DE19921759C2 - Information system and orientation process - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an information system and a procedure for information, especially for orientation of people on closed premises, whereby the Informati ons transfer or the person orientation on this closed area both inside buildings and in Can be done outdoors.

The present invention is hereinafter essentially Example of people orientation on exhibition grounds and on the Terrain of hospitals described. But it will be on noted that the description of the application of the present the invention to other, possibly similar areas in does not restrict in any way, but that it is possible to also in connection with other technical devices uses and designs such. B. on robots, Be promotion systems, within goods control systems and the same more.

In the prior art orientation systems, such as. B. that operated by the government of the United States of America ne global positioning system (GPS) has become known. With the GPS system, it is possible worldwide, the position of a recipient gers to determine, the accuracy of the position determ artificially difficult because this system also militarily is usable. For positioning z. B. one  Ship in the Atlantic, it is usually irrelevant whether the Accuracy of location determination in the meter or 100 meter range richly done. In contrast, it is for people orientation tion on closed areas, such as. B. Company premises or accuracy in the hospital or the like Magnitude of 1 m necessary for the user to determine whether it is on the right floor or in the right wing located. A position determination with several meters of accuracy here is not enough.

The well-known GPS system used to transmit the electro magnetic waves the microwave range, which by firmer Materials, trees, shrubs and the like is absorbed, so that z. B. usually no positi inside buildings determination is possible.

A navigation system has become known from GB 2 101 833 A. where a variety of radio stations are known is provided. The current position of a recipient becomes un ter using a rotatable antenna from the signals of the different radio stations determined. That in a vehicle built navigation system contains a direction sensitive An threshing floor that is rotated by 360 °. The directional emp Catch signal is used to get the current directions to the Determine transmitters and from this the position of the vehicle forward.

In particular, but not only at exhibition centers, larger fir Visitors often know each other in the grounds and hospital complexes not with the locations, so that they spend a lot of time with the Spend finding certain premises. Another It is possible that employees of the appropriate facility accompany the visitors so that they can reach their destination quickly and safely find.  

The stand changes at regularly recurring trade fairs of the individual companies often from trade fair to trade fair, so that too an experienced visitor to such a trade fair spends a lot of time with the He visits the individual exhibition stands that he otherwise spends could make more sense by talking to booths.

Hospitals are often little over despite modern construction visibly, so that a visitor even on such premises takes a lot of time to find the patient he wants to visit to find.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide an to provide formation system, which in particular for the orientation of people on closed areas, in Buildings or outdoors can be used and which it User allowed to move into vast and unknown spaces orient quickly, so that the user less Time to search for and locate the locations he is want to search, spend.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by an information system according to claim 1 and by a method according to claim 21 ge solves.

Preferred developments of the invention are the subject matter of subclaims.

An information system according to the invention, which in particular for the orientation of people on closed areas, in Buildings and outdoors can be used little at least two, preferably at least three signal transmission devices conditions in predetermined, changeable or fixed locations are arranged and emit the signals, at least some of the signals characteristic of the respective broadcast location of the corresponding signal transmission device. Farther  an information system according to the invention contains an information Mation device, which preferably as a portable device is executed, and which a signal receiving device for Reception of the Si emitted by the signal transmission devices gnale has.

A control device, which is preferably used in IT arranged ons device serves to control the informa tion device via a in a storage device of the In formation device stored program. The tax institution tion is designed such that the receiving device received signals can be recorded by the control device and that from this signal or these signals one for the mo mental starting point, characteristic local characteristic value can be determined is. The current starting point in the sense of the present invention dung is the place where the preferably portable information Mation device at the time of determining the location code value.

An input device for operation is also provided, which is preferably arranged in the information device which is also on a separate operating device can be arranged. With the input device a target can be characteristic of the location can be entered, which is characteristic of one Destination is, this destination parameter and / or the destination in the storage device of the information device can be saved. The destination value can be both in absolute ten, e.g. B. Cartesian coordinates as well as in codified Form can be entered. At the place directory or the street It is such a map of maps or city maps. B. It is customary to specify grid squares in the form of A3 or C6. If the Storage device ver over the corresponding information adds, it is also possible to use these "grid squares" the goal enter location.  

