DE1653404A1 - Outlet valve for piston pumps - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a ve r be "arertes exhaust valve in a piston pump. In more general terms, the present invention comprises a control system for liquid or gaseous media with improved valves which is used in particular to pump such media in atmospheres with very low temperatures. -

Piston pumps are usually used for control purposes the passage of the gaseous or liquid media a pump chamber into an outlet container poppet valves

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PtilunfunwäHs Dipl.-Ing.McirHn Lichr, Dipl -Wirrsch.-Intj.Axel Hansmann, Dipl.-Phys. Sebastian Herrmann 8 MUHCHEH J ₁ THERESIEMSIIiASSE Vl · ToloFom 28 1202 ■ Telagromm-Ailroäscu Lipafli / Mönrfion

υ · «.: 'yirh ^ Wiii g =: .. DuuIätJio Bank AG, FiHoIo Mßnchaü, Dop.-K-wso Vü'iuuliamnarkf, Account-Mr. 70/30 ^ 38 ö-jy-.T ■ /: ..-! ... Ι -.-, ν lAuu-h: n, Ä-Diasl. O & .ar-mn Miliar-Rina, Kia.Ur. 8024 '«· Puil ^ haclt.KnnlO: MöndiBö Mr. 16333 /

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used, which at the same time the flow of the medium out prevent the outlet container into the pump chamber. Traditionally are these valve heads either by springs or by gravity in the direction of the Valve seats preloaded. Gravity-loaded valve disks have the disadvantage that they require vertical mounting, to allow the valve disc to rest on the valve seat under gravity. In many cases, in particular in the case of spacecraft and the like, such a vertical arrangement cannot be guaranteed, and on Gravity-based systems cannot therefore be used in these cases. Springs and spring follower arrangements on the other hand, are complicated and subject to excessive wear. Assuming that the piston. Of the pump and as a result, the poppet valve reciprocates at a rate of 20 strokes per second without it It can also be seen that the springs and spring follower assemblies have a relatively short life. One type of known valve that is a spring loaded The poppet valve is used in the IT.S.A. patent 2,837,898.

The improved exhaust valve of the present invention operates in the same manner as in the art known poppet valves, but does not use gravity still feathers as a source of energy. Accordingly, the valve according to the present invention can be used in any desired

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Orientation with respect to gravity can be used and has a lifespan that is not due to the short life expectancy a spring or a spring follower arrangement is limited.

The discharge valve according to the present invention is used in a pump which has a piston which, in normal back and forth movement, is capable of forcing gaseous or liquid medium through a cylindrical channel. The improved outlet valve, which sits in the channel and serves to control the outflow of the medium into an outlet container, comprises the following components: A pump chamber with a seat at one end which serves to provide an outlet shut-off member (sometimes referred to as "plate ¹¹ ), an outlet container, an outlet shut-off part movably arranged between the pump chamber and the outlet container, the seat and the outlet shut-off part being dimensioned such that, when the outlet shut-off part is in the seat, the flow of liquid through the outlet valve is shut off, and at least two openings which connect the pump chamber to the container and are dimensioned in relation to one another so that they enable the pressure difference on the chamber side or piston side and the container side of the outlet shut-off part to hold the outlet shut-off part in the seat during a period of pump operation, ie , during that T _e ils pump operation, 'in d em the piston moves away from the shut-off part. This white prevents liquid

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during the return stroke from the container into the channel flows. The individual parts are dimensioned so that the pressure difference also at least in part the shut-off member during a substantial portion of the forward stroke of the pump operation out of the seat as the piston moves towards the pump chamber. Therefore, during of the forward stroke fluid can flow through the valve into the storage container.

The outlet valve and the fluid control system according to the present invention will become more clearly apparent from the following more detailed description of an embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings emerge in which

Figures 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of the undoes pump Exhaust valves according to the present invention are, wherein Figure 1 the pump during the downward stroke and Figux 2 the Pump shows during the upstroke.

