DE20120271U1 - A door stay - Google Patents

Description

137 OO G)

Door stop

The invention relates to a door stop according to the generic term

Claim 1 for motor vehicle doors, comprising a holder housing with a passage opening for a holding rod, a swinging element which can be pivoted relative to the passage opening in the direction of the narrow side of the holding rod, and a spring member for acting on the swinging element.

DE 41 23 775 A1 describes a door stop in which a door holding rod provided with locking markings is pivotally attached at one end to one of the door assembly parts, the door and the door pillar, and at its other end can be guided through a metal holder housing which can be secured to the corresponding other door assembly part. In this case, an abutment roller is rotatably arranged in the holder housing on the one hand of the holding rod, which is in contact with a surface of the holding rod which is designed without locking markings, and on the other side an oscillating element designed as a cage is mounted on a metal pin which passes through the holder housing parallel to the abutment roller. The cage has a loading roller which comes into contact with the door holding rod and loads the cage by pre-tensioning a torsion spring designed as a coil spring. The torsion spring is mounted on the pin with its two wound sections, whereby the ends of the torsion spring are supported against the holder housing and a load arm connecting the two wound sections acts on the cage. The known door stop has a number of shortcomings, in particular the assembly effort and the variety of parts are responsible for the high manufacturing costs. The geometry of the holder housing is complex, as a large number of parts have to be provided on it, which means that the

Manufacturing the corresponding sheet metal cuts entails correspondingly high costs. Inserting and fixing the pivot axes of the cage and the pins forming the load roller or the abutment roller requires the technically complex provision of holes and elongated holes in the sheet metal cut, which leads to undesirable fluctuations in the holding forces of the door checks due to tolerance problems. The bearing of the torsion spring on the pin requires greasing of both parts in order to avoid squeaking noises, although the effect of the greasing quickly wears off with prolonged use or when a vehicle reaches high temperatures due to exposure to sunlight. Furthermore, when the rollers' ability to roll decreases, they produce annoying squeaking noises which are undesirable and which also lead to increased wear on the roller and support rod, as the parts are designed to roll against each other and not to slide. In addition, the squeaking noises penetrate to the outside without being muffled. The operating resistance of the door check changes over its service life, whereby a locking behavior that is initially perceived as pleasant gradually becomes annoying. Due to the preload of the torsion springs, the parts must be assembled in a sequence in which the door retaining rod is first inserted through a corresponding opening in the holder housing and then the torsion spring and the cage are penetrated by the pin, which makes the resulting installation unit difficult to handle when installed in a motor vehicle. The known door check is heavy and contributes to an increase in the overall weight of the vehicle. Finally, due to its unsightly external appearance and the components that are accessible from the outside, as well as its sensitivity to corrosion, the known door check is only mounted on the inside of a door assembly part, which makes accessibility difficult and the assembly work considerable.

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DE 196 32 630 A1 describes a door stop that works according to the same functional principle as the one described above. The door stop has a retaining rod that is guided through an opening in a receiving part made of sheet metal. A bearing shaft is arranged on the receiving part, on which a pivoting part is pivotably arranged and which is displaced by the load of a spring or its spring fork in the direction of the door retaining rod, whereby a bearing roller made of plastic, which sits on a bearing bolt made of metal, is thereby pressed against the door retaining rod. On the opposite side, on which the

&iacgr;&ogr; recesses of the door retaining rod, a bearing roller, also made of plastic, is arranged on a metal bearing bolt mounted on the receiving part and engages in the locking recesses. In addition to the receiving part, which also has the holes for securing it to a door pillar, a plastic cover is provided, which also has a passage opening for the door retaining rod and which is pushed over the receiving part, with a bearing shaft mounted in the receiving part also passing through the cover. All essential parts of the door check are mounted on the receiving part as a load-bearing part, and the receiving part is also attached to the body of the vehicle, so that the plastic cover only acts as an additional panel, but not as a functional or load-bearing part of the door check. Overall, the manufacture and assembly of the known door check is complex and expensive.

DE 44 34 028 C2 shows another door stop of this type, in which a cage-like oscillating element is arranged in a metal housing, which is pivotably mounted on a first shaft arranged on the housing, and in which a roller is mounted on the oscillating element, which is pressed against the narrow side of a support rod. On the narrow side of the support rod facing away from the oscillating element and formed with locking recesses, another shaft is mounted on the housing, which carries a counter roller made of soft plastic. Production and assembly

of the well-known door stop are complex and expensive. Furthermore, such counter rollers, which are made of a soft plastic, tend to form grooves in the roller due to the stress, which is why they have to be regularly replaced with metal rollers in heavy doors. In order to achieve sufficient strength, such soft plastics regularly require metallic substrates, which entails an undesirable variety of parts and materials.

DE 44 23 819 A1 shows a door stop of a different type, which has a

γ pressure, in which a door holding rod is connected to a ball loaded by a spring and seated in a guide element and interacts with a profiled locking rail, which has locking recesses and defines preferred opening positions of the door. The body-side housing is made of plastic. A swinging element or another rigid element that can be caused to pivot in the housing is not provided.

DE 94 178 83 U1 or DE 198 22 098 A1 or DE 1459 176 A1 or DE 40 09 844 C2 show yet another type of door stop in which a door holding rod can be moved through a plastic housing, the flat surfaces of the door holding rod being braked between two sliding bodies which are acted upon by springs and allow an axial feed movement and which can also have rollers or be made of hard plastic. A vibrating element or another rigid element which can be caused to pivot in the housing is not provided. The end of the holding rod usually has a stop which can include a buffer or the like.

DE 29 44 766 A1 or FR 2 666 616 A1 describe a door stop of simple design in which elastically pre-stressed rolling elements along the flat side of the bulged retaining rod provide braking.

and in which the ends of the elastomer bodies protrude from a housing in the region of the slot recess for the passage of the door retaining rod and form a compressible stop for the end of the door retaining rod.

DE 85 093 74 U1 shows a stop for windows and the like, in which a pair of rollers mounted in plastic holders are pressed against the flat surfaces of a support rod under the pretension of springs made of rubber-elastic profile pieces. The holders with the rollers are

γ sliding past the locking thickenings of the holding rod and pushed against the compressible profile pieces. A locking device of this kind, which creates a lightweight object due to the friction of the contacting surfaces, cannot be used for heavy vehicle doors. The rubber-elastic profile pieces also do not meet the service life requirements of a vehicle door locking device, which must withstand several thousand load changes without any noticeable change in the holding torque. In particular, the forces required to move the holding rod in the pushing and pulling directions of the holding rod are different. In addition, the manufacture and assembly of such locking devices, which are made up of many individual parts, is time-consuming and costly.