The information system according to the invention also includes a comparison device with which a spatial deviation of the current starting point and destination can be determined. A Calculation device, which is preferably in the Informati is arranged, conducts at least one distance characteristic value and at least one directional value therefrom Deviation from location, these parameters at least one ver binding path between the current starting point and the destination characterize. Furthermore, an output device for Output of the distance characteristic and / or the direction characteristic value provided.

According to the invention, an image is in the memory device the ways that can be used by a user. The tax ereinrichtung is designed so that to achieve the Paths to be taken can be determined.

The information system according to the invention has many advantages.

With an information system according to the invention, it is both possible inside and outside, reliable and quickly determine the current position and a cha derive characteristic local characteristic value.

It is also particularly advantageous that a spatial deviation between between the current starting point and the destination is so that z. B. a user essentially always about it is informed of how the deviation of its current position from the target position.

It is also particularly advantageous that, for. B. a user communicated a distance characteristic and a direction characteristic can be so that he takes a hint directly to one connecting route to its destination.  

In a preferred development of the Infor mation system the output of the output device takes place visual and / or acoustic or similar way. It can be possible that the information device according to the invention has a display on which at least one or few at least a part or all of the derived or specific characteristics values are output, such as B. the local deviation, the Ent distance value and the directional value. But it can also be possible that a symbol, a short name on the display writing, an abbreviation, a card or the like for the connecting route is output.

It is also possible that the information output is also on acoustic way, so that a user z. B. over a speakers provided in the device or via a Headphones the corresponding characteristic values in natural language gets communicated, whereby then preferably the type of language is selectable and in particular the languages, German, English, french, spanish, italian, japanese, chinese and Portuguese includes, this list is not as Be limitation should be understood. The language of the acousti The information output is preferably selectable and can e.g. B. preferably changed by a user in operation be, so that a change of the acoustic output of z. B. the language German on z. B. the English language is possible.

In a further preferred development of the invention a module unit is provided in the information device, which is arranged interchangeably. This module unit is preferably designed in such a way that it contains the necessary language formations of one or more languages such that the preferably electrical signals that of the corresponding correspond to natural language, can be output.  

Such a design is advantageous because it is out of the way the corresponding module unit can be replaced at any time, change the output language.

In a preferred development of the Infor mation system is the local characteristic value through this control device tion can be determined in at least two dimensions, and in one Another preferred development of the invention is the location Determine characteristic value three-dimensionally by this control device bar.

The determination of the spatial characteristic in three dimensions is special another advantage if the information system is on a site Should be used, which is so three-dimensional Tet is that the specification of two-dimensional parameters every possible Do not clearly describe the position. However, if the In formation system on a z. B. flat terrain used, which has no different levels or floors has, it is generally sufficient to determine a location derive two-dimensional local characteristic. The determination of a Two-dimensional local characteristic value is advantageous if by the Type of terrain on which the system is to be used only two dimensions are sufficient to make any place unique to describe.

In a preferred development of the Infor mation system is a variety of these signal transmission devices gene provided so that preferably at any place the closed area on which the information system is used, preferably a direct visual contact with we at least three signal transmission devices is possible.

The use of a variety of signal transmitters is particularly advantageous because the receiving device on each be favorite place preferably a variety of signals different  Receives signal transmitters so that a be reliable position determination is possible.

In a preferred development of the invention, the Si gnalsendereinrichtung such that the signals be transmitted wirelessly. Preferably the signals transmitted by waves, in particular acoustic or electromagnetic waves are suitable for transmission. When using acoustic signals, ultrasound scans are suitable gnale in general are particularly good since they are not human be perceived. In special applications, it can ever but also be possible to hear acoustic signals in the frequency to use richly that is perceptible to humans. Especially the use of electromagnetic waves is also advantageous for signal transmission, in particular waves in the visible Part of the spectrum, radio waves, microwaves or even infra red signals or the like can be used.