As shown in the drawing, the pump 10 has an inlet valve 11 for the inlet of liquid into the pump. The term "liquid ¹¹ is used here as a generic term which includes liquids in the strict sense and gases, and the pump according to the present invention is applicable to liquids in the strict sense as well as gases. The liquid can be compressible. A piston 12 moves back and forth in a normal operating cycle. It is driven by a piston (not shown)

009843/0758

Motor driven and presses fluids through the cylinder or the cylindrical channel, which forms a P _u mpeiikammer I3, which is bounded by a wall 13a. When the piston 12 abuts the left end of the pump chamber 13, the piston is at its lower

12th
Dead center; when the piston / is at the right end of the

Chamber 13 is located, it is at its top dead center. A M

Outlet valve 14 serves to keep the outlet of liquid out the pump chamber 13 through an outlet port 15 into a control outlet container not shown.

The outlet valve 14 includes a chamber 16 with a first seat 17 at one end which serves to provide an outlet portion such as receiving a ball 18 "Although spherical in the preferred embodiment shown Outlet part (ball 18) is used, this shape is for the outlet part is not absolutely necessary. A conical, cubic

or otherwise formed part which is able to sit tightly in the first seat 17 in order to shut off the flow of liquid through the opening 19, fulfills the same purpose as the ball IS. Accordingly, the term "outlet shut-off member ¹ is used to define all geometrical shapes of such parts. In the present description the term" ball "is used for the outlet shut-off member 18 for the sake of simplicity.

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The ball 18 is movably arranged in the chamber 16. The ball 18 and the seat 17 (the one at one end of the pump chamber 13 or similarly arranged at one end of the chamber 16) are dimensioned so that when the Ball 18 in the seat 17, as shown in Figure 1, the entire liquid flow through the outlet valve 14 £ is locked. The outlet valve 14 has a second Seat 21 at the opposite end of the chamber 16. Of the second seat 21 and the ball 18 are dimensioned so that, if If the ball is in the second seat 21, the liquid flow into a first opening 22 from the pump chamber 13 can take place around the ball 18 while the flow of liquid through a second opening 23 from the pump chamber 13 is blocked by the ball 18.

The first opening 22 and the second opening 23 extend from the chamber 20 through an outlet opening 15 into the

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Collection container and are thus in connection with the Collection tank and the pump chamber 13. These first and second openings are dimensioned in relation to each other in such a way that that the pressure difference between the piston or pump chamber side and the collecting container side of the ball * 18, the ball 18 during the return stroke (downward stroke for a Vertical pump) in the seat 17 holds, as shown in Figure 1, namely when the piston in the pump chamber 13 of the Chamber 16 moved away. This prevents liquid from the sump into the during this return stroke

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Chamber l6 flows. It should be noted that when the ball is 18 is located in the seat 17, no liquid through the opening 19, neither from the first opening 22 nor from the second opening 23 can flow. Furthermore, the pressure difference between the piston side and the collecting container side holds of ball 18 during a substantial portion of the upstroke that piston 12 moves away from the lower Dead center to top dead center in the direction of the Chamber ™ 16 moves the ball 18 out of the first seat 17, like shown in FIG. Therefore, during the forward stroke (upstroke in a vertical pump), liquid can flow through the Valve 14, the first port 22 and the outlet 15 in the not shown collecting container flow.

Preferably, the first opening 22 and the second opening 23 are parallel to the ware 13a of the cylindrical channel 13. In the preferred illustrated embodiment, the first opening 22 is arranged in relation to the ball A 18 so that it is for the passage of liquid from the Chamber 16 is open when the ball is in the second seat 21 during the upstroke, as shown in Figure 2, but blocks the fluid passage during the return stroke when the ball 18 is in the first seat 17, as in Figure 1 shown. One way of achieving this effect is to form the second opening 23 as a cylindrical channel, as shown in FIG. 2, which has a smaller diameter than that

009843/0758

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Ball 18, and is arranged so that it passes through the ball 18 is shut off when the ball 18 is in the second seat. The exact operation of the first opening 22 is achieved in that it is sized to allow the passage of liquid around the ball 18 when the ball is in the second seat 21, as shown in FIG. It should be noted that the first opening

™ 22 extends laterally beyond the surface of the ball 18, whereby liquid can flow around the ball 18 when the ball 18 is in the second seat 21. Be it it should be noted that multiple openings 22 and 23 may be provided, but it is preferred that only one only opening 23 is used and that this opening in the center is arranged or, more precisely, equiaxed runs with the pump axis.

