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DE19833920A1 - Textile fabrics - Google Patents

Textile fabrics

Info

Publication number
DE19833920A1
DE19833920A1 DE19833920A DE19833920A DE19833920A1 DE 19833920 A1 DE19833920 A1 DE 19833920A1 DE 19833920 A DE19833920 A DE 19833920A DE 19833920 A DE19833920 A DE 19833920A DE 19833920 A1 DE19833920 A1 DE 19833920A1
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
oxide
hydroxide
textile fabric
fibers
dispersion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
DE19833920A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Hermann Seyffer
Ralf Mosbach
Klaus Haas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Priority to DE19833920A priority Critical patent/DE19833920A1/en
Priority to CA002278946A priority patent/CA2278946A1/en
Priority to AT99114691T priority patent/ATE281552T1/en
Priority to DE59910972T priority patent/DE59910972D1/en
Priority to EP99114691A priority patent/EP0976866B1/en
Priority to ES99114691T priority patent/ES2232051T3/en
Publication of DE19833920A1 publication Critical patent/DE19833920A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
    • D04H1/435—Polyesters
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4282—Addition polymers
    • D04H1/4291—Olefin series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
    • D04H1/645—Impregnation followed by a solidification process
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/44—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 2 or 12 of the Periodic Table; Zincates; Cadmates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/45—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table; Aluminates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
    • D06M11/46—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 4 or 14 of the Periodic Table; Titanates; Zirconates; Stannates; Plumbates
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/77—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/79—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with silicon or compounds thereof with silicon dioxide, silicic acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/80—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides
    • D06M11/82—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with boron or compounds thereof, e.g. borides with boron oxides; with boric, meta- or perboric acids or their salts, e.g. with borax
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
    • D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
    • D06M13/256—Sulfonated compounds esters thereof, e.g. sultones
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
    • D06M15/233—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated aromatic, e.g. styrene
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/244—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D06M15/248—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of halogenated hydrocarbons containing chlorine
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/263—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acids; Salts or esters thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/285—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/285—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides
    • D06M15/29—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated carboxylic acid amides or imides containing a N-methylol group or an etherified N-methylol group; containing a N-aminomethylene group; containing a N-sulfidomethylene group
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/31—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated nitriles
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/327—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof
    • D06M15/333—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated alcohols or esters thereof of vinyl acetate; Polyvinylalcohol

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Abstract

A flat hydrophilic textile (fleece) retains its hydrophilic character after multiple washings by treatment with colloidal dispersions of specific oxides and/or hydroxides in combination with specific wetting agents. The flat textile comprises a fiber structure in which the fibers are held together by a polymer binder, and the flat texture contains an oxide and/or hydroxide of Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti, and/or Zn in colloidal dispersion and a sulfosuccinate or sulfosuccinamate wetting agent. An Independent claim is included for the preparation of the textile by impregnating the fiber structure with a polymer binder dispersion, drying and optionally hardening, and (i) impregnation with a colloidal suspension of the above oxides and/or hydroxides, with a solution of a precursor of these oxides and/or hydroxides, inducement of a colloidal dispersion of the oxides and/or hydroxides, and (ii) impregnation of the structure with a sulfosuccinate or sulfosuccinamate.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft textile Flächengebilde, die ein Gefüge von Fasern umfassen, welche mittels eines polymeren Bindemittels miteinander verbunden sind (Vliesstoffe) und ein Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung.The present invention relates to textile fabrics which comprise a structure of fibers, which by means of a polymer Binders are interconnected (nonwovens) and a Process for their production.

Zur Herstellung eines Vliesstoffs wird ein Gefüge von Fasern (Vlies) abgelegt, das anschließend verfestigt bzw. verklebt wird. Die Fasern können eine Vorzugsrichtung aufweisen oder ungerichtet sein. Zur Vliesherstellung sind verschiedene Verfahren bekannt, z. B. (1) die mechanische Vliesbildung aus Spinnfasern oder Fila­ menten; (2) die aerodynamische Vliesbildung aus Spinnfasern oder Filamenten; (3) die hydrodynamische Vliesbildung aus Spinnfasern oder Filamenten und (4) die elektrostatische Vliesbildung aus Feinstfasern oder Filamenten. Die auf diese Weise gewonnenen Vliese werden nach unterschiedlichen Verfahren zu Vliesstoffen verfestigt.A structure of fibers is used to produce a nonwoven (Fleece), which is then solidified or glued. The fibers can have a preferred direction or non-directional his. Various processes are known for producing nonwovens, e.g. B. (1) the mechanical web formation from staple fibers or Fila ment; (2) aerodynamic web formation from staple fibers or Filaments; (3) hydrodynamic web formation from staple fibers or filaments and (4) electrostatic web formation Fine fibers or filaments. The so obtained Nonwovens become nonwovens using different processes solidified.

Die größte Bedeutung haben nasse Bindeverfahren. Hierbei wird das Vlies mit einem wässrigen Bindemittel, z. B. einem Polymerlatex behandelt und anschließend, gegebenenfalls nach Entfernung von überschüssigem Bindemittel, getrocknet und gegebenenfalls gehär­ tet. Es gibt eine große Zahl weiterentwickelter Verfahren, die aber letztlich auf diesem Grundprinzip beruhen.Wet binding methods are of greatest importance. Here is the Fleece with an aqueous binder, e.g. B. a polymer latex treated and then, if necessary after removal of excess binder, dried and optionally hardened tet. There are a large number of advanced processes that but ultimately based on this basic principle.

