DE202008007585U1 - Drive device for entry / exit devices - Google Patents

Abstract

Drive device (20) for entry / exit devices for public transport vehicles, characterized in that
A drive unit (22) which is arranged and drives in a rotating column (24) which rotates and closes around an axis of rotation ZZ during opening and closing operations and which opens and closes the entry / exit device;
- The drive unit (22) via a holding member (40) is held on the vehicle, wherein the holding member (40) acts as an abutment for a torque of the drive unit (22),
- Between the drive unit (22) and the support member (40) is provided a bearing which allows a tumbling of the rotary column (24) and prevents rotation about the rotation axis ZZ.

Description

The The invention relates to a drive device for entry / exit devices for public transport vehicles.

Such entry / exit devices are known in particular for passenger doors, but also for entry ramps, sliding steps and the like on vehicles of public passenger transport. Often these are arranged in the region of the door frame or door portals above a passage opening. For example, sliding doors are in the EP 10 409 79 A2 and the EP 13 146 26 A1 described. The drives shown therein are therefore particularly suitable for sliding sliding doors, which perform a pivoting and a lateral displacement during the opening and closing operation. Drive devices for pure rotary or swing doors, ie doors that do not shift sideways, are usually located above or below the doors in the area of the door portal. Also the DE 203 16 764 U1 describes the arrangement of a drive device in the upper region of the door portal.

adversely In these drive devices is always that this considerable Require space. It has also been shown that the assembly and adjustment of such drive devices and doors very much time consuming.

One occurring problem continues to be that in an emergency Passenger door must be opened manually or also a sliding step or an entry ramp manually into a certain Position and this is made more difficult that the drive device because of the large reduction ratio The transmission has such a strong self-locking that ei ne manual movement extremely difficult. That's why in an emergency often a decoupling of the transmission required. The purpose Necessary facilities are with a corresponding effort in the production and assembly and associated with increased costs.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a drive device with The features specified in the introduction as compact as possible and to save space. The manufacture and the installation should be easy and inexpensive possible. The drive device should continue to be as robust as possible, stable. In particular, the device should also be unavoidable Vehicle deformation due to acceleration and braking as well as cornering trouble-free work.

• – eine Antriebseinheit, die in einer sich bei Öffnungs- und Schließvorgängen um eine Rotationsachse Z-Z drehenden Drehsäule, die die Ein-/Ausstiegseinrichtung öffnet und schließt, angeordnet ist und diese antreibt,
• – die Antriebseinheit über ein Haltebauteil am Fahrzeug gehalten ist, wobei das Haltebauteil als Gegenlager für ein Drehmoment der Antriebseinheit wirkt,
• – zwischen der Antriebseinheit und dem Haltebauteil ein Lager vorgesehen ist, dass ein Taumeln der Drehsäule ermöglicht und eine Rotation um die Rotationsachse Z-Z verhindert.

This object is achieved by a drive device for entry / exit devices for vehicles of public passenger transport, which is characterized in that

• A drive unit which is arranged in a rotating column which opens and closes during opening and closing operations about a rotation axis ZZ and which opens and closes the entry / exit device, and drives the latter,
• The drive unit is held on the vehicle via a holding component, wherein the holding component acts as an abutment for a torque of the drive unit,
• - Between the drive unit and the support member, a bearing is provided that allows a tumbling of the rotary column and prevents rotation about the rotation axis ZZ.

Of the The invention is therefore based on the basic idea, the drive unit directly in a rotary column, the entry / exit device, So usually a door, moved. By this arrangement the space above the door is no longer needed and can be used for other facilities. Essential in such an arrangement, however, is that of the drive device applied torque is opposed to an abutment. The Drive unit is therefore on a fixed component of the vehicle attached. Thus, it is possible that the output torque the drive device transmitted to the rotary column can be and this turns.

The Housing the drive unit directly in the rotary column In addition to saving space also has many advantages in terms of maintenance and installation of the entire drive device.

The storage according to the invention takes into account that due to the length of the rotating column twisting and deflections thereof during operation are difficult to avoid. The movements of the rotary column, for example, come about by the fact that the vehicle is compressed or twisted due to acceleration and braking and cornering. In the case of buses, tire contact with curbs or similar edges also causes vehicle deformation and thus movement of the rotating column. Since the drive unit is fixed to a stationary component, such torsions and deflections of the rotary column can adversely affect the drive device. According to the invention, the drive unit is therefore connected via a bearing with the holding member that allows a tumbling of the rotary column, however, prevents rotation about the rotation axis ZZ. Tumbling is understood as meaning a deflection out of the axis of rotation ZZ in the X and / or Y direction. This function raises, so to speak, a relative movement between the Drive unit and the column on.

advantageously, is still a movement in the Z direction, ie in the direction of Rotation axis Z-Z possible. For this purpose, a leadership wave, which connects the drive unit to the bearing, in a guide the bearing slidably mounted. The guide shaft is for transmitting the torque preferably non-circular, they may for example have a polygonal or polygonal geometry.

