DE102019129395A1 - Graphical user interface, means of transportation and method for operating a graphical user interface for a means of transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

A graphical user interface (1), a means of transportation (10) and a method for operating a graphical user interface (1) for a means of transportation (10) are proposed. The method comprises the steps of: - determining a first touching input with respect to a first control element (3) shown on a display device (2) with a first force in response to it - triggering a secondary function for the first control element (3), - determining a second touching input with respect to the first control element shown on the display device with a second force which is greater than the first force, and in response to this, triggering a primary function associated with the first control element, with a predefined force threshold (6b ) is adapted in a predefined manner as a function of an operating parameter of the means of locomotion (10) and / or a driving situation of the means of locomotion (10).

Description

State of the art

The present invention relates to a graphical user interface, a means of transportation and a method for operating a graphical user interface for a means of transportation. In particular, the present invention relates to an advantageous application of so-called 3D touch sensors in the means of transportation.

In the prior art, touch screens (in German: "touch-sensitive screens") are already widely used to operate the increasingly numerous functions of a means of transport. In addition, so-called 3D touch technology has been used in the field of electronic user terminals (smartphones, cell phones, portable communication terminals) for a few years, which enables different functions to be triggered depending on the normal forces acting on the touch-sensitive surface of different strengths. In other words, both the position of an input means (for example stylus, finger) on the screen and the achievement of predefined pressure thresholds of the input means are determined via the sensitive input device. If a predefined force threshold is reached, the function associated with this force threshold is triggered. If the predefined force threshold is exceeded, a correspondingly different function is triggered. In this context, it is irrelevant whether the force is determined directly or indirectly, e.g. due to a change in shape of the contact point between the input device and the screen. The hardware of corresponding devices is known to the person skilled in the relevant field, so that a detailed explanation can be dispensed with here.

This technology has not yet been used in means of transport. Forces are only transmitted to the user's finger by actuators on the input surface to simulate mechanical operating elements, provided that a function associated therewith has been selected by the user. An example of such a disclosure is DE 2018 0134 158 as U.S. 9,612,660 .

Conventional touch-sensitive surfaces are limited in terms of input functionality. In vehicles in particular, operation is made more difficult due to vibrations and forces acting on the user, which is why operating elements are designed to be larger than those on a portable user terminal. However, this requires a smaller number of operating elements that can be displayed at the same time. In addition, too many operating elements can appear confusing for the user.

It is an object of the present invention to satisfy the need identified above and to increase the number of functions that can be triggered per operating element in an ergonomic manner.