Vliesstoffe werden für eine große Zahl von Einsatzmöglichkeiten verwendet. So werden Vliesstoffe z. B. zunehmend als Putz- und Wischtücher, Spültücher und Servietten verwendet. Bei diesen An­ wendungen ist es wichtig, daß z. B. verschüttete Flüssigkeiten, wie Milch, Kaffee, usw., beim Darüberwischen rasch und vollstän­ dig aufgesaugt und feuchte Oberflächen vollständig getrocknet werden. Die Geschwindigkeit und die Vollständigkeit, mit der Flüssigkeiten aufgesaugt werden, bestimmen die Gebrauchseigen­ schaften eines Putz- und Wischtuches und sind die Hauptkriterien für die Güte des Artikels.Nonwovens are used for a large number of applications used. So nonwovens such. B. increasingly as cleaning and Wipes, dishcloths and napkins used. With this type it is important that e.g. B. spilled liquids, such as milk, coffee, etc., quickly and completely when wiping over dig soaked up and wet surfaces completely dried become. The speed and completeness with which Liquids are sucked up, determine the user's own of a cleaning and wiping cloth and are the main criteria for the goodness of the item.

Ein Putztuch saugt Flüssigkeiten umso rascher auf, je schneller deren Transport auf der Faseroberfläche erfolgt. Eine hydrophile Oberfläche wird leicht und rasch von Wasser benetzt. Das Wasser verteilt sich sehr schnell über die gesamte Fläche des Vliesstof­ fes und das Wasser wird von der Kontaktstelle "abgesaugt". Hydro­ phobe Oberflächen werden dagegen nicht benetzt. Sie leiten die Flüssigkeit daher auch nicht weiter und sind für einen Einsatz als Putz- oder Wischtuch ungeeignet. Entscheidend für die Menge an Flüssigkeit, die aufgenommen werden kann, ist unter anderem auch das Quellverhalten der Faser. Ein hydrophobes Bindemittel, das die Faser weitgehend umhüllt, beeinträchtigt die Kinetik der Wasseraufnahme.A cleaning cloth absorbs liquids the quicker the faster their transport takes place on the fiber surface. A hydrophilic The surface is easily and quickly wetted by water. The water spreads very quickly over the entire surface of the nonwoven fes and the water is "sucked off" from the contact point. Hydro however, phobic surfaces are not wetted. You run the Liquid therefore also no further and are for one use  unsuitable as cleaning cloth or wipe. Crucial for the crowd of liquid that can be absorbed is, among other things also the swelling behavior of the fiber. A hydrophobic binder that largely envelops the fiber affects the kinetics of the Water absorption.

Zur Verbesserung der Wasseraufnahmeeigenschaften von Vliesstoffen werden bei deren Herstellung mitunter oberflächenaktive hydrophi­ lierende Agentien, wie Emulgatoren, Tenside oder Netzmittel, ein­ gesetzt. Hierdurch wird eine ausgezeichnete Anfangshydrophilie erreicht. Diese Vliesstoffe weisen aber den Nachteil auf, daß die hydrophilen Agentien durch Wasser oder andere wässrige Medien allmählich ausgewaschen werden. Nach mehrmaligem Wasserkontakt wird das Erzeugnis zunehmend hydrophober. Das Spül-, Putz- oder Wischtuch verliert somit nach mehrmaligem Auswaschen seine Fähig­ keit, wässrige Flüssigkeiten rasch aufzusaugen. Das Tuch wird folglich unbrauchbar für die weitere Verwendung, und muß entsorgt werden, obgleich die mechanische Festigkeit des Tuchs für weitere Gebrauchszyklen noch ausreicht. Dies ist im Hinblick auf einen verantwortungsvollen Umgang mit Rohstoffen nachteilig.To improve the water absorption properties of nonwovens are sometimes surface-active hydrophi agents such as emulsifiers, surfactants or wetting agents set. This makes for excellent initial hydrophilicity reached. However, these nonwovens have the disadvantage that the hydrophilic agents through water or other aqueous media be washed out gradually. After repeated contact with water the product becomes increasingly hydrophobic. The flushing, cleaning or Wipe thus loses its ability after being washed out several times ability to quickly absorb aqueous liquids. The cloth will consequently unusable for further use, and must be disposed of although the mechanical strength of the cloth for further Use cycles are still sufficient. This is with regard to one responsible handling of raw materials disadvantageous.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung lag daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein hydrophiles textiles Flächengebilde bereitzustellen, dessen Hy­ drophilie auch nach mehrmaligem Auswaschen erhalten bleibt.The present invention was therefore based on the object To provide hydrophilic fabrics, the Hy drophilia is retained even after repeated washing.

Es wurde überraschenderweise gefunden, daß diese Aufgabe durch die Verwendung bestimmter Oxide und/oder Hydroxide in kolloiddis­ perser Verteilung in Verbindung mit bestimmten Netzmitteln gelöst werden kann.It was surprisingly found that this task was accomplished by the use of certain oxides and / or hydroxides in colloidal dis Persian distribution in connection with certain wetting agents solved can be.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft daher ein textiles Flächenge­ bilde, das ein Gefüge von Fasern umfasst, die mittels eines poly­ meren Bindemittels miteinander verbunden sind, und dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet ist, daß das Flächengebilde ein Oxid und/oder Hydro­ xid von Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti und/oder Zn in kolloiddisperser Vertei­ lung sowie ein unter Sulfosuccinaten und Sulfosuccinamaten ausge­ wähltes Netzmittel enthält.The present invention therefore relates to a textile area form, which comprises a structure of fibers, which by means of a poly meren binders are interconnected, and thereby ge is characterized in that the fabric is an oxide and / or hydro oxide of Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti and / or Zn in a colloidally disperse distribution as well as one among sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates contains selected wetting agent.

