DE1597977A1 - Headlight system for motor vehicles - Google Patents

Description

Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft for electric light bulbs mbH, Munich Scheinwerfersysten door motor vehicles

The invention relates to a headlight system for motor vehicles, in particular for halogen bulbs, with two sets of headlights at least each include two headlights. Each headlight is provided with a parabolic reflector and contains one or two light bodies With such headlight systems, several different types of light can be switched on by combining certain lighting elements.

From Belgian patent specification 603 023, French patent specification 1 297 086 and German utility model 1 854 410 it is already known to equip such headlight systems with halogen incandescent lamps. In this system, each of the two sets of headlights has a round opening, which corresponds to the usual headlights with a diameter of 180 mm, three small headlights with a round opening, each equipped with an .iodine lamp containing a lamp. A pair of headlights emit a symmetrical basic light with a horizontal He11-dark border that is switched on for all types of light. For the main beam in addition to the above -jdlicht a "wide pair of headlights is available. The low beam is formed by the basic light and the third pair of headlights and has an asymmetrical illuminance distribution with a level under normal conditions

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light finger pointing towards the right edge of the lane. at In this system, the light is not sufficient due to the very small diameter of the individual headlights.

The object of the invention is to avoid this disadvantage and. to create a headlight system that accommodates the diversity of the encounter situations occurring during nighttime driving and in particular the advantage of higher luminance that Have halogen bulbs compared to conventional car headlight bulbs, fully exploited

In a headlight system for motor vehicles, in particular for halogen bulbs, with two sets of headlights, at least two each with a parabolic reflector, each comprise one or two lights containing headlights, with several different types of light determined by combination Luminous bodies can be switched on, the invention consists in that, in addition to high beam, three different types of low beam for city traffic, country roads and motorways can be generated by combining

1.) a basic light that is always switched on when driving at night,

2.) an additional light for highway lighting,

3 ·) an additional light for highway lighting and

4.) a main light,

whereby the basic light is at the same time the city traffic low beam, as country road low beam base light and country road additional Iicnt / and Additional highway light and main light and main light serve as high beam.

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* / as motorway low beam basic light, Lnndatraßen additional light

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■■■ VfCSR = ί'ί r, ί ■■! ' ι

With these types of low beam, which can be operated optionally or in combination can better take into account the variety of encounter situations All are worn with only one low beam. The technical requirements for creating such a system are through given the halogen car lamp. So far, this new lamp has only tried to «improve the conventional system, whereby the advantages which the Halogenlaape offers «cannot be fully exploited can. With the invention, however, is a new lighting system created with the new halogen car lamps.

There is a headlight with a luminous element for the basic light available, a luminaire for the additional highway light in the right-hand headlight beats in the direction of travel when driving on the right, for the Autobahn-Zusatslieht a lamp in the left headlight seat and another pair of lights for the high beam.

Each of the two light bodies for the basic light and the light body for the landing road additional light there is one approximately in the axis of the appropriate headlight, the reflector focal point and the headlight opening at a distance of about 1.5 ■ » helix arranged from the focal plane. Each basic filament of light is covered at the bottom by a cap that b.ls EU the horizontal plane that goes through the headlight axis is sufficient. The cover cap del? Coil for additional landing light is enough the right side in the direction of travel up to the mentioned horizontal plane and ends on the left side about 10 below this plane.

The luminaire for the additional motorway light is one in the headlight axis located helix that penetrates the focal plane and extends in the direction of the reflector vertex to about 1.5 mm behind the Focal plane extends. The edges of the cap of the motorway dipped beam coil end on the left at least about 15 ° below the horizontal plane. The cover cap can encompass 180 °.

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Details of the invention are given in some exemplary embodiments and the drawings. The terms right and left always refer to the direction of travel.

Figure la and Ib show the left and right headlight sets an embodiment of the invention.

Figures 2a and 2b show the left and right headlight sets of a second embodiment.

Figures 2c and 2d are vertical sections through the headlights

for main and country road additional light or for main and motorway additional light of the second Embodiment.

Figures 3a and 3b show the left and right headlight sets a third,

Figure 4a and 4b the headlight sets of a fourth and

Figure 5a and 5b the headlight sets of a fifth embodiment.