The object identified above is achieved according to the invention by a method for operating a graphical user interface for a means of locomotion. The graphical user interface can for example be displayed on a screen and / or by means of a pixel matrix and / or by means of a projector. The means of locomotion can be, for example, a car, van, truck, motorcycle, aircraft and / or watercraft. In a first step, a first touching input relating to a first operating element shown on a display device is determined with a first force. The touching input can be determined, for example, by means of a touch-sensitive input device, which is also referred to as a touch pad. The touch pad or digitizer can be arranged superimposed on the display device used. Alternatively, the touching input can also be perceived away from the display device used, which has the advantage that it does not necessarily have to be designed transparently and in particular can be arranged in an ergonomic position in terms of operating technology, which, however, may be considerably away from the usual focus of a driver Means of locomotion is arranged. For example, such an input device can be arranged in the area of a center console and / or an armrest. The size of the first force determines the execution of the following action. In other words, the first force actually exerted by the user falls within a predefined force window which is associated with a specific function. This function can in particular be specifically assigned to the first operating element and is referred to as a “secondary function” in the context of the present disclosure. A secondary function can in particular be assigned to an advanced or configuring function of the first operating element. This can correspond to a mouse-over event or an operation by means of a right-click of an operating element by means of a mouse. Examples of secondary functions are help texts which are displayed in particular in the area of the first control element, context-specific menus which enable different functions to be triggered, especially in list form, etc. must take place, a second touching input relating to the first shown on the display device Control element determined with a second force. In other words, the same operating element is operated with a force which is greater than the first force. Here, the second force falls into a second force window, which in particular does not overlap with the force window into which the first force falls. Nevertheless, the touching input can in particular have the same nature / shape / trajectory as the first touching input. In other words, it is determined that the second force lies in a second predefined force window, for which a further function is provided, which is referred to here as the “primary function”. In other words, exercising the second touching input with the second force triggers a primary function associated with the first operating element, which is different from the secondary function. The primary function can correspond, for example, to a function call by means of the first operating element, for which the first operating element is primarily intended or is used by the user when starting the application. Such a primary function could also be understood as a result of a left-click using a mouse on the first operating element. Such a click is usually also carried out as a double-click with the left mouse button and starts the primary function without further outputting a list of functions associated with the first control element. According to the invention, a first force threshold between the first predefined force and the second predefined force is adapted as a function of an operating parameter of the means of transportation and / or as a function of a driving situation of the means of transportation. The operating parameters and the driving situation of the means of locomotion are to be interpreted broadly in the present case. The operating parameter can relate, for example, to the identification of an operator / user / operator. In particular, characteristics of the driver can lead to the fact that the force threshold between the first and second force should be adapted in comparison to operation by another (in particular weaker or stronger) user. The operating parameters and the driving situation are to be determined in particular automatically and preferably by means of sensors and are therefore available in terms of information technology in the vehicle. For this purpose, information can be read out from a bus system of the means of locomotion. In other words, the need to adjust the force threshold can result from a physical condition or mood or a preference of the user. The adaptation can take place by modifying a predefined reference, which is stored in terms of data in the means of transport. Optionally, a third touching input relating to the first operating element shown on the display device can also be carried out with a third force, the third force being greater than the first force and greater than the second force. In other words, the third force lies in a third force window which is predefined for the first operating element or the entire surface and with which a third function is associated. The third touching input can also be identical or at least similar in its shape or its trajectory or geometry to the first and / or second touching input. The first, second and third touching inputs are, so to speak, the same category and logically differ in particular in terms of the level of the first, second and third force on the surface of the user interface. The function triggered with the third touching input is referred to in the context of the present disclosure as a tertiary function, which differs from the primary and the secondary function. For a force threshold that distinguishes the second and third predefined force from one another, what has been said above about the first force threshold can apply accordingly. The first, second and third touching inputs can all be executed, for example, as touch (short touch or long touch) gestures, as single or double tap gestures (“clicks”) or as swiping gestures. As is known, swiping gestures can be exercised by means of a different number of fingers in order to trigger different functions which are linked to the gesture and in particular also to the operating element addressed by the gesture. The first control element can be designed, for example, as a button, rotary knob, slider, list or list element, without being restricted to the aforementioned configurations. As a result, there is the possibility of associating at least three different functions with one and the same first operating element and thus increasing the variety of functions without increasing the number of displayed operating elements. As a result, the user interface can appear tidier and the large number of hierarchy levels required for a specific function call can be reduced. By adapting the force threshold (s), the user interface can be set up more appropriately for the situation and user acceptance or suitability of the interface for interaction with an existing user can be increased. In this way, the operation of the user interface is simplified and / or its ergonomics are improved. When the user interface according to the invention is used in a means of transport, this sometimes leads to increased traffic safety if the user interface is performed while the means of transport is being guided by the user.

The subclaims show preferred developments of the invention.

The input device can be part of a touch-sensitive screen, which is also referred to as a touchscreen. The Screen can in turn be arranged in a dashboard as a central information screen and / or instrument cluster or in a door module / armrest. A substantially flat, touch-sensitive, force-sensitive surface of the input device can, for example, be arranged vertically or horizontally in the means of locomotion. Essentially vertical arrangements are ideal for the dashboard and the headrest monitors of a rear entertainment system. Essentially horizontal input devices can in particular be in the area of an armrest, in the area of a door module or in the area of a center console of the means of locomotion. In particular, the ergonomics of a means of locomotion according to the invention is improved if the input device is attached to a steering wheel of the means of locomotion. Here, care can be taken to ensure that the user can operate the input device essentially without grasping the steering wheel rim with his thumb. This sometimes enables “blind operation”, while the screen is designed, for example, as a head-up display or the like or as a touchscreen arranged below the input device or behind the input device. In this way, the operator ergonomics can be further improved and the operational safety can be increased while the driving task is performed.