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ferner ein Verfahren zur Her­ stellung eines textilen Flächengebildes, bei dem ein Gefüge von Fasern mit einer Dispersion eines polymeren Bindemittels imprä­ gniert, getrocknet, und gegebenenfalls gehärtet wird, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß das Gefüge außerdem (i) mit einer kolloi­ dalen Suspension eines Oxids und/oder Hydroxids von Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti und/oder Zn imprägniert wird oder mit der Lösung eines Vorläufers eines Oxids und/oder Hydroxids von Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti und/oder Zn imprägniert wird und die Bildung des Oxids und/oder Hydroxids in kolloiddisperser Verteilung induziert wird und (ii) das Gefüge mit einem unter Sulfosuccinaten und Sulfosuccinamaten ausgewählten Netzmittel imprägniert wird.The present invention further relates to a method for manufacturing position of a textile fabric, in which a structure of Imprä fibers with a dispersion of a polymeric binder gniert, dried, and optionally hardened, the result is characterized in that the structure also (i) with a colloid dalen suspension of an oxide and / or hydroxide of Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti and / or Zn is impregnated or with a solution Precursor of an oxide and / or hydroxide of Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti and / or Zn is impregnated and the formation of the oxide and / or  Hydroxide is induced in a colloidally disperse distribution and (ii) the structure with one among sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates selected wetting agent is impregnated.

Ausführungen in der vorliegenden Beschreibung, die mit Bezug auf das erfindungsgemäße textile Flächengebilde erfolgen, gelten so­ weit angebracht auch für das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren und umge­ kehrt.Executions in the present description with reference to the textile fabric according to the invention take place so apply also appropriate for the method according to the invention and vice versa returns.

Vorzugsweise enthält das erfindungsgemäße textile Flächengebilde 1-20 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Trockengewicht des polymeren Bin­ demittels, insbesondere 3-15 Gew.-% und besonders bevorzugt 5-­ 15 Gew.-%, Oxid und/oder Hydroxid von Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti und/oder Zn.The textile fabric according to the invention preferably contains 1-20 wt .-%, based on the dry weight of the polymeric bin medium, in particular 3-15% by weight and particularly preferably 5- 15% by weight, oxide and / or hydroxide of Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti and / or Zn.

Das erfindungsgemäße textile Flächengebilde enthält vorzugsweise 1-20 Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Trockengewicht des polymeren Bin­ demittels, insbesondere 2-10 Gew.-%, Netzmittel.The textile fabric according to the invention preferably contains 1-20 wt .-%, based on the dry weight of the polymeric bin medium, in particular 2-10% by weight, wetting agent.

Der Begriff "Oxid und/oder Hydroxid von Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti und/­ oder Zn" soll für die Zwecke der vorliegenden Erfindung eine wei­ testgehende Bedeutung aufweisen. So sollen neben den einfachen Oxiden und Hydroxiden der angegebenen Elemente auch deren hydra­ tisierte Formen mit wechselndem Wassergehalt und die Oxoanionen­ salze mit z. B. Alkalimetall- oder Erdalkalimetallkationen, z. B. die Silicate und Aluminate, umfasst sein. Ferner soll der Begriff Oxide und Hydroxide in unterschiedlichen Kondensationsstufen um­ fassen, z. B. die Insel-, Band- und Schichtsilikate, sowie ge­ mischte Oxide und/oder Hydroxide. Bevorzugte Oxide und/oder Hy­ droxide sind Kieselsäure, Aluminiumoxid, Aluminiumhydroxid, Alu­ mosilikate, z. B. Bentonite, Montmorillonite.The term "oxide and / or hydroxide of Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti and / or Zn "is intended a white for the purposes of the present invention have test-relevant meaning. So in addition to the simple Oxides and hydroxides of the specified elements also their hydra Forms with changing water content and the oxo anions salts with z. B. alkali metal or alkaline earth metal cations, e.g. B. the silicates and aluminates. Furthermore, the term Oxides and hydroxides in different condensation stages grasp, e.g. B. the island, ribbon and layered silicates, and ge mixed oxides and / or hydroxides. Preferred oxides and / or Hy hydroxides are silica, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide, aluminum mosquitoes, e.g. B. bentonite, montmorillonite.

Die erfindungsgemäßen textilen Flächengebilde enthalten ein unter Sulfosuccinaten und Sulfosuccinamaten ausgewähltes Netzmittel in gleichmäßig verteilter Form. Die verwendeten Netzmittel weisen insbesondere folgende allgemeine Strukturformel auf
The textile fabrics according to the invention contain a wetting agent selected from sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates in a uniformly distributed form. The wetting agents used in particular have the following general structural formula

in der M für ein Alkalimetall, insbesondere Natrium, oder ein Äquivalent eines Erdalkalimetalls oder Ammonium steht, welches mit 1 bis 4 C1- bis C4-Alkyl- oder C1- bis C4-Hydroxyalkylgruppen substituiert sein kann;
X und Y gleich oder verschieden sind und jeweils für O-(CnH2nO)m-R, (CnH2nO)m-NHCOR, OM, OH, Oder NHR stehen, wobei we­ nigstens einer der Reste X und Y von OM oder OH verschieden ist,
und R für gegebenenfalls verzweigtes C5- bis C16-Alkyl, C5- bis C18-Alkenyl, C5- bis C16-Cycloalkyl, (C1- bis C12-Alkyl)aryl oder Phenyl steht;
n für eine ganze Zahl von 2 bis 4 und
m für eine ganze Zahl von 0 bis 30 steht.in which M represents an alkali metal, in particular sodium, or an equivalent of an alkaline earth metal or ammonium, which can be substituted by 1 to 4 C 1 to C 4 alkyl or C 1 to C 4 hydroxyalkyl groups;
X and Y are the same or different and each represent O- (C n H 2n O) m -R, (C n H 2n O) m -NHCOR, OM, OH, or NHR, where we at least one of the radicals X and Y is different from OM or OH,
and R represents optionally branched C 5 to C 16 alkyl, C 5 to C 18 alkenyl, C 5 to C 16 cycloalkyl, (C 1 to C 12 alkyl) aryl or phenyl;
n for an integer from 2 to 4 and
m represents an integer from 0 to 30.

Besonders gut bewährt haben sich Sulfobernsteinsäurediester, bei denen die zur Veresterung verwendeten Alkohole eine Kettenlänge von 4 bis 8 C-Atomen aufweisen, z. B. Natrium-di(ethylhexyl)sulfo­ succinat.Sulfosuccinic acid diesters have proven particularly useful which the alcohols used for the esterification have a chain length have from 4 to 8 carbon atoms, e.g. B. Sodium di (ethylhexyl) sulfo succinate.

