DE1551264A1 - Cycle for steam power plants - Google Patents

Description

Godparents tanr.; El dung

"Circular process for steam power plants". (Addition to patent ......... - patent application St- ")

The present invention relates to a cycle for steam power plants with regenerative preheating and provides expedient further developments of the subject

of the main patent (patent registration St

represent.

In the case of the circular process with lying forward, the energy losses given in-process heat exchange represents a measure of the process efficiency. The lower these exergy losses, the higher the process efficiency. Building on this knowledge, it has already been proposed in the main application that the turbine be steam to be removed and with this before entering a or several preheaters giving off the superheating heat or overheating is one that is under higher pressure To evaporate feed water partial stream or several feed water partial streams and in addition the from the feed

cd partial water flow or feed water partial flow

oo

, S ₀ th steam in addition to an economically possible

^ before temperature overheat. With the generation of steam

ο occurs in a so-called secondary cycle through the

cd Desuperheating of the steam withdrawn from the turbine at the V / poor

* "Exchange in the regenerative preheating a reduction

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the exergy losses, thereby increasing the process efficiency is achieved.

Like the energy of the in the so-called secondary cycle while reducing the exergy losses generated steam can be used in an expedient '-' / eise is already in one group of possible use cases, namely the utilization of the secondary bowl in a secondary turbine in the main patent ....... (patent application St

has been explained.

In an expedient further development of the subject matter of the main patent and on the basis of the same object, the invention proposes that in the secondary circuit to supply the secondary steam generated directly to the primary circuit or directly to the primary turbine: 3s result thus two further groups of balanced applications fall, with one or two depending on the given circumstances the other is to be given preference.

The secondary steam generation can be in the two groups of possible applications according to a preferred embodiment of the invention not just in a single secondary steam generator take place, but there are also several secondary steam generators are provided, with the individual Secondary steam generators steam quantities of the same size and state variables having the same size or ur = 'of the same size. Danpfiaengen or different but identical quantities of steam or different and unequal state quantities having Dainpfamins supplied and with food Y / ater part quantities identical or different bridging levels can be brought into a V / area exchange. The circuit the secondary data generator can according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention are made such that a secondary steam with all uniform or different state variables

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is generated, which according to r.n of the respective Place in the primary circuit or in the primary turbine a Sinspeisung can take place. That this is also the case when it is present a S ^ lcundar turbine, as it is already in the Main failure has been described to be the case does not need to be explained in more detail.

So far, the necessary use cases have been used in all groups the recovery of the secondary steam, namely Feeding into a secondary turbine, feeding into the Prinäröanpfleitung or feeding into the Priaärturbine, assumed that in the secondary steam generator a single specific feed water fraction from a single tapping capacity and gets overheated. According to another preferred one Embodiment of the invention can also be in a single secondary damper generator two or more different Feed water partial flows exhibiting pressures are separated from a single tap or from different taps steam quantities are evaporated and superheated, whereby these secondary steam quantities having different state variables for example, can be relaxed in a two- or multi-pressure turbine. It understands It goes without saying that these secondary steam quantities, which have different state variables, are also present at these State variables are fed into the primary circuit or introduced into the primary turbine can be.

However, according to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in addition to a single secondary steam generator carrying several feedwater sub-streams of different pressure stages, several secondary steam generators can be provided, the feed water sub-streams in the first secondary steam generator being preheated or partially preheated or preheated in the first secondary steam generator .

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Partially evaporated or evaporated feed water partial flow or Speieewasserteilströne in one or more secondary steam generator connected downstream of the first secondary steam generator or secondary steam generators by a single tap steam quantity or by different tapping steam volumes on the respective state variables corresponding to the feed point in the secondary turbine, in the primary circuit or is brought into the primary turbine or ge ·? · be brought.

When using secondary steam generators in which secondary steam different state variables is generated simultaneously, according to a further preferred embodiment According to the invention, secondary steam quantities of a common sewer line which have the same state variables fed and fed from there either to a secondary turbine, the primary circuit or the primary turbine will. In this case, too, it goes without saying that the secondary steam is fed into the secondary turbine or primary vacuum line or the primary turbine is fed in at a point where the same state variables are present.

The present invention is based on one embodiment of the group secondary dane feed into the Primary steam line and secondary steam feed into the Prinärturbine explained in more detail.

Fig. 1 is a schematic representation is a circuit diagram from which it can be seen that the Secondary steam generated in a secondary steam generator is fed to the primary circuit.