In particular, the predefined force ranges or force windows that are differentiated from one another by the first and second force threshold do not overlap, so that there is a clear assignment between a force exerted by the user and a function to be triggered by the touching input (primary-secondary or tertial function).

The first and second input can each include a “drag” gesture, for example. Such gestures are also referred to as “drag gestures” in the field of graphical user interfaces. Here, a swiping gesture carried out in contact with the touch-sensitive input device leads to a result which moves an element or modifies a selection area in terms of size and / or location. In other words, the first control element is first addressed by the drag gesture and then the second control element is addressed by the same drag gesture. The primary function, if the pulling gesture was performed with the first force, or the secondary function, if the pulling gesture was performed with the second force, can be triggered for the control element assigned to a current position of the input. For example, if the primary function is a classic function call that is associated with the control element, the function that is assigned to the first control element is triggered first and then, when the second control element is reached, its primary function is also triggered. If the secondary function includes, for example, the display of a link associated with the respective control element or some other information relating to the respective control element, the information or link relating to the first control element is displayed first and, at least when the second control element is reached, the information or information assigned to this control element is displayed Link displayed. This does not preclude the information or link relating to the first control element from being displayed continuously. Alternatively, the information relating to the first control element can automatically disappear as soon as the drag gesture has reached the second control element. Alternatively, this secondary function (information or link) can be displayed for a predefined period of time after exiting the operating element by means of the drag gesture and automatically hidden after the period has elapsed. By differentiating essentially identical gestures by means of the force thresholds according to the invention, user operating interfaces with a large number of functions assigned to the operating elements are possible, which in principle may be known from the prior art, but have not yet been made available in combination with one another in user operating concepts and graphical user interfaces for means of transport provided the user interface is based on touch operation.

The operating parameter, depending on which the force threshold between the first and the second force is defined, can include, for example, the speed of the means of transport and / or the acceleration of the means of transport and / or a change in acceleration of the means of transport. The aforementioned parameters of the locomotion of the means of locomotion can provide information about the tension of the user, especially when the means of locomotion is guided manually. Since the tension of the user usually correlates with the force that the user also exerts when operating a user interface, the force threshold between the first and the second force can be increased with increasing speed, acceleration and / or increasing change in acceleration to anticipate unconsciously increased first, second or further force which are predefined for triggering certain functions of the user interface. Physical categories of the respective user can also lead to adapting the force threshold in a manner according to the invention. For example, a weaker-looking person can be detected by sensors and placed at a lower level Force thresholds are associated. Correspondingly, the detection of stronger or more aggressive users can automatically increase the force threshold (s). In this way, the much-cited “gross motorist” receives a user interface that is adapted to his interaction needs. The properties of the users can be determined in particular by means of sensors and preferably using information / data records obtained via the Internet and / or using artificial intelligence or machine learning algorithms. In particular, image signals recorded by sensors can be examined to determine whether they contain user characteristics suitable for user classification.

For example, mass, gender, etc. can be determined from the image signals and used to classify the user. Haptic interactions received at other user interfaces in the means of locomotion can also be used by the user to adapt force thresholds according to the invention. Such user interfaces can be, for example, touch-sensitive surfaces (in particular touch pads / touch screens), switches, levers, etc. In addition, movement patterns and / or a voice analysis can provide information about the physical condition, state of excitement, etc. of the user. The driving situation can be defined, for example, as a function of a road condition and / or a traffic situation. The road condition can be characterized by the width of a currently traveled lane, an unevenness of the currently traveled lane and / or a wealth of curves on the route. The more uneven or narrower or more curvy the road section, the more tense the user will be and the higher the force threshold or the force thresholds should be defined. The traffic situation (traffic situation), traffic density, travel speed, etc., can also be determined by sensors and / or via the internet and used to adapt the force thresholds. The denser the traffic, the faster the flow speed and / or the higher the risk of collision, the higher the force thresholds should be defined in order to better correspond to the increasing tension of the user.