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BATH

Figures 6 to 12 show illuminance distributions in the first version of the telephone "at a distance of 25 m for a headlight for the basic light, the Ljfandstrasse additional light, the additional motorway light and the main light as well as for the country road low beam, the motorway low beam and the high beam, which arise when the vehicle is on a horizontal surface and the headlights are correctly adjusted. The horizontal plane marked "it H corresponds approximately to the horizontal plane through the center points of the openings of the headlight sets, and the vertical plane marked" it Y corresponds approximately to the vertical plane through the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.

FIG. 13 shows a manual switch for the headlight system.

In Figure 1, the rectangular openings of the headlight sets 280 χ 130 BM. The ones included in the two sets of headlights Headlights 1 to 4, of which 1 and 4 are available in pairs and 2 and 3 individually, have rectangular openings.

The headlights 1 for basic light occupy the upper and headlight matzo outer frame. Below that are in the right one Headlight set of headlights 2 for additional rural road light, ! ■ Left of headlights 3 for additional motorway light. The headlights 4 for the main light are located on the inside of the headlight. The large sides of the openings are by the headlights 1 to 3 'Ur basic light and additional light arranged horizontally, in the case of headlights 4 for main light, however, perpendicular. One goes Assumes that for attaching brackets between basic light headlights 1 and additional light headlights 2 or 3 ″ in 10 mm wider

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If there is enough space, an opening of 165 mm χ 65 mm is available for the basic light headlights 1 and for the additional light headlights 2, 3 an opening of 165 mm 55 mm. For the main light headlights 4 a field of 13Ο mm., X 95 mm remains. Within the boundaries slid the reflectors rotationally symmetrical. The contours are parabolic or approximately parabolic.

All six headlights can be operated uniformly with halogen bulbs of the same type. If you choose a hurried 55 W lamp ^ for example, 110 V are required to operate city lights and dipped headlights for country roads I65 V, from motorway dipped beam 220 V and from high beam 220 V to spend. These performance data are nominal values, regardless of that when operated on a motor vehicle, higher power consumption is generally to be expected. The cover caps are conveniently located outside the lamps.

In the headlight 1 for basic light, the filament lies approximately in the headlight axis between the focal point and the opening. The distance of the beginning of the spiral facing the vertex from the focal plane of the headlamp is approx. 1.5 mm. The lower cap 5 extends on both sides to the horizontal plane H, thus enclosing I80. Above the helix, a cap can be used to reduce the pressure of stray light through the beams directed to the upper end level of the headlamp or a Auxiliary mirror for apron lighting.

The illuminance distribution of the basic light is shown in FIG. 6 with the Isolux curves at a distance of 25 m.

The basic light is similar to the well-known symmetrical low beam, but has a stronger increase in illuminance at and immediately below the cut-off line and a greater one Side scatter. The line runs on a measuring screen 10 m away

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Light-dark border 10 approx below the horizontal section through the center H *.

The cover plate of a spotlight for basic light contains for those without a cover plate at a distance of 75 to 25 Rays hitting the ground laterally deflecting prisms or laterally Scattering corrugations aim to modify the distribution from left to right in this area in a suitable way * The rays that hit the ground at a shorter distance without a cover plate also penetrate the distribution from the left elements that control the right, elements that control the rays deflect it up or down. For distances below 25 ■ the distribution of a headlamp for basic light is therefore not possible only corrected laterally, but also in height.

The Vendel is in the same place in headlight 2 for additional country light as in headlight 1 for basic light. The lower one Cover cap 7 extends on the right side up to the horizontal plane H, on the left side up to 10 ° below, thus enclosing 170 °. Above the Vendel there is a cap 8 to reduce Storlicht. The over the right edge of the bottom cap Reaching rays generate the horizontal bar, visible in FIG. 7, of the additional highway light, the straight ahead and something is directed downwards. The width of the bar results from the largest dimension of the Vendelbilder. The one over the left Rays reaching the edge of the cap 7 generate the light finger which, under normal conditions, is directed to the right edge of the road is. At and immediately below the He11 dark boundary is a strong one Recognize increase in illuminance. On a measuring screen 10 m away can be seen on the left and 10 cm below the horizontal section through H * the horizontal part of the He11 dark boundary. The knee parts the He11 dark limit is 10 cm below H *.