DE 74 350 37 U1 describes a vehicle door arrester in which a passage opening for a door retaining rod is provided in a housing, which has raised bulges, whereby a strut arranged on the housing is designed to be so flexible and bendable that it is bent out or bent together when the bulge is allowed to pass. The strut can be supported by a spring. The disadvantage of the known door arrester is the fact that the holding forces are different in the opening direction and in the closing direction. Furthermore, the holding forces are completely eliminated in the event of sudden load changes, which can result in the vehicle door suddenly swinging open. In order to

In order to be able to fix the retaining rod effectively, the retaining rod must have bulges on the side facing the strut. Ultimately, a flexible strut does not meet the service life requirements of a motor vehicle door lock, which must withstand several thousand load changes without any noticeable change in the holding torque.

DE 27 31 731 A1 describes yet another type of door stop for motor vehicle doors, in which two plastic sliding pieces are held in place by rubber bodies designed as springs at an angle of 45 degrees to a holding rod.

Ø can be adjusted, with a first braking surface of the sliding pieces rubbing on the flat side of the door retaining rod, and a second, outer sliding surface resting on an outwardly bent housing wall of a housing, in order in particular to achieve adjustment in the event of wear of the brake wedges, with bulges being formed in the door retaining rod and defining preferred locking positions or resistance when opening further. Although the known door retainer enables the retaining rod to be held evenly in the opening and closing directions, here too the requirements for the service life of a motor vehicle door retainer, which must withstand several thousand load changes without any noticeable change in the holding torque, are not met by the rubber bodies. In addition, two housing parts with a plurality of folds must be assembled to accommodate the rubber bodies and the brake wedges.

DE 574 787 C describes a door stop in which a strip of leather without a casing is arranged directly on the inside of a door post in order to cushion the impact with a stop cushion arranged in the end region of a door retaining bar.

It is the object of the invention to provide a door check according to the preamble of claim 1, which enables a cost-effective and reliable locking of a motor vehicle door.

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This object is achieved according to the invention in the door stop mentioned at the outset with the characterizing features of claim 1.

In the door stop according to the invention, the oscillating element and spring member arranged in the holder housing work together to act on the holding rod passing through the opening and to fix it in preferred locking positions in such a way that an increased tensile force must be applied to the door connected to the holding rod in order to move it out of the locking position under tension of the spring member. The door stop according to the invention is easy to assemble, has a reduced weight and improved soundproofing properties. Furthermore, it practically no longer produces any noise.

Preferred door stops of the aforementioned type are expediently characterized in that the spring as a torsion spring made of metal or steel has two winding sections, between which a spring fork is formed, which transmits the spring force to the oscillating element with as little torque as possible, wherein furthermore expediently the oscillating element acts on the narrow side of the support rod, i.e. the pivot axis of the oscillating element runs transversely to the plane in which the flat surfaces of the support rod lie, wherein the locking recesses are preferably arranged on the narrow side of the support rod facing away from the oscillating element.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the door arrester comprises a first housing part of the housing, which is made from plastic using an injection molding process. The manufacture of the first housing part from plastic advantageously enables the housing to be designed in such a way that its outer contour can be designed independently of the interior, with the inner division of the first housing part also being able to be adapted to the

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taking parts of the door stop, whereby the aesthetic overall impression of the door stop is improved in terms of its visual appearance. For example, the housing parts can be designed to be stackable. Furthermore, the production of the plastic parts using the injection molding process enables the interior of the door stop to be encapsulated to the greatest possible extent, which makes it less sensitive to contamination and moisture, whereby the housing can be mounted on an outside of a door arrangement part. In particular, a housing in the door arrangement part can be mounted in a recess formed in its outside.

The recess can be made in a way that is adapted to the outer contour of the housing and can be placed in a visually unobtrusive manner, particularly if the color of the plastic is matched to the subsequent paintwork, if necessary if it is painted at the same time as the door arrangement part. A further advantage of the design of the housing made essentially of plastic is that the function of the holder housing cannot be undesirably impaired by mechanical deformations. It is possible to store and overmold the spring element in the plastic housing part during the injection molding process or to insert it into the holder housing later.

Preferably, the first housing part comprises recesses in which the spring element can be received circumferentially, so that, for example, a spring element made of metal or another spring storage material can be fitted into the recess provided for this purpose in the first housing part or can also be replaced if it is defective. A particularly preferred design of the recesses is one in which grooves are provided in the recesses, which are intended to accommodate adjacent windings of the spring element and to keep them at a distance by means of a web protruding between adjacent recesses of the groove. This reduces the risk of squeaking of the windings of the spring element when it is actuated, and at the same time a difficult-to-dose

Lubrication is eliminated. Preferably, the grooves are already predetermined by the shape of the housing part and adapted to the diameter of the turns or windings of the spring element, whereby it is optionally possible to produce the grooves by inserting the spring element into the mold during the molding of the first housing part using the injection molding process. Preferably, however, the spring element is only inserted into the first housing part at a later point in time. It is possible to make corresponding depressions on the outside of the first housing part in the area of the webs that protrude on the inside towards the inside of the recesses.

&iacgr;&ogr; to be provided. Preferably, an imaginary helical groove is provided for each winding of the spring member, whereby this groove is interrupted outside the areas of the recess in the first housing part due to the not completely circumferential surroundings of the spring member. Due to the advantageous design of the recesses with the grooves, it is particularly advantageous to use a spring member with windings already wound at a distance, which has the advantage of being particularly quiet.

The first housing part preferably also has a receptacle for the oscillating element, in which the latter can be inserted in such a way that it is pivotably mounted. This makes it possible, for example, to adapt the oscillating element to certain dimensions of the support rod and to arrange pairs of oscillating elements and support rods of different sizes in the same housing. In particular, the receptacle for the oscillating element is advantageously spatially separated from the recesses for the spring member, for example the receptacles are arranged in a central section and the two recesses are arranged in outer sections of the housing that extend laterally from the central section.

The mount for the oscillating element supports a cylindrical portion of the same circumferentially, with the encompassed circumference amounting to approximately 180°.

For a larger volume, it is advantageous to have at least a partially

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A circumferentially cylindrical section of the oscillating element is held in a clamped manner, whereby the selection of the plastic material creates a clamping, spring-loaded holder.

Preferably, the first housing part further comprises protruding ribs which limit displacement in the direction of the axis of the cylindrical portion of the oscillating element in the manner of stops, wherein the ribs preferably form a stop with little play for the portion protruding beyond the cylindrical circumference of the oscillating element.

The housing preferably has a second housing part designed as a cover, which closes the first housing part of the housing in the plane through which the other components of the holder housing are inserted into the first housing part, for example by screwing or clipping, thereby further improving protection against contamination and the ingress of water. The cover will expediently encompass the surface of the door stop that comes into contact with the door arrangement part, so that the door stop cannot be opened by removing the cover when installed.