Fig. 2 is also a schematic representation a circuit diagram, from which it can be seen that the generated in a secondary rdanpfergenerator Secondary steam can be fed to a secondary turbine.

Fig. 3 is a schematic representation of a switch sketch showing that in a "

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Secondary steam generator several feed water partial flows with a single tap volume in a heat exchange can be brought about, the one feedwater partial flow being followed by a further one Secondary steam generator for the purpose of further increasing its heat content through heat exchange nit is supplied with a further amount of bleed steam, while the other part of the feed water is supplied in rVärraeaustausch is brought to state variables that feed the generated Secondary steam directly into a secondary turbine, into the primary circuit or into the primary turbine allow.

As can be seen from Fig. 1, from the high pressure part of the turbine 1 via the lines 2 Anzapfdanpf at the separation pressure via the line 3 and from the downstream part -i via the lines 5, 6, 7 bleed steam for feed water preheating with evaporation and subsequent overheating of a feed water division taken. The bleed steam from the high-pressure part of the turbine 1 flows via line 2 to a secondary steam generator 8 and is heated in this, whereby the feed water taken from the main steam generator at point 9 is evaporated. This generated steam is fed back to the main steam generator at point IO. The steam that is heated in the secondary steam generator 8 is precipitated in the associated preheater 11. The condensate flows back to the feed water tank 14 via the preheater 12 _{# 13.} The removed during the separation pressure extraction steam is fed via line 3 to the associated preheater 12 and gen dejected there sole ·. In this system no secondary steam generator is turned on, since the steam is not high let Overheated the separation pressure in general. "However, intervention would possibly also conceivable . After reheating in the first bleed steam stage of the downstream

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part H of the turbine via the line 5 extracted steam strönt again a Sekundärdanpferzeuger to 15, also Sekundärdanpf is generated from feedwater in which has been taken from the boiler at point. 9 The danpf obtained in this secondary steam generator 15 is fed at 16 into the line flowing into the primary circuit at IO. The generator 15 contained in the secondary danpf.? te steam is condensed in the associated preheater 13. In each of the preheaters 11 and 13, Danpf is precipitated with state variables that are in the vicinity of the Sattdan line for the associated isobars. The overheating of these tapping steam tones generates a higher pressure level, which is then added to the primary circuit. Since the overheating heat of the bleed steam flows is therefore not available for preheating the feed water, the necessary bleed flows must increase for the same amount of feed water to be preheated. The improvement of the process efficiency lies in the fact that, with the same amount of heat dissipated to the outside in the condenser, the material flows on the high and medium pressure side of the process increase and thus more electrical work is generated, ie the efficiency of the process is increased . This improvement in process efficiency can also be expressed in terms of the internal process. Warning exchange with steam generation in the secondary steam generators causes the heat to be supplied from the outside at a higher average temperature level.

In FIG. 2, a steaming force process is shown in which a secondary steam generator generates different state variables in each case, which in turn is fed to a secondary turbine at points corresponding to these state variables. Extraction steam is withdrawn from the high pressure part of the turbine 1 via lines 2 and 3 and from the low pressure part k via lines 5, 6 and 7. The steam tapped from the high pressure stage via line 2 is fed to a secondary steam generator 8 and is heated there. In doing so, it generates secondary steam and is

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heating in the associated preheater 11 is deposited. The bleed steam withdrawn from the high pressure part 1 of the turbine via line 2 at the separation pressure of the process is fed via line 3 to the preheater 12 and precipitated there without a secondary circuit being switched on. The tapping steam removed from the low-pressure part k of the turbine via line 5 flows to a secondary steam generator 17, in which two feedwater partial flows of different pressure levels are evaporated. The feed water removed from the feed pump 19 at 18 flows via the lines 14 and 21 to the systems of the secondary steam generators 8 and 17. The steam generated here goes via the line 22 to the secondary turbine 23. Via the line 21, feed water is fed to the secondary steam generator 1 ″ at a lower pressure, whereby the secondary steam generated in this part of the secondary steam generator is fed to the secondary turbine 23 via the line 24 Secondary turbine 23 expanded steam is added to the steam line leading to the preheater 12 at point 25 and is deposited there. The bleed steam heated in the secondary steam generator 17 is precipitated in the preheater 13 and flows from here as heating condensate to the feed water tank 14.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, in a Steam power process secondary steam generators 26 and 27 are switched on, with the secondary steam generator 26 Feedwater partial flows via the lines 28 and 29, respectively different or the same pressure levels fed and rait on line 30 in bleed steam introduced into the secondary steam generator 26 were brought into exchange. In the secondary steam generator, the heat analyzer can take place in this way