Hinsichtlich der verwendeten Fasern unterliegt die Erfindung kei­ nen wesentlichen Einschränkungen. Es sind alle Faserarten geei­ gnet, die gegenwärtig zur Herstellung von Vliesstoffen verwendet werden, z. B. Polypropylen-, Polyester-, Polyamidfasern, Zellulo­ sefasern, wie Viskosefasern, Zweikomponenten-Fasern, z. B. Poly­ ester-Copolyester-, Polypropylen-Polyethylen-, Polyester-Poly­ amid-, Polyester-Polypropylen-, und Polyamid-6-Polyamid-6, 6-Fa­ sern. Weitere geeignete Fasern sind Polyacrylnitril-, Polyimid-, Polytetrafluorethylen- und Poly(phenylensulfid)fasern, minerali­ sche Fasern oder Glasfasern und halbsynthetische Fasern, wie Ace­ tatfasern. Polypropylenfasern, Polyesterfasern und Zellulosefa­ sern und Mischfasern der genannten Materialien sind bevorzugt.The invention is not subject to the fibers used significant restrictions. All types of fibers are suitable gnet, currently used in the manufacture of nonwovens be, e.g. B. polypropylene, polyester, polyamide fibers, cellulose fibers, such as viscose fibers, two-component fibers, e.g. B. Poly ester-copolyester, polypropylene-polyethylene, polyester-poly amide, polyester-polypropylene, and polyamide-6-polyamide-6, 6-Fa ser. Other suitable fibers are polyacrylonitrile, polyimide, Polytetrafluoroethylene and poly (phenylene sulfide) fibers, mineral cal fibers or glass fibers and semi-synthetic fibers such as Ace action fibers. Polypropylene fibers, polyester fibers and cellulose fa sers and mixed fibers of the materials mentioned are preferred.

Es können alle üblicherweise verwendeten polymeren Bindemittel eingesetzt werden. Hierzu zählen insbesondere die Polyacrylatdis­ persionen, z. B. auf der Basis von C1- bis C4-Alkyl(meth)acrylaten, (Meth)acrylsäure und/oder (Meth)Acrylamid. Amidhaltige Polymere oder Copolymere können mit NN-Methylolverbindungen, wie Harn­ stoff-Formaldehyd- oder Melamin-Formaldehydharzen vernetzt wer­ den. Eine innere Vernetzung erfolgt beim Einverleiben von N-Me­ thylol(meth)acrylamid. Weiterhin sind Kautschuklatices, wie z. B. synthetische Styrol-Butadienkautschukke (SBR) und Acrylnitril-Bu­ tadien-Kautschuk (NBR), Polyvinylesterdispersionen, gegebenen­ falls copolymerisiert mit Ethylen und/oder Vinylchlorid, wie z. B. Copolymere von Vinylacetat und Ethylen oder Vinylacetat, Vinyl­ chlorid und Ethylen, sowie Polyvinylalkohole geeignet. Weiter lassen sich Polyurethandispersionen sowie Aminoplast- und Pheno­ plast-Vorkondensate anführen. Bevorzugt ist die Verwendung eines Bindemittels, das ein Polymerisat von Monomeren umfasst, die un­ ter C1 bis C4 Alkyl(meth)acrylaten, (Meth)acrylsäure, (Meth)acry­ lamid, N-Methylol(meth)acrylamid, Styrol, Butadien, (Meth)acryl­ nitril, C1 bis C6-Alkansäurevinylestern, Vinylchlorid, Ethylen und Vinylalkohol ausgewählt sind. Die Auftragsmenge an Bindemittel, ausgedrückt als trockenes Bindemittel, bezogen auf das Gesamtge­ wicht des gebundenen Vliesstoffes, beträgt im Allgemeinen 10 bis 40 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise etwa 20% Gew.-%.All commonly used polymeric binders can be used. These include, in particular, the polyacrylate dispersions, e.g. B. based on C 1 - to C 4 alkyl (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylic acid and / or (meth) acrylamide. Amide-containing polymers or copolymers can be crosslinked with NN-methylol compounds, such as urea-formaldehyde or melamine-formaldehyde resins. Internal crosslinking takes place when N-methylol (meth) acrylamide is incorporated. Rubber latices, such as. B. synthetic styrene-butadiene rubbers (SBR) and acrylonitrile-Bu tadiene rubber (NBR), polyvinyl ester dispersions, optionally copolymerized with ethylene and / or vinyl chloride, such as. B. copolymers of vinyl acetate and ethylene or vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride and ethylene, and polyvinyl alcohols are suitable. Polyurethane dispersions and aminoplast and phenoplast precondensates can also be mentioned. Preference is given to the use of a binder which comprises a polymer of monomers which are C 1 to C 4 alkyl (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acrylic amide, N-methylol (meth) acrylamide, styrene, butadiene , (Meth) acrylonitrile, C 1 to C 6 -alkanoic acid vinyl esters, vinyl chloride, ethylene and vinyl alcohol are selected. The application amount of binder, expressed as dry binder, based on the total weight of the bound nonwoven, is generally 10 to 40% by weight, preferably about 20% by weight.

