DE19816881B4 - Method and device for detecting and distinguishing between contaminations and acceptances as well as between different colors in solid particles - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting and distinguishing between contaminations and acceptances as well as between different colors in solid particles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE19816881B4 DE19816881B4 DE1998116881 DE19816881A DE19816881B4 DE 19816881 B4 DE19816881 B4 DE 19816881B4 DE 1998116881 DE1998116881 DE 1998116881 DE 19816881 A DE19816881 A DE 19816881A DE 19816881 B4 DE19816881 B4 DE 19816881B4
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- substances
- laser
- emitted light
- colors
- contaminations
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
- B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
- B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour
- B07C5/3425—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain
- B07C5/3427—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour of granular material, e.g. ore particles, grain by changing or intensifying the optical properties prior to scanning, e.g. by inducing fluorescence under UV or x-radiation, subjecting the material to a chemical reaction
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N21/8901—Optical details; Scanning details
Landscapes
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Sorting Of Articles (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zur Detektion und Unterscheidung der Grundmaterialien, der Farben und der Kontaminationen in granulatähnlichen oder tablettenförmigen Stoffen (3), wobei die Stoffe (3) mit einem Laser (1, 14) bestrahlt und optisch angeregt werden und der Laührt wird, wobei das von den Stoffen (3) reemittierte Licht (10, 22, 38) zur Detektion und Unterscheidung sowohl der Grundmaterialien als auch der Farben und der Kontaminationen erfasst wird und wobei das reemittierte Licht (10, 22, 38) koaxial und entgegengesetzt zu dem Laserstrahl (4, 31) verläuft und der Laserstrahl (4, 31) und das reemittierte Licht (10, 22, 38) über ein reflektierendes Polygonrad (18, 33) verlaufen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das reemittierte Licht (10, 22; 38) mittels eines Spektrometers (11) zerlegt und mittels Multianoden-Photomultiplier-Röhren (30, 42, 53) zur spektroskopischen Analyse erfasst wird und dass das erfasste Licht spektroskopisch analysiert wird und dass die Stoffe (3) nach Grundmaterialien, Farben...A method for the detection and differentiation of the basic materials, the colors and the contaminations in granulate-like or tablet-shaped substances (3), the substances (3) being irradiated and optically stimulated with a laser (1, 14) and the laitance being carried out by the Substances (3) re-emitted light (10, 22, 38) for the detection and differentiation of the base materials as well as the colors and the contaminations is recorded and the re-emitted light (10, 22, 38) is coaxial and opposite to the laser beam (4, 31) and the laser beam (4, 31) and the re-emitted light (10, 22, 38) run over a reflecting polygon wheel (18, 33), characterized in that the re-emitted light (10, 22; 38) by means of a spectrometer (11) is disassembled and recorded by means of multi-anode photomultiplier tubes (30, 42, 53) for spectroscopic analysis and that the recorded light is analyzed spectroscopically and that the substances (3) according to basic materials, colors ...
Description
In zahlreichen technischen on-line-Prozessen ist die Kontrolle der Produktqualität bzw. der Farbe ein wesentliches Qualitätskriterium. So ist beispielsweise bei der Herstellung von Kunststoffbehältern, insbesondere von Kunststoffflaschen für die Getränkeindustrie, unter Verwendung von granuliertem Recycling-Material, die Trennung und Sortierung verschiedener Farbfraktionen, verschiedener Kunststofftypen, z. B. Polyethylen, Polyamid, Polyvenylchlorid, die Erkennung und Aussortierung von beispielsweise mit Benzin, Diesel, Benzol, Toluol, Xylol kontaminierten Bruchstücken, erforderlich, um einen Wiedereinsatz z. B. in der Lebensmittelindustrie, zu ermöglichen. Um dieses Ziel zu erreichen, müssen die wiederverwertbaren reinen Grundmaterialien von kontaminierten Granulaten unterschieden und separiert werden können. Darüberhinaus müssen die verschiedenen gefärbten Bruchstücke in farbreine Fraktionen sortiert werden.In numerous on-line technical processes, the control of product quality or color is an essential quality criterion. For example, in the manufacture of plastic containers, especially plastic bottles for the beverage industry, using granulated recycled material, the separation and sorting of different color fractions, different types of plastics, eg. As polyethylene, polyamide, polyvinyl chloride, the detection and sorting of, for example, with gasoline, diesel, benzene, toluene, xylene contaminated fragments, required to reuse z. In the food industry. To achieve this goal, the recyclable pure base materials must be able to be differentiated and separated from contaminated granules. In addition, the different colored fragments must be sorted into pure color fractions.