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Interspersed in the headlight 3 (FIG. 1 a) for additional motorway light the filament located approximately in the axis of the headlight represents the focal plane. The beginning of the Vendel lies between the focal plane and the vertex approx. 1.5 mm from the focal plane. The lower cap 9 encloses 180. The edges of the lower cap 9 are in one rotated out by +15 in relation to the horizontal plane H. Plane E through the headlight axis. Above the filament there is a cover cap IO to reduce interfering light. Like Fig. 8 shows, the additional light for motorway lighting creates a light bar rising to the right with a light spot in the closer Surroundings of H *. Form the outer parts of the He11 dark boundary one going through H * and increasing to the right by +15 Just. The distribution below this straight line is approximately symmetrical to a plane through H * and perpendicular to the straight line. The light spot in the vicinity of H * lies within a circle with an angular distance of 1.5 ° from H *. The cover disc has on the left prisms, which are located above the straight line and lightening towards the side of the oncoming traffic distracts a little in the direction of H *. In addition, the cover disc contains Elements for scattering or deflection parallel to the plane through the cap edges.

In the headlight 4 for the main light, the helix lies in the horizontal plane H, at right angles to the headlight axis, that is, arranged tranaveraal. The center of the helix and the focal point coincide. The cover disc contains corrugations in a conventional arrangement.

As Figure 9 shows, the basic light is similar to the high beam of the used, borrowed European headlights aayateaa, but it is beaitst with sufficient Side and vertical spreading a · even greater · range. The center of symmetry of the main light is in H *.

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The country road low beam consists of basic light and additional light for country road lighting. Figure 10 shows the illuminance distribution.

The highway dipped beam consists of basic light, additional light for country road lighting and additional light for highway lighting together. FIG. 11 shows the illuminance distribution. With strict limitation of the illuminance on the eye of an oncoming driver on the highway under normal conditions, it provides a considerable increase in illuminance immediately below the horizontal plane H.

The high beam is made up of basic light and main light. FIG. 12 shows the illuminance distribution «The high beam has the range, side and height scatter of the main light.

The basic light enables the transition from a low beam to high beam and vice versa without a major change in the adaptation luminance.

Contains in the embodiment shown in Figure 2a and 2b Each set of headlights has two headlights with a round opening, each 165 mm in diameter. The outer headlight 11 delivers in each case there * basic light, the inner headlight 12 in the right Seheinwerfersatζ main light and country road additional light, the inner one Headlight 13 in the left headlight set main light and additional motorway light The outer headlights 11 are each with a halogen lamp containing a lamp, the inner headlights and 13 equipped with halogen bulbs each containing two luminous elements. The halogen incandescent lamps with two light bodies can be from be of the same type and contain expediently on the one facing away from the base feit · «in · axial helix for the additional light and on the

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Base facing side a transverse helix for the main light. In order to take full advantage of the main light, it is recommended that the distance between the two filaments not be less than 6 now Select. With an axial helix, which is also possible per se, instead of the transverse helix for the main light, this one would be unnecessary have large vertical dispersion. The headlights 11 bis 13 contain fully formed, rotationally symmetrical mirrors with a parabolic or approximately parabolic contour.

In the headlight 11 for basic light there are filaments and a lower cover cap 5 the same position as in Figure la and lb in the headlight 1 of the first embodiment. They also perform the same functions. An upper cover cap is unnecessary or can be smaller than the cap 6 in Figure la and Ib. The smaller cap would Reduce light hitting the ground at a short distance.

In the headlight 12 in FIG. 2b for the main light and additional highway light, the components for the additional light are identical to those of the first embodiment in FIG. 1b. The areas Ik of the reflector and cover plate, which are delimited by dashed lines, are provided for the additional highway light, that is to say the front, axial helix, and the space not used by the additional light is available for the main light, that is to say the transverse helix. As shown in FIG. 2c, the main filament 15 lies in the horizontal plane between the focal point 16 and the apex of the reflector. The main light filament 15 is arranged at right angles to the headlamp axis, and its distance from the focal plane is approximately 4.5 mm.

In headlight 13 for main light and additional motorway light, as Figure 2a shows, the Zueatzucht occupy a larger space

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than in Figure la in the first embodiment. The one on reflector and cover disk reserved areas 17 for the additional light are larger, the lower cover cap 9 is just as large, and the top cap 18 is slightly smaller than the cap 10 in Figure la. Name additional light filament and lower cover cap 9 the same position as in Figure la. For the main light in the headlight 13, the same applies as for the main light ie headlight 12 (Figure 2b). As FIG. 2d shows, the distance between the main light filament is 19 from the focal point 20 about 7.5 Bm The prisms of the cover disk that virtually move into the focal point 20 are stronger than in FIG. 1 a, the first embodiment.