Es ist von kritischer Bedeutung für die vorliegende Erfindung, daß das Oxid und/oder Hydroxid von Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti und/oder Zn im erfindungsgemäßen Vliesstoff in kolloiddisperser Verteilung vorliegt. Mit nichtkolloidalen, gröberen Teilchen, wie sie gele­ gentlich als Antiblockier-Additive oder andere Zuschlagstoffe verwendet werden, wird die angestrebte Wirkung nicht erreicht. "Kolloiddispers" soll bedeuten, daß die Mehrzahl der Teilchen, z. B. mehr als 90 Gew.-%, des Oxids und/oder Hydroxids eine Größe von < 1 µm, insbesondere < 0,1 µm aufweisen. Die kolloiddisperse Verteilung läßt sich im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung z. B. erreichen, indem man von einer kolloidalen Suspension des Oxids und/oder Hydroxids, z. B. einem Sol, wie einem Hydrosol, oder ei­ nem Gel ausgeht oder aber die Bildung des Oxids und/oder Hydro­ xids in kolloiddisperser Form z. B. als Gel, im Vlies induziert.It is critical to the present invention that the oxide and / or hydroxide of Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti and / or Zn in the nonwoven fabric according to the invention in a colloidally disperse distribution is present. With non-colloidal, coarser particles such as gel Occasionally as anti-blocking additives or other additives the intended effect is not achieved. "Colloidal disperse" is meant to mean that the majority of the particles, e.g. B. more than 90 wt .-%, of the oxide and / or hydroxide one size of <1 µm, in particular <0.1 µm. The colloidal disperse Distribution can be within the scope of the present invention, for. B. achieve by going from a colloidal suspension of the oxide and / or hydroxide, e.g. B. a sol, such as a hydrosol, or egg nem gel or the formation of the oxide and / or hydro xids in colloidal form z. B. induced as a gel in the fleece.

Zur Imprägnierung des Vlieses mit der Bindemitteldispersion sind alle gängigen Verfahren der Imprägnierung, z. B. die Imprägnierung mit der Imprägnieranlage oder im Foulard, geeignet. Soweit das Oxid und/oder Hydroxid in Gegenwart des polymeren Bindemittels eine stabile kolloidale Suspension bildet, ist es zweckmäßig, das Oxid und/oder Hydroxid in die Bindemitteldispersion einzuarbei­ ten. Auf diese Weise können z. B. kolloidale Kieselsäuren verar­ beitet werden. Kolloidale Dispersionen bestimmter Oxide und/oder Hydroxide lassen sich nicht in situ in der Bindemitteldispersion herstellen. So neigen z. B. Al3+-Salze dazu, die Dispersion zu ko­ agulieren bzw. es tritt eine Koagulation beim Versuch ein, die Al3+-Salze durch Zugabe einer Base, z. B. von Ammoniak, in Al(OH)3 umzuwandeln. In diesen Fällen ist es zweckmäßig, das Vlies mit einer kolloidalen Suspension, vorzugsweise einer frisch herge­ stellten kolloidalen Suspension, in der Form eines Sols oder Gels, zu imprägnieren und zu trocknen und anschließend mit dem polymeren Bindemittel zu imprägnieren. Andererseits ist es mög­ lich, das Vlies mit der Lösung eines Vorläufers des Oxids und/­ oder Hydroxids zu imprägnieren und die Bildung des Oxids und/oder Hydroxids im Vlies zu induzieren. So kann das Vlies z. B. mit ei­ ner Lösung von Al3+-Ionen, z. B. einer Al2(SO4)3-Lösung oder einer Al(NO3)3-Lösung, getränkt und vorzugsweise getrocknet werden. An­ schließend wird das Vlies mit der Bindemitteldispersion imprä­ gniert. Der neutrale bis leicht alkalische pH-Wert der Dispersion führt zu einer Umwandlung der Al3+-Ionen zu Al(OH)3. Gegebenen­ falls kann der Bindemitteldispersion eine pH-regulierende Sub­ stanz, beispielsweise ein Puffer, zugesetzt werden, um einen neu­ tralen bis leicht alkalischen pH-Wert, z. B. im Bereich von 6 bis 9, einzustellen.To impregnate the fleece with the binder dispersion, all common methods of impregnation, e.g. B. the impregnation with the impregnation system or in the foulard, suitable. Insofar as the oxide and / or hydroxide forms a stable colloidal suspension in the presence of the polymeric binder, it is expedient to incorporate the oxide and / or hydroxide into the binder dispersion. B. colloidal silicas are processed. Colloidal dispersions of certain oxides and / or hydroxides cannot be produced in situ in the binder dispersion. So z. B. Al 3+ salts to co-regulate the dispersion or there is coagulation when attempting to add the Al 3+ salts by adding a base, e.g. B. of ammonia to convert to Al (OH) 3 . In these cases, it is expedient to impregnate and dry the fleece with a colloidal suspension, preferably a freshly prepared colloidal suspension, in the form of a sol or gel, and then to impregnate it with the polymeric binder. On the other hand, it is possible to impregnate the fleece with the solution of a precursor of the oxide and / or hydroxide and to induce the formation of the oxide and / or hydroxide in the fleece. So the fleece z. B. with egg ner solution of Al 3+ ions, for. B. an Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 solution or an Al (NO 3 ) 3 solution, soaked and preferably dried. Then the fleece is impregnated with the binder dispersion. The neutral to slightly alkaline pH value of the dispersion leads to a conversion of the Al 3+ ions to Al (OH) 3 . If necessary, a pH-regulating substance, for example a buffer, can be added to the binder dispersion in order to achieve a neutral to slightly alkaline pH, e.g. B. in the range of 6 to 9 to set.

Das Vlies oder der Vliesstoff könnte ferner mit einer Wasserglas­ lösung, d. h. Natriumorthosilikatlösung, getränkt werden, wobei anschließend durch Behandlung mit verdünnter Mineralsäure, z. B. Salzsäure, kolloidale Kieselsäure erzeugt werden kann. Ein weite­ res Beispiel ist die Behandlung mit einer wässrigen Lösung von Borax (Na2B4O7.10 H2O) mit anschließender Trocknung.The fleece or the nonwoven fabric could also be soaked with a water glass solution, ie sodium orthosilicate solution, after which treatment with dilute mineral acid, e.g. B. hydrochloric acid, colloidal silica. Another example is treatment with an aqueous solution of borax (Na 2 B 4 O 7 .10 H 2 O) followed by drying.