The ge is advantageous when using acoustic signals rings transmission speed, so the requirements the temporal accuracy is lower. The use of elec tromagnetic signals is particularly advantageous because the off spreading speed is very high, so that the invention appropriate information system even with fast moving objects Can be used. Furthermore, when using elek tromagnetic waves advantageous that the transmission ge speed due to atmospheric disturbances not so is influenced, as is the case with acoustic waves.

In a further preferred development of the invention, who to determine the location or to derive the location characteristic of the current starting point emp from a receiving device catch signals in the control device via a triangulati ons evaluated. For the triangulation process you can  common triangulation processes, as used in the prior art nik become known, are used.

In another preferred development of the invention procure the control device in such a way that a running time the Si received by the signal receiving device gnale feasible, so that by evaluating the run time determination a location can be carried out. In a further preferred development of the invention a location determination both according to the triangulation method and also possible by determining the duration.

In a further preferred development of the invention an image of the site is stored in the storage device. Such a configuration is particularly advantageous because then preferably the output of the individual characteristic values based on the be usable ways.

In a further preferred development, which in all up Embodiments described here is possible is a com Fit device provided in the information device, wel che is structured such that the compass device little least outputs a direction signal, which z. B. relative to egg nem predetermined absolute directional system or z. B. against is representative above the cardinal points. Preferably use a magnetic or electronic compass det.

The use of such a compass device is special advantageous because it enables e.g. B. by a user Specification of "left", "right", "straight ahead" or the like one Output direction information on the route to be taken. It is also possible to output a direction in the form of an angle  output a reference direction or the direction made available in the form of cardinal directions len.

In a further preferred development, a Rich tion determination the information device according to the invention to predetermined signal points or in parallel to predetermined ones Align signal points so that the installation of a compass direction can be omitted.

According to the invention, the control device is designed in such a way that that determine the routes to be taken to reach the destination are bar, preferably path length optimization leads, so that from a variety of possible ways or way combinations the one is selected whose path length on the ge wrestling is.

In a further preferred development of the invention the accuracy of location in at least one dimension sion better than 10 meters, with location determination more preferred done with an accuracy greater than 5 m. Especially an accuracy of the location determination in size is preferred dimension of 1 m or less. With a multi-dimensional Positioning can take accuracy in any dimension be different. The location is preferably in egg a multi-dimensional system with respect to each dimension in the we noticeably the same.

In particular, a location accuracy of the order of magnitude 1 meter or better is particularly advantageous because the Orientation in buildings, especially in rooms can be done reliably.

In all the developments of the fiction, described above According to the information system, the signal transmission devices  be such that the signals emitted are a Mo dulation, the emitted signals both frequency modulated as well as amplitude modulated or both can. It is preferably modulated or encrypted or similar form the location information of the respective signal transmitting device with broadcast.

In particular, the use of frequency-modulated signals is particularly advantageous because absorption-related disturbances the Si essentially do not falsify the signal.

In a further preferred development of the invention, who which the signals broadcast at intervals, the individual NEN transmit signals can be separated by pauses. The Length of the individual transmission signals and the intervals of one Signal to the next can vary depending on the application his. Preferably, the location information of the signal transmission is on direction contained in digital form in the transmission signal. Before preferably at least one or a part or al le signal transmission devices a characteristic Identifi Send embellishment signal, which is also part of the radiated Signal can be. It is Z. B. possible that in each Ab cut, space, wing or area of a site at least one ne signal transmitter sends out an identification signal, which then z. B. contains area information. Before the control device is then structured such that that this identification signal is evaluated and thus a rough determination of the current starting point can be carried out is.

Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous because it Information device according to the invention when receiving an ID tification signal can directly output a local area, so that a determination without further evaluation of the received signals  of the room, the hallway, the area or the exhibition hall or the like can be output.

In a further preferred development of the invention obtain the signal transmission devices such that at least a part of the emitted signals at least via an Ab cut have a time-varying frequency, whereby the broadcast frequency can change periodically.