It is possible to physically connect the spring member to the second housing part, so that the preload of the oscillating element is only initiated by inserting the second housing part. In this case, the spring member can be a nose element protruding from the second housing part, which is pushed out of its position by bending when the cover is made of metal or plastic and is thereby preloaded in the opposite direction. It is then particularly advantageous to provide a clearance for receiving the second housing part in a corresponding recess in the first housing part, so that by tightening a screw connection of the door arrangement part, the preload of the oscillating element is increased and the effect of the spring member can thus be variably adjusted. Alternatively, a metal spring can also be integrated or inserted into the second housing part, which

for example, in the manner of a helical spring, the surface of the oscillating element facing away from the support rod is acted upon. The second housing part is preferably made from the same plastic as the first housing part using an injection molding process, and according to a preferred embodiment, the two parts can even be designed to be connected to one another, in the manner of a butterfly hinge, and can be made to fold together. In this case, only a locking device on one of the two housing parts, which engages in a locking recess in the other part, is required for mutual locking.

According to a preferred variant of an invention, the oscillating element can also be manufactured in one piece with the first housing part by injection molding, wherein a narrow web defining a butterfly hinge connects the two parts to one another while defining a pivot axis.

Preferably, spring supports are provided on one of the first and second housing parts to support spring legs of a spring member designed as a torsion spring, which in a particularly inexpensive design are made in one piece from the material of the respective housing part, for example by means of a plastic projection in the first housing part or by means of a depression in a cover made of sheet metal of the second housing part. Alternatively, threaded holes can be provided in the housing part, in which the supports are implemented by screws and can be axially displaced in the direction of the threaded hole, so that the preload of the spring member can preferably be adjusted from outside the housing. Alternatively, it is possible to provide the supports in certain sheet metal sections, e.g. identified by weakening lines on the second housing part, which can be bent from the outside along the weakening line using a chisel tool or the like, and can thus be changed in their inclination and thus the loading of the torsion spring. Finally,

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It can be provided that the supports are provided after assembly of the housing by a punch-shaped tool with permanent deformation of the housing part in its wall, if necessary with the application of heat. Until this measure is taken, the spring element can remain unstressed, so that, for example, the retaining rod can be pushed in with little force.

The opening of the housing is expediently dimensioned such that the holding rod can be guided through the opening at least with one of its ends, so that the holding rod and the

&iacgr;&ogr; interior can also be subsequently brought into engagement with one another without the housing or the parts provided in the housing having to be dismantled. Preferably, the holding rod is adapted to the holding forces predetermined by the spring member and the oscillating element and has contours of locking recesses adapted to the circumference of the contour of a corresponding section of the oscillating element.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the oscillating element is designed as a one-piece plastic part, which is manufactured as a solid material part using an injection molding process. The oscillating element can be inserted into the housing regardless of the housing material selected, and preferably has a cylindrical pin section, the axis of which coincides with the pivot axis of the oscillating element. The cylindrical pin section can be supported circumferentially, and the surface quality of the plastic part, particularly during a sliding movement in a correspondingly shaped receptacle of the plastic housing, has favorable surface pairing properties that enable noise-free and lubrication-free mutual pivoting, whereby practically no wear and no noise occurs even with a large number of movements in the receptacle. At least one guide section expediently protrudes from the

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The pin section extends radially, which is intended to guide the support rod or to come into contact with a surface of the support rod, whereby the support rod can be designed on its corresponding side either with or without locking recesses. For this purpose, the guide section preferably has a rounded contour, which allows the support rod to touch along a line, at least outside of locking positions, even when pivoting around the pin section. Alternatively, it is possible to provide a bearing in the guide section in which a roller is rotatably mounted, whereby the roller is then provided with at least part of its shell surface with

&iacgr;&ogr; the support rod. The roller is preferably made of plastic or metal and has coaxially arranged cylinder sections which are rotatably held in corresponding bearing recesses, while the circumference of the roller's casing is kept at a distance from the guide section of the oscillating element. Alternatively, conversely, pin sections of the guide section can engage in corresponding holes in the front surface of the roller and support it in this way.
The oscillating element is made of a hard plastic and is rigid, so that the oscillating element can be rotated around an axis without itself being bent. This allows the oscillating element to apply the force exerted by the torsion spring to the narrow side of the support rod, with the winding axis of the torsion spring and the pivot axis of the pivoting element preferably coinciding. In addition, the hard plastic of the oscillating element prevents the support rod sliding past from digging a groove.

Expediently, an area of the oscillating element facing away from the guide section is acted upon by the spring member in the direction of the holding rod, whereby the pre-tensioning of the guide section and thus the locking force required to secure a motor vehicle door are initiated. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the spring member, for example a spring provided between two winding sections, engages

Spring fork of a torsion spring, on the guide section of the oscillating element on its side facing away from the support rod, wherein the distance to the pivot axis of the oscillating element defines the lever arm of the force introduced by the spring member. Alternatively, it is possible to have the spring member engage a further guide section that protrudes rigidly from the cylinder section, whereby the preload of the spring member is transferred to the first guide section via the further guide section and the pin section. Alternatively, it is also possible to insert springy or preloading parts into the pin section of the

γ of the oscillating element and to use this to pre-stress the oscillating element. This option is advantageous, for example, when the parts penetrating the pin section interact with a cover part or the like that is to be attached later. It is advantageous to form the oscillating element in one piece with the load arm of the spring element, e.g. the spring fork of a torsion spring, e.g. by inserting it into the injection mold, and then inserting them together into the housing of the door stop.

The spring member is preferably designed as a torsion spring which has at least two winding sections, each of which is supported circumferentially in a recess in the first housing part, with a spring fork engaging with the oscillating element preferably connecting the two winding sections to one another and the two ends of the winding sections facing away from the spring fork building up the tension of the torsion spring as legs supported against parts of the housing. Due to the circumferential accommodation of the winding sections, it is not necessary to provide a pin penetrating them, but it is possible to store cores, preferably made of a lightweight material, in each of the winding sections in order to reduce the torsional stress on the winding sections or optionally even to arrange a continuous bearing pin in such a way that it also penetrates the pin section of the oscillating element, with the two parts bearing pin and oscillating element being arranged so as to be rotatable relative to one another.

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In this case, a peripheral bearing of the oscillating element is not additionally required. Alternatively, the cores can be designed as extensions of the journal section of the oscillating element. Preferably, however, the winding section is not filled at all. Alternatively, it is also possible to provide two pin stubs, both of which optionally engage at least partially in the journal section of the oscillating element and thereby both axially fix it and pivotably mount it. This design can preferably also be achieved by driving the pin stubs through the housing and optionally through the winding sections from the outside.

&iacgr;&ogr; Preferably, the turns of the winding sections are wound at a distance to avoid noise.