The the novel exhaust valve according to the present

Wk invention using fluid control system comprises a cylindrical hollow piston 12, which is arranged in the cylindrical channel or in the pump chamber 13 so that the piston can move in a normal cycle of back and forth movement to flow liquid from the inlet port 11 through the pump chamber, the Push valve Ik and into the collecting container. The liquid moves, as indicated by the arrows, through the opening 2k into the hollow inner chamber of the piston 12. From the design of the system shown, it can be seen that the liquid flows from the inlet 11 through

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the opening 24 and further into the chamber 20 of the hollow piston 12 can move regardless of the position of the piston in the cylindrical channel.

The piston 12 has an inlet valve 25 which is arranged at the end of the piston opposite the opening 24t is. The inlet valve 25 comprises an inlet ball 26, which is able to move between two positions. During the return stroke shown in FIG. 1, liquid arrives through the inlet valve 25 from the hollow interior chamber 20 of the piston 12 into the pump chamber 13. When the inlet ball 26 is in its second position during the forward stroke shown in Figure 2, in which it is on a seat 27 is applied, the passage of liquid through the inlet valve 25 is prevented. The ball 26 is in the first of these two positions, shown in Figure 1, by the pressure of the liquid in the hollow inner chamber 20 held against the ball 26 during the return stroke of the piston, as shown in Figure 1, when the piston is from moved its top dead center to its bottom dead center. The seat 27 holds the ball 26 on the during the return stroke Piston 12. However, seat 27 does not prevent fluid flow during the return stroke around the ball 26 utterly hollow Part 20 of piston 12 into pump chamber 13.

During the forward stroke of the piston from the lower one The ball 26 becomes dead center by the pressure of the liquid in the pumpajikaüiaier 13 on the seat 27

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held. During this part of the pump operation, Liquid through the combination of piston 12 with inlet ball 26 through port 19, outlet valve 14, the outlet 15 pressed into the container.

It should be noted that the inlet ball 26 need not necessarily be a ball. This part may also have other shapes with which it is able to sit in the seat 27, as described above in connection with the outlet ball 18 has been described.

Referring now to FIGS. 1 and 2 the complete mode of operation of the pump system according to present invention during the return stroke and the forward stroke of the piston explained / During the return stroke, As shown in Figure 1, no liquid flows into the Inlet 11 still flows out of the outlet 15 liquid. After the start of the downward stroke, the ball 26 is on the seat 27 held. The liquid in the pump chamber 13 and in the hollow part 20 of the piston 12 remains essentially unmoved. The face of the piston 12 moves behind you Fluid body through in the direction of the bottom dead center the still liquid. Thus, the liquid flows around the ball 26 into the pump chamber 13. At the end of the return stroke the pump chamber 13 is essentially with liquid filled. During the entire return stroke, the outlet ball 18 is held tightly to the first seat 17, namely by the pressure difference between the second port 23 and of the pump chamber 13. By moving the piston 12 in

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In the direction of the bottom dead center, a slight negative pressure is generated in the pump chamber 13. As a result, the pressure in the chamber 13 is slightly less than the pressure in the second opening 23. The ball 18 is held tightly against the seat 17 as a result of this pressure difference. Therefore, the liquid is prevented from flowing back from the container through the outlet 15 and the first or second openings 22 and 23, respectively, into the pump chamber 13. Similarly, the pressure of the medium flowing around inlet ball 26 holds inlet ball 26 against the seat during the return stroke