In order to better support the user in operating the user interface according to the invention, feedback can be output to the user when the first or second force threshold is exceeded. This can be done optically and / or acoustically and / or haptically, for example. In particular, haptic feedback is to be preferred because it is very discreet and cannot be perceived by other occupants. A shock and / or a short vibration are particularly suitable as haptic output. An optical output can be used, for example, to color-code the force window in which the force currently being exerted by the user is located. Acoustic feedback can in particular be a click and / or crack noise without any tonal components. However, tonal components can also be included. An output is preferably selected for the first predefined force threshold which differs from the second predefined force threshold. In this way, the user always knows which force threshold he has just taken and which function is to be expected in response to his touching input.

The primary function can effect a shift in the form of a drag gesture of the operating element addressed by the input. Alternatively or additionally, activation of a function of the means of locomotion can be predefined as a primary function. The same applies to the tertiary function.

The first or second control element can be an icon representing a button and / or an application and alternatively or additionally a file symbol (e.g. representing a text file, a message, an audio and / or video file) and alternatively or additionally represent a route displayed on a screen (e.g. on a digital map of a navigation function). In principle, all GUI elements to which a function can be assigned can also be addressed / operated according to the invention by the first, second and third touching input. There are different functions, especially for lists and their individual entries, which are briefly outlined below. While swiping gestures starting on a list element in the prior art often have a shift (scrolling) of the list as a primary function, in the manner according to the invention, depending on the force, a shift of a list element to another position and additionally a selection by swiping over several list elements can be defined in parallel to to allow the greatest possible flexibility for manipulating the list.

If the pressure of the input means on the touch-sensitive input device increases in the manner according to the invention and thereby passes through several force windows, the functions associated with the force windows passed through are not necessarily all triggered. Rather, depending on the gesture, only one function can be performed if this makes sense in terms of operating logic. For example, the function that is assigned to the force window with the greatest normal force can always be triggered. This can be the case, for example, with a pressure / tap gesture or long press gesture at a single position or on a single operating element. For example, two or three force windows are passed through and only the function is triggered which is assigned to the last force window (with the highest average force). If, on the other hand, several operating elements are swept over in the course of a swiping gesture with variable force, a respective function of the operating element can also be triggered which is assigned to that force window for the respective operating element swept over. For example, a first operating element can be swept over with a first force, while the force on the way to a second operating element is increased to a second force or a second force window. The function assigned to the first force is triggered for the first operating element, while the function assigned to the second force or the second force window is triggered for the second operating element. The same can be defined for a third and a fourth operating element or third and fourth forces / force ranges. For force thresholds lying between these force ranges, what has been said above in connection with the first and second force thresholds can apply accordingly.

