DE1556351A1 - Telescopic boom for cranes - Google Patents

Description

"Telescopic boom fit cranes"

The invention relates to cranes with telescopic booms, which consist of several straight pipe sections that can be pushed into one another with decreasing diameters, with the outer piece of pipe one around a horizontal axis is pivotable and carried by the crane chassis shaft, while the inner pipe section is at its outer end carries a guide pulley on which the Xast rope and the load hook attached to it are supported, and the and extending at least the inner tube piece of the Telescopic boom is guaranteed by an endless flexible traction means (rope or chain) that is attached to a Is firmly connected to the inner pipe section and which runs over two pulleys, which are located at both ends of the middle pipe section, while it is with

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another spot feat with the outer piece of pipe connected is.

The object of the invention is to create a crane in which the inner pipe section of the telescopic boom, which is least resistant to bending, is no longer exposed to bending loads, because the telescopic boom is not extended to its full length.

In order to achieve this, in one embodiment the Invention of the endless rope or chain that serves to drive the inner pipe section, optionally with the outer pipe section or the middle pipe section can be dismantled tied together"

In this particular embodiment is independent the inner pipe section frictionally with the middle pipe section from the driving conditions of the other boom sections connected when the rope in question is attached to the central pipe section of the boom.

This result is interesting if you want to use the crane with a medium reach, because the inner Rohrstüok of the boom is then not exposed to any stress, since it is with its entire length on the middle pipe section is located. It also enlarges the

Strength of this middle pipe section. This principle is by the way also with "any number of telescopic tube-pieces applicable.

"You connect the rope in question to the outer piece of pipe of the boom, then the three boom parts move relative to each other, and you can at accordingly lower load use the entire reach of the crane boom.

Another object of the invention is to provide a crane of the type mentioned, in which the extension of the middle pipe section relative to the outer pipe section with With the help of a rope of minimal length and without reversing pulleys «

For this purpose, according to a further embodiment of the invention, a rope or a chain runs its ends are each fastened to the ends of the middle pipe section via a drive screw fastened to the outer pipe section.

Another object of the invention is to provide a crane of the type mentioned which has safety devices which are suitable., In the event of a breakage of the drive means, a falling back of one of the

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To prevent jib sections due to the weight of the load.

For this purpose, according to a third embodiment of the invention, the flexible drive means is an internal one telescopic pipe section connected to the rear end of the pipe section via a safety lever, wherein the safety lever is movably attached to this pipe section and in the event of a breakage of the drive means under the action of gravity and / or an Eeder with a nooke in one behind the other Teeth or recesses in the pipe section can engage in which the inner pipe section slides.

Another object of the invention is to provide a crane of the type mentioned, in which the on which of the The lifting hook attached to the end of the hanging rope maintains its height while the telescopic boom extends or is retracted.

For this purpose, according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, the load rope between its over the stationary Roll current end and the end opposite this guided over pulleys that the Sum of the changes in length of the individual cable cars between the two cable ends caused by the displacement

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the telescopic pipe section of the boom is caused relative to the outer pipe section or shaft of the boom on the one hand and relative to one another on the other hand f. equals Hull »

Further details of the invention can be found in the following Description based on the drawings. In the drawings shows;

i "ig. 1 a vertical longitudinal section through an entire telescopic crane boom according to the invention?

Fig. 2 one of the embodiments of the above-described Invention;

Jig. 3

and 4 further embodiments of the invention and

fig, 5 the overall view of a crane with an inventive! telescopic boom,

The telescopic crane boom shown in Pig »1 consists of three telescopic tube pieces that can be pushed into one another are, i.e., ι from an inner pipe section 9, a middle pipe section 8 and an outer Rohrstüok or Boom shaft 3, the boom shaft 3 is about an axis 2

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pivotable, which is attached to a chassis 1, and its inclination is adjusted by means of a pressure cylinder 4. The load rope 38, which is provided with a load hook, runs over a loose roller 41 on a shaft 42 The end of the boom is attached in front of the inner pipe section 9.

The drive of the middle sliding in the boom shaft 3 Pipe section 8 consists of a flexible drive means 51 »for example a rope or a chain, which is attached with its respective ends to two paddles 52, 53, which are attached to the two ends of the central pipe section 8 are rigidly attached.

This drive means 51 * for example a chain> runs over a pinion 55, which is on the output shaft 56 of a Electric motor with reduction gear sits * which as a whole bears the reference number 57 and above the boom shaft 3 is located on the front of it. Two tension pulleys 58, 59 hold the chain 51 with the drive pinion 55 in Bingriff.