In a further preferred development of the invention procure the signal transmission equipment in such a way that the Fre quenz or the frequency change over at least part of the this section or the entire section strictly monotonously or decreases, in particular linearly increasing and linear decreasing frequency changes are preferred. It is also possible that the frequency according to a power function rises or falls.

In particular, but not only in a training course of the last Further training described it is then preferred that the temporal length of the section with a strictly monotonous Frequency change is greater than the time it takes for a broadcast Signal to cross the entire site or at least of a subarea is required.

In this preferred development, it is particularly imminent causes at least some of the signal transmission devices, preferably all signal transmission devices within a loading rich or on the entire site, the signals essentially radiate in phase so that when sending the signals in Intervals preferably essentially each signal transmission device compare the start and end of the signal at the same time shine.  

In a preferred development, at least one part each of the signal transmission devices has a radio clock device and / or a quartz clock device arranged so that the individual NEN signal transmitters the individual signals simultaneously can broadcast and thus the signals are sent synchronously the. But it is also possible that at least part of the Si gnalsendereinrichtung includes a receiving device that the emitted signals from another signal transmission device records. Since the distances between the individual signal transmission devices are known to each other, a syn chronization and a comparison of the individual signal transmitters tings take place. Another possibility is that the individual Signal transmission devices through a cable connection or the same are interconnected so that from a central Device from which the signal transmission devices are controlled can.

When using a signal section with linearly increasing Frequency or a so-called "chirp" it is then possible from the frequency difference of different incoming signals to carry out a location determination by the control device. For example, the information device receives from two different signal transmission devices at the same time the same frequency, these are the signal transmission devices tations essentially the same distance from the IT arranged onsvorrichtung. When a signal is received third signal transmission device can by determining the Fre a unique point in a plane the charak for the location of the information device is teristic.

The use of chirped signals is particularly advantageous because by simply determining the frequency can be done reliably. It is also possible that in addition  to the frequency also the phase position of the individual Si gnale is evaluated to further increase the resolution.

In a further preferred development of the invention designed the storage device such that a plurality of Destinations or destination coordinates can be stored, the one individual destinations can be entered with the input device. There at it is also possible that, for. B. the user the individual Destinations are numbered according to the order to be searched.

In a preferred development of the last described The control device is designed in such a way that a route optimization over the individual destinations by the tax ereinrichtung is feasible so that z. B. by actuation a switch on the input device or input a Codes or automatically the order of the destinations ent is adaptable according to the path optimization. Preferably the distance from the point of departure to all destinations mi diminished. However, it is also possible that priority destinations ten are provided so that z. B. Destinations with low priority preferably further back in the order of Destinations are provided. It is possible that a way optimization first with the destinations with higher priority is made and then a path optimization via the destinations are carried out with lower priority. It it is also possible to set priority limits or priority to specify fluctuations in order to classify the individual destinations adorn.

This is particularly advantageous because, for. B. when visiting a fair Many users visit a large number of company stands want, visiting some of the company’s booths is the user than visiting other company stands. He According to experience, there is not enough time to visit trade fairs, everyone  relevant and interesting stands to visit, so that a Priority order for the individual stands makes sense.

Another problem when visiting a trade fair is that the under different exhibition stands spread over the entire exhibition site are arranged so that, for. B. in an alphabetical series follow the exhibition center must be crossed several times to all Booths to visit. Path optimization is in such cases particularly advantageous since the user after entering the destination places is given an optimal route, with possible Priorities of the user in the choice of the route and the Rei order of goals can be included.

In a further preferred development of the invention structured the storage device such that a struktu dated and coded image of the premises and area surface of the site can be stored or saved. Then can the choice of the destination also by specifying or entering a Room number, an area number, a grid square or one Name, an employee or patient name or the like Chen done. In hospitals z. B. entering a Sufficient patient name to specify a destination. On It is fairgrounds in this preferred further training Choosing a destination then sufficient, a company name or business area or the like.

Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous because the loading users have no information about the internal structure of the site needed to z. B. the patient he wants to visit, or specify the exhibition stand that he would like to visit as the destination and find it.