A preferred development of the cores consists in that they are provided with at least one groove at least in sections around the circumference, in which adjacent turns of the groove are delimited by a radially projecting web, the groove preferably being provided in a helical manner on the circumference of the core. The cores expediently have a certain oversize in the area of the webs relative to the inner diameter of a turn of the spring element, so that the projecting webs press adjacent turns of the winding sections of the spring element apart. It is then possible to screw the cores into the winding section, whereby the windings of the spring element are forced into the groove and are spaced apart from one another by the projecting webs of the core. This advantageously prevents squeaking noises caused by rubbing of adjacent turns of the spring element when the spring element is actuated. As an alternative to screwing, it is possible to inject the cores into the winding section. It is possible that the cores are designed as hollow cores to save weight.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the housing has a guide section of the

The control cam is arranged opposite the oscillating element and preferably engages in locking recesses provided in the holding rod and is firmly connected to the housing for this purpose. The control cam is preferably designed as a one-piece elevation in the housing, for example by being manufactured using an injection molding process, whereby the peripheral area of the control cam that engages with the holding rod can be made of a stronger material than the rest of the housing. A particular advantage of the control cam is that it is not only rounded in the direction of movement of the holding rod, but can also be slightly curved transversely to it.

Î whereby only one contact point is provided instead of a contact line. Alternatively, the control cam can have a central flattened area in the form of a plate, which represents increased friction and thus increased braking resistance for the support rod. The design of the cam protruding towards the support rod advantageously avoids the annoying squeaking noises that were previously generated by the metal roller provided at this point. If the housing is designed using injection molding from plastic, the cam can be made stable with little material expenditure and does not require stabilized edge tabs on which a shaft for a rotating roller would otherwise have to be mounted.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the door arrester has a stop damper which limits the passage opening for a holding rod, whereby the stop damper softens the impact of a stop formed on the holding rod in the front area of the passage opening and slows it down in the last displacement section when a motor vehicle door is opened and at the same time dampens the impact in terms of sound. The stop damper can be formed in one piece with the housing, or can be clipped or screwed to the housing as an attachment part. The stop damper preferably comprises a circumferential plastic frame in which the stop dampers, which are generally arranged opposite one another on two sides of the passage opening, are arranged.

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Parts that come into contact with the stop of the support rod are designed for damping. By providing the surrounding frame, which is preferably formed in one piece with the housing, but in the case of a metal housing can also be formed by a clipped-on plastic part that was manufactured using an injection molding process, it is ensured that even in the case of uneven loading, e.g. if the stop occurs on one side, in particular one facing the pivot axis of a car door, the load is nevertheless evenly absorbed and is dampened sustainably, even after a large number of braking processes.

&iacgr;&ogr; The design as a part that can be separated from the housing has the advantage that the stop damper can be designed as an inexpensive wearing part, which can be replaced with an identical spare part when the damping function deteriorates.

According to a first preferred embodiment of a stop damper, the latter comprises a compressible elastomer body which is made from an elastomer material provided with an internal restoring force and which can be compressed to dampen the impact in order to convert the impact energy into elastic deformation. The impact on an elastomer body, which can be a polyurethane foam strip, for example, can be inexpensively inserted into a plastic stop damper by molding it around, without an adhesive surface of the elastomer body slipping under sunlight. The elastomer body also has an internal deformation which allows it to move into other areas not stressed by the stop of the handrail, thus enabling effective braking.

Preferably, the at least one elastomer body projects beyond the front region of the passage opening and thus defines a braking region projecting beyond the front region, in which the impact energy is converted into elastic deformation energy of the elastomer body until the elastomer body

surrounding area is reached, which optionally defines an end stop or can itself be designed to be flexible in another way, e.g. as described below, for conversion into deformation energy. Preferably, an elastomer body strip is arranged mirror-symmetrically on both sides of the passage opening, so that when the holding rod has a stop with two wings, each of the wings is braked by an elastomer body.

A further preferred embodiment of the stop damper provides a

The invention provides a guide element which is integrally molded onto the housing or the frame of the stop damper, which can be changed in its position and configuration relative to the housing via a deformable connection or its own deformable configuration, with the stop damper in the initial configuration being pre-tensioned or relaxed in the direction of a raised position. A guide element is expediently arranged mirror-symmetrically on either side of the passage opening, which are arranged on a common frame which can also be formed integrally with the housing, whereby the two guide elements can each be assigned to one of the wings of the stop of the holding rod. It goes without saying that the guide elements themselves can in turn be equipped with an elastomer body as described above.

According to a first preferred development, the guide element is arranged in a recess in a wall of the passage opening and can be abutted against a floor provided there, wherein the guide element is connected to the wall via at least two connections that absorb primary deformation energy. These connections are preferably plastic webs that are secured against tearing due to sufficient thickness, but at the same time allow a preferred elastic deformation, whereby the stop area of the guide element defined between the webs can be displaced in the direction of the floor. The connection can also

be provided on one side, in which case, however, the stop will buckle under the load of the stop and the floor in the wall will then define the end stop of the stop of the support rod. With a connection on both sides, however, the guide element is displaced in the direction of movement of the support rod and there is an indirect stop of the support rod on the floor, which is buffered by the guide element arranged in between. For this purpose, the guide element can be thickened in the impact area like a lens, whereby the pressing of the lens-like body onto the floor by the pressure of the stop of the

γ holding rod the lens is flattened and an elastic change in shape occurs through temporary material displacement, so that the impact-damping effect is further supported by the elastic change in shape of the lens-shaped body and accordingly the energy conversion. For this purpose it is possible to provide a lens-like bulge directed only towards the floor or the stop; alternatively a dome-like shape can be provided in both directions. It is also possible to provide the lens-shaped body with a cavity which allows additional flattening of the lens-shaped body when pressure is applied and thus allows even more deformation. In this case the lens-shaped body is designed as a bubble. By shaping the guide element designed as a deformation body, a damping characteristic curve can be defined over the impact path, which has different steepness and can be optimized to suit the desired noise development and other properties to be dampened as well as to suit the weight of the door.

A further preferred development of the stop damper provides a guide element which can be displaced into a raised position via a resilient foldable connection, which can be pushed back into a lowered position by the impact of the stop of the support rod while storing energy, wherein for tensioning the resilient connection

a corresponding conversion of the impact energy occurs and the impact is thereby dampened. Here too, it is possible to combine the guide element with damping means of the type described above, for example by designing it as a lens-shaped body or by providing elastomer dampers optionally on one or both sides of the guide body for additional damping. It is also possible to design the damping element as a frame that can be placed independently on a housing, which at least partially delimits the passage opening all the way around and thus also brings about effective damping in a metal housing.

Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description and from the dependent claims.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings using preferred embodiments.

Fig. 1 shows a partially sectioned view of a first

Embodiment of a door stop according to the invention.

Fig. 2 shows a longitudinal section through the door stop along the

Line H-Il from Fig. 1 in a locking position.

Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section through the door stop from Fig. 2 outside a locking position.