Through an in the upper tube wall of the boom shaft 3 located recess 62 can the drive means 51 from the external drive reduction 57 in the Run inside the boom shaft, in which it is on the middle pipe section 8 is attached. One end of the

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Driving means is e.g. with the help of the flange 53 attached to the middle piece of pipe and its steering, which may occur during operation, is controlled by a Tension spring 63 balanced,

one leaves the drive motor with reduction gear 57 rotate in one sense or the other, the drive means 51 is forced to move its position relatively sum Boom shaft 3 to change, creating the middle piece of pipe 8 is extended or retracted.

You could also use this drive system Replace a straight rope or chain with any other equivalent system, such as a Rack or teeth lined up one behind the other, or e.g. a hydraulic pressure cylinder.

Also, the drive motor 57 with reduction could otherwise "where be attached to the boom shaft, for example, _o side or bottom.

The drive for moving the inner pipe section 9 relative to the middle pipe section 8 of the boom takes place via an endless rope 21 or a chain, which over two End rollers 22, 23 running, which sit on the axles 24, 25 at the respective ends of the central pipe section 8, wherein

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the one strand of rope between the layman and the middle pipe section runs, while the other cable run between the middle pipe section and the inner pipe section 9 is running. At one point 28, the rope 21 is connected to the inner pipe section 9 of the boom, while it is connected to the outer edge of the boom shaft 3 at another point 27.

If one now moves the middle pipe section 8 inside the boom shaft 3 with the aid of the drive means 51, the inner pipe section 9 is automatically moved at the same speed relative to the middle pipe section 8 and consequently at twice the speed relative to the boom shaft 3.

Under these conditions, when the crane is loaded with a relatively heavy load and not fully extended! Cantilever of the inner pipe section 9 an identical section automatically cantilevered outside the middle Pipe section 8, like the section of the middle pipe section 8, which is cantilevered outside of the boom shaft 5 is located. Accordingly, the inner pipe section 9 is subject to relatively high loads that it in relation to the middle pipe section 8 claim to a greater extent than this, which due to the fact that it is the inner Pipe section 9 surrounds, necessarily a larger cross section

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In order to remedy this problem, one can use this out Guide example provide removable fastenings of the rope 21 on the eyelet 27 of the boom shaft so that you can loosen this IT connection on request and pull the rope 21 can attach to the eyelet 27 A of the middle pipe section 8, the rope 21 then takes the dash-dotted line in the drawing marked location. · ■

In this case, the rope 21 is frictional with the middle piece of pipe 8 connected so that the inner piece of pipe 9 dea, boom, which at 28 on the same rope is attached, in turn, frictionally, with the middle Pipe section 8 is connected. If you now drive the middle one Pipe section 8 in a ^ desired length with the drive means 51 from the boom shaft, then that remains inner pipe section 9 always completely in the middle pipe section 8 »The extendable boom piece then breaks down two pipe sections 8 and 9 together, which are consequently exposed to bending stresses under the best possible conditions become »which is particularly interesting when with the crane lifted heavy loads with a small overhang ' should be.

In Figure 2 is an embodiment of the safety device

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shown, which should prevent the boom sections, in particular the middle pipe section 8, from suddenly " falling back under the load weight into the interior of the boom shaft 3 when the drive means 51 break should.

This safety device consists of a lever 71 which is fastened so that it can be pivoted on the lower edge of the inner end of the central pipe section with the aid of a horizontal axis 92. This lever 71 has a large lever arm 71A which, under the influence of the tensile force of the drive means 51 attached to its outer end, presses against the upper edge of the inner end of the middle pipe section 3; in contrast to the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in which the drive means is fastened directly to the central pipe section 8.

The other lever arm 71B of the lever 71 forms a sock, which can engage in the openings 93, which are in the the lower pipe wall of the boom shaft 3 are attached, in which the middle pipe section 8 slides, and which are arranged one behind the other so that the sticks 71B one after the other passes these openings when the middle pipe section 8 gradually comes out of the boom 3 below the action of the drive means 51 is extended »

If everything is normal, then does the drive means 5 stop?

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the long "lever arm 71A of the pivotable lever 71 placed against the upper edge of the inner tube end of the middle tube piece 8 · However, the drive means breaks 51, the lever 71 rotates under its own weight in the direction of the arrow f around the shaft 92, that the cam. 71B on the inside of the lower pipe wall of the boom shaft 3 strikes and into the first of the openings 93, at which it begins to run past, engages, whereby the dangerous Eallbewegung of the middle pipe section 8 and all attached boom parts including the possible load stopped will ·

Instead of its own weight, it can break in the event of a break of the drive means 51 of the lever 71 is also moved by a suitably mounted each or in its movement get supported.