In a further preferred development of one or more The developments described so far is in the fiction a warning device is provided according to the information device,  with the warning signals acoustically or optically are spendable. Controlled by the control device, the Control device issue warning signals when over a pass period, no signals from the signal transmission devices be received.

This is advantageous because, for. B. informed the user if it is in an area that has a reliable casual location no longer possible.

In a further preferred development of the last be written further training will be a warning signal from the Warnein direction issued when the information according to the invention direction leaves the site. Then a is preferred Acoustic warning signal at such a volume issued that this warning signal is clearly audible. A such design is very advantageous because of this procedure an unnoticed theft of the device by the Ge is considerably more difficult.

In a further preferred development of the invention a transmission in the information device according to the invention direction arranged, the preferably electromagnetic wel len, especially in the radio wave range. The broadcast Setup in the information device can be continuous or send signals at intervals, which are then preferred an identification characteristic of this device number included. Is particularly preferred in the from the direction emitted signals also a characteristic value for the current starting point or the location of the device also sent.

In this preferred development of the invention formation system is still a central information unit direction provided that the of the information device (s)  broadcast signals recorded and evaluated. There through it is possible that a central information point the current whereabouts of the or all information device holds ready. Preferably z. B. in hospitals or the name of the user entered on the exhibition grounds, so that another person at a central control center Informa receive information about the current location of the user can.

In a further preferred development, between individual information devices and the central informa tion device information exchanged so that everyone Information device users also look at the location can output at least one other user.

The training courses described last are particularly important partial, as it allows users to be on even targeting other users in visible areas. Wei it is also possible that the central information direction to a user brief information, messages, emails or the like can be transmitted.

A possible application of one or more of the above Developments described are such. B. given in the hospital. In particular, but not only outpatients often have to first for x-rays and then for the most varied Examination rooms. Because these outpatients the sick mostly know the house insufficiently and also have a psy difficult situation, they often have Difficulties with orientation and finding the different premises. With an inventive Information system can solve these difficulties in orientation essential to be excluded.  

Another advantage of the information system according to the invention is that blind people can also use this system be able to orient yourself on unknown terrain, especially if the information device includes an acoustic voice output hold.

In a further preferred development of the invention the input device via a keyboard device and / or possible by voice input. This is particularly advantageous because natural control via speech is possible.

Other advantages, features and possible uses of the Er invention result from the following description of a Embodiment in connection with the figures.

In it show:

Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a site with an information system according to the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of an information device according to the embodiment of FIG. 1;

Fig. 3, the frequency of a transmission signal over time;

Fig. 4 shows the representation of a path optimization in the execution example according to FIGS. 1

In Fig. 1 is a site 2 with an information system according to the invention and in Fig. 2 an information device of the information system is shown. The site 2 has closed premises 3 and open spaces 4 , with a large number of signal transmission devices 5 being arranged on the site 2 , which are arranged both in the closed buildings or rooms 3 and on the open areas 4 . Each transmitter 5 is assigned a specific transmission location 7, the coordinates of which are emitted directly or in codified form in the transmission signal 6 .

In the embodiment chosen here, a two-dim regional flat terrain selected. When using the In formation system on a three-dimensional site, whereby e.g. B. the building can have several floors, it is nope tig to provide further signal transmitters in the third dimension.

A user has the portable information device 8 at a current starting point or location 18 and is informed on the display or the output 17 ( FIG. 2) of the information device about the path to be taken to his destination 19 . A distance 20 to the destination 19 and a direction 21 in the form of an angle with respect to a predetermined direction 22 are given. The direction and distance can also be output using predetermined paths (not shown).

The signal transmitters 5 are arranged in such a way that multiple signal transmitters can be received at any point on the site 2 . The information device 8 has a small housing 108 in which a control device with a processor 15 is arranged. A program for controlling the control device and the microprocessor 15 is stored in a memory 12 , and an image of the site 2 is also stored in the memory. An antenna 10 receives expired from the transmitters 5 radiated signals 6 and passes them to the receiver 9, which processes these signals so that they can be evaluated by the central Prozes sor 15 °.

