DE2228574A1 - Aiming device - Google Patents

Description

Priority: June 11, 1971, V.St.A., no.152 337

The invention relates to a target device which is particularly suitable for use in firearms, such as shotguns and the like., suitable is.

The use of collimator sighting devices with a target mark that is brought into a field of view by means of a reflective device projected is previously known and such a targeting device is disclosed in U.S. Patent 2,633,051. Another such device is shown in U.S. Patent 2,472,809. One difficulty with aiming devices this type occurs, lies in the brightness of the image of the target mark, which is superimposed on the field of view. When the aiming device have the greatest possible usefulness in all daylight conditions from dawn to dusk should, the image of the target mark must be as bright as possible. According to US Pat. No. 2,472,809, the problem of brightness the target mark by the arrangement of an internal source of illumination for the target mark and a device for varying the Intensity of the illumination source can be solved. However, this solution is expensive and therefore for use in aiming devices of the lower and middle price range not very desirable. Also, this solution requires the use of two target marks, one

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for use in bright ambient light and one for use in dim ambient light.

It should also be noted that a number of known collimator sights must be used binocularly, i. that one eye is looking at the target and the other is looking at the target mark and the two eyes are superimposed on both views, so that the user sees the target mark aligned with the target. This type of aiming device has proven to be very useful Proven for people who can sufficiently coordinate both eyes. But it has been shown that the vast majority the Sagittarius is unable to achieve such coordination and, consequently, because of the exophoric phenomenon cannot use the aiming device.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a target device which is bright in all daylight conditions Target supplies.

The aiming device according to the invention solves the problem of the brightness of the target mark through use a target made of a fluorescent material, for example a fluorescent, colored acrylic polymer that is exposed to ambient light. The material for the production of the target mark is based on its light-guiding properties as well as its ability to receive the light chosen by its side walls and to pass on the received light to its end walls. The size and shape of the body formed target mark is chosen so that the target mark body has a considerably larger side wall area through which light can be received is called the end or edge wall surface through which light is projected. The light is thus proportional through a received larger side wall surface and through a ver.

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relatively smaller front wall area forwarded so that the front wall part appears considerably lighter than the side wall surface. The target mark is preferably in the form of a rod or film. If it is a pole, it must the target body representing the source of illumination have a maximum diameter of approx. 5> 08 mm (0.2 inches), to provide the necessary brightness of the target image. The diameter of the illumination source is preferably representing rod in the range from approx. 0.51 mm to approx. 3.81 mm (0.02 to 0.15 inches). If the target mark body representing the source of illumination is a film or plate, its Thickness within the limits given above for the diameter of the rod. The target is made of a fluorescent, colored material, which emits a colored light beam in a preselected, narrow wavelength band of the spectrum emits. Most preferred is a material that emits an orange-colored light that is suitable for the . Is most easily visible to the eye.

The target mark is attached so that its side wall area is completely exposed to the ambient light, which is consequently absorbed into the interior of the target mark body. The other end wall area can extend into a darkened chamber and consequently appears as a bright spot inside the darkened chamber. A mirror is arranged in the device in such a way that it sheds the light from the target mark at an angle of about 90 ° to a partially reflecting mirror, which is preferably with a dichroic, reflective coating is provided, which is chosen so that it only the respective wavelength of the Reflected light emanating from the target mark, so that the partial reflector consequently acts as a dichroic beam splitter. The dichroic coating allows essentially all other wavelengths of light through the partially reflective one Going through mirrors without reflection. The dichroic

Beam splitter can be designed to reflect a first given narrow band of colored light and emit a second given narrow band of colored light transmits, with an almost unlimited number of combinations being reflected and transmitted colors is possible. The dichroic reflector is in a field that delimits the field of view Housing arranged and reflects the image of the target mark to the eye of the user. The light from the target can pass through the partial reflector substantially unimpeded, so that the user includes the field of view of the target with an overlaid image of the target mark. A collimator lens is between the reticle and the dichroic Arranged beam splitter to the imaging of the target mark comprehensive rays along parallel paths to let through to the beam splitter. This allows the user to move their head when using the device, without the target mark image leaving the target, seen in the field of view, and projecting the image of the target mark to infinity, so that it appears to be aimed at the goal.