Diese vielschichtige und komplexe Aufgabe konnte von den Verfahren und Vorrichtungen gemäß dem Stand der Technik nur in Teilbereichen und nur unbefriedigend gelöst werden. So sind Vorrichtungen bekannt geworden, die unter Einsatz von CCD-Farbkameras eine Farberkennung mit anschließender Farbsortierung durch Einsatz von gesteuerten Luftstrahldüsen ermöglichen. Diese Systeme weisen jedoch die Nachteile zu geringer Messgeschwindigkeit und zu niedriger Signal-/Rausch-Verhältnisse auf und sind daher für den hier vorgesehenen prozesstechnischen Einsatz nicht geeignet. Darüberhinaus wurden gemäß dem Stand der Technik Entwicklungen zur Identifikation und Trennung verschiedener Kunststoffe vorangetrieben. Die dabei eingesetzten Verfahren eignen sich jedoch nicht für die Lösung entsprechender Aufgabenstellungen an Granulaten oder granulatähnlichen Bruchstücken aus Recyclat, da bei der hier beabsichtigten Identifkation und Sortierung von mehr oder weniger zerkleinerten Flaschen, Behältern etc. etwa um den Faktor 1000 höhere Messgeschwindigkeiten gefordert werden, um den aus Wirtschaftlichkeitsgründen vorgegebenen Mindestmassenstrom zu bewältigen. Erschwerend kommt hinzu, dass sowohl für die Farberkennung als auch für die Stoffunterscheidung jeweils eigene Systeme mit unterschiedlichen physikalischen Prinzipien, d. h. CCD-Kameras für die Farberkennung bzw. NIR-Absorption für die Kunststoffklassifizierung, benötigt werden, deren Gesamtkosten über dem wirtschaftlich vertretbaren Kostenlimit pro Anlage liegen. Als größter Nachteil erweist sich jedoch die Tatsache, dass keiner der oben genannten Methoden den Nachweis von Kontaminationen durch Fremdstoffe, die in dem Basismaterial eingelagert wurden, ermöglicht. Letzteres ist jedoch z. B. im Rahmen des Recyclings von lebensmitteltechnologisch genutzten Kunststoffen, die mehrfach als Lebensmittelbehälter genutzt werden sollen, eine unumgängliche Forderung.This complex and complex task could be solved by the methods and devices according to the prior art only in some areas and only unsatisfactory. Thus, devices have become known which enable the use of CCD color cameras, a color detection with subsequent color sorting through the use of controlled air jet nozzles. However, these systems have the disadvantages of low measuring speed and low signal-to-noise ratios and are therefore not suitable for the process engineering application provided here. Moreover, according to the prior art, developments for the identification and separation of various plastics have been advanced. However, the methods used in this case are not suitable for the solution of corresponding tasks on granules or granulate-like fragments of recyclate, since in the intended here identification and sorting of more or less shredded bottles, containers, etc. about 1000 times higher measuring speeds are required to to cope with the minimum mass flow given for reasons of economy. To make matters worse, both for the color detection and for the substance distinction each own systems with different physical principles, d. H. CCD cameras for color detection or NIR absorption for plastic classification, are needed, the total cost of the economically reasonable cost limit per system are. However, the biggest drawback is the fact that none of the above-mentioned methods makes it possible to detect contamination by foreign substances stored in the base material. The latter is, however, z. As in the context of the recycling of food technology used plastics, which are to be used several times as a food container, an indispensable requirement.
Eine Anordnung zur sortenreinen Trennung von Kunststoffen insbesondere von Kunststoffabfällen mit Hilfe der NIR-Spektroskopie ist aus
In der
Die Schrift
Die Patentschrift
Die
Aus
Ziel und Aufgabenstellung der vorliegenden Erfindung sind daher, ein neuartiges Verfahren bzw. Vorrichtungen vorzuschlagen, die neben einer Farbidentifikation und einer Stoffklassifizierung eine Identifikation der Kontaminationen im Basismaterial ermöglichen, wobei aus Wirtschaftlichkeitsgründen nur ein einziges physikalisches Grundprinzip zur simultanen Lösung von insgesamt drei Problemkreisen zugelassen ist.The aim and object of the present invention are therefore to propose a novel method or devices that allow in addition to a color identification and a substance classification identification of contaminants in the base material, for economic reasons, only a single basic physical principle for simultaneously solving a total of three problem areas is allowed.