The Rotary column itself is rotatably mounted, preferably also in the same holding component, which also supports the drive unit. By the use of a conventional hinge bearing for storage the rotary column can turn this in the holding member and simultaneously position deviations between upper and lower terem bearing in the X and Y directions. The pivot point of the guide shaft and the rotary column bearing should lie on one level, So arranged approximately at the same position of the axis of rotation Z-Z be. This prevents tension and strain on the bearings and causes the movement of the drive unit and rotary column run as parallel as possible.

The movable and flexible mounting of the drive device or drive unit allows the installation of the drive device in different vehicles. It is even conceivable, the drive device in a rotary column with low inclination, for example up to 5 ° inclined position, use. Also, the movable storage helps installation tolerances balance what the installation and maintenance of the entire drive device facilitated.

When Particularly suitable bearing has proven to be a spherical plain bearing. The guide shaft is by means of balls in a ball socket guided. In the guide shaft are spherical Recesses arranged to hold the balls in position. In the Ball seat are corresponding elongated depressions provided in Z-direction, in which the balls are guided. Due to the position of the elongated guides in the Z direction the rotation is prevented by Z, but at the same time a tumbling by Z-Z or a combined rotation of X and Y allows. The ball seat can preferably be constructed in two parts.

The Guide shaft may preferably one along its longitudinal axis have running through bore, through the necessary Cables and similar connections can. Such a bore has the advantage that on the one hand the use of space is optimized, on the other hand guided in it Cables and connections are protected.

The Drive unit can be constructed and arranged differently. For example, the transmission via its output shaft as the guide shaft to be connected to the camp, is conceivable but also an arrangement in which the output shaft of the drive motor as a guide shaft is firmly connected to the camp. in the the latter case is also the case of the transmission, z. B. a planetary gear, firmly connected to the rotary column. In principle, the drive unit is in contrast to the first embodiment only turned so that the gearbox points in the direction of the ground. If the drive motor is energized, the housing rotates Drive unit, whereby the rotary column is rotated becomes. In this embodiment, an outer tube for the drive unit and the torque support omitted in the area of the warehouse.

According to the invention a non-self-locking drive unit or a non-self-locking Reduction gear be provided, so the blockade is not by the drive unit or the transmission, but by a Provide blocking device. A manual operation of the Entry / exit devices is due to the low self-locking always guaranteed in an emergency, it only has to the blocking effect of the blocking device are canceled. This leads to a high degree of security.

There a self-locking of the drive or the transmission is not given is, an additional blockade of the drive is mandatory required. This can be done by an additional braking device carried out in the non-energized state, a mechanical lock of the drive causes. This brake is electric and manual by Hand unlockable to decouple the drive and thus an electric and / or manual operation. The manual Unlocking the brake can via a known spring-applied brake with manual release, with the hand release the brake for a mechanical emergency unlocking device can be used. Such brakes are under the term "low-active brake" known. Alternatively, however, any other suitable blocking device can be used. The brake can, for example, by means of spring force on the drive shaft of the drive motor and electromagnetically detachable be.

Alternatively, the use of a so-called high-active brake according to the invention is possible. Such a brake is also known under the term anchor brake. This means that the brake is active when energized and the door is fixed in this position. It is a prerequisite that the entrance door is provided with an external locking device to lock the entry permanently safe in a parked vehicle longer. This can be z. B. by a fernbe operated central locking lock done.

at for a shorter period Vehicle can delay the locking of the door Switch off the supply voltage without the external interlock respectively. The brake will continue to be energized for this period. For an unfinished door and shutdown the supply voltage, the door is no longer fixed and can be moved manually by hand, but that's for it a mechanical emergency release z. B. via Bowden cable not necessary anymore. The emergency unlocking takes place for example via a normally closed contact in the control line for the brake. The provision of emergency release can be central as well as decentralized with simple means, the decentralized Resetting the emergency release, for example via an external relay connection.

According to the invention on a brake as a blocking device even completely be dispensed with when the drive motor short-circuited can. About the occurring short-circuit torque of the drive motor can keep the door locked and moving the door Door to be prevented. This function is always guaranteed even if the vehicle is stationary and not in operation. Will the Emergency release actuated, is preferably over a mechanical switch the connection between the two contacts interrupted, the short-circuit torque is canceled and The door can easily be opened by hand without any problems become. The self-locking of the door is thus through easy disconnection of the plus or minus line of the motor canceled. The lock is always present when the engine is de-energized, that is, a power failure has no changing Influence on this. In case of power failure or failed electronics The emergency release can always be done by pressing the short-circuit switch respectively. It is possible the entry / exit device, in particular a door, after interruption of the short circuit by switching back to lock the switch again.