The darkened chamber is preferably in the form of a tube or a tube which is in the housing of the aiming device is pivotally mounted. Side and height adjustment heads are attached to the housing, which are used to swivel the tube, be operated against the bias of a spring in order to move the image of the target mark and thereby in the Targeted aiming / honing error in the projectile trajectory correct to zero.

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The invention is therefore a target device with a target mark made of a fluorescent one Acrylic polymer, which is arranged outside the field of view and whose image is projected into the field of view. It becomes a partial reflector to overlay the image the target mark across the field of view. This partial reflector is provided with a dichroic coating, which has a strong reflection of wavelength or color of the light coming from the target mark and a high transmittance for another preselected wavelength or the color of a light forming the background for the target image. The target is from formed a body, the longitudinal dimension of which is considerable is greater than its thickness or strength.

The invention and advantageous details of the invention are described below with reference to schematic drawings two embodiments explained in more detail.

1 is a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of a target device according to FIG the invention?

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the device shown in Fig. 1 and shows the manner in which the target image is superimposed on the image of the target will;

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Fig. 3 is an end view of the apparatus of Fig. 2 showing the target and target image, such as they appear to the viewer;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section through part of the device according to Fig. 2 and shows how the side and height adjustment he follows;

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a helical designed target mark body for use in the device according to the invention; evenly

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a shaped target body for use in the invention Contraption;

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section through part of the sighting device and shows the sighting mark applied therein according to FIG Fig. 5;

8 is a longitudinal section through part of the sighting device and shows the sighting mark applied therein according to FIG Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section through another embodiment of a target device according to the invention.

The preferred embodiment of a sighting device according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises a housing, generally designated 2, which has an upper part 4 and a lower part 6 which extend in the longitudinal direction of the housing and parallel to one another. Both ends of the lower part 6 are open, while the rear end of the upper part 4 is preferably closed by an opaque plate 8. A tubular or sleeve-shaped part 10 made of translucent plastic or glass is attached to the front end of the upper part 4 so that it extends forward from the upper part, the foremost end of the sleeve 10 preferably being closed. It should be noted that the housing 2 in any known way _s can be modified in order on a firearm or 3inem other instrument to which the target device comparable

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should be applied to be able to be attached. On the upper part 4 of the housing are two straightening heads 12 of known design for lateral and height correction, the mode of operation of which is explained in more detail below, attached.

As can be seen from FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper part 4 of the Housing has a bore 14, which is preferably circular in cross section and in which a tubular or tubular part 16 is appropriate. The rear end of the tube 16 is preferably expanded radially at 18 to provide a pivot bearing for the tube 16 to form. As a result, the tube 16 can pivot about its rear end within the bore 14. Before the expansion 18 can be in close engagement with the viand of the bore 14 a rubber ring 20 be attached so that no light between the wall of the bore 14 and the extension 18 to the rear can get through. On the wall of the bore 14 and also on the tube 16 there is a leaf spring at a point in front of the extension 18 22 is attached in such a way that it biases the tube 16 so that it can pivot about the extension 18 into the two straightening heads 12 each screwed in an adjusting screw 24, the inner ends of which are in engagement with the tube 16 approximately 90 ° at a distance from one another. The spring 22 is arranged so that it biases the tube 16 against both screws 24.

In the front end of the tube 16 is a disk 26 with an opening 28 arranged in the middle. Through this opening 28 extends a source of illumination, as Body-trained ^ rf shape of a rod of colored, fluorescent material. The target wheel 30 protrudes forwards out of the pane 26 and into the boundary of the transparent one Sleeve 10. The target mark 30 is preferably in the form of a solid, cylindrical body made of an acrylic polymer intended. This body is produced in a known manner by extruding the polymer in powder form. The poly