Fig. 4 shows a longitudinal section through the door stop along the line IV-IV of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 shows a longitudinal section through the door stop along the line V-V of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 shows an alternative design of a spring support to the design in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 shows a partially sectioned view of a second embodiment of a door stop plate according to the invention.

Fig. 8 shows a longitudinal section through the door stop along the line VIII-VIII of Fig. 7.

. Fig. 9 shows details of the support rod

Parts of the door stop from Fig. 1 or Fig. 7.
Fig. 10 shows a perspective view of a housing part, which

can be used for the door stops from Fig. 1 or Fig. 7.
&iacgr;&ogr; Fig. 11 shows a longitudinal section through a housing part comparable

to Fig. 8, which has no lid.

Fig. 12 shows a longitudinal section through an alternative design to the housings of Fig. 1 to 10.
Fig. 13 shows a top view of the housing from Fig. 12.
Fig. 14 shows a section along the line XIV-XIV through the

Housing from Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 shows a partially sectioned view of a third embodiment of an inventive

door stop.
Fig. 16 shows a perspective view of a housing part of the

Door stop from Fig. 15.
Fig. 17 shows a plan view of a fourth embodiment

a door stop according to the invention.

Fig. 18 shows a side view of the door stop from Fig. 17.
Fig. 19 shows a section through the housing of the door stop

from Fig. 17 and 18.
Fig. 20 shows a plan view of a fifth embodiment

a door stop according to the invention.

Fig. 21 shows a side view of the door stop from Fig. 20.
Fig. 22 shows a section through the housing of the door stop

from Fig. 20 and 21.

Fig. 23 shows a plan view of a sixth embodiment

a door stop according to the invention.

Fig. 24 shows a side view of the door stop from Fig. 23.
Fig. 25 shows a section through the housing of the door stop from Fig. 23 and 24.

The door stop shown in Fig. 1 to 6, which is designated overall by reference numeral 1, comprises a holding rod 2 and a housing 3, which is composed of a first housing part 4 and a second housing part 5, both of which consist of Î&ogr; plastic and are clipped together.

The support rod 2 has a bearing eye 6 at one end for pivotally attaching to a door arrangement part, for example to a door of a motor vehicle, and is guided through an opening 7 in the housing 3, with a stop 8 which passes through the other end of the support rod 2 preventing the support rod 2 from tearing out of the housing 3 and limiting the pivoting path of the door. The support rod 2 is designed, for example, as a metallic flat material cut that can be produced by stamping or forging, whereby several, for example two, flat material cuts can be placed on top of one another and connected to one another in the area of the bearing eye 6 and the stop 8 in such a way that they act as one part. Alternatively, at least the surface of the support rod can be made of a plastic. The support rod 2 has a slightly curved shape, wherein two locking recesses 10 and 11 are provided in the inward-facing edge 9 of the support rod 2, while a locking recess 13 corresponding to the closed position of the door is formed in the outward-facing edge 12 of the support rod 2.

In the first housing part 4 of the housing 3, a spring member designed as a winding or torsion spring 14 with two winding sections 14a, 14b is arranged, the spring element connecting the winding sections 14a, 14b, as

The low-load spring fork 14c is supported against a section of an oscillating element 15 having a corresponding groove, while the two spring legs 14d, 14e, which adjoin the winding sections 14a, 14b, are supported in the housing 3, as will be explained in more detail below.

The two winding sections 14a, 14b are accommodated in correspondingly designed recesses 16a, 16b of the first housing part 4. Due to the circumferential mounting of the torsion spring 14 with its winding sections 14a, 14b in the recesses 16a, 16b, it is not necessary to pass a bearing member through the winding sections 14a, 14b.

In Fig. 9 (a), the oscillating element 15 is shown in perspective view. The oscillating element 15 is made in one piece from a plastic by injection molding, wherein the oscillating element 15 comprises a pin section 17 which has a substantially circular-cylindrical cross-section and which is provided in the manner of an upper part of a T-piece with a guide section 18 which rigidly adjoins the pin section 17 and forms the top of the T-piece, one contour of which, facing the support rod 2, is rounded and the other contour of which, facing away from the support rod 2, is formed with a groove 18a for the attachment of the suspension fork 14c. The pin section 17 of the oscillating element 15 is pivotally guided in a receptacle 19 of the first housing part 4 which is adapted to the cylinder diameter of the pin section 17 and which is also circular-cylindrical in cross-section, as can be seen in particular in Fig. 2 and 3, wherein the axis of the pin section 17 in the installed state is coaxially aligned with the axis of the winding sections 14a and 14b, which is designated by 20 in Fig. 1, in order to achieve the most favorable possible moment of action of the suspension fork 14c on the oscillating element 15.

• · ft · * · fr

Referring to Fig. 1, 2 and 4, it can be seen that ribs 27 are formed in the second housing part 4, which extend the receptacle 19 for the pin section 17 of the oscillating element 15 circumferentially and protrude in such a way that they enclose the guide section 18 of the oscillating element 15 on both sides and thus ensure that it does not move out sideways.

The first housing part 4 further comprises a control cam 21, which is arranged in a fixed position relative to the opening 7 of the housing 3 and is connected to the edge 9 of the holding rod 2, which has the locking recesses 10, 11.

&iacgr;&ogr;. Since the position of the control cam 21 cannot be moved, when the recesses 10 or 11 slide past the control cam 21, the support rod 2 is displaced in the direction of the wall of the first housing part 3 having the control cam 21 under the prestress of the oscillating element loaded by the spring fork 14c. The control cam 21 is arranged on a protruding conversion section 22 of the first housing part 4 and at the same time delimits the opening 7. On both sides of the control cam 21, side walls 23 are also provided which also delimit the opening 7 and which are made in one piece with the first housing part 4 from plastic. The front sides of the side wall 23 limit the possible displacement path for the support rod 2 or for the stop 8. Outside the side walls 23, the first housing part 4 has two flat areas 24 which are pierced by holes 25 for fastening to a door arrangement part, wherein the flat areas are manufactured in one piece together with the walls 22, 23, the control cam 21 and the other parts of the first housing part 4, whereby a high strength and torsional rigidity of the first housing part 4 is provided.

The second housing part 5 is embedded in a recessed step of the first housing part 4 and is designed as a cover which closes at least that area of the first housing part 4 in which the torsion spring 14 and the oscillating element 15 are arranged, and in the

Embodiment is also provided below the flat areas 25 of the first housing part 4. It goes without saying that the bores for the holes 25 are then also to be provided in alignment in the second housing part 5. It goes without saying that the area of the opening 7 through which the holding rod 2 passes remains recessed in the second housing part 5. In the embodiment according to Fig. 5, a spring support 26 is formed integrally with the second housing part 5, which is also made in one piece from a plastic material, on which one of the legs 14d, 14e of the torsion spring 14 is supported. It is possible to connect the second housing part 5 to the first housing part 4 during assembly of the door stop 1, e.g. through the holes 25, whereby a preload is applied to the spring 14 and thus to the oscillating element 15 via the spring supports 26; In the present case, the second housing part 5 has locking pins which preferably engage in alignment with corresponding openings in the first housing part 4 and clip the first housing part 4 and the second housing part 5 together. Alternatively, it is possible to provide other joining methods such as gluing or the like.

