DE202007002077U1 - Emergency shutdown for solar power systems - Google Patents

Abstract

emergency command for solar power systems, where the solar power system or a variety of series in series switched solar power modules, which are remote from the mains on for example an industrial roof, agricultural building roof or private house roof is arranged and over a wiring harness the Stream bundles, which the electrical connection between solar module and a forms in the further course of the wiring harness arranged inverter, wherein the solar power system by means of a fuse against the Power supply is secured, with a device for shutdown the solar power modules (3, 4, 5) directly in the vicinity of the roof (2) of a house (1) next arranged there solar power modules (3, 4, 5) is arranged, characterized in that an arranged switching box of a Control signal is controlled, which switch contacts in a closed position holds, with a Voltage on the DC side of the solar power modules (3, 4, 5) switches off at a mains voltage interruption.

Description

object The innovation is an emergency shutdown for solar power systems after the General term of the protection claim 1.

In In recent years, the number of solar power systems has been steadily rising at. Not just on industrial roofs and agricultural building roofs, but In the private households, solar power systems are meanwhile also numerous installed.

One Side effect of these systems is that their "power delivery" during the day is not switch off.

Especially in case of fire, the energy supply can not be completely turned off, which means that the rescuers are at risk for use with water or indoor attack:
One of the first steps in the operation is the shutdown of the power supply, to an additional risk of power cables, which hang uncontrollably from the ceiling in case of fire without insulation. But it is not possible to bring about a complete shutdown of the current-carrying lines of the solar power systems.

Only the voltage to the inverter can be disconnected. The wires from inverters to the modules are still under DC. This can be up to 400 V / 10 A. A tension on this scale is mostly deadly.

There the inverters in the private household mostly in the cool cellar rooms (in nearby of the house connection) are installed, the wiring between Modules and inverters somewhere in the house.

tries the Bfw (professional fire brigade) Munich have shown that a foam carpet on the modules no deployment tactical effect shows. The short-term shading of Module was after 5 at the latest Minutes ineffective and the voltage completely on the string lines to the inverter.

With the publication DE 10 2005 018 173 A1 discloses a method for reliable interruption of a photovoltaic system by means of a protective device, wherein by means of a control signal, a generator field is short-circuited and can be activated by direct intervention on the protective device. This invention has the disadvantage that a continuous closed position of the switch contacts by means of the switching signal and a drop in voltage when opening the switch contacts this is not apparent.

With the publication DE 20 2006 007 613 U1 discloses a fire protection for a photovoltaic system with an inverter and a transfer point, with an interruption of the power supply between the photovoltaic element and the transfer point is secured by a thermal fuse, which interrupts the power supply automatically due to increased temperature, for example in case of fire.

These Invention has the disadvantage that the hedge of the system only by means of a thermal fuse, wherein a shutdown of the voltage on the DC side at a mains voltage interruption this is not apparent.

With the publication DE 94 09 534 U1 discloses a device for the grid connection of a solar generator with a module distributor, wherein the module distributor components for control and monitoring, such as an overvoltage protection and a circuit breaker and is connected by means of an electrical line with a network coupling device with an inverter. This invention has the disadvantage that it can not be deduced an automatic shutdown or a voltage release of the system.

With the publication US 65 93 520 B2 discloses a device for generating solar energy, wherein the solar cell by means of a switch is automatically or manually separable from the supply line. This document has the disadvantage that a shutdown of the voltage on the DC side in an automatic or manual mains voltage interruption by the switch this is not apparent.

With the publication WO 95/25 374 A1 is a method for the protection of an electrical Gleichspan plant, such. B. a photovoltaic system, wherein a monitoring of the system in case of short circuit or current interruption, the triggering of a signal is formed and the corresponding circuit area is switched safely. This document has the disadvantage that a voltage release of the system on the DC side after ensuring the corresponding circuit area this is not apparent.

Of the Innovation is therefore the object of an emergency shutdown for solar power systems so educate, that the power supply of solar power modules no danger represents in an emergency and the entire system is de-energized.

to solution the task is the innovation by the technical teaching of claim 1.

essential Feature of the innovation is that according to the invention, a shutdown of the solar power modules immediately near the roof of the arranged solar power module is trained.

at the given technical teaching gives the essential advantage that now by a simple switch box, which is preferred on the roof surface, in another embodiment but also under the roof can be arranged, the voltage between the modules and the in-house inverter is interrupted.

in this connection is essential that the switch box so driven by a control voltage is that as long as a control signal is applied to the switch box, the Switching contacts are closed and that in case of power failure This control line is de-energized and the switch contacts in an open one Hibernation brings.