Compared to embodiment 1, embodiment 2 enables a basic light with somewhat better apron lighting, a more far-reaching additional motorway light and a more far-reaching main light. Form 2 would be recommended for very fast vehicles. With approx. 345 mm l65 mm 570 cm ² compared to 280 mm 130 mm - 360 m ² , embodiment 2 requires considerably larger openings than embodiment 1.

In the third exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 3a and 3b the three headlights of each headlight set are arranged one below the other and each equipped with a halogen bulb containing a lamp · The opening of each set of headlights is I65 x 205 mm.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b Each headlight seatz contains two headlights arranged one below the other, of which the upper one with a lamp containing a lamp Halogen light bulb is equipped and provides the basic light. The two lower headlights each contain two lamps containing halogen incandescent lamp, which can be of the same type as in the headlights 12 and 13 in Figure 2a and 2b. The openings each

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Headlight sets are 165 χ 190 now.

The fifth embodiment shown in Figures 5a and 5b requires one lamp each and one two lamps each containing halogen incandescent lamp. It is a variant of the second embodiment shown in Figures 2a and 2b « The openings of each headlight set are smaller at 345 χ 115 mm than the second embodiment. Accordingly, the main light of the fifth embodiment is not as far-reaching as that of the second embodiment but the main light of the first, third and fourth embodiment comparable.

The circuits on the headlight system are expedient by two Hand switch made. Figure 13 shows an embodiment for a manual switch with a push button 24 for switching the lighting system on and off and a switch lever for optional Setting the types of low beam. Switch position 21 means e.g. city lights, switch position 22 means country road! «- low beam and switch position 23 Motorway low beam. The second hand switch can be used to switch from the respectively set type of low beam to high beam or from High beam can be switched to the set low beam. The hand switch shown could be on the dashboard and the other Switch ara to be attached to the vehicle's steering wheel. The second hand switch could also be replaced by a foot switch.

Of course, there are also other versions of the manual switch possible, for example four mutually triggering pushbuttons for off, city light, country lane dipped beam and motorway dipped beam.

Apart from transitions between urban areas, country roads and motorways you will only change the low beam type before and after particularly unfavorable encounter situations. In mountainous terrain and

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on narrow and winding roads, e.g. dipped headlights on country roads to be passed over to city light, at motorway construction sites and when driving slowly in a convoy on motorways from Motorway low beam on country high road low beam.

The introduction of Haiogen car lamps as a source of light for high beam is done less to improve the lighting of the road, which is already guaranteed by the European headlight system High beam rather than for practical reasons. It is appropriate to use the high beam and low beam with the same lnnip type equip. Furthermore, with the same range as with the European system, halogen car lamps allow a smaller opening for the high beam. This advantage is significant because when using separate headlights for high and low beam, the individual headlights are combined into one headlight set will. By restricting the space for the high beam, «this in the case of halogen bulbs in the specified manner without lighting technology It is possible to make losses, the opening for the entire set of headlights is only slightly larger than the opening of one To make headlights under the European system.

The headlight system according to the invention has the advantage of being City traffic and driving to Rönnen on narrow and winding roads with a basic light that hardly dazzles the oncoming traffic. Because of its low glare when driving with basic light, the headlight system according to the invention is suitable for the objections against the use of dipped headlights in city traffic. The dangerous juxtaposition of low beam and parking light would be prevented. On motorways, the headlight system enables accordingly the invention with almost no dazzling of oncoming traffic high speeds. The basic light, which is constantly in operation, creates the inherently hard transition from low beam to high beam and vice versa, greatly mitigated. In the case of fog, the basic light produces less disturbing light in comparison to known types of low beam.

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clearings above the horizontal plane. These are also advantages of the headlight system according to the invention.

Vie numerous tests show that headlights with halogen car lamps allow a low beam, which in comparison to the Low beam of the usual European system with the same low glare illuminance and improved comfort has almost twice as high light intensity for the light finger, which is normally directed towards the right edge of the lane. With headlights with 130 mm diameter, with which the European headlight system only supplies a moderate low beam, these advantages come into their own.

The lane may be illuminated with dipped headlights to the extent that it is ensured that the oncoming traffic is below the specified limits Under normal conditions is hardly dazzled. The area for which the light intensity directed towards the eye of the oncoming driver is limited has to be, depends on the encounter situation under consideration, the achievable driving speed on the remaining one Lighting option. On highways where ^ the lateral The distances between the meeting points and the radii of curvature of the curves are proportionate are large, the area for radiation directions with the lowest possible light intensity can be smaller with the same level of glare be kept than on country roads. The remaining lighting option therefore allows higher driving speeds in the first case too than in the second.