If within the scope of the present disclosure of a first or second operating element or of a first, a second and a third touching input or a first, a second or third force or of a first and second force threshold or of a primary, Secondary or tertiary function is being talked about, this is only intended to denote the minimum number of respective, mutually corresponding terms and does not exclude that a fourth and fifth touching input a quaternary or quintary function or a fourth and fifth force (threshold ) etc. may be defined to continue the logic provided according to the invention as shown above. This restriction to three force windows selected in the context of the present disclosure therefore only serves to illustrate the basic idea according to the invention and can be implemented, for example, to up to 6, 8, 10 or 20 force windows for one and the same control element.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a graphical user interface for a means of locomotion is proposed. This includes a data input, an evaluation unit and a data output. In other words, the method according to the invention can be supported by an electronic control device which uses further elements arranged in the means of locomotion for data input and data output. According to the invention, the evaluation unit is set up to determine, by means of the data input, a first touching input by means of a touch-sensitive input device with respect to a first operating element shown on a display device with a first force. Here, too, the positions of the touching input and output of the control element do not have to coincide, but only have to be logically linked to one another. In response to the determination of the first force and the assignment of the first force to a predefined first force window, a secondary function associated with the first operating element is subsequently triggered by means of the data output. In other words, by recognizing that the force currently exerted by the user falls within the first force window, the evaluation unit triggers the secondary function. Furthermore, the evaluation unit can also use the data input to determine a second touching input relating to the first operating element shown on the display device with a second force, the second force being in a force window above the first force. In response to the knowledge that the second force currently exerted by the user falls within the second force window, the evaluation unit uses the data output to initiate a primary function associated with the first operating element, which is assigned to the second force window for the operating element. According to the invention, the force threshold between the first and the second force window is predefined as a function of data obtained in advance. In particular, an operating parameter of the means of transport including a user identification / user classification and / or a driving situation of the means of transport can have been used to define a position of the force threshold. Thus, under the first circumstances, a first force threshold applies, which distinguishes the first and the second force from one another, while under second circumstances, different from the first circumstances, a second force threshold different from the first force threshold separates the first and the second force from one another. The same applies to the third touching input with the third force, which is greater than the first and greater than the second force, which is taken by the evaluation unit by means of the data output as an occasion to trigger a tertiary function associated with the first operating element. Between the third force and the second force there is a second force threshold, which can optionally be adapted depending on the situation in a manner corresponding to the first force threshold in order to prepare situation-appropriate distinctions between user inputs. The graphical user interface is therefore set up to implement the features, combinations of features and advantages of the first-mentioned aspect of the invention, which is why reference is made to the above statements in order to avoid repetition.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, a means of locomotion is proposed which has a graphical user interface according to the second-mentioned aspect of the invention. The means of locomotion can be configured as a car, van, truck, motorcycle, watercraft and / or aircraft. The user interface can be arranged permanently and in particular distributed in the means of transportation and be permanently integrated into the on-board energy and information network of the means of transportation. In this way, the features, combinations of features and advantages also result in a corresponding manner for the means of transport.

• 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Fahrerarbeitsplatzes eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Fortbewegungsmittels mit einem Ausführungsbeispiel einer erfindungsgemäßen Anwenderschnittstelle;
• 2 bis 4 Bedienschritte einer erfindungsgemäßen Anwenderschnittstelle;
• 5 eine beispielhafte Ansicht eines aufgrund eines Timers stehen gebliebenen Hinweises auf der grafischen Anwenderschnittstelle;
• 6 und 7 eine Markierung bzw. Verschiebung markierter Bedienelemente;
• 8 eine erfindungsgemäße Interaktion mit einer Route auf einer digitalen Karte eines Navigationssystems;
• 9 eine schematische Darstellung von Bestandteilen einer erfindungsgemäßen grafischen Anwenderschnittstelle gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung; und
• 10 ein Flussdiagramm veranschaulichend Schritte eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description and the figures. Show it:

• 1 a perspective view of a driver's workplace of an embodiment of a means of locomotion according to the invention with an embodiment of a user interface according to the invention;
• 2 to 4th Operating steps of a user interface according to the invention;
• 5 an exemplary view of a message stopped due to a timer on the graphical user interface;
• 6th and 7th a marking or shifting of marked operating elements;
• 8th an inventive interaction with a route on a digital map of a navigation system;
• 9 a schematic representation of components of a graphical user interface according to the invention according to the present invention; and
• 10 a flowchart illustrating steps of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the invention.

1 shows a perspective view of a driver's workplace of a car according to the invention 10 as an embodiment of a means of locomotion with an embodiment of a graphical user interface according to the invention 1 . A central information screen is used as a display device 2 provided on which four controls 3 are displayed on top of each other. The controls 3 can also be understood as buttons. On a touch pad located in the center console 5 as a touch-sensitive input device, touches the hand 9 of a user a position which corresponds to the second control element from the top 3 assigned. Due to the slight force exerted on the touch pad 5 becomes one with the button 3 associated secondary function triggered, which here is the display of a help text 4th for the information of the user. The touch pad 5 is arranged essentially horizontally and the central information screen 2 is arranged essentially vertically under a hood in the dashboard.

