulation sector, e.g. to be used as a carrier material for insulation resins. Materials are usually used for this purpose used, which consist of loo% polyester fibers. Such nonwovens are used for later further processing in the form of so-called prepregs used. This means, that this with a reactive insulation resin, usually based on Epoxides and polyimides, and the resin through a heat treatment is transferred to the so-called B-stage. The resin is still in this state not fully cured. The complete hardening takes place only after installation e.g. in a transformer or an electric motor. But it can also be that the fleece is processed without prior impregnation and only then to achieve it the insulation properties with one of the resins mentioned above will.
Solange beim späteren Betrieb Dauertemperaturen von maximal 1650 C nicht überschritten werden, sind solche Vliesstoffe in Kombination mit Isolierharzen mit großer Sicher heit als Isolatorenmaterial verwendbar.As long as continuous temperatures of a maximum of 1650 C during later operation are not exceeded, such nonwovens are in combination with insulating resins can be used with great certainty as an insulator material.
Die steigenden Anforderungen auf dem Elektroisolationssektor machen die Suche nach geeigneten Isolationsmaterialien höherer Beständigkeit, insbesondere höhere Dauertemperaturbeständigkeit notwendig. Es müssen in steigendem Maße Isolationsmaterialien verarbeitet werden, die gegen Dauertemperaturen bis zu 250° C beständig sind. Die Beständigkeit gegen kurzfristige Temperatureinwirkungen soll dabei noch höher liegen, zweckmäßig bis zu einem Bereich 0 von etwa 35o C. Innerhalb des vorstehend angegebenen Temperaturbereiches sind z.B. Feinstglasgewebe und Papiere auf Basis von Polyarylamiden einsetzbar. Derartige Produkte sind jedoch meist nicht in dem erforderlichen Maße gleichmäßig strukturiert und oft zuzüglich zu dick. Neben der erhöhten Temperaturbeständigkeit sind auch geringe Stärken - unter 2ooyii, vorzugsweise von etwa 30 bis 80 -erwünscht. Um eine optimale Isolierung auch bei Hochspannungen zu garantieren, soll das Isolationsharz sehr gleichmäßig von dem als Träger dienenden Vlies stoff aufnommen werden. Dies ist bei den bisher bekannten Materialien nicht der Fall. Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen hochtemperaturbeständigen und dabei dünnen Vliesstoff von sehr gleichmäßiger Porosität zu entwickeln.Make the increasing demands on the electrical insulation sector the search for suitable insulation materials of higher resistance, in particular higher permanent temperature resistance necessary. Increasingly, insulation materials are required that are resistant to permanent temperatures of up to 250 ° C. the Resistance to short-term temperature effects should be even higher, expediently up to a range of 0 of about 35 ° C. Within the range given above Temperature range are e.g. fine glass fabrics and papers based on polyarylamides applicable. However, such products are usually not to the required extent evenly structured and often too thick. In addition to the increased temperature resistance Small strengths - below 2ooyii, preferably from about 30 to 80 - are also desirable. In order to guarantee optimal insulation even at high voltages, the insulation resin should very evenly absorbed by the nonwoven fabric serving as a carrier will. This is not the case with the materials known to date. The invention lies therefore the task is based on a high temperature resistant and at the same time thin nonwoven fabric of very uniform porosity.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein hochtemperaturbeständiger Vliesstoff aus gebundenen synthetischen Stapel- und/oder Endlosfasern vorgeschlagen, der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß er bis zu etwa 35o0C temperaturbeständige und bei wenigstens 200 bis 25o0C dauertemperaturbeständige Fasern aus Polyarylamid, Polyarylimid, Polyarylester und/oder Polyarylanhydrid enthält, die ohne zusätzliches Bindemittel an ihren Kreuzungspunkten miteinander verbunden sind, Als besonders geeignet haben sich Polyarylamide erwiesen, die durch Kondensation aus Isophthalsäure und m- Phenylen - Diamin erhalten werden und bis zu etwa 35o°C gegenüber kurzzeitigen Temperatureinwirkungen beständig sind. Die Dauertemperaturbeständigkeit liegt dabei sicher im Bereich von etwa 200 bis 25o0C. Hierbei sind insbesondere solche Polyarylamide zweckmäßig, deren Molekulargewicht innerhalb des Bereiches von etwa 20 ooo bis 70 ooo liegt. Die Fasern sollen eine im wesentlichen kristalline Struktur aufweisen. Der Vliesstoff ist nach einer bevorzugten Ausführung gleichmäßig etwa 20 bis 300 /u stark. Er weist bei einer Dauertemperaturbelastung innerhalb des Bereiches von etwa 200 bis 25o0C noch etwa 60 % seiner Reißfestigkeit bei Raumtemperatur auf. Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoffe erfolgt derart, daß zunächst in an sich bekannter Weise auf trockenem oder nassem Wege ein Vlies aus den hochtemperaturbeständigen Fasern abgelegt wird, das dann ohne Zusatz eines Bindemittels durch ein etwa 80° C heißes Bad aus LiCl oder wasserfreies Mg C12 enthaltendes Dimethylformamidbad geführt wird, wobei die Fasern oberflächlich angelöst werden, und daß das so vorbehandelte Vlies dann in an sich bekannter Weise nach der Entfernung des Dimethylformamids durch Anwendung von Druck und Hitze, z.B. durch Kalandrieren, verfestigt wird. Die Bindung der Fasern erfolgt damit an den Faserkreuzungspunkten und es entsteht ein stabiler Vliesstoff mit sehr gleichmäßiger Porosität. Druck und Temperatur ist während des Kalandrierens so einzustellen, daß die kristalline Struktur der Fasern erhalten bleibt. Die Temperatur und Druckverhältnisse sind gegebenenfalls durch einfache Vorversuche zu ermitteln.According to the invention, a high temperature resistant nonwoven fabric is made from Bound synthetic staple and / or continuous fibers proposed that thereby is characterized to be temperature resistant up to about 35o0C and at least Fibers made of polyarylamide, polyarylimide, polyaryl ester, which are permanently resistant to temperatures of 200 to 25o0C and / or contains polyarylanhydride, which without additional binder at their points of intersection are connected to one another, Polyarylamides have proven to be particularly suitable, obtained by condensation from isophthalic acid and m-phenylene diamine and are resistant to brief temperature effects up to about 35o ° C. The long-term temperature resistance is certainly in the range from about 200 to 25o0C. Those polyarylamides are particularly useful here, their molecular weight is within the range of about 20,000 to 70,000. The fibers should be one have an essentially crystalline structure. The nonwoven fabric is preferred according to one Execution evenly about 20 to 300 / u strong. He shows a permanent temperature load within the range of about 200 to 25oC still about 60% of its tear strength at room temperature. The nonwovens according to the invention are produced in such a way that initially in a manner known per se in a dry or wet way Fleece from the high-temperature-resistant fibers is deposited, which is then without additive a binding agent through a bath of LiCl or anhydrous Mg at about 80 ° C C12 containing dimethylformamide bath is performed, the fibers superficially are dissolved, and that the so pretreated fleece then in a known manner after removal of the dimethylformamide by the application of pressure and heat, e.g. by calendering. The fibers are bound to the Fiber crossing points and the result is a stable nonwoven fabric with a very uniform Porosity. The pressure and temperature are to be adjusted during the calendering so that the crystalline structure of the fibers is preserved. The temperature and pressure conditions are to be determined by simple preliminary tests if necessary.
Beispiel 2 Man bereitet ein Vlies aus 80 g/m' Polyarylamidfasern mit einem Molekulargewicht von ca. 50 ooo und einer Temperaturbeständigkeit bis ca. 35o0C. Dieses Vlies wird durch eine etwa 80 0C heiße Lösung von Dimethylformamid und LiCl geführt. Die Lösung enthält etwa 2% LiCl. Die Polyarylamidfasern werden dabei angelöst. Die LiCl-haltige Dimethylformamidlösung wird in geeigneter Weise, z.B.Example 2 A nonwoven made of 80 g / m 2 of polyarylamide fibers is also prepared a molecular weight of approx. 50,000 and a temperature resistance of up to approx. 35o0C. This fleece is made from a solution of dimethylformamide at about 80 ° C. and LiCl led. The solution contains about 2% LiCl. The polyarylamide fibers are thereby solved. The LiCl-containing dimethylformamide solution is suitably e.g.
durch Anwendung eines Gegenstromverfahrens vollständig wieder aus dem Vlies entfernt und die Bindung der Fasern durch Kalandrieren bei etwa 200 OC herbeigeführt. Der erhaltene Vliesstoff eignet sich gut als Elektroisolationsmaterial und hat eine Dicke von ca. 9o bis loo/u.completely off again by using a countercurrent process the fleece is removed and the fibers are bonded by calendering at about 200 ° C brought about. The obtained nonwoven fabric is well suited as an electrical insulation material and has a thickness of about 9o to 10o / u.