Consequently it is ensured that in case of mains voltage interruption The voltage on the DC side of the solar modules reliably switched off becomes.

There the roof covering has a fire resistance class of F 90, installation on the roof is an advantage, an installation under the roof can also be made possible if the box is made with fire-resistant material (plasterboard o. ä.) is disguised. Should the roof still yield in case of fire, It is assumed that the emergency services already the fire object have left because of danger of collapse. This allows the function the box until possible Collapse of the entire roof can be ensured.

The Box consists of several shooters, which over a permanent one Voltage (DC side) switch off the AC side.

Becomes the DC side is switched off, release the shooter off and the DC voltage is interrupted.

Should blow the AC voltage cable or otherwise break it The DC voltage is also disconnected. Thus, a permanent function guaranteed.

The Box can be installed and installed on all solar power systems become. The strings are connected to the cables of the box. This can be done with a crimp connector or universal connector (Multicontact MC 3 or MC 4) as well as equivalent connectors.

It only one power cable needs to be installed or postinstalled become. This can be led together with the string lines to the roof.

Due to the constant power supply of the contactor, electricity costs are incurred to a small extent:
Power consumption of the estimation group is approx. 12W AC.

In 24 hours the recording 288W, this corresponds to a total of 365 days 105 KWh / year.

This results in annual electricity costs of about 17.85 EUR (KWh 17 cents). Components of the box: Box: The box is made of UV-resistant plastic: Fibox housing PC 28/19/13 G contactor: ABB contactor of the AL9 series Electric wire: AC side: 3 × 1.5 ² cables DC side: 4mm ² or 6mm ² solar cable

Other components:

Cable glands made of metal with UV-resistant Rubber seal.

Of the Subject of the present innovation does not arise only from the subject of the individual claims, but also from the combination the individual protection claims among themselves.

All in the documents, including Summary of information and features, in particular the spatial training shown in the drawings as claimed essential to the invention, as far as they individually or in Combination opposite the prior art are new.

in the The following is the innovation of only one execution way illustrative drawings closer explained. Here are more from the drawings and their description essential features and benefits of the innovation.

It demonstrate:

1 : schematized a circuit diagram of the emergency shutdown for a solar power system;

2 : a schematic diagram of the in 1 used contactor;

3 : the top view of the switch box with the lid open.

In 1 is schematized a house 1 shown on the roof 2 a number of solar power modules 3 . 4 . 5 are installed.

Each solar power module 3 . 4 . 5 can consist of a large number of series-connected modules, all of which are grouped in a row, each module being connected by a single strand 6 . 7 . 8th , the stream bundles.

According to the invention, a contactor is now outside the roof area or within the roof area 9 provided every single strand 6 . 7 . 8th switchable forms, with the shutdown under the action of a control line 18 that takes place from the grid connection 14 led out.

On the control line 18 is therefore an AC signal, which the switch contacts in the contactor 9 closed.

However, should there be a power failure or fail in the event of a fire, the power or shut off the power, the contacts will fall into the open position and the power interruption of the strands 6 . 7 . 8th cause.

In the example of use shown, therefore, the fault has occurred and the strands 6 . 7 . 8th are from the outgoing strands 6a . 7a . 8a separated.

Normally, however, the contactor 9 closed with his contacts and the three strands 6 . 7 . 8th thus lead the solar power to a DC disconnection point, which is usually located in the basement of the house. It is a hand-operated switch-off, which also serves as an emergency shutdown. In particular, this release point is used for maintenance work on the inverter 12 or other components to de-energize the entire system.

So far, it was disadvantageous that in daylight at the DC-Unlocking 10 Electricity, because the strands 6a . 7a . 8a always supplied power as long as the solar modules were lit by sunlight.

This is where the innovation comes in, which now provides that in direct proximity to the solar power modules 3 . 4 . 5 a contactor 9 is arranged, which in case of failure, that of the solar modules 3 . 4 . 5 outgoing strings switched off.

It is only schematically shown that the DC disconnection point 10 multi-pole is switchable and therefore also a trunk group 11 into the DC side of the inverter 12 opens.