Die Imprägnierung des Vlieses oder Vliesstoffes mit der kolloida­ len Suspension des Oxids/Hydroxids bzw. die Imprägnierung mit der Lösung des Vorläufers und die Induzierung der Oxid/Hydroxidbil­ dung können zu einem beliebigen Zeitpunkt während der Herstellung des textilen Flächengebildes erfolgen. Es ist bevorzugt, daß sie vor oder gleichzeitig mit der Imprägnierung mit dem Bindemittel erfolgen.The impregnation of the fleece or nonwoven fabric with the colloid len suspension of the oxide / hydroxide or the impregnation with the Solution of the precursor and induction of the oxide / hydroxide bil can be made at any time during manufacture of the textile fabric. It is preferred that they before or simultaneously with the impregnation with the binder respectively.

Die Imprägnierung des Vlieses oder Vliesstoffes mit dem Netzmit­ tel kann zu einem beliebigen Zeitpunkt während der Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen textilen Flächengebildes erfolgen. Im All­ gemeinen ist es zweckmäßig, die Imprägnierung mit dem Netzmittel gleichzeitig mit der Bindemittel-Imprägnierung vorzunehmen. Hierzu wird das Netzmittel einfach zu der wässrigen Bindemittel­ dispersion gegeben.The impregnation of the fleece or nonwoven fabric with the mesh tel can be made at any time during manufacture of the fabric according to the invention take place. In space it is generally advisable to impregnate with the wetting agent to be carried out simultaneously with the impregnation of the binder. To do this, the wetting agent simply becomes the aqueous binder given dispersion.

Die Erfindung wird nun durch die folgenden Beispiele näher veran­ schaulicht.The invention is illustrated by the following examples clear.

Beispiele 1 bis 10Examples 1 to 10

Polyester-Zellwoll-Vliese (70PES/30ZW; 1,7 dtex; Faserlänge 38 mm; 30 g/m2) einer Länge von 35 bis 50 cm und einer Breite von 25 bis 28 cm wurden in einer Imprägnier- und Absauganlage in Längs­ richtung über ein Endlos-PES-Siebband durch eine 25%-ige Binde­ mittelflotte und über eine Absaugvorrichtung geführt. Bei der verwendeten Bindemitteldispersion handelte es sich um Acronal DS 2350 X™ (Polyacrylatdispersion auf der Basis von Butylacrylat und Acrylnitril). Die Bandgeschwindigkeit betrug 1 bis 2 m pro min. Über die verstellbare Stärke der Absaugung wurde der Nas­ sauftrag auf etwa 160% eingestellt, was einem Trockenauftrag von etwa 40% entspricht. Die Bindemittelflotte enthielt die in der nachstehenden Tabelle angegebenen Zusatzstoffe (Gew.-%, bezogen auf das Trockengewicht des Bindemittels). Die imprägnierten Vliese wurden auf das Band eines Mathis-Siebbandtrockners Typ TH aufgelegt, gegen Verrutschen gesichert und 2 min lang bei 150°C getrocknet. Die Oberseite des jeweiligen Vlieses wurde gekenn­ zeichnet, und durch Wiegen wurde die Auftragsmenge bestimmt.Polyester cellulose fleeces (70PES / 30ZW; 1.7 dtex; fiber length 38 mm; 30 g / m 2 ) a length of 35 to 50 cm and a width of 25 to 28 cm were in the impregnation and suction system in the longitudinal direction over an endless PES sieve belt through a 25% medium liquor binder and through a suction device. The binder dispersion used was Acronal DS 2350 X ™ (polyacrylate dispersion based on butyl acrylate and acrylonitrile). The belt speed was 1 to 2 m per min. The wet application was set to approximately 160% via the adjustable strength of the suction, which corresponds to a dry application of approximately 40%. The binder liquor contained the additives listed in the table below (% by weight, based on the dry weight of the binder). The impregnated nonwovens were placed on the belt of a Mathis sieve belt dryer type TH, secured against slipping and dried at 150 ° C. for 2 minutes. The top of the respective fleece was marked and the quantity applied was determined by weighing.

Die so erhaltenen Vliesstoffe wurden unmittelbar und nach fünfma­ ligem Waschen einem Benetzungstest unterzogen. Das Waschen ge­ schah, indem der Vliesstoff in einem 5 l Eimer mit Leitungswasser unter Wasser mit der Hand etwa 15 mal ausgedrückt (ausgewrungen), dann in ein Handtuch eingewickelt und darin trockengewrungen wurde. Dieser Vorgang wurde 5 mal wiederholt.The nonwovens thus obtained were immediately and after five undergo a wet test. The washing ge happened by placing the nonwoven in a 5 liter bucket of tap water expressed under water by hand about 15 times (wrung out), then wrapped in a towel and wrung dry in it has been. This process was repeated 5 times.

Zur quantitativen Bestimmung der Hydrophilie wurde der farbige Ablauftest herangezogen. Dieser Test läuft im Wesentlichen fol­ gendermaßen ab: Auf den schräg eingespannten Vliesstoff wird eine definierte Menge eingefärbtes Wasser aufgebracht. Je nach Hydro­ philie läuft das Wasser ab oder dringt mehr oder weniger schnell in den Vliesstoff ein. Dadurch werden charakteristische Farbflec­ ken, z. B. kreisrund für schnelles Eindringen in den Vliesstoff bzw. schmal und länglich für langsames Eindringen und bevorzugtes Ablaufen, erhalten. Die Beurteilungen werden nach einer Notens­ kala zugeordnet.For the quantitative determination of the hydrophilicity, the colored Run test used. This test essentially runs fol accordingly: on the diagonally clamped nonwoven defined amount of colored water applied. Depending on the hydro philie the water runs off or penetrates more or less quickly into the nonwoven. Characteristic color stains ken, e.g. B. circular for quick penetration into the nonwoven fabric or narrow and elongated for slow penetration and preferred Expire, get. The assessments are based on a grade assigned to scale.