One could of course use an analog safety device for each of the telescopic pipe sections, wherein the safety system is supported on the pipe section would in which the considered pipe section directly slides.

Furthermore, any number of telescopic pipe lengths to form a boom would be applicable, and so would

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any combination of possible drive means of such telescopic pipe sections.

Ton the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 3 is inclined only the boom itself, which from consists of the same parts as in the Pig, 1 and 2 ", which are also provided with the same reference numbers? the ■ Boom has a stationary boom shaft 3, as well as a middle pipe piece 8 and an inner pipe piece. 9.

The ends of a pinion from a motor 55 »which is mounted on the cantilever shaft 3, running end λ drive = by means of 51 are directly on a Fln] 3, see 52 and over a Tension spring 63 attached to a plan view 53, the Splash 52 and 53 are attached to the middle pipe section 8.

A claw 91 attached to the stationary cantilever shaft 3 carries a stationary pulley 70 , over which a load rope runs, the various paths of which are provided with the additional symbols 72a, 72b, 72c and 72d, and which, via a stationary deflecting pulley 73, which is fastened to the cantilever shaft 3, a movable deflection roller 74 fastened to the inner end of the middle pipe section 8, as well as over a loose roller 75 fastened to the outer end of the inner pipe section 9 and ends in the load hook 76.

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As in the embodiment according to S ¹ Ig. 1, an endless rope 21 of the telescopic boom 31, 8, 9 runs over two bath rollers 22, 23, which sit on the axles 24, 25, which are each fastened to the outer ends of the middle piece of pipe 8. One strand of the endless rope. 2.1 runs between the boom shaft 3 and this middle pipe section, while the other cable strand runs between the middle pipe section and the inner pipe section 9. The endless cable 21 is connected at one point 28 to the inner pipe section 9, while it can be attached at another point either to the boom shaft 3 at 27 or to the central pipe section 8 at 27a.

As already stated, the middle one moves Pipe section 8 when attaching the endless rope 21 with the point 27 by the same distance relative to the boom shaft 3 due to the drive by the pinion of the motor 55 by which the inner pipe section 9 moves relative to itself. On the other hand, the endless cable 21 will not attached at 27a, then the middle pipe section 8 moves due to the motor-driven pinion 55 together with the inner pipe section 9 relative to the stationary boom shaft 3, the position of the inner pipe section 9 is not changed relative to the middle Rohrstüek 8.

The embodiment shown in Fig. 3 works like

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As already stated, the middle pipe - ₃ ^. Piece 8 can be extended or retracted relative to the stationary boom shaft 3 when the motor-driven pinion 55 is rotated in the corresponding direction. The extension of the middle pipe section 8 has the effect, through the endless cable 21 attached to the inner pipe section 9 at 28, that this inner pipe section is extended in the same way.

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In the known constructions, a change occurred when the telescopic boom sections were extended at the height of the load hook due to the change in the distance of the load hook moved with the boom from the stationary role »

This disadvantage is represented by that shown in Figure 3 Crane boom avoided. While those between the stationary. Roller 70 and the stationary pulley 73 located Cable car 72a remains unchanged during the extension of the pipe sections 8 and 9, the one between the stationary Deflection pulley 73 and the movable deflection pulley 74 mounted on the middle pipe section 8 and located on the cable car 72b shortened and that between the movable deflection roller 74 and the loose roller mounted on the inner pipe section 9 located cable car extended by the same piece by which the cable car 72b is shortened, so that the length of the located between idler pulley 75 and load hook? 6

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Cable car 72d remains unchanged, whereby the: load hook despite the changes in position of the pipe sections 8 and 9 remains the same.

The tacking or lowering of the load is now through the Movement of the stationary roller 70 "causes *

As. "has already been carried out, the rotation of the: iaator-driven pinion 55- when attaching the endless Seils 2T "on the boom 3 at the point 27, da & that inner pipe section 9 relative to the middle pipe section 8 is extended to the same extent as the middle tube piece 8 is extended relative to the boom shaft 3 *.

.. 4, in which only the · course of the load rope is shown shows a further embodiment of the invention at which. the endless rope. (Fig. 3) at 27a on the middle one Pipe section 8- is attached, that. when rotating the motor-driven Pinion. 55 the pipe sections 8 and 9 aua the boom shaft 3 extended v / earth, without their mutual location too change. In this- Pail the system of pulleys 73, 74, 75 the pig. 3 by a load roller 77 fastened in a roller block, which carries the load hook 76, and by a completed the support roller 78 mounted on the inner pipe section, with the end of the load rope at 79 on the stationary Boom shaft 3 is attached.