While · of the forward stroke, the situation timgekehrt, as controlled in figure 2 shown as soon as the piston 12 (not shown in the drawing) by a conventional piston engine starts χολ its bottom dead center toward the top dead center to move, is the inlet ball 26 is pressed against the seat 27 by the pressure of the liquid in the pump chamber 13. As a result, the hollow part 20 of the piston 21 is sealed. When the piston 12 and the ball 26 move towards top dead center, the pressure in the chamber 29 decreases. This lower pressure, together with other forces, causes liquid to be drawn into the inlet 11 and consequently into the hollow part 20 of the piston 12. Furthermore, the liquid in the pump chamber 15 is displaced by the action of the piston 12 and the ball 26 (which are firmly attached to the seat

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27 sits) through the opening 19 at the end of the pump chamber 13 pressed. The pressure of this liquid pushes the outlet ball 18 away from the first seat 17 and in the second seat 21. When the ball 18 is in the second seat 21, the second opening 23 is closed, so that through the second opening 23 and through the outlet 15 no liquid flows. It should be noted that in the embodiment shown by the second Opening 23 should not flow liquid either during the backward stroke or during the forward stroke. This opening is only intended to produce the necessary pressure on the ball 18 to ensure that the ball 18 is pressed into the seat 17 during the backward stroke. However, when the ball 18 is in the second seat 21, the liquid from the piston is through the first opening 22 (outlet opening) and through outlet 15 in the collectors, container pressed. Thus, during the forward stroke, the contents of the pump chamber through the outlet port 22 and the Outlet 15 is pumped into the container.

After the piston 12 has reached top dead center, he begins his return movement towards the lower Dead center and the entire cycle is repeated.

From the above description it can be seen that the outlet ball 18 is completely due to the pressure difference between the pumping chamber 13 and the second opening 23 is controlled. No springs or other mechanical devices are included necessary at the exact times during the. Puiupzyl: Ins

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move the ball from seat to seat. This will achieved a valve device with a long service life. Furthermore, the pumping system according to the present invention can be used in any orientation with respect to gravity because of the effect of the outlet ball is relatively insensitive to gravity.

The specific training discussed above is only represents a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Many modifications and improvements can be made can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention, as described in the following Claims is outlined.

Claims (1)