In Fig. 6, an alternative embodiment of the spring support is described, in which an adjustable spring support member 26' in the form of a screw is provided in a corresponding thread of the second housing part 5, which can be changed in its position via a hexagon socket or a screwdriver in such a way that the preload acting on the torsion spring 14 can be adjusted accordingly.

Fig. 7 shows a further embodiment of a door stop 1' according to the invention, in which the same or functionally comparable parts as in the previous embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, unless otherwise mentioned.

• · ·♦·♦

The structure of the door stop 1' according to Fig. 7 corresponds essentially to that of the door stop 1 according to Fig. 1, whereby instead of the control cam 21 and guide section 18 designed as a slider, the design according to Fig. 9 (b) is provided, according to which the cam 21' is formed by a roller 21a, which is rotatably received via laterally projecting pins 21b in two corresponding bearings 21c of the first plastic part 4, whereby the roller 21a can be rotated by the sliding past of the holding rod 2 in one direction or the other with little rotational resistance. The roller 21a can optionally be made of metal or plastic, whereby the receptacle in the

Î Bearing 21c of the first housing part 4 does not require lubrication.

The guide section 18' of the oscillating element 15 also has a groove 18a for the spring fork 14c of the torsion spring 14. On the side facing away from the spring fork 14c, a roller 18b is pivotally mounted via coaxially projecting roller pins 18c in corresponding bearings 18d of the guide section 18' of the oscillating element 15. The support rod 2 is guided along the roller 18b, which is rotated by the displacement of the support rod 2. The roller 18b can be made of plastic or metal, with the roller 21a and the roller 18b preferably being made of the same material and also having identical dimensions, so that the same part can be used on either side of the support rod 2. This advantageously reduces storage and the susceptibility to assembly errors. It is understood that the configurations 21, 21' of the cam or 18, 18' of the guide section of the configurations according to Fig. 9(a) and (b) can also be combined crosswise, i.e. that, for example, the guide section 18 can be combined with the control cam 21' or the control cam 21 with the guide section 18'.

Fig. 10 shows in perspective the housing 3 for the door stop according to Fig. 1 or Fig. 7.

Fig. 11 shows an alternative design of a housing 3', which consists exclusively of a first housing part 4 and is designed without a cover or second housing part. For better illustration, the torsion spring 14 and the oscillating element 15 are not shown. Here, the spring support 26 is designed as one piece with the first housing part 4, for example, by being connected to the wall of the first housing part 4 as a laterally projecting web. It can be seen that the lower area of the first housing part 4 facing the door arrangement part remains essentially open so that the torsion spring 14 and

β oscillating element 15 can be used, whereby parts of the cover 5 from Fig. 1 can be replaced by plastic walls made in one piece with the first housing part 4. In this case, it may be necessary to provide the injection molding process with removable cores in several steps.

Fig. 12 to 14 show a further alternative embodiment of a housing 3", in which the single housing part 4 is essentially designed as a cover part that can be placed on the door arrangement part, while the area spanning the control cam 21 remains free and thus has an opening facing away from the door arrangement part for the insertion of the spring member 14 and the oscillating element 15.

Fig. 15 and 16 show a further preferred embodiment of a door stop 1" according to the invention, the structure of which essentially corresponds to that of Fig. 1 to 5 and in which the same reference numerals therefore designate the same or functionally comparable parts. In the following, reference is therefore essentially made to the differences.

The door stop 1" also has a housing 3 with a first housing part 4 and a second housing part 5 designed as a cover, furthermore a vibrating element 15 which can be arranged in one of the ways described above

can be designed. A torsion spring 14" with its winding sections 14a", 14b" is accommodated in corresponding recesses 16a, 16b of the first housing part 4, the spring fork 14c of which is supported against the oscillating element 15 and the ends 14d", 14e" of the winding sections 14a", 14b" facing away from the spring fork 14c are supported on corresponding spring supports 26. The winding sections 14a", 14b" of the torsion spring 14" are wound at a distance such that the windings arranged adjacent to one another have a distance from one another which corresponds approximately to the diameter of the spring wire or the width of a winding. This means that

&iacgr;&ogr; ensures that when the torsion spring 14" is tensioned and relaxed, no squeaking noises are generated by adjacent windings being arranged next to one another. For this purpose, it is advantageous to wind the winding sections 14a", 14b" at a distance, whereby the torsion spring 14 is designed to be correspondingly quiet even when inserted.

In the present case, the first housing part 4 also has a groove-like, helical profile in the area of the recesses 16a, 16b, which defines grooves 30 for the windings in the concave area in which the winding sections 14a", 14b" are circumferentially encompassed, which are adapted to the diameter of the windings and in the areas in which gaps are provided between adjacent turns, have a protruding web 31 which, in relation to the base of the groove 30, is slightly higher than half the thickness of the wire of the torsion spring and thus keeps adjacent windings at a distance. This ensures in a particularly reliable manner that even under particularly unfavourable loads on the door stop 1", no noise is generated by the mutual rubbing of the windings. If cores are inserted into the cavities of the winding sections 14a", 14b", it can also be provided that these are designed with a recessed groove for receiving the windings and with a raised web between them to separate adjacent windings.

It can be seen in Fig. 15 and 16 that the winding sections 14a", 14b" are wound three times in the present case, and correspondingly two web areas 31 protrude in the direction of the interior of the first housing part 4. In the area of the webs 31, as can be seen particularly in Fig. 16, the outer side of the first housing part 4, which consists of plastic and is manufactured using the injection molding process, is drawn in, resulting in a particularly characteristic and aesthetically pleasing housing shape.

&iacgr;&ogr; With reference to Fig. 17 to 19, a further preferred embodiment of a door stop is shown which comprises a stop damper, designated overall by 40, in the region of the passage opening 7 of the housing 3 for a support rod (not shown), which secures the front side of the passage opening 7 facing the stop 8 of the support rod 2 against the development of noise when the stop 8 impacts and against unintentional rebound.