Die vorliegende Erfindung löst diese drei Problemstellungen in der Weise, dass das auf einem Transportband bewegte Recycling-Granulat von einem Laser beleuchtet und die vom Granulat reemittierte Strahlung in einem breiten Spektralbereich spektroskopisch analysiert wird. Darüberhinaus sind erfindungsgemäß Maßnahmen vorgesehen, die eine flächendeckende Erfassung und Auswertung der Spektren zur Ermittlung der Farben, der Basismaterialien und der Kontaminationen der Granulate in Echtzeit ermöglichen.The present invention solves these three problems in such a way that the recycled granules moved on a conveyor belt are illuminated by a laser and the radiation re-emitted by the granulate is analyzed spectroscopically in a broad spectral range. In addition, according to the invention, measures are provided which enable comprehensive coverage and evaluation of the spectra for determining the colors, the base materials and the contaminations of the granules in real time.
Die Erfindung wird in den nachstehend aufgeführten
Gemäß
Das auf den Spalt (
Ein wesentlicher Teil der optischen Anordnung des neuen Verfahrens ist in
Gemäß
Bei der dritten Variante der Signalauswertung wird gemäß
Die gemäß dem neuen Verfahren erhaltenen Spektren für Kontaminationen sind in
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1998116881 DE19816881B4 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 1998-04-17 | Method and device for detecting and distinguishing between contaminations and acceptances as well as between different colors in solid particles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE1998116881 DE19816881B4 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 1998-04-17 | Method and device for detecting and distinguishing between contaminations and acceptances as well as between different colors in solid particles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE19816881A1 DE19816881A1 (en) | 1999-10-21 |
DE19816881B4 true DE19816881B4 (en) | 2012-01-05 |
Family
ID=7864723
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE1998116881 Expired - Lifetime DE19816881B4 (en) | 1998-04-17 | 1998-04-17 | Method and device for detecting and distinguishing between contaminations and acceptances as well as between different colors in solid particles |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE19816881B4 (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016214792A1 (en) | 2016-08-09 | 2018-02-15 | Gunther Krieg | Device and method for the identification of substances of a material by means of spectroscopy |
CN109570051A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-05 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Chinese chestnut small holes caused by worms detection device based on machine vision, laser and acoustics |
Families Citing this family (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US6509537B1 (en) * | 1999-05-14 | 2003-01-21 | Gunther Krieg | Method and device for detecting and differentiating between contaminations and accepts as well as between different colors in solid particles |
DE102010048101A1 (en) | 2010-01-25 | 2011-07-28 | Krieg, Gunther, Prof. Dr.-Ing., 76227 | Method and device for detecting and sorting out optically inactive substances |
MX2013002297A (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2013-04-24 | Cabot Security Materials Inc | Inline spectroscopic reader and methods. |
DK2610781T3 (en) | 2011-12-28 | 2015-11-09 | Aygaz Anonim Sirketi | Cylinder Recognition System |
DE102014111871B3 (en) | 2014-08-20 | 2015-12-31 | Unisensor Sensorsysteme Gmbh | Sorting plant and process for separating material fractions |
DE102016214496A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2018-02-08 | Gunther Krieg | Device for the identification of substances |
DE102016214469A1 (en) | 2016-08-04 | 2018-02-08 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Torque transfer device |
JP7562597B2 (en) * | 2022-05-12 | 2024-10-07 | キヤノン株式会社 | Identification Device |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3945729A (en) * | 1974-12-30 | 1976-03-23 | Stanford Research Institute | Combined ranging and color sensor |
US4122952A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1978-10-31 | Sphere Investments Limited | Photometric sorters |
US4600105A (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1986-07-15 | Sphere Investments Limited | Method and apparatus for sorting objects of ore by monitoring reflected radiation |
EP0345949A2 (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1989-12-13 | Gersan Establishment | Sensing a narrow frequency band of radiation and examining objects or zones |
DE4312915A1 (en) * | 1993-04-10 | 1994-10-13 | Laser Labor Adlershof Gmbh | Process and arrangement for the IR (infrared) spectroscopic separation of plastics |
WO1996006689A2 (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1996-03-07 | Tiedemanns Joh.H. Andresen Ans | Determination of characteristics of material |
WO1998019800A1 (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1998-05-14 | National Recovery Technologies, Inc. | Application of raman spectroscopy to identification and sorting of post-consumer plastics for recycling |