Zur Durchführung der Prüfung wird ein Prüfkörper der Größe von 21 × 5 cm in einen Rahmen eingespannt, der eine Neigung von 30 Grad gegenüber der Horizontalen beschreibt. Die im Trockner oben lie­ gende Seite weist bei dieser Prüfung nach unten. Mittels einer Pipette werden 0,5 ml Testflüssigkeit aus einer Höhe von 10 mm und einem Abstand zum oberen Vliesrand von 30 mm aufgebracht. Die Testflüssigkeit bestand aus 2 g Hostapal CV-Lösung, 2,5 g Luran­ tin-Lichtecht-Türkisblau-GL auf 1 l vollentsalztes Wasser. Nach Trocknung des Prüfkörpers (hängend) wird die Vliesoberseite be­ gutachtet und ein Notenwert von 0 für keine Benetzung (Testflüs­ sigkeit vollständig abgelaufen) bis 5 für totale Benetzung zuge­ teilt. Die Ergebnisse sind in der nachstehenden Tabelle angege­ ben.A test specimen of size 21 is used to carry out the test × 5 cm clamped in a frame that has an inclination of 30 degrees compared to the horizontal. Which was in the dryer above The opposite side faces down during this test. By means of a Pipette 0.5 ml test liquid from a height of 10 mm and applied a distance of 30 mm to the upper fleece edge. The Test liquid consisted of 2 g Hostapal CV solution, 2.5 g Luran tin-lightfast-turquoise-blue-GL to 1 l demineralized water. To Drying the test specimen (hanging) will be the top of the fleece and a grade of 0 for no wetting (test flows completely expired) to 5 for total wetting Splits. The results are shown in the table below ben.

Tabelle table

Aus der Tabelle ist ersichtlich, daß nur bei den Beispielen 4 und 10 ein Vliesstoff erhalten wurde, der nach 5maligem Waschen noch hydrophil ist. Diese Beispiele enthielten einen Sulfobernstein­ säureester in Verbindung mit kolloidaler Kieselsäure. Ohne Kie­ selsäure (Beispiel 2) wird selbst bei Verwendung desselben Emul­ gators keine permanente Hydrophilie erhalten. Andere Emulgatoren (Beispiel 5, 6) führen nicht zur gewünschten permanenten Hydro­ philie. Auch polymere Additive (Beispiel 8) oder höhere Mengen an Kieselsäure in Abwesenheit von Sulfobernsteinsäureestern (Bei­ spiel 9) führen nicht zu den angestrebten Eigenschaften.From the table it can be seen that only in Examples 4 and 10 a nonwoven fabric was obtained after 5 washes is hydrophilic. These examples contained a sulfoberstein acid esters in combination with colloidal silica. Without Kie Silica (Example 2) is even when using the same Emul gators get no permanent hydrophilicity. Other emulsifiers (Examples 5, 6) do not lead to the desired permanent hydro philie. Also polymeric additives (example 8) or higher amounts of Silicic acid in the absence of sulfosuccinic acid esters (Bei game 9) do not lead to the desired properties.

Beispiele 11 bis 18Examples 11 to 18

Standard-Zellstoff-Vliese (Whatman #4; 100% Zellstoff) einer Länge von 35 bis 50 cm und einer Breite von 25 bis 28 cm wurden im Foulard durch eine 10%ige Bindemittelflotte (Acronal DS 2350 X) gezogen, abgequetscht und anschließend in einem Mathis-Spann­ rahmentrockner mit Ablagegaze getrocknet. Die Flotte enthielt die in der nachstehenden Tabelle angegebenen Zusatzstoffe. Bei den Beispielen 13 und 14 wurden die Vliese zunächst im Foulard mit einer 5%igen Al2(SO4)3-Lösung getränkt, abgequetscht und getrock­ net und erst dann im Foulard mit Bindemittel getränkt und erneut getrocknet.Standard cellulose fleeces (Whatman # 4; 100% cellulose) 35 to 50 cm in length and 25 to 28 cm in width were pulled through a 10% binder liquor (Acronal DS 2350 X), squeezed off and then in a Mathis tenter frame dryer with gauze. The liquor contained the additives listed in the table below. In Examples 13 and 14, the nonwovens were first impregnated in the padding with a 5% Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 solution, squeezed and dried and only then soaked in the padding with binder and dried again.

Die erhaltenen Vliesstoffe wurden einem Saugfähigkeitstest unter­ zogen. Hierzu wurde ein 5 mal gewaschener und getrockneter Vlies­ streifen (70 × 30 mm) mit einer Eintauchtiefe von etwa 5 mm in die Testflüssigkeit (s. o.) gehängt und nach 30 s deren Steighöhe notiert. Außerdem wurde die Penetrationsgeschwindigkeit im Vlies­ stoff gemessen. Hierzu wurden 0,1 ml Testflüssigkeit auf die Vor­ derseite von 5 mal gewaschenen und getrockneten Vliesstoffproben aufgesetzt und die Zeit notiert, bis der Tropfen ganz in den Vliesstoff eingedrungen ist. Die Ergebnisse sind in der nachste­ henden Tabelle angegeben.The nonwovens obtained were subjected to an absorbency test pulled. For this, a fleece was washed and dried 5 times strips (70 × 30 mm) with an immersion depth of about 5 mm in the test liquid (see above) is hung and after 30 s its rise written down. In addition, the rate of penetration in the fleece fabric measured. For this, 0.1 ml of test liquid was placed on the pre the side of 5 times washed and dried nonwoven fabric samples put on and noted the time until the drop completely in the Nonwoven has penetrated. The results are in the next given table.

Tabelle table

Aus der Tabelle ist ersichtlich, daß nur die Kombination von mi­ neralischem Füllstoff (Aluminiumoxid/hydroxid bzw. Kieselsäure; Versuche 14, 15) mit Sulfobernsteinsäureester zur gewünschten permanenten Hydrophilie führt. Die Komponenten alleine (Versuche 12, 13) sind hierzu nicht geeignet. Die Beispiele mit nicht kol­ loidalen mineralischen Zusätzen (Beispiel 16, 17 und 18) zeigen kritisch die Bedeutung der kolloiddispersen Verteilung.From the table it can be seen that only the combination of mi mineral filler (aluminum oxide / hydroxide or silica; Experiments 14, 15) with sulfosuccinic acid ester to the desired permanent hydrophilicity. The components alone (attempts 12, 13) are not suitable for this. The examples with not col loidal mineral additives (Examples 16, 17 and 18) show critically the importance of the colloid-disperse distribution.