2 shows an operating step by a user at a user interface 1 , which essentially corresponds to the in 1 the situation shown. In addition, there is a scale on the right edge of the screen 6th as an indication of the force currently being exerted, which is indicated by an indicator 6d is symbolized, and the location of the force thresholds 6a to trigger a secondary function, 6b to trigger a primary function and 6c shown for triggering a tertiary function. An alternative form of a note 6th is indicated by a two-part wave symbol at the position currently touched by the user, with the number of waves displayed increasing with the force category. The user can configure whether the scale or the two-part wave symbol or both indications 6th should be displayed when using the graphical user interface 1 interacts. When the force thresholds are exceeded 6a , 6b and 6c on the input device 5 haptic and / or acoustic feedback can also be sent to the user. The inventive dependency of the existence and location of the force thresholds 6a , 6b and 6c of operating parameters or driving situations of the means of transport is in connection with 9 explained. Alternatively, for example, the scale on the right edge of the screen can be colored depending on the current force and, for example, colored from green to yellow and finally red.

3 shows the in 2 situation when the user presses the touch-sensitive input device 5 elevated. This is the indicator 6d ascended into a power window, which is between the power thresholds 6b and 6c lies. The note displayed in the area of the touching position 6th now contains a two-part double wave symbol to the opposite 2 to illustrate increased force.

4th shows the in 3 illustrated operating situation after a further increase in the force applied by the user to the touch-sensitive input device 5 . The indicator 6d has the third force threshold 6c exceeded and is arranged in the force window, which has the highest mean force in the example shown. Accordingly, this is in 3 The two-part double-wave symbol shown in a two-part triple-wave symbol as an indication 6th passed over to illustrate the again increased force. For the sake of completeness it should be stated that the different functions associated with the three different force windows in the 2 to 4th cannot be distinguished. Rather, in each of the 2 to 4th the hint 4th shown, which for example due to the in connection with 5 displayed timer can be displayed during the entire operating step shown.

5 shows that in response to the in 2 displayed operating situation 4th can also be displayed after operation by the user, although the user's finger has already been removed from the touch-sensitive input device 5 has been lifted. In response to leaving the power level assigned to the function, the timer 17th started and in response to the expiry of the timer the function (in this case the display of the message 4th in the form of a help text).

6th shows an operating step of a user interface according to the invention under the action of an arrow along an arrow P1 executed swiping gesture via three control elements 3 , 7th , 8th with a second force that the user uses his hand 9 exerts on the touch-sensitive input device. The second force lies in a second force window, which is a primary function of the control elements 3 , 7th , 8th assigned for a swipe gesture. As shown, the controls are 3 , 7th , 8th all selected when sweeping over with a second force. In other words, they are activated or “flagged” as the target of a function to be defined below.

7th shows the operating step of a user for moving selected control elements 3 , 7th , 8th which is based on the in 6th situation shown. After the user, as in 6th the three control elements are shown 3 , 7th , 8th has swept over with a second force, it increases the force, so that the swiping gesture subsequently executed along an arrow P is executed under the action of a third force. The third force is in connection with a swiping gesture with respect to selected control elements 3 , 7th , 8th assigned a shift operation, so that a change in location of the hand 9 , 9 'a corresponding change in location of the operating elements 3 , 7th , 8th or 3 ', 7', 8 'is the result.

If the user then reduces the force and leaves the third force window, the shift operation is also ended. If he continues the swiping gesture with a lower force (e.g. the second force), different functions are possible. Either in addition to the control elements 3 ', 7', 8 ', further overlined control elements are activated or highlighted or a new selection process is started, whereby the control elements 3', 7 ', 8` no longer belong to the selection. If the user further reduces the force applied, the selection existing at this point in time can be retained or frozen or completely canceled. Independently of this, an operating element that is then swept over with a first force can experience a secondary function call in response to the user action and, for example, an information text (not shown) for this purpose 4th get assigned.