Of the Short circuit switch works according to the invention preferably directly without auxiliary power and thus also when the vehicle is stopped or at power interruption.

The Advantages of using such a short circuit switch are on the one hand in the reduction of the necessary components for the emergency release, on the other hand, the short-circuit switch on be placed in any ergonomically favorable position, the laying of usual Bowden cables or Pneumatic lines omitted.

According to the invention also a combination of a lock based on a short circuit and the use of a brake or mechanical locking possible. This can be the case in particular if the short-circuit torque is not sufficient to lock the door securely.

Of the switchable short circuit can advantageously by special windings the motor windings are guaranteed exclusively are provided for the production of the short circuit. By special windings can also be an increased braking effect or Verrieglungswirkung be achieved.

Farther For example, the output element of the reduction gear may be connected to a lift rotary unit be, a per se known component, especially in outdoor swing doors is used. About the door lift takes place a positive connection of the door leaf with the door portal via locking wedges.

advantageously, can still be provided a Drehwegerfassung. This is done for example via an incremental or an absolute encoder directly on the motor shaft of the drive motor or an output shaft for the entry / exit device. Will the drive device used for a passenger door, for example, can the Drehwegerfassung via output shaft for a Drehsäulenanbindung done.

The Detection of the rotary path via the output shaft has the Advantage that any material breaks within the drive detected and reported in an unwanted door opening can be.

Instead of a non-self-locking drive unit is self-evident also a self-locking design can be used. The total reduction gearbox For example, it can be divided into two individual transmissions, the are coupled together by a disengageable coupling. The controllable clutch can be as under spring force Coupling be formed, which is connected to a manually operable Emergency release device is connected.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment is the first Reduction gear with the drive motor and the first coupling half in common axially by spring force of a compression spring with the second coupling half and the second reduction gear connected. In this version the construction on the clutch is extremely simple and with a clear fewer components can be realized. The outside diameter remains also significantly smaller, because the connection point of the Bowden cable central is provided in the housing.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings:
In the drawings show:

1 : Schematic representation of a drive device,

2 FIG. 2 shows a schematic axial section of an exemplary embodiment of an input / output device drive unit; FIG.

3 FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a second embodiment of the mounting of the drive device, FIG.

4 : Sectional view of a bearing of the drive device,

5 a cross-section through the bearing showing the arrangement of balls.

1 shows a simplified schematic representation of a drive device 20 , A drive unit 22 is in a turning column 24 accommodated. The turning column 24 has retaining arms 26 for fixing a door, not shown, and is via a floor storage 28 rotatably mounted on a ground, usually a vehicle floor. Furthermore, a pivot bearing 38 shown, over which the turning column 24 rotatable about a longitudinal axis ZZ in a warehouse 34 is stored.

The drive unit 22 is about a rotary column bearing 30 rotatably with the rotary column 24 connected so that about the rotary column bearing 30 a rotary movement of the rotary column 24 can be effected. From the drive unit 22 extends a guide shaft 32 in the warehouse 34 into and is via a drive unit bearing 36 rotatably connected to this. The drive unit bearing 36 For example, it can be designed as a ball-and-socket joint bearing and serves to receive the torque of the drive unit 22 , which in turn firmly with a holding member 40 is connected (see. 4 and 5 ).

2 shows a constructed as a compact drive and in the rotary column 24 arranged drive unit 22 For example, for a passenger door, in which within a slim, tubular housing 42 in the axial direction one behind the other an electric drive motor 44 and a reduction gear 26 , shown as a three-part planetary gear, are arranged. To the drive motor 44 closes a brake 48 also inside the case 42 is housed and can be designed as a spring-engaging and electromagnetically and mechanically releasable "low-active brake" or as a "high-active brake". The reduction gear 46 is not self-locking.

An unrecognizable output element of the drive motor 44 is with a likewise not recognizable input element of the reduction gear 46 connected, whose output shaft 54 guide shaft 32 over the rotary column bearing 30 with the rotary column 24 connected is. The turning column 24 tapers below the drive unit 22 ,

The leadership wave 32 extends from the housing 42 in the warehouse 34 into it, the bearing with the holding member 40 of the vehicle is connected.

That of the drive motor 44 Torque generated is via the reduction gear 46 on the transmission output shaft 54 transfer. In an emergency, only the brake 48 be resolved, after which the manual operation of the passenger door due to the lack of self-locking of the reduction gear 46 is readily possible.