Es ist wichtig, daß das Dimethylformamid und das LiCl vollständig aus dem Vlies entfernt werden. Die Struktur der Vliese kann je nach den Arbeitbedingungen, insbesondere der Einwirkungszeit des LiCl-haltigen Dimethylformamids verschieden sein. Das Dimethylformamid und das LiCl können im Kreislauf zurückgewonnen und wieder verwendet werdenIt is important that the dimethylformamide and LiCl are complete removed from the fleece. The structure of the fleece can, depending on the working conditions, in particular the exposure time of the LiCl-containing dimethylformamide different be. The dimethylformamide and the LiCl can be recycled and again be used
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19742458038 DE2458038A1 (en) | 1974-12-07 | 1974-12-07 | Heat-resistant non-woven fabrics - of organic fibres bonded by heat at their intersections, without additional binder |
| US05/637,488 US4113537A (en) | 1974-12-07 | 1975-12-03 | Heat resistant nonwoven fabric and method of manufacturing same |
| JP14585075A JPS597819B2 (en) | 1974-12-07 | 1975-12-05 | Manufacturing method for nonwoven fabric that can withstand high temperatures |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19742458038 DE2458038A1 (en) | 1974-12-07 | 1974-12-07 | Heat-resistant non-woven fabrics - of organic fibres bonded by heat at their intersections, without additional binder |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2458038A1 true DE2458038A1 (en) | 1976-08-26 |
Family
ID=5932877
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19742458038 Pending DE2458038A1 (en) | 1974-12-07 | 1974-12-07 | Heat-resistant non-woven fabrics - of organic fibres bonded by heat at their intersections, without additional binder |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS597819B2 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2458038A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3707357A1 (en) * | 1987-03-07 | 1988-09-15 | Akzo Gmbh | TIED AREAS OF INORGANIC FIBERS |
| FR2630135A1 (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1989-10-20 | Albany Research Uk | COMPOUND COMPRISING A FIBROUS STRUCTURE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SUCH A COMPOUND |
| US5229184A (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1993-07-20 | Albany International Corporation | Heat shrinkable fibres and products therefrom |
| EP3438338A4 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2019-05-01 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | STRUCTURE OF HEAT-RESISTANT FIBERS |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6253480A (en) * | 1986-08-11 | 1987-03-09 | 金井 宏之 | Production of adhesive core cloth |
-
1974
- 1974-12-07 DE DE19742458038 patent/DE2458038A1/en active Pending
-
1975
- 1975-12-05 JP JP14585075A patent/JPS597819B2/en not_active Expired
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3707357A1 (en) * | 1987-03-07 | 1988-09-15 | Akzo Gmbh | TIED AREAS OF INORGANIC FIBERS |
| FR2630135A1 (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1989-10-20 | Albany Research Uk | COMPOUND COMPRISING A FIBROUS STRUCTURE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SUCH A COMPOUND |
| GR890100110A (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1990-01-31 | Albany Research Uk | Improvements relating to heat contracted fibres and products of these fibres |
| EP0337597A3 (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1990-12-27 | Albany Research (Uk) Limited | Improvements in and relating to heat shrinkable fibres and products therefrom |
| BE1002706A5 (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1991-05-14 | Albany Res Uk Ltd | HEAT SHRINKABLE FIBERS AND PRODUCTS COMPRISING THE SAME. |
| US5229184A (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1993-07-20 | Albany International Corporation | Heat shrinkable fibres and products therefrom |
| CH684726GA3 (en) * | 1988-04-14 | 1994-12-15 | Albany Int Corp | Product comprising a fibrous structure comprising distinct groups of fibers showing a higher density. |
| EP3438338A4 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2019-05-01 | Kuraray Co., Ltd. | STRUCTURE OF HEAT-RESISTANT FIBERS |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS597819B2 (en) | 1984-02-21 |
| JPS5182079A (en) | 1976-07-19 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OHW | Rejection |