Furthermore, the device 8 has a keyboard 13 for entering the desired destinations. In a comparison processor 14, which also may be part of the processor 15, the current starting point 18 is compared with the target 19, and there will be a deviation from determines the location and direction. The momentary starting point 18 is determined on the basis of the received signals 6 .

The information device includes an electronic compass 16 , which determines the orientation of the device with respect to an absolute or selected for the terrain and feeds the control device 11 or the processor 15 .

A loudspeaker 34 is used for outputting voice information and is also used for outputting warning signals which are output when e.g. B. over a certain period of time insufficient or no transmission signals 6 of the signal transmitter 5 can be caught. By actuating a switch on the input device or by entering a corresponding command with the keyboard 13 , the alarm signals can be output in addition to or instead of the output of the alarm signals via the loudspeaker 34 also via the display 17 .

In the embodiment chosen here, it is additional possible that a command is entered so that a clear perceptible warning signal is issued when a device leaves the area of the information system, so that an unbe noticeable theft is difficult.

Furthermore, the characteristic values that can also be output on the display 17 can be output via the loudspeaker 34 .

From the control device 11 , a transmitter 35 of the information on device 8 is controllable such that the transmitter 35 emits information signals which, for. B. from a central information point 50 on the site 2 can be received. The information signal emitted by the sensor 35 contains an identifier which is characteristic of the information device, so that a control device arranged in the central information point can assign these information signals emitted precisely to this information device 8 . In addition, the signal emitted by the transmitter 35 contains the instantaneous location characteristics of the device, so that the instantaneous location positions of the information devices 8 located on the site 2 can be called up at the central information point 50 .

Is z. B. given the name of the user in the information device, a visitor to the site at the central information point can get information about the current location of a particular information device 8 or its user, so that a visit to the corresponding user is considerably simplified.

The central information point 50 is connected to the signal transmitters 5 via cable connections and controls a chronologically synchronous transmission of the chirped transmission signals 6 . In addition, the current whereabouts and output locations of the individual personal information devices 8 to be broadcast from the transmitters 5 with, so that each user may also learn about the current location of a ande ren user of a Informationsgerä tes 8, thereby not only certain space on the information area 2 , but can also find other users of such an information device 8 quickly and reliably without detours.

In this embodiment, it is also possible that egg nem a user of such an information device 8 via the signal transmitter 5 , information, messages or e-mails are transmitted so that the user by output via the loudspeaker 34 or the display 17 directly via the the news and information can be informed. It is also possible that the user receives incoming faxes in this way, which are then stored in the memory 12 of the information device in electronic form, it being possible in an extension that the information device contains a printer, so that incoming messages and Faxes can be printed out directly. In the selected exemplary embodiment, the user can have incoming messages, e-mails, faxes and the like printed out at the central information point 50 .

In Fig. 3, a waveform of the transmission signal is shown over time, the abscissa X of the time axis and the ordinate Y corresponds to the frequency of the emitted signal 6 . The signal is transmitted in intervals 33 , the length of the individual signal 43 being shorter than the interval length 33 . At the beginning of the signal transmission, a section 44 is first sent at a constant frequency, in which, for. B. the identifi cation signal for the transmission location of the transmitter is also transmitted. The signal 6 is frequency modulated during the entire transmission period. In a region 45 of the signal 6 , a linearly increasing frequency is selected, the length of this section being greater than the signal required to cross a closed region or the terrain.

By determining the individual frequencies of individual broadcasts signals in the information device, the distance of the informa tion device are determined by the individual transmitters and, because the position of the individual transmitters is known, thus on the Position of the information device can be closed.