In the present case, the stop damper 40 is formed in one piece with the first housing part 4 using the injection molding process, but it is possible to form the stop damper 40 in a separate frame part which is connected to a corresponding housing of a door stop, optionally also made of metal or also in a conventional base plate design, in a suitable manner, for example by gluing, soldering, welding, clipping, screwing, joining or the like.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 17 to 19, the stop damper 40 comprises two strip-shaped elastomer body strips 41 which are arranged parallel to one another, mirror-imaged to the bisector of the passage opening 7 and which are already injected during the manufacture of the first housing part 4 and are thus firmly inserted into the material of the first housing part 4, which extend with approximately half their height (cf. Fig. 19) over the front side of the passage opening 7

protrude and thus form an elastically deformable resistance for the stop 8 of the support rod 2 before it hits the front side of the passage opening 7. When the two wings of the stop 8 of the support rod 2 hit the elastomer bodies 41, they are deformed under the load of the stop in the areas that protrude beyond the front side, whereby due to the design of the elastomer body, for example made of polyurethane foam or the like, a reversible displacement or deflection of the elastomer body strips 41 takes place, which absorbs considerable deformation energy due to the toughness of the material and thus

&iacgr;&ogr; dampens the force of an impact and its noise accordingly.

The firm anchoring of the elastomer strips 41 in the side walls 23 of the passage opening 7 also ensures that the elastomer strips do not move when exposed to sunlight or other temperature stress, thus preventing the impact damping from being put out of action. It can be seen in particular in Fig. 17 that the elastomer strips 41, which are rectangular in plan, are surrounded on all four sides by the plastic material of the walls 23 in the area of their lower half and also have bevelled corners or edges in the area of their protruding half, so that the mechanical stress in these areas is reduced from the outset.

A further embodiment of a door stop with a stop damper 40' that is designed differently compared to Fig. 17 to 19 is shown in Fig. 20 to 22, in which the same reference numerals as in the previous embodiments designate the same or functionally comparable parts.

Here too, the first housing part 4 of the housing 3 is made of plastic by injection molding, with a guide element 42 being formed in the side walls 23, which laterally delimit the passage opening 7 for a holding rod 2 with its stop 8, which guide element 42 is in the impact area of the

Stop 8 has a flat upper side 42a approximately flush with the front side of the passage opening 7. The underside 42b of the guide element 42 facing away from the upper side 42a is rounded downwards and points to a base 43 which is formed in the wall 23. The guide element 42 is connected to the wall 23 on both sides via flexible plastic webs 44 which allow the guide element 42 to move in order to allow the underside 42b of the guide element 42 to hit the base 43. A first stop damping is carried out by the deformation of the webs 44 which causes the lowering of the guide member 42

&iacgr;&ogr;. After the underside 42b of the guide member 42 has come into contact with the base 43, the guide element 42 can still carry out an elastic deformation under the effect of the impact of the stop 8 in such a way that instead of a line of contact between the base 43 and the underside 42b, the guide element 42 is pressed flat, so that there is a surface contact and force transmission. If the top side 42a of the guide element is also spherical, so that the guide element has a lens-like shape, an elastic deformation can also take place on the top side 42a, which converts further impact energy into deformation energy and dampens the impact.

The impact absorber 40' has a guide element 42 on each of two opposite sides, each of the two guide elements 42 being assigned to a wing of the stop 8 of the support rod 2. It is possible to design the wall 23 to be raised so that the end stop dimension can be determined taking into account the displacement path of the guide element 42 in the direction of the floor 43, as with a rigid wall 23.

A third embodiment of a stop damper 40" is shown in Fig. 23 to 25, wherein the same reference numerals as in the previous

embodiments designate the same or functionally comparable parts.

The stop damper 40" is also formed in one piece with the first housing part 4 of the housing 3 by injection molding and has two guide elements designed as stop bars 45 against which the wings of the stop 8 strike. The stop bars 45 are connected to the housing part 4 by two double-folding springs made of the same plastic as the housing part 4 and the bars 45, which pre-tension the bars 45 in a raised position.

&iacgr;&ogr; plastic spring 46 connected to the side walls.

The two strips 45 are arranged in mirror symmetry on both sides of the bisector of the passage opening 7 and are also connected to one another via a crossbar, whereby the system with the two springs 46 and the two strips 45 is mechanically coupled and even a one-sided load results in the tensioning of both springs 46.

When the stop 8 hits, the two strips 45 are prestressed by folding the springs 46 towards an edge of the wall 23, whereby the impact energy is converted by the elastic deformation.

Three embodiments of impact dampers 40, 40', 40" have been described above, each of which implements different mechanisms for dampening an impact. It is understood that two or more of the embodiments described above can also be advantageously combined with one another in such a way that they are implemented together in one impact damper.

Three embodiments of preferred stop dampers 40, 40', 40" have been described above, each of which is integrally formed with a first housing

part 4. It is understood that the stop dampers described can also be manufactured on a scaffold part defining a frame, separate from the housing, and can be combined with any housing of door stops.

The above embodiments have described various designs of oscillating elements 15 and control cams 21. It is understood that a particularly preferred design of a door stop is characterized in that both the control cam 21 and the oscillating element 15 are designed as sliding elements without additional moving parts when in contact with the support rod, regardless of the design of the housing.

It is understood that in the embodiments according to Fig. 11 or 12, the variants with rollers or cylinders can be used in the same way as in Fig. 7.

The invention has been described above with reference to door stops in which the housing 3 is fixed on the inside of a door arrangement part, in particular a door post. Due to the favorable acoustic and optical effects of the door stop according to the invention, it can also be arranged on the outside of the door arrangement part. In this case, the holding rod 2 is inserted upside down.

Claims (46)