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merisat contains a dye additive that gives it color, and preferably a light color, such as red or orange, and also contains an additive that gives it the greatest possible Fluorescence there. Another additive is contained in it, the greatest possible fluorescence imparted to the polymer 'There is permanence. The target mark has a length dimension, a height or thickness dimension, and a width dimension. When the target mark has the shape of a cylinder, as shown in FIG. 2, the thickness and width are the same. It was found that the diameter of the target mark 30, if it is a rod, is at most about 5.08 mm (0.2 inches) to give sufficient brightness to the target image, and preferably in the range of should be about 0.51 mm to about 3.81 mm (0.02 to 0.15 inches) in order to maximize the brightness of the target image give. Any enlargement or reduction of the rod diameter outside of the stated ranges leads to an undesirable one Loss of brightness in the image of the target mark. The longitudinal dimension must be considerably larger than the thickness, thus a body with a relatively large side wall area compared to the front wall surface. The large side panel is exposed to ambient light by being Is arranged within the transparent sleeve 10. The ambient light so passes through the large side wall area and is passed through the body of the target and in the Reflected inside and arranged by the inside of the tube 16 Front face of the target mark released. As a result, the inner end face 32 of the target mark 30 appears as a very bright-colored spot in the darkened interior of tube 16. The fluorescence of the material from which the target mark is established, increases the brightness of the end wall 32 of the target mark quite significantly. The disc 26 can consist of a Be made opaque material that prevents ambient light from entering the tube 16, so that the Interior of the tube 16 is darkened, whereby the end face

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32 of the target mark in contrast to the dark interior of the tube and appears on disk 26 as a bright, colored spot. on the other hand However, the disc 26 can also be made of a translucent, colored plastic, which Ambient light into the interior of the tube 16 in the form of a colored light of the same color as the disc 26 lets through. It should be noted that the front face 34 of the target mark 30 is painted with an opaque coating can be without thereby reducing the brightness of the inner end face 32. The optimal brightness is achieved when the rod is longer than about 50.8 mm (2 inches) but not longer than about 76.2 mm (3 inches) and if the rod diameter is within the limits given above.

In the interior of the tube 16, a collimator lens 36 is attached, which the light beams from the end wall 32 of the Target enlarged and converted into parallel, aligned beams, which are then directed onto a reflector 38, which is attached to the plate 8. This reflector 38 is preferably a front surface mirror, in order to switch off a double image of the end face 32 of the target mark, which would otherwise appear on the reflector. if a front surface mirror is also preferred, so are other reflective devices, for example Prisms or the like. Usable within the scope of the invention.

The light rays coming from the target mark face 32 are reflected downward by the reflector 38 onto a partial reflector 40 which is located in the lower part 6 of the housing 2 is appropriate. The partial reflector 40 is also preferably a front surface mirror with a dichroic, reflective coating. The dichroic coating material is chosen so that it reflects light rays in the wavelength emanating from the target mark 30, while

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it lets other rays of light through. Thus, if the target mark is orange, the dichroic coating reflects the orange color. Dichroic coatings reflect up to approx. 95% of the target color, while they allow more than 70% of all other colors in the spectrum to pass through. When the disc 26 is a transparent, colored plastic body, the dichroic coating can be selected to reflect substantially all wavelengths of light corresponding to the color of the end wall 32 of the target while at the same time reflecting substantially all of the wavelengths of the color of the disc 26 transmits appropriate light. As a result, essentially all of the ambient light which passes through the disk 26 into the interior of the tube 16 and is thereby colored by the disk 26 is transmitted by the dichroic beam splitter 40 and is not seen by the observer's eye. As a result, the transparent, colored pane 26 appears opaque to the eye of the beholder due to the dichroic beam splitter. The properties of color reflection and absorption of dichroic coatings can be precisely determined and predetermined so that a wide range of color combinations for the body of the target mark 30 and the disc 26 is possible. For example, it has been shown that a blue disc can be combined with an orange target and projected onto a dichroic coating that reflects the orange color and lets the blue color through. Since the reflector 40 is a partial reflector, the viewer can see the target 42. (shown in dashed lines) through the reflector 40 and at the same time the image 32 'of the end wall 32 of the target mark superimposed on the target 42, as can be seen from FIG. 3. The user can therefore use the target device according to the invention with only one eye open as the apparatus itself, the target picture and the target superimposed on each other The collimator lens 36 turns the parallax between DER ZielmarkenabMldui'ig 32 ⁵ and the viewed target 42 b 2? - 30 that the user can move his eyes calmly without

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that there is relative movement between the target image and the target, and it also projects the target

sharp kenabbildung 32 "into infinity and thus / on the target 42.