The motorway dipped beam must of course be switched on when driving The right to use motorways and equivalent roads is reserved. On other roads, the dipped headlights on the Autobahn would shut off when they encountered them lead to unreasonable glare. Similar to high beam, it is indicated by a warning lamp.

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Claims (12)

ν »I O I I patent claims 1. Headlight system for motor vehicles, especially for Halogen bulbs, with two sets of headlights, at least two headlights each provided with a parabolic reflector, each containing one or two illuminants Include several different types of light through Korabination of certain luminous bodies can be switched on, characterized in that, in addition to the high beam, three different ones Low beam types for city traffic, country roads and Autobahn can be generated by combining 1.) a basic light that is always switched on when driving at night, 2.) an additional light for highway lighting, 3.) an additional light for highway lighting and 4.) a main light, where the basic light is at the same time the city traffic low beam, as country road low beam base light and country road additional light, as motorway low beam basic light, country road additional light and motorway additional light and as high beam basic light and Serve main light. 2. Seheinwerfer first «according to claim 1, characterized in that that a headlight with a lamp is available for the basic light, one for the additional light on the country road BATH ORIGINAL 009841/0364 Luminous body in the right-hand headlight set in the direction of travel when driving on the right, for the additional motorway light one luminaire in the left headlight set and another pair of luminaires for the high beam. 3. Headlight system according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that that each of the two illuminants for the basic light as well as the illuminant for the additional highway light one approximately in the axis of the respective headlight between the reflector focal point and the headlight opening at a distance of about 1.5 mm is arranged from the focal plane helix. 4. Headlight system according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that that each basic filament of light is covered by a cap downwards, on both sides up to the horizontal Abene is enough that goes through the headlight axis 5. Headlight system according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that that the cover cap of the luminaire for additional highway lights is on the right-hand side in the direction of travel extends to the horizontal plane passing through the headlight axis and on the left side about 10 below this Level ends. 6 * headlight system according to claim 1 to 5 »characterized by that the filament for the additional motorway light is a filament located in the headlight axis, which penetrates the focal plane and extends in the direction of the reflector see it el to about 1.5 ram behind the focal plane . 7. Headlight system according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the left edge of the cover cap of the filament for Additional motorway light at least about 15 ° below the horizontal plane ends. / 009841 / 036A 8. Headlight system according to claim 1 to 7 »marked with an additional cover cap each over the coils for country road and motorway additional light and the basic light coils to reduce stray light. 9. headlight system «according to claim 1 to 7» with an additional cover cap each over the coils for additional highway and motorway additional light to reduce of stray light and an auxiliary mirror above each of the basic light coils for apron lighting. 10. Headlight system according to claim 1 to 9 $, characterized in that each of the two sets of headlights contains three headlights in a rectangular opening, which are each equipped with a halogen lamp containing a lamp and have rectangular openings, the reflectors within the boundaries given by the headlight openings ro
Bolic contour are. give boundaries rotationally symmetrical with approximately para- 11. Headlight system according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that that each of the two sets of headlights contains two headlights with round openings in a rectangular opening, from one with a halogen incandescent lamp containing one luminous element and the other with one containing two luminous elements Halogen incandescent lamp, whereby the two halogen incandescent lamps » generate the basic light with one lamp each. 12. Headlight system according to claim 1 to 11, characterized in that that the illuminance distribution of the basic light is symmetrical ist öttd has a horizontal cut-off line. 008841/0364 13 * headlight system according to claim 1 to 12, characterized in that that the illuminance distribution of the country road additional light one under normal conditions on the right-hand edge of the lane and a horizontal light bar pointing straight ahead and a little downwards with a strong increase in illuminance at and immediately below the cut-off line and that the The kink is located between the horizontal and the rising part of the He11 dark boundary in the vertical plane, which contains the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. t4. Headlight system according to Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that that the illuminance distribution of the additional motorway light is a light bar rising to the right concentrated light beam near the vertical plane and the horizontal plane passing through the headlamp axis and has a light-dark boundary that is outside of the concentrated Light bundle forms a level increasing by / 15 to the right, and that the illuminance is below the He11-dark boundary plane is distributed symmetrically to a plane that runs at right angles to the light-dark boundary plane and the line of intersection the vertical and horizontal planes. * / at least about 009841/0364 Blank page