8th shows an operational step in which the hand 9 of a user a displayed route on a touchscreen 11 manipulated. The route 11 is shown on a digital map of a navigation system. The user would like to modify a section and to do this, drag along an arrow P3 the route section 11a to the right, so that there is an alternative route section 11b results, which, for example, can have an intermediate destination desired by the user. The one along the arrow P3 The swiping gesture carried out by the user is carried out while exercising a third (normal) force, which is predefined as a precondition for the re-routing step shown. This has the advantage that a lower force (second force) can be provided for a zoom operation on the map or for moving the visible map section, for example, and a swiping gesture under the action of a first force can be used to change the screen view (e.g. another application associated). Correspondingly, further force thresholds can be predefined in order to adapt the voice output for navigation commands without necessarily having to touch a predefined element (e.g. loudspeaker symbol or the like, not shown). This enables extensive manipulation of the navigation system without even having to display another button for the respective functions.

9 shows components of an exemplary embodiment of a graphical user interface 1 , which via a bus system 16 , a control unit 5 for reporting driving status variables as well as a receiving module 15th for communication with a radio key 15a , a data input 12th an electronic control unit 13th feeds. Via the data input 12th This means that user identifications can be used, for example, to modify force thresholds ( 2 to 4th , Reference numerals 6a , 6b , 6c ) can be used. For example, less powerful users, such as petite women or seniors, can be sensed as such and the force thresholds can be automatically reduced in response to this. This can be done by sensors, for example by means of mass-sensitive seat occupancy sensors 19th and / or optical pattern recognition. Alternatively or additionally you can Force thresholds are predefined in a configuration menu and determined as a function of a user identification (eg automatically determined, in particular by means of a camera 18th and / or vehicle key and / or smartphone / smart wearable) of a current user can be activated. The force thresholds can thus be better adapted to the requirements and / or inclinations of the user. In a corresponding way, the arousal (excitation) of the driver can be determined by sensors and / or driving state variables (e.g. speed, acceleration, complexity of the traffic situation, traffic density, lane width, etc.) can be taken into account in order to determine the position of force thresholds 6a , 6b , 6c automatically adapt to the situation / situation. In particular, ideal positions of force thresholds can also be learned by evaluating the accuracy with which a user hits the force threshold whose function he then controls. If "overshoots" occur more frequently in the direction of force thresholds that are too high, the force threshold can be adjusted in the direction of higher forces. If the user often corrects a force that is initially too low by subsequently increasing the pressure in order to trigger the function he is addressing, the force threshold can be reduced in order to make the subsequent increase in force superfluous in the future. In addition, is the data input 12th with a touch-sensitive input device 5 information technology connected, which can be designed as a digitizer or touch pad. The through the data input 12th The information collected is stored in the electronic control unit 13th used as an evaluation unit to generate suitable output variables, which are displayed on a screen 2 as a display device of the graphical user interface 1 can be used to display corresponding screen contents and to call up different vehicle functions 10a. The elements shown can in particular be distributed in the means of locomotion, the touch-sensitive input device 5 in an ergonomically favorable position and the screen 2 can be arranged (preferably permanently) at an optically ergonomic position in the means of transport. Both can also be used for other functions of the means of transport in order to be able to use the required hardware efficiently and flexibly.

10 shows a flowchart with steps of a method according to the invention for operating a graphical user interface for a means of locomotion. In a first step 100 a user of the means of locomotion is recognized or classified. This includes determining the identity of the user, for which purpose the signals from an interior camera and a vehicle key are evaluated. If the user is classified and has been assigned a predefined reference for a force threshold in the means of transport, step 200 the predefined reference assigned to the user is retrieved from a data memory. An assigned reference thus defines the position of the force thresholds, which are provided for different, touching inputs of the graphical user interface. After getting the associated reference, step 300 the corresponding force thresholds of the user interface are adjusted depending on the assigned reference. For this purpose, data from the assigned reference can be loaded into a main memory of the graphical user interface, which data differ in particular from those of another user. In this way, the user interface according to the invention or the means of locomotion according to the invention is adapted to the needs of the user. Here, results of a machine learning process can also be loaded into a working memory of the user interface in a user-specific manner. In step 400 a first touching input relating to a first operating element shown on a display device is determined with a first force by means of a touch-sensitive input device. The touching input is a swiping gesture with light pressure and leads to step 500 to trigger a secondary function for the first control element in the manner of a mouse-over event. Then in step 600 a second touching input is determined in the form of an identical swiping gesture with respect to the first operating element shown on the display device with a second force. The second force is greater than the first force and is recognized when the previously defined force threshold is exceeded. Due to the fact that the second force is assigned to the first operating element and the swiping gesture, a primary function of the first operating element is now triggered instead of the secondary function. If the first control element is designed as an icon for a specific app, the app is in step 700 so started. In this example, the first control element is moved to a different position on the screen.