The rear edge 44 of the reflector 38 and the side edges 46 of the same are preferably further out than idle. 'rear: edge 48 and the. Side edges 50 of the partial reflector 40, so that no halo or halo appears at the edges of the partial reflector 40 for the viewer. Naturally should be the reflective surfaces of the reflectors 38 and 40 are preferably parallel to each other to ensure proper functioning.

Height adjustment organs From Fig. 4 the type and mode of operation can be seen from the side and / ·. The spring 22 is arranged in the circumferential direction with respect to the tube 16 in such a way that it biases the latter by the extension and against both adjusting screws 24 (only one of which is shown). A movement of the adjusting screws 24 thus leads to a pivoting movement of the ¹ tube 16. Since the inner diameter of the transparent sleeve 10 is considerably larger than the diameter of the target mark 30, it can be moved between the positions 30 'and 30 "easily" without that it touches the transparent sleeve 10. It is obvious that the movement of the tube 16 leads to a corresponding movement of the target mark image 32 'seen on the partial reflector 40, the extent of the movement of the image being predetermined so that there is one known displacement of the point of impact of the projectile or the shot load at a certain distance.

Figures 5 and 6 show alternative embodiments of those used in the aiming device according to the invention Target mark. In FIG. 5, the target mark 52 has the shape of a cylindrical rod that is helically or helically wound. This shape offers a large side wall area for the absorption of light, while at the same time the entire

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th longitudinal distance between one end of the target body and the other is reduced. This embodiment allows a shortening of the transparent sleeve 10 (see FIG. 4), which changes the external shape of the device will. One end 54 of the target mark 52 is straight for insertion into the tube 16, while the other end 56 the target 52 for insertion into an opening 11 formed in the front end of the sleeve 10 is also straight. Since the helical shape is inherently resilient, side and height adjustments can be easily made even though both ends of the target 52 are held firmly in place are.

In another exemplary embodiment, the target mark is more planar
a body 58 is provided which has spherical projections 60 and 62 at both ends. The flat shape also ensures a large side wall surface for absorbing light which is passed on to the rear end wall. The flat target 58 also makes it possible to shorten the length of the transparent sleeve without reducing the light-absorbing ability of the target, since the side wall area remains quite large (see FIG. 8). If the desired brightness of the image is to be achieved, the planar target mark 58 must have a thickness of no more than approximately 5.08 mm (0.2 inches). For maximum image brightness, the target body thickness should be between about 0.51 mm and about 3.81 mm (0.02 to 0.15 inches). The rear projection 60 is attached in a spherical opening (not shown here), while the front projection 62 is attached in a likewise spherical opening 13 in the front end of the sleeve 10. In this way, ball-and-socket joints are formed at both ends of the planar target mark 58, which allow the target mark to pivot when the lateral and height adjustment takes place. It should be noted that the thickness of the flat sheet or plate 58 compared to FIG

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Length and width are relatively small, so that the side wall surface (at which light is absorbed) is large compared to the front wall area (from which light is projected). The decisive relationship between the (light-absorbing) side wall area, which compared to the relative small (light-producing) front wall surface is relatively large, is also retained here, so that the The front wall surface appears considerably lighter than the side wall surface.

Fig. 9 shows another embodiment of the aiming device according to the invention. This embodiment has a housing 102 with an upper part 104 and a lower part 106, of which the upper part 104 for delimiting a field of view has an open end 108. One, front surface mirror 110 is attached in the upper part so that it covers the field of view down on a partially reflective front surface mirror 112 reflected. The mirrors 110 and 112 are aligned with each other in such a way that the field of view is reflected back to the eye of the beholder. At the front A transparent sleeve 114 made of plastic or glass is attached to the end of the lower part 106 of the housing 102.

In the lower part of the housing, a tube 116 is mounted pivotably around a radial extension 118 in its rear end region, a spring 120 being connected to the side wall of the · m- ^ _ΛΛ Γ * ^ "X..O λ. ■, a. j, λ side and height adjusting screw tube 116 is in engagement to this against / leg 12? (only one of which is shown here). A target 124 in the form of a rod made of an acrylic polymer with a corresponding color and fluorescence is attached to the front end of the tube 116. In the same way as already described above, the rear end wall of the target mark 124 forms a bright spot within the tube 116, which can be seen through the partially reflecting mirror 112. In the tube 116 is a collimator lens

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for directing the light rays from the end wall of the target 124 to the eye of the viewer. Through this the image of the field of view of the target mark is superimposed. The user can control the device with only one eye openly because the device allows him to see both the target and the reticle superimposed on one another.