Claims (12)

1. Textiles Flächengebilde, umfassend ein Gefüge von Fasern, die mittels eines polymeren Bindemittels miteinander verbunden sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Flächengebilde ein Oxid und/oder Hydroxid von Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti und/oder Zn in kollo­ iddisperser Verteilung sowie ein unter Sulfosuccinaten und Sulfosuccinamaten ausgewähltes Netzmittel enthält.1. Textile fabric comprising a structure of fibers which are connected to one another by means of a polymeric binder, characterized in that the fabric is an oxide and / or hydroxide of Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti and / or Zn in colloidal dispersion as well as a wetting agent selected from sulfosuccinates and sulfosuccinamates. 2. Textiles Flächengebilde nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeich­ net, daß es 1-20 Gew.-% Oxid und/oder Hydroxid, bezogen auf das Trockengewicht des polymeren Bindemittels, enthält.2. Textile fabric according to claim 1, characterized net that it is 1-20 wt .-% oxide and / or hydroxide, based on the dry weight of the polymeric binder. 3. Textiles Flächengebilde nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch ge­ kennzeichnet, daß es 1-20 Gew.-% Netzmittel, bezogen auf das Trockengewicht des polymeren Bindemittels enthält.3. Textile fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized ge indicates that it contains 1-20% by weight of wetting agent, based on contains the dry weight of the polymeric binder. 4. Textiles Flächengebilde nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, da­ durch gekennzeichnet, daß das Oxid und/oder Hydroxid unter Kieselsäure, Aluminiumoxid, Aluminiumhydroxid und Alumosili­ katen ausgewählt ist.4. Textile fabric according to one of claims 1 to 3, there characterized in that the oxide and / or hydroxide under Silicic acid, aluminum oxide, aluminum hydroxide and alumosili Kate is selected. 5. Textiles Flächengebilde nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprü­ che, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Sulfosuccinat und/oder Sulfosuccinamat eine oder zwei Alkylgruppen mit 4 bis 8 C- Atomen aufweist.5. Textile fabric according to one of the preceding claims che, characterized in that the sulfosuccinate and / or Sulfosuccinamate one or two alkyl groups with 4 to 8 C- Has atoms. 6. Textiles Flächengebilde nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprü­ che, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fasern unter Polypropy­ len-, Polyester- und cellulosischen Fasern ausgewählt sind.6. Textile fabric according to one of the preceding claims che, characterized in that the fibers under polypropy len, polyester and cellulosic fibers are selected. 7. Textiles Flächengebilde nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprü­ che, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Bindemittel ein Polyme­ risat von Monomeren umfasst, die unter C1- bis C4-Al­ kyl(meth)acrylaten, (Meth)acrylsäure, (Meth)acrylamid, N-Me­ thylol(meth)acrylamid, Styrol, Butadien, (Meth)acrylnitril, C1- bis C6-Alkansäurevinylestern, Vinylchlorid, Ethylen und Vinylalkohol ausgewählt sind.7. Textile fabric according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the binder comprises a polymer risate of monomers which are alkyl (C ) - to C 4 -alkyl (meth) acrylates, (meth) acrylic acid, (meth) acrylamide, N-methyl (meth) acrylamide, styrene, butadiene, (meth) acrylonitrile, C 1 - to C 6 -alkanoic acid vinyl esters, vinyl chloride, ethylene and vinyl alcohol are selected. 8. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines textilen Flächengebildes, bei dem ein Gefüge von Fasern mit einer Dispersion eines polyme­ ren Bindemittels imprägniert, getrocknet und gegebenenfalls gehärtet wird, wobei das Gefüge außerdem (i) mit einer kol­ loidalen Suspension eines Oxids und/oder Hydroxids von Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti und/oder Zn imprägniert wird oder mit der Lösung eines Vorläufers eines Oxids und/oder Hydroxids von Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti und/oder Zn imprägniert wird und die Bildung des Oxids und/oder Hydroxids in kolloiddisperser Verteilung indu­ ziert wird und (ii) das Gefüge mit einem unter Sulfosuccina­ ten und Sulfosuccinamaten ausgewählten Netzmittel imprägniert wird.8. Process for the production of a textile fabric, at which is a structure of fibers with a dispersion of a polyme impregnated, dried and optionally binder is hardened, the structure also (i) with a col loidal suspension of an oxide and / or hydroxide of Al, B, Si, Mg, Ti and / or Zn is impregnated or with the solution a precursor of an oxide and / or hydroxide of Al, B,  Si, Mg, Ti and / or Zn is impregnated and the formation of the Oxides and / or hydroxides in a colloidal dispersion ind is decorated and (ii) the structure with an under sulfosuccina impregnated wetting agents and sulfosuccinamates becomes. 9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die kolloidale Suspension des Oxids und/oder Hydroxids in der Dispersion des polymeren Bindemittels vorliegt.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the colloidal suspension of the oxide and / or hydroxide in the Dispersion of the polymeric binder is present. 10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es sich bei der kolloidalen Suspension um eine Suspension kol­ loidaler Kieselsäure handelt.10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that it colloidal suspension is a suspension col loidal silica. 11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Vorläufer eines Oxids und/oder Hydroxids eine Al3+-Ionen ent­ haltende Lösung ist.11. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the precursor of an oxide and / or hydroxide is a solution containing Al 3+ ions ent. 12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Induzierung der Bildung des Oxids und/oder Hydroxids gleich­ zeitig mit der Imprägnierung mit der Dispersion des polymeren Bindemittels erfolgt.12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the Induction of the formation of the oxide and / or hydroxide equal early with the impregnation with the dispersion of the polymer Binder takes place.
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