It is a core of the present invention to define the position of a force window for the operation of an operating element or a position on a graphical user interface depending on automatically recognizable circumstances and to use the force window or the force window to trigger different functions. However, this does not rule out that further distinctions for calling up different functions are predefined on the basis of a duration of the gestures carried out and / or on the basis of the different number of fingers placed on the touch-sensitive input device, respective functions. Also a combination of number on the touch-sensitive input device finger and different duration of action can be provided according to the invention and can be predefined with the different force windows on different control elements for calling up different functions.

The aforementioned invention helps to reduce the distraction of the user when operating a user interface from the driving task.

List of reference symbols

1

graphical user interface

2

screen

3

Control element

4th

Note text

5

touch-sensitive input device, digitizer

6th

Note

6a, 6b, 6c

Force threshold

6d

Indicator (of the current force)

7, 8

Control element

9

Hand of the user

10

Car

11

route

11a, 11b

Route section

12th

Data input

13th

electronic control unit

14th

Data output

15th

Receiving device, antenna

15a

Remote control key

16

Bus system

17th

timer

18th

camera

19th

mass-sensitive seat occupancy sensor

100 to 700

Procedural steps

P1 to P3

Arrows

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 20180134158 [0003]
• US 9612660 [0003]

Claims (10)

Method for operating a graphical user interface for a means of locomotion, comprising the steps of: - Determination (400) of a first touching input relating to a first operating element (3) shown on a display device (2) with a first force, in response to this - Triggering (300) a secondary function for the first control element (3), - Determining (600) a second touching input with respect to the first operating element shown on the display device with a second force which is greater than the first force, and in response thereto - Triggering (700) a primary function associated with the first operating element, with a predefined force threshold (6b) delimiting the first and second force from one another as a function - An operating parameter of the means of locomotion (10) and / or - A driving situation of the means of locomotion (10) is adapted in a predefined manner. Procedure according to Claim 1 , wherein the input device is part of a touch-sensitive screen. Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 wherein the first and second inputs have identical patterns other than force. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the operating parameter is a - speed and / or - acceleration and / or - change in acceleration and / or - User ID and / or - Includes user classification, and / or the driving situation - a road condition and / or - includes a traffic situation. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the secondary function - a mouse-over event for the currently operated control element (3, 7, 8) and / or - An output of a help text for the currently operated control element (3, 7, 8) and / or - an output of a hyperlink associated with the currently operated control element (3, 7, 8). Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the primary function - a shift of the operating element (3, 7, 8) addressed by the input and / or - An activation of a function of the means of locomotion (10) comprises. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the operating element - a button and / or - represents a route (11) displayed on a screen. Method according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the input device (5) has a touch-sensitive matrix sensor system for the spatially resolving determination of a shape of the touching input. Graphical user interface (1) for a means of locomotion (10) comprising: - a data input (12), - An evaluation unit (13) and - A data output (14), the evaluation unit being set up, - Using the data input, to determine a first touching input relating to a first operating element (3) shown on a display device (2) with a first force and in response thereto - to trigger a secondary function associated with the first control element by means of the data output (14) and - By means of the data input (12), a second touching input relating to the first operating element (3) shown on the display device (2) with a second force, which is greater than the first force, to be determined and in response to it to trigger a primary function associated with the first operating element (3) by means of the data output, and wherein the evaluation unit is further set up as a function of a predefined force threshold that delimits the first and second force from one another - An operating parameter of the means of locomotion (10) and / or - To adapt to a driving situation of the means of locomotion (10) in a predefined manner. Means of transport comprising a graphical user interface (1) according to Claim 9 .

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