It is readily apparent that the aiming device according to the invention works in all daylight conditions can be used from bright sunlight to dense cloud cover and always offers a bright target that points towards the target is easily recognizable. The brightness of the target mark is achieved by precisely dimensioning the thickness of the target mark body and without the need to provide an internal lighting device for illuminating the target mark, which is exclusively through external light from the environment, for example sunlight, is illuminated. The target mark body itself is made of one Acrylic polymer produced, in which a dye and a fluorescent substance is enclosed and which has a large side wall area exposed to ambient light, to absorb it, as well as a small front wall area which the absorbed light is emitted. Since the front wall area is considerably much smaller than the side wall area, the front wall appears to the beholder's eye to be much lighter than the side wall surface. The front wall of the target mark that forms the alignment point of the device is therefore always much brighter than the target area from which it is clear takes off. '

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Claims (10)

Expectations / 1 ·) Target device, characterized in that a fluorescent device (3o; 52; 58; 124) which converts ambient light into colored, fluorescent light is provided with an end wall (32) illuminated by the fluorescent light, which has a fluorescent, colored alignment point forms for the device, the fluorescent means having a thickness dimension which is at least the same as the dimension of the end wall and is at most about 5.08 mm (0.2 inches); that an opening (6; 108) is provided on the device which forms a field of view in which a target can be aimed at; that reflectors (38,40; 110,112) ^{superimpose an image (32 1} ) of the alignment point on the field of view; and that a collimator (36; 126) is arranged between the end wall of the fluorescent device and at least some of the reflectors for collimating imaging of the alignment point. 2. Aiming device according to claim 1, characterized in that the reflectors (38,40; 110,112) have at least one dichroic Beam splitter (40; 112) have, the substantially all of the light in the wavelength range corresponding to .the color of the alignment point (32) and reflects essentially all of the light of a further preselected wavelength range corresponding color lets through. 3, aiming device according to claim 2, characterized in that that a translucent device (26) allows ambient light to pass through and converted into colored light corresponding to the further preselected wavelength range and arranged to be a background of colored light surrounding the colored alignment point (32) corresponding to the further preselected wavelength range provides, and that the dichroic beamsplitter '(40; 112) substantially all of the translucent Device lets through light, whereby the light-permeable device appears dark when seen in the beam splitter. 2U9ß5? / N734 - 16 - 4. Aiming device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thickness of the fluorescent device ranges from about 0.51 to about 3.81 mm (0.02 to 0.15 inches). . 5. Aiming device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a fluorescent device cylindrical rod (30; 124) made of acrylic polymer is provided. 6. Target device, characterized in that a target mark (30; 52; 58; 124) is provided, which ambient light into first colored light of a first preselected, relatively narrow Wellenlängenbere-i chs converts and having an end wall (32) of the first colored light is illuminated and forms a colored alignment point for the device; that a translucent device (26) transmits ambient light and converts it into second colored light of a second preselected, relatively narrow wavelength range which differs from the first wavelength range, the translucent device being arranged such that it forms a background from the second colored light, against which the front wall is seen with the first colored light; that an opening (6; 108) is provided which forms a field of view in which a target can be aimed; that a collimator (36; 126) is provided for the collimatory imaging of the alignment point and the background; and that a light deflecting device with a dichroic beam splitter (40; 112) is provided which deflects the image of the alignment point onto the field of view, the beam splitter reflecting colored light of the first wavelength range and transmitting colored light of the second wavelength range, and the alignment point being colored The area and the background appear dark in the field of view. 7. Aiming device according to claim 6, characterized in that that the target mark (30; 52; 58; 124) is fluorescent. - 17 - 8. Aiming device according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that that a cylindrical rod (30; 124) is provided as a target. 9. Aiming device according to claim 8, characterized in that that the rod (30; 124) has a diameter of less than about 5.08 mm (0.2 inches). 10. Aiming device according to claim 8, characterized in that the rod has a diameter in the range of about 0.51 mm to approximately 3.05 mm (0.02 to 0.12 inches). 2U9852 / 073A