Patent application; Outlet valve for piston pumps Outlet valve for a pump, which has a piston which, in a normal back and forth movement, pushes a liquid or gaseous medium through a cylindrical channel which partially forms a pump chamber, the valve serving to control the outflow of the medium from the pump chamber into to control a collecting container, characterized by a seat (17) at one end of the pump chamber (13) which can accommodate an outlet shut-off part (18), an outlet shut-off part (18) which is movably arranged between the pump chamber (15) and the collecting container, the seat (17) and the shut-off part (18) being dimensioned such that the flow of the liquid or gaseous medium through the outlet valve (14) is essentially shut off when the shut-off part (18) is seated in the seat (1?) ₉ and at least one key and -ein “second opening ( 22- or., 2j) _s ala the chamber (13) 0?! % η ■ ·, j / ο 7 S ■! - - --.--:! Jif.l- -t-. i- >> T - «Η; * ί i.:i,r Nf! -./..;■--W L-; :.,; ! ι ₅ ηκ. ■ '' .her.
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■ .Ii. 16. <j ?. ' SAD ORIGINAL connect to the container and are dimensioned in relation to each other so that they allow the pressure difference between the Eolbenseite and the container side of the shut-off part (18), the shut-off part (18) during the downward stroke of the piston (12), in which the piston is from the Shut-off part moved away to hold in the seat (.17), whereby it is prevented that the gaseous or liquid medium flows from the container into the channel (13), and that they allow the pressure difference m , the shut-off part (18) during a substantial part of the upstroke, during which the piston moves in the direction of the shut-off part (18), out of the seat (17), whereby the liquid or gaseous medium can flow through the valve (14) into the container. 2. Exhaust valve according to claim 1, characterized in that that the shut-off part (18) is a spherical part. 3. Exhaust valve according to claim 1, characterized in that that opposite the first seat (l?) a second seat (21) is provided which is able to receive the Auslaßabsperrteil ^ (18), the second 'seat (21) and the shut-off part (18) are dimensioned so that when the shut-off part is seated in the second seat (21), the flow of liquid into the first Opening (22) from the pump chamber (13) can take place, while the liquid flow through the second opening (23) from the Puapenkammer (13) at least, partially through the outlet shut-off part is locked. 009843/076 k. Outlet valve according to Claim 1, characterized in that the first and the second opening (22 and 23) run parallel to the channel (13). 5. Exhaust valve according to claim 3> characterized in that that the first opening (22) opposite the Auslaßabsperrteil (18) is arranged so that it is for the passage of gaseous or liquid medium is open when the outlet shut-off part (18) is in the second seat (21), and for the passage of the gaseous or liquid medium is closed when the outlet shut-off part (18) is in the first seat (17). 6. outlet valve according to claim 4, characterized in that that the outlet shut-off part (18) is a ball, that the second opening (23) is a cylindrical passage with a diameter which is smaller than the diameter of the ball, and that the second opening is sized and arranged so that it is closed by the ball (18) when the ball (18) is in the second seat (21). 7. Outlet valve according to claim 6, characterized in that the first opening (22) is dimensioned so that it allows the passage of the gaseous or liquid medium around the ball (18) when the ball is in the second seat (.21 ) is located. 009843/0758 8. Control system for liquid or gaseous media, characterized by a cylindrical channel and a pump chamber (i3) forming device, a reciprocating cylindrical hollow piston (12) in the channel, which is able to convey a liquid or gaseous medium through the pump chamber (13) to push an inlet opening into the cylindrical channel at one end thereof, which is arranged so as to permit the passage of liquid or gaseous medium into one end of the hollow piston regardless of the position of the piston in the channel, an inlet valve (25) in the piston (.12) at the opposite end of the piston having an inlet ball (26) which is movably arranged in the inlet valve (25) and can move between two positions so that when the inlet ball (26) is in the first position, the gaseous or liquid medium passes through the inlet valve (25) from the piston (12) into the pump chamber (13), and if the inlet ball is in the second position, the passage of gaseous or liquid medium through the inlet valve (25) is prevented, and the ball (26) during the forward stroke of the piston (12) by the pressure of the gaseous or liquid medium in the first position is held, an outlet valve (Ik) in the pump chamber (13) »which is so arranged and dimensioned that it controls the outflow of the gaseous or liquid medium into a container, and a pump chamber (13) with one formed at one end Seat (17) which serves to receive an outlet shut-off part (18) and an outlet shut-off part (18) which is in the 009843/0758 -ar Chamber (13) is movably arranged, wherein the seat (17) and the shut-off part (18) are dimensioned so that when the shut-off part (18) is seated in the seat (17), the flow of the liquid or gaseous medium is shut off through the outlet valve substantially, and a first and a second opening (22 or 23), which the chamber (13) with the Connect the container and are dimensioned in relation to each other so that the pressure difference on the piston side and the Container side of the shut-off part (18) the shut-off part during the downward stroke of the piston, in which the piston is in the Channel moved away from the chamber (13), holding in the seat (17), whereby the flow of gaseous or liquid medium from the container in the channel is prevented, and that the pressure difference during a substantial portion of the upstroke as the piston moves toward the chamber (13) moves the shut-off part from the seat (17), whereby the gaseous or liquid medium through the valve can flow into the container. 9. Control system for gaseous or liquid media according to Claim 8, characterized in that the outlet shut-off part (18) is a sphere. 10. Control system for gaseous or liquid media according to claim 9, characterized in that the inlet valve (25) has a seat (27), and that the seat (27) and the ball (26) are dimensioned and arranged so that the flow of gaseous or liquid medium through the inlet valve (25) is shut off when the ball (26) in the Seat (27) is seated. 009843/0768 11. Control system for gaseous or liquid media according to claim 10, characterized in that during the Downstroke of the piston (12) the inlet ball (26) is loosely held on the piston (12) so that during the downstroke the gaseous or liquid medium flows around the inlet ball (26) into or out of the piston (12) can. 009843/0758 Empty line