Instead of or in addition to the brake 48 can also be provided for locking a short-circuit device, the motor windings of the drive motor 44 short-circuited for locking.

3 , shows a second embodiment of the drive device 20 , In this case, the transmission output shaft acts 54 as a leadership wave 32 , juts into the camp 34 into it and is rotatably mounted there. The housing of the planetary gear 46 is non-rotatable with the rotary column 24 connected. If the drive motor is energized, the housing of the planetary gear also rotates 46 the drive unit 22 , causing the rotary column 24 is set in rotation. In this embodiment, an outer tube 42 (see. 2 ) for the drive unit and a torque support (guide 66 in 4 ) in the area of the camp 32 omitted.

All electrical and mechanical connection elements, eg. B. if necessary. A Bowden cable for manual unlocking of the brake, are within the housing 22 arranged. Also, when using the drive device 20 be provided in a hub-rotation unit, a sensor for Huberfassung.

4 illustrates the storage of the drive device according to the invention 20 , Shown is the storage area according to the embodiment of 2 , The holding component 40 serves as a support for the torque of the drive unit 22 , The warehouse 34 is designed as a ball and socket joint bearing and the guide shaft 32 in a two-part ball seat 58 by means of balls 60 guided. The leadership wave 32 has spherical shots for the balls 60 holding them in position. In the two-piece ball seat 58 are corresponding elongated depressions 62 introduced, ver in the Z direction to run. The leadership wave 32 is through these guides able to perform wobbling movements. The wells 62 allow a wobble of the guide shaft 32 in the Z direction, the spherical depressions in the guide shaft 32 allow torque transmission about the longitudinal axis ZZ.

The bearing of the rotary column 24 via the joint bearing 64 in which the turning column 24 can rotate about the longitudinal axis ZZ and compensate for wobbling movements. So that the tumbling motion of the rotary column 24 and the drive device 20 is synchronous, is the ball seat 58 in the Z direction in the center of the spherical bearing 64 arranged. The turning column 24 and the leadership wave 32 So they have, so to speak, a common sway point 70 on, which is arranged on the longitudinal axis ZZ. To shift the drive unit 22 in z-direction during tumbling is the guide shaft 32 provided with a polygonal geometry in a guide 66 slidably slide in the Z direction and the torque of the drive unit 22 transfers.

5 shows a cross section through the bearing 34 and clarifies the arrangement of the balls 60 , They are screws 68 recognizable, which are the two ball pictures 58 connect with each other.

The Invention is not limited to the described embodiments but also includes similar ones Embodiments. The description of the figures serves only the understanding of the invention.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - EP 1040979 A2 [0002]
• - EP 1314626 A1 [0002]
• - DE 20316764 U1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Drive device ( 20 ) for entry / exit devices for public transport vehicles, characterized in that - a drive unit ( 22 ), which rotate in an opening and closing operations about a rotation axis ZZ rotating column ( 24 ), which opens and closes the entry / exit device, is arranged and drives it, - the drive unit ( 22 ) via a holding component ( 40 ) is held on the vehicle, wherein the holding member ( 40 ) as an abutment for a torque of the drive unit ( 22 ) acts, - between the drive unit ( 22 ) and the holding component ( 40 ) a bearing is provided, which is a tumbling of the rotary column ( 24 ) and prevents rotation about the rotation axis ZZ. Drive device ( 20 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that a guide shaft ( 32 ) from the drive unit ( 22 ) in the warehouse ( 34 ) and recordings for receiving balls ( 60 ) in wells ( 62 ) of the ball seat ( 58 ) of the warehouse ( 34 ), wherein the depressions ( 62 ) in the longitudinal direction ZZ a movement of the balls ( 60 ), so that the guide shaft ( 32 ) over the balls ( 60 ) movable in the Z direction, but non-rotatably about the longitudinal axis ZZ in the ball seat ( 58 ) is stored. Drive device ( 20 ) according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the rotary column ( 24 ) in a pivot bearing ( 64 ) is mounted, the ball receiving ( 58 ), wherein the guide shaft ( 32 ) and the rotary column ( 24 ) around a common tumbling point ( 70 ), which is arranged on the longitudinal axis ZZ. Drive device ( 20 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that the guide shaft ( 32 ) rotatably with the drive unit ( 22 ) connected is. Drive device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the guide shaft ( 32 ) of the output shaft of a drive motor ( 44 ) corresponds. Drive device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the guide shaft ( 32 ) a transmission drive shaft ( 54 ) corresponds. Drive device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the drive unit ( 22 ) has a low-active brake. Drive device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the drive unit ( 22 ) has a high-active brake. Drive device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the drive unit ( 22 ) is designed self-locking. Drive device ( 20 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by an additional device for rotary path detection.