WO1998044335A1 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-08 | Marc Ruymen | Method and apparatus for detecting irregularities in a product |
-
1998
- 1998-04-17 DE DE1998116881 patent/DE19816881B4/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3945729A (en) * | 1974-12-30 | 1976-03-23 | Stanford Research Institute | Combined ranging and color sensor |
US4122952A (en) * | 1976-04-26 | 1978-10-31 | Sphere Investments Limited | Photometric sorters |
US4600105A (en) * | 1983-03-23 | 1986-07-15 | Sphere Investments Limited | Method and apparatus for sorting objects of ore by monitoring reflected radiation |
EP0345949A2 (en) * | 1988-05-06 | 1989-12-13 | Gersan Establishment | Sensing a narrow frequency band of radiation and examining objects or zones |
DE4312915A1 (en) * | 1993-04-10 | 1994-10-13 | Laser Labor Adlershof Gmbh | Process and arrangement for the IR (infrared) spectroscopic separation of plastics |
WO1996006689A2 (en) * | 1994-08-19 | 1996-03-07 | Tiedemanns Joh.H. Andresen Ans | Determination of characteristics of material |
WO1998019800A1 (en) * | 1996-11-04 | 1998-05-14 | National Recovery Technologies, Inc. | Application of raman spectroscopy to identification and sorting of post-consumer plastics for recycling |
WO1998044335A1 (en) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-10-08 | Marc Ruymen | Method and apparatus for detecting irregularities in a product |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102016214792A1 (en) | 2016-08-09 | 2018-02-15 | Gunther Krieg | Device and method for the identification of substances of a material by means of spectroscopy |
CN109570051A (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2019-04-05 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Chinese chestnut small holes caused by worms detection device based on machine vision, laser and acoustics |
CN109570051B (en) * | 2019-01-16 | 2020-09-11 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Chinese chestnut wormhole detection device based on machine vision, laser and acoustics |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE19816881A1 (en) | 1999-10-21 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1105715B1 (en) | Method and device for detecting and differentiating between contaminations and accepts as well as between different colors in solid particles | |
DE4129754C2 (en) | Process for the recovery of pure plastic fractions | |
EP3263234B1 (en) | Scrap sorting method and system | |
DE60032136T2 (en) | MATERIAL INSPECTION | |
EP0293983B1 (en) | Method for analysing metal particles | |
DE69731651T2 (en) | SORTING DEVICE | |
DE4102767A1 (en) | METHOD FOR QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF PLASTIC PARTICLES | |
DE102010024784B4 (en) | Multi-sensor arrangement for optical inspection and sorting of bulk materials | |
DE19751862C2 (en) | Method and device for identifying and sorting belt-conveyed objects | |
EP1752228A1 (en) | Process and device for detection and sorting of glass | |
EP0599153B1 (en) | Method and device for the identification of materials | |
DE19519861C2 (en) | Method and device for detecting and removing foreign objects | |
DE19816881B4 (en) | Method and device for detecting and distinguishing between contaminations and acceptances as well as between different colors in solid particles | |
DE19949656A1 (en) | Separating scrap plastics from vehicles, electronics and other areas according to type, has two stages of separation which use sensors to determine material sort and position on a belt or carousel | |
WO1994025186A1 (en) | Process and device for sorting materials | |
DE4305006A1 (en) | Automatic handling, sorting and sepn. of waste material - preliminarily sorts by size, density or volume and secondarily identifies by spectrographic analysis, for reclaiming recyclable items | |
DE4329193A1 (en) | Apparatus for the automatic measurement and separation of bodies in terms of their material properties | |
EP2110187B1 (en) | Method for identifying, classifying and sorting objects and materials and a recognition system for carrying out this method | |
DE10149505A1 (en) | Method and device for selecting plastics and other materials with regard to color and composition | |
DE4340795A1 (en) | Method and arrangement for the measurement and separation of bodies in relation to their material composition | |
EP3811062B1 (en) | Apparatus and method for sorting of powdered or granular material | |
Chen et al. | Sensor-based sorting | |
EP1533045B1 (en) | Process and device for improved sorting of waste paper and cardboard | |
DE69307344T2 (en) | SEPARATION OF PLASTICS | |
EP2348304B1 (en) | Device for detecting and sorting out optical inactive substances |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
8181 | Inventor (new situation) |
Free format text: FEY, DIRK, 76199 KARLSRUHE, DE BOHLEBER, JUERGEN, 77815 BUEHL, DE DAUSCH, MANFRED, 76831 GOECKLINGEN, DE KRIEG, G., PROF., DR.-ING., 76227 KARLSRUHE, DE |
|
8110 | Request for examination paragraph 44 | ||
R018 | Grant decision by examination section/examining division | ||
R020 | Patent grant now final |
Effective date: 20120406 |
|
R071 | Expiry of right |