In Fig. 4, the site 2 of Fig. 1 is shown, the closed buildings 3 have been omitted for the sake of clarity. If a user would like to visit locations 23 , 24 and 25 from the current starting location 18 at which the information device 8 is located, it may be sensible to optimize the route via these destination locations. In the exemplary embodiment, the user can stimulate an automatic route optimization by entering a code signal, which adjusts the order of the destination locations in such a way that the route to be taken is minimal from the departure location across all destination locations. In the example shown in FIG. 4, this leads to the fact that the original second destination 24 becomes the new first destination 26 , while the originally third destination 25 becomes the new second destination 27 and the originally first destination 23 becomes the new third Target is 28 . The total path length of the individual new paths 29 , 30 and 31 is thus significantly shorter than the paths originally planned by the user between the origin 18 and the first destination 23 plus the path length between the first destination 23 and the second destination 24 plus the path length between the originally second destination 24 and the originally third destination 25 .

Reference list

2nd

terrain

3rd

closed premises

4

Open space

5

Signal transmission device

6

Broadcast signal

7

Sending location

8th

Information device

9

receiver

10th

antenna

11

Control device

12th

Storage

13

keyboard

14

Comparison processor

15

processor

16

Compass

17th

Output, display

18th

Starting point

19th

Destination

20th

Distance to the destination

21

direction

22

predetermined direction

23

Destination

24th

Destination

25th

Destination

25th

Signal range

26

Destination

27

Destination

28

Destination

29

path

30th

path

31

path

33

Signal transmission interval

34

speaker

35

Channel

43

signal

44

,

45

Signal range

50

Information center

108

casing

Claims (22)