1. Door stop for motor vehicle doors, comprising
a holder housing ( 3 ) with a passage opening ( 7 ) for a holding rod ( 2 ),
a swinging element ( 15 ) which can be pivoted relative to the passage opening ( 7 ) in the direction of the narrow side of the holding rod ( 2 ), and
a spring member ( 14 ) for acting on the oscillating element ( 15 ),
characterized ,
that the passage opening ( 7 ) has a stop damper ( 40 ; 40 '; 40 ") on a front region, which interacts with a stop ( 8 ) of the holding rod ( 2 ) and brakes the moving holding rod ( 2 ) in a path section close to the passage opening ( 7 ), and that the stop damper ( 40 ; 40 '; 40 ") is manufactured together with a first housing part ( 4 ) of the holder housing ( 3 ) which encompasses the front region. 2. Door stop according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop damper ( 40 ) comprises a compressible elastomer body ( 41 ) which is injected into the first housing part ( 4 ). 3. Door stop according to claim 2, characterized in that the elastomer body ( 41 ) projects beyond the front region of the passage opening ( 7 ). 4. Door stop according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that an elastomer body ( 41 ) is arranged mirror-symmetrically on each side of the passage opening ( 7 ). 5. Door stop according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop damper ( 40 '; 40 ") has a guide element ( 41 ; 45 ) which is molded integrally with the first housing part ( 4 ), which can be changed in its position relative to the first housing part ( 4 ) via a deformable connection ( 44 ; 46 ) and which is prestressed in the direction of a raised position. 6. Door stop according to claim 5, characterized in that a guide element ( 41 ; 45 ) is arranged in mirror symmetry on both sides of the passage opening ( 7 ). 7. Door stop according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the guide element ( 41 ; 45 ) is arranged in a recess of a wall ( 23 ) of the passage opening ( 7 ) and can be abutted against a base ( 43 ) of the wall ( 23 ), wherein for the displacement in the direction of the base ( 43 ) an energy conversion takes place by tensioning the connection ( 44 ; 46 ). 8. Door stop according to claim 7, characterized in that the guide element ( 41 ; 45 ) has a connection ( 44 ; 46 ) to the wall ( 23 ) on both sides. 9. Door stop according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the side of the guide element ( 41 ) facing the floor ( 43 ) has a convex cross-section. 10. Door stop according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the guide element ( 46 ) is prestressed into a raised position via a resilient foldable connection ( 44 ). 11. Door stop according to claim 10, characterized in that the connection ( 44 ) is a plastic unit which can be folded in at least once. 12. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the first housing part ( 4 ) of the housing ( 3 ) is made of plastic by injection molding and is designed as a supporting housing part ( 4 ). 13. Door stop according to claim 12, characterized in that the first housing part ( 4 ) has recesses ( 16 a, 16 b) in which the spring member ( 14 ) is received circumferentially. 14. Door stop according to claim 13, characterized in that the recesses ( 16 a, 16 b) have grooves ( 30 ) into which adjacent turns of the spring member ( 14 ) engage and keep them at a distance. 15. Door stop according to one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that the first housing part ( 4 ) has a receptacle ( 19 ) in which the oscillating element ( 15 ) is pivotally mounted. 16. Door stop according to one of claims 13 to 15, characterized in that the receptacle 19 is arranged in a central section between two recesses ( 16 a, 16 b). 17. Door stop according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the receptacle ( 19 ) supports the oscillating element ( 15 ) circumferentially. 18. Door stop according to one of claims 11 to 17, characterized in that the first housing part ( 4 ) has protruding ribs ( 27 ) which limit a displacement of the oscillating element ( 15 ) normal to its oscillation plane. 19. Door stop according to one of claims 11 to 18, characterized in that the housing ( 3 ) comprises a second housing part ( 5 ) which closes the first housing part ( 4 ) along at least one plane and is designed as a cover. 20. Door stop according to claim 19, characterized in that the second housing part ( 5 ) is made of plastic by injection molding. 21. Door stop according to claim 19 or 20, characterized in that the second housing part ( 5 ) is attached to the first housing part ( 4 ) by clipping. 22. Door stop according to one of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the second housing part ( 5 ) has supports ( 26 ) for supporting spring legs ( 14 d, 14 e) of the spring member ( 14 ) designed as a torsion spring. 23. Door stop according to one of claims 11 to 22, characterized in that the first housing part ( 4 ) has supports ( 26 ) for supporting spring legs ( 14 d, 14 e) of the spring member ( 14 ) designed as a torsion spring. 24. Door stop according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the supports ( 26 ) are formed integrally from plastic with the housing part ( 3 ; 4 ). 25. Door stop according to claim 22 or 23, characterized in that the supports ( 26 ) are designed as adjustable members in the housing part ( 3 ; 4 ) for adjusting the preload of the torsion spring ( 14 ). 26. Door stop according to one of claims 11 to 25, characterized in that the first housing part ( 4 ) has holes ( 25 ) provided in the plastic for fastening to a door arrangement part. 27. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 26, characterized in that the passage opening ( 7 ) is dimensioned such that the holding rod ( 2 ) fits through with at least one of its ends. 28. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 27, characterized in that the oscillating element ( 15 ) is designed as a rigid, one-piece plastic part which is pivotably arranged on the housing ( 3 ). 29. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 28, characterized in that the oscillating element ( 15 ) has a cylindrical pin portion ( 17 ) whose axis coincides with the pivot axis of the oscillating element ( 15 ). 30. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that the oscillating element ( 15 ) has a guide section ( 18 , 18 ') which forms a rounded contour for guiding the retaining rod ( 2 ). 31. Door stop according to claim 30, characterized in that the guide section ( 18 ') has a bearing ( 18d ) in which a roller ( 18b ) is rotatably mounted. 32. Door stop according to claim 31, characterized in that the roller ( 18b ) is made of plastic and has lateral cylinder sections which are rotatably held in corresponding recesses of the bearing ( 18d ). 33. Door stop according to one of claims 30 to 32, characterized in that on the side of the guide section ( 18 ; 18 ') opposite the rounded contour, a groove ( 18a ) is provided for the storage of a loading arm ( 14c ) of the spring member ( 14 ). 34. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that the spring member ( 14 ) is designed as a torsion spring ( 14 ) with winding sections ( 14a , 14b ) which are supported circumferentially on the winding sections ( 14a , 14b ) in a recess ( 16a , 16b ) of the housing ( 3 ). 35. Door stop according to claim 34, characterized in that the torsion spring ( 14 ) comprises two winding sections ( 14a , 14b ) which are connected to one another by a spring fork ( 14c ) engaging with the oscillating element ( 15 ). 36. Door stop according to claim 34 or 35, characterized in that the winding sections ( 14a , 14b ) have cores made of bending-resistant lightweight material which penetrate at least parts of their clear width. 37. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 36, characterized in that, in relation to the retaining rod ( 2 ), a control cam (21) is arranged opposite a guide section ( 18 , 18 ') of the oscillating element ( 15 ), which control cam ( 21 ) defines a prestressed sliding pair for the retaining rod with the oscillating element ( 15 ). 38. Door stop according to claim 37, characterized in that the control cam ( 21 ) with a rounded sliding surface is formed integrally with the first housing part ( 4 ) made of plastic. 39. Door stop according to claim 37, characterized in that the control cam ( 21 ) is designed as a roller ( 21a ) mounted on the first housing part ( 4 ). 40. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 39, characterized in that the holding rod ( 2 ) is provided with a plastic coating at least on surfaces which come into contact with parts of the housing ( 3 ). 41. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 40, characterized in that the holding rod ( 2 ) has a stop ( 8 ) which is provided at the end facing away from its mounting ( 6 ) on a door arrangement part. 42. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 41, characterized in that the oscillating element ( 15 ) and the spring member ( 14 ) are designed to be removable from the first housing part ( 4 ). 43. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 42, characterized in that the spring member ( 14 ) for prestressing the oscillating element ( 15 ) is arranged on a second housing part ( 5 ). 44. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 43, characterized in that the first housing part ( 4 ) has an opening facing the door arrangement part for the insertion of the oscillating element ( 15 ) and spring member ( 14 ). 45. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 43, characterized in that the first housing part ( 4 ) has an opening facing away from the door arrangement part for the insertion of the oscillating element ( 15 ) and spring member ( 14 ). 46. Door stop according to one of claims 1 to 45, characterized in that the plastic is a matrix resin which has at least locally a fiber reinforcement made of aramid.