9 0.9 8-2.6 / 0.7 9-4 ■

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go that the initiated via line 28 Feed water part not yet the "for recycling has required state variables, i.e. that this feedwater component has only been prewarmed, partially evaporated or evaporated. In such cases, this feedwater part can flow via a line 31 Secondary danpfergenerator 27 are supplied and nlt there be brought into heat exchange via the line 32 in this bleeding steam, z.E. in this Then stage those required for further use State variables of the secondary steam can be achieved.

The feed water partial flow introduced into the secondary steam generator 26 via the line 29 can be brought directly to the state variables required for further use, e.g. in a secondary turbine, in a primary circuit or in a primary turbine, by means of the amount of tap introduced into it via line 30. In this case, after evaporation and corresponding overheating, the feedwater part flow introduced into the secondary steam generator 26 via the line 29 is no longer passed through a downstream additional secondary steam generator, but instead is sent directly to the appropriate recycling points. In the free circuit of the secondary steam generator 27, a further partial feed water stream can be fed into the secondary steam generator 27 via the line 38 and, depending on the available heat supply, the bleed steam introduced into the secondary steam generator 27 via the line 32 is prewarmed, partially evaporated or evaporated get overheated. The bleed steam introduced into the secondary steam generators 26 and 27 via the lines 30 and 32 is fed to the preheaters 35 via corresponding lines 33 and 3k after the heat exchange and is precipitated there. The condensate precipitated in the evaporator is not shown via a corresponding channel 37

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provided Sänne! containers.

It goes without saying that the one shown in FIG Switching secondary steam generators is not limited to just two secondary steam generators, but it. can also have several secondary steam generators accordingly be switched, the switching is to be carried out in such a way that it is overheated in the final phase Steam is obtained with state variables that correspond to the steam quantities present at the corresponding feed points correspond.

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Claims (1)

- 10 - 3.3.65 Pa 6524 ΚΙ / Β ο Claims I.]) Cycle process for steam power plants with regenerative ^ ■ Preheating, whereby steam is extracted from the turbine and With this before it enters one or more preheaters, releasing the overheating heat or overheating heat a feedwater partial flow under higher pressure is evaporated or several feedwater partial flows be owed and moreover the "from the Spei eewassteilstron or the feedwater sub-streams Steam is additionally superheated to an economically possible temperature, according to patent ........ (Registration St ............), characterized in that the secondary steam generated in a secondary circuit directly is fed to the primary circuit or directly to a primary turbine. 2,) cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that that several secondary danpower generators are provided, wherein Danpfnengen or equal to the individual secondary steam generators of the same size and state variables Required quantities having large and unequal state variables or different, but identical state quantities, or different and unequal state quantities having Danpfnengen supplied and nit feed water subsets of the same or different Pressure stages are brought into a heat exchange. 3.) cycle according to claim 2, characterized in that that in the secondary steam generator with a secondary steam uniform or different state variables is generated, the one corresponding to the state variables Place in the primary circuit or in the primary turbine is fed. 4.) cycle according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that that in a single secondary steam generator .A & QS826 / 0 794 BAD original two or more different pressures Feed water sub-streams separated from a single or be evaporated and superheated by different amounts of bleed steam and these have different state variables secondary steam quantities in a secondary turbine, processed in the primary circuit or in the primary turbine. 5.) cycle according to claims 1 to 3, daduroh characterized in that in one two or more feedwater substreams leading secondary steam generator these feedwater partial flows from a single or from different Steam volumes preheated or partially evaporated or evaporated, and the preheated or partially evaporated or evaporated feed water stream or Feed water partial flows in one or more of these Secondary steam generator downstream secondary steam generator or secondary steam generators by a single amount of bleed steam / according to the respective state variable brought to the feed point in the secondary turbine, in the primary circuit or in the primary turbine will or will be brought. 6.) Cycle process according to claims k and 5, characterized in that when using several secondary steam of different state variables generating evaporator the same state variables having secondary darapf quantities fed to a common collecting line and from there either into a secondary turbine, into the primary circuit or into the primary turbine are introduced . / "or by different amounts of bleed steam 909826/0794 BATH ORIGINAL Le e rs e ite