1. Information system, with:
at least two signal transmission devices (5) which are arranged at predetermined locations and which signals (6), wherein each broadcast signal (6) characteristic for the respective transmission site (7) of the corresponding Signalsen signaling device (5);
at least one information device ( 8 ) which is particularly portable and which has at least one signal receiving device ( 9 ) for receiving these emitted signals ( 6 );
a control device ( 11 ) for controlling this information device ( 8 ) via a device stored in a storage device ( 12 ) of this information device ( 8 ), this control device ( 11 ) being designed in such a way that a receiving device ( 9 ) emp catch signal ( 6 ) from this control device ( 11 ) is receivable, and that it can be used to determine a characteristic local characteristic value ( 18 ) for the current starting point ( 18 ) of this information device ( 8 );
an input device ( 13 ) for operation, which is arranged on this information device ( 8 ) and with which a destination characteristic value can be entered which is characteristic of a destination ( 19 ), this destination characteristic value being storable in this storage device ( 12 );
a comparison device ( 14 ) with which a location deviation ( 20 , 21 ) of this current starting point ( 18 ) and this destination can be determined;
a computing device ( 15 ) which derives at least one distance characteristic ( 20 ) and at least one direction characteristic ( 21 ) from this location deviation ( 20 , 21 ), which che at least one connection path between this current starting point ( 18 ) and this destination ( 19 ) characterize;
an output device ( 17 , 34 ) for output, with which this distance characteristic ( 20 ) and / or this directional characteristic ( 21 ) can be output;
an image of the paths that can be used by a user is stored in this storage device ( 12 ); and
This control device ( 11 ) is designed in such a way that the routes ( 29 , 30 , 31 ) to be taken to reach the destination ( 19 , 26 , 27 , 28 ) can be determined. 2. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this location characteristic ( 18 ) can be determined in two dimensions by this control device ( 11 ). 3. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this location characteristic ( 18 ) by this Steuereinrich device ( 11 ) can be determined three-dimensionally. 4. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of these signal transmission devices ( 5 ) is seen before. 5. Information system according to claim 1, characterized in that these signal transmission devices ( 5 ) are such that these signals ( 6 ) are transmitted wirelessly, where in the signal type a group of signal types is taken, which acoustic, in particular ultrasound signals, electromagnetic, infrared signals or comprises light signals. 6. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this control device ( 11 ) from these signals received by this signal receiving device ( 9 ) causes a location determination, said control device ( 11 ) being such that a triangulation method for location determination is carried out. 7. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this control device ( 11 ) from these signals received from this Si signal receiving device ( 9 ) signals ( 6 ) causes a location determination, said control device ( 11 ) being such that a runtime determination of these signals ( 6 ) is carried out for location determination. 8. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by the use for orienting people on closed areas ( 2 ), in buildings ( 3 ) and outdoors. 9. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a compass device ( 16 ), preferably a magnetic or electronic compass device ( 16 ) is provided, which outputs at least one direction signal ( 21 ), which is representative of an alignment compared to a predetermined absolute directional system ( 22 ). 10. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this information device ( 8 ) has a transmitting device which emits at least one identification number characteristic of this device. 11. Information system according to at least one of the previous ones the claims, characterized, that at least an accuracy of this location in a dimension better than 10 m, preferably better than 5 m and is particularly preferably better than 1 m, with preference show the accuracy of this location in every Tue dimension is essentially the same. 12. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these signal transmission devices ( 5 ) are such that these emitted signals ( 6 ) have a modulation ( 44 , 45 ); preferably at least one location information is also emitted by the respective signal transmission device ( 5 ) and these signals are modulated in frequency and / or amplitude. 13. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these signals can be emitted at intervals ( 33 , 44 , 45 ), these signals preferably containing this location information in digital form. 14. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this signal transmission device ( 5 ) sends out a characteristic identification signal ( 44 ), which can also be part of the emitted signal ( 6 ). 15. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this control device ( 11 ) derives from this identification signal ( 44 ) this transmission location ( 7 ) of this transmission device ( 5 ), whereby a rough determination of this current starting point ( 18 ) is feasible. 16. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these signal transmission devices ( 5 ) are such that at least a part of these signals ( 6 ) little least over a section ( 45 ) have a temporally variable frequency. 17. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that these signal transmission devices ( 5 ) are such that the frequency change over this section ( 45 ) is taken at a frequency which changes with time from a group of frequency changes which are strictly monotonous , includes monotonically decreasing, linearly increasing and linearly decreasing frequencies. 18. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this control device ( 11 ) is such that a phase position of this device received by this receiving device ( 9 ) can be derived. 19. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in this storage device ( 12 ) a plurality of destinations ( 19 , 23 , 24 , 25 ) can be stored, which can be entered by this input device ( 13 ). 20. Information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that this control device ( 11 ) is such that a path optimization can be carried out so that the sequence of this plurality of destinations ( 23 , 24 , 25 ; 26 , 27 , 28 ) is automatically adaptable according to the path optimization. 21. Information system according to claim 8 or according to claim 8 and at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an image of this area is stored in this storage device ( 12 ). 22. A method for orientation, in particular for people in closed areas, using an information system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
that at least two signal transmission devices ( 5 ) are arranged at predetermined locations and emit signals ( 6 ), each signal ( 6 ) being characteristic of the respective transmission location ( 7 ) of the corresponding signal transmission device ( 5 );
at least one, in particular portable, information device ( 8 ) is provided, which has at least one signal reception device ( 9 ) and which receives these emitted signals ( 6 );
a control device ( 11 ) which controls this information device ( 8 ) via a program stored in a storage device ( 12 ) and receives a signal ( 6 ) received by the receiving device ( 9 ) and one for the current starting point ( 18 ) of this information device ( 8 ) determines the characteristic local characteristic value ( 20 , 21 );
with an input device ( 13 ) a characteristic for a destination ( 19 ) is entered, which is stored in this storage device ( 12 );
comparing means (14) location (19) derives a positional deviation (20, 21) of this current output location (18) and this objective;
a calculation device ( 15 ) with this location deviation ( 20 , 21 ) derives at least one distance characteristic ( 20 ) and at least one direction characteristic ( 21 ), which we at least one connection path ( 29 , 30 , 31 ) between this current starting point ( 18 ) and this Characterize destination ( 19 );
an output device ( 17 , 34 ) outputs this distance characteristic ( 20 ) and / or this direction characteristic ( 21 );
an image of the paths that can be used by a user is stored in this storage device ( 12 ); and
this control device ( 11 ) being designed in such a way that the paths ( 29 , 30 , 31 ) to be taken to reach the destination ( 19 , 26 , 27 , 28 ) are determined.