At the output of the inverter 12 is still a backup 13 arranged, and via the network connection 14 Then the converted into alternating current solar power in the power grid 15 fed.

Because each strand provides a relatively high voltage at high current (eg, 400V at 10 amps), it is according to 2 preferred if each strand is switched off with a series of series-connected switching contacts.

The 2 shows schematically that the strand 6 , the strand 7 and strand 8th is switched off in each case by serially connected contacts, wherein the contacts 17 through bridges 21 . 22 are bridged, so that to avoid arcing when opening the contacts 17 or when closing the contacts 17 , The contacts 17 in series are connected in series.

The control signal from the control line 18 then lies on the armature coil 16 on which the contacts 17 holds in the closed position as long as the armature coil 16 energized.

In 3 is a construction of such over roof 2 arranged switching box shown in more detail. It consists of a housing 19 in which the contactor according to the invention 9 is arranged. The housing 19 is waterproof with a lid 20 to close.

It is shown that there are a total of five strands are switched off, with only three strands - in the sense of the above description according to 1 - Are shown in more detail.

The control line 18 comes from the side and energized the not shown armature coil.

Likewise, the bridges 21 . 22 for series connection of the contacts 17 shown.

advantage the emergency shutdown invention for solar power systems is therefore that even in case of fire from the solar modules leading away strands Electricity and voltage are released and therefore the in the house ushering Cables no danger during extinguishing work or make flood. This was not known yet.

1

House

2

top, roof

3

Solar power module

4

Solar power module

5

Solar power module

6

strand 6a

7

strand 7a

8th

strand 8a

9

contactor

10

DC circuit breaker

11

trunk group

12

inverter

13

fuse

14

grid connection

15

power grid

16

armature coil

17

contacts

18

control line

19

casing

20

cover

21

bridge

22

bridge

Claims (10)

Emergency circuit for solar power systems, wherein the solar power system has one or a plurality of series-connected solar power modules, which is located away from the power grid on, for example, an industrial roof, agricultural building roof or private house roof and a line harness bundles the power that the electrical connection between solar module and arranged in the further course of the wiring harness inverter forms, the solar power system is secured by a fuse to the power grid, with a device for switching off the solar power modules ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) immediately near the roof ( 2 ) of a house ( 1 ) next to the arranged there solar power modules ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) is arranged, characterized in that an arranged switching box is driven by a control signal which holds switching contacts in a closed position, wherein a voltage on the DC side of the solar power modules ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) switches off at a mains voltage interruption. Emergency circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the shutdown of the solar power modules ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) by means of a switch box, which in the immediate vicinity of the arranged solar power modules ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) on or under a roof ( 2 ) of the House ( 1 ) and the electrical power supply between the solar power module ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) and the in-house inverter ( 12 ) trains or interrupts. Emergency circuit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the switch box on the roof ( 2 ) of a house ( 1 ) or under the roof ( 1 ) is formed in a box made of fire-resistant material. Emergency circuit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the switch box several contactors ( 9 ), which are connected via a constantly applied voltage (DC side) in contact closure and a shutdown of each strand ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) by means of a control line ( 18 ) on the AC side when the voltage is off. Emergency circuit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in case of failure, the contactors ( 9 ) have an open position, wherein strands ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) between the switch box and the modules ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) from the outgoing strands ( 6a . 7a . 8a ) of the switch box are disconnected. Emergency circuit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the solar system between the trunk group ( 11 ) and the outgoing strands ( 6a . 7a . 8a ) a DC disconnection point ( 10 ), which is designed as a manual emergency shutdown or shutdown during maintenance and removed from the solar power modules ( 3 . 4 . 5 ) is arranged. Emergency circuit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each wiring harness ( 6 . 7 . 8th ) Is switched off by means of several serially connected in series switching contacts. Emergency circuit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the contacts ( 17 ) by means of bridges ( 21 . 22 ) are bridged and an arcing when opening the contacts ( 17 ) or when closing the contacts ( 17 ), by series connection of the contacts ( 17 ) is avoided. Emergency circuit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the control signal from the control line ( 18 ) on an armature coil ( 16 ), which contacts ( 17 ) in the closed position, when the armature coil ( 16 ) is energized. Emergency circuit according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the outgoing strands ( 6a . 7a . 8a ) are in an emergency shutdown without power and voltage and thus the in the House ( 1 ) leading lines no danger.