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This door direction works as follows:

When the motor-driven pinion 55 (FIG. 3) is rotated in the corresponding sense, the pipe sections 8 and 9 are turned off the stationary boom 3 extended without changing their mutual position. The between the stationary Roller 70 and the stationary pulley 73 mounted on the stationary boom shaft 3 72a remains unchanged, that between the stationary deflection roller 73 and that mounted on the central pipe section 8 Movable pulley 74 located cableway 72b is shortened and that between the movable pulley

74 and the loose roller mounted on the inner pipe section 9

75 located cable car 72c remains unchanged, since the position of the pipe sections 8 and 9 relative to one another is not changes. In contrast, between the attachment point 79 located on the boom shaft 3 and the Cableway 72f mounted on the inner pipe section 9 is about the same distance as the cableway 72b decreases, as a result of which the sum of the length of all Prague cable cars remains unchanged, with the result that the length of the cable cars 72d and 72e also remains unchanged, the load hook 76 therefore remains in spite of the change in position Pipe sections 8 and 9 unchanged at the same height.

_e 5 shows an overall view of a crane with a telescopic boom according to the invention. The stationary boom

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can rotate around the horizontal axis 2, which are carried by a small mast 1 on which the Control levers 82 for the various movements are arranged ο

It is important that the load hook 76_ is not directly at the end of the load rope must be attached to allow simultaneous movement of the pipe sections 8 and 9 relative to the boom 3 cause, as shown in Fig. 3, but that you can also use a roller block here. This case is shown in Fig. 5, where the load hook on a Roller block 80 is attached, which contains a (not visible) load sheave over which the load rope 72 runs, the is attached with its end at 81 to the inner pipe section 9.

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Claims (4)

- 18 - A 19 497 H / il Arthur Haulotte, Lyon Patent claims: 1. Three-part 'telescopic boom on cranes with a horizontally swiveling stationary, preferably tubular outer boom shaft, an inner pipe section carrying a loose roller for the load rope on the outer tie, a middle pipe section connected between these and a drive means which is connected between the boom shaft and the middle pipe section '.- / irkt, on which two end pulleys an endless rope runs in such a way that one strand of the rope is between the inner pipe stack and its pipe wall, the other one between the boom and its pipe wall, with r; oi retracted extension. nd dpp Ausle ^ erö f · ". mdln ^ e rope in the vicinity of the inner main pulley" is connected to the inner core, and in the vicinity of the outer central pulley with the Ausle ^ erachaft, characterized in that the endless Cable (21) near the outer end roller (22) can be connected to the boom shaft (5) at (27) or to the central pipe section (8) at (27a). 2, telescopic boom according to claim 1, characterized in that fc, dal-3 are pliable on the middle pipe section (S) between two end flanges (52, 53) 909883 / 084S with one at the outer end of the boom shaft (3) mounted motor-driven pinion (55) in engagement Drive means (51), preferably a chain, is tensioned in parallel. 3. Telescopic boom according to claim 1 or 2, d 'a d u r c h characterized in that the drive means (51) with its inner end on the long lever arm (71A) one around a horizontal axis (92) attached to the lower edge of the central pipe section (8) in the boom plane pivotable lever (71) attached, which one has downward pointing cam (71B), which when the lever (71) is rotated in the direction of rotation (f) in on the underside of the Outrigger shaft (3) located and in the direction of delivery one behind the other openings (93) engages. 4. Telescopic boom according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the load rope (72) of the load hook (76) via a loose roller (75) mounted on the outer end of the inner pipe section (9), from there via one at the inner end of the middle pipe section (8) mounted movable deflection pulley (74), from there via one mounted on the outer end of the boom shaft (3) stationary pulley (73) and from there via one mounted on the inner end of the boom shaft (3) stationary roller (70) runs, with the sum of the cable distances / (72a + 72b + 72c) - 20 -90 988 3/08 46 remains constant. 5 · Telescopic boom according to claim 4 »characterized in that that the load hook (76) is attached to a roller block with the load roller (77) via the the load rope to a support roller (78) mounted on the outer end of the inner pipe section (9) and from there to a fastening point (79) located at the outer end of the boom shaft (3), the sum of the cable sections (72a + 72b + 72c + 72f) remains constant. 909883/0846 L e r s e i t e