DE102018117732A1 - Two-stroke free piston engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a two-stroke free-piston engine with a double piston reversibly movable in a cylinder (6), with a precompression chamber and with two combustion chambers each having a spark plug (9). In order to improve the efficiency, in particular in connection with an electric linear generator, the two sub-pistons of this two-stroke free piston engine are connected to each other via symmetrically and uniformly distributed near the cylindrical piston skirt surface arranged connecting rods. As a result, the gas exchange takes place in the combustion chamber via longitudinal rinsing.

Description

The invention relates to a two-stroke free-piston engine, also referred to as a Stelzer engine, with a double piston reversibly movable in a cylinder, with a precompression chamber and with two combustion chambers each having a spark plug, wherein the piston has two associated partial pistons.

In the Stelzer engine, only the continuous piston is moved back and forth. Its different diameters (stepped pistons) also control the gas exchange between the individual rooms during the different working cycles. The housing contains a central pre-compression chamber with a large diameter and a central inlet opening, then a narrower overflow opening to the outside and subsequently further combustion chambers with spark plug and outlet opening at the location farthest from the center. Each of the three areas has a matching diameter of the piston.

The piston is a so-called stepped piston. He points in the middle of a disc that constantly changes the sides in the Vorverdichtungskammer. Thereby, the inlet opening is alternately assigned to the left and right expanding part of the chamber. After passing over the inlet opening, the trapped volume is reduced, thereby precompressing the mixture.

In the course of the further piston movement, an area of the piston which closes the overflow opening is moved into an open position and the gas enters the combustion chamber and flushes residues of burned gas out through the open outlet at the outer combustion chamber end.

In the return swing, the piston closes both the overflow and at the other end of the combustion chamber with its working part, the outlet opening. The working part moves in the combustion chamber further to the center and compresses the mixture here until ignition and reversal of motion. Now, during the outward movement, the piston is working. In the inner area, the next precompression is already taking place. Shortly before the outer dead center opens first the outlet, shortly thereafter the overflow.

By kinematically coupling the piston to a power generator for power generation, it is possible to use it as a power generator. In contrast to the motor variant, the alternator variant contains an electric linear generator which induces current into a generator coil by means of a magnetic field which is guided via the piston and acts radially.

In technology, for example the DE 508 725 , Two-stroke free-piston engines and generators are known, which connect both pistons to each other via a central connecting rod, wherein a magnet with radially acting magnetic field is mounted on the connecting rod, which induces current in the surrounding coil embedded in the piston.

The supply of the fuel-air mixture takes place either via an active valve train or via the known in the art for Zeitaktmotoren "Querspülverfahren". From the magnetic field generating rotor block, the force is applied to the power generating coil by compressive force (known as Linear Combustion Engine).

Next is from the DE 30 29 287 C2 a double-piston engine is known in which the connecting rod passes through the combustion chamber, resulting in an annular combustion chamber, which must be equipped for uniform combustion with at least two spark plugs.

A generic Stelzer engine is for example also from the DE 31 03 432 A1 known. Furthermore, also describes the DE 10 2009 040 051 B4 a free-piston engine.

Furthermore, reciprocating engines or free-piston engines of different types are still in the DE 33 42 183 A1 , of the DE 102 57 943 A1 , of the DE 195 37 055 A1 , of the DE 199 11 669 A1 , of the DE 10 2006 059 557 A1 as well as the US 2006/0196456 A1 disclosed.

The essence of all these engines is that their twin pistons perform a translatory, linear, oscillating movement in their cylinder, that they have no connecting rod to be driven crankshaft, so that their pistons are equipped with low mass to accelerate, which promotes high compression and thus high efficiency and in that for generating electrical energy they comprise a radially acting permanent magnet moved by their double piston or a magnetic field generating armature coil which induces current into a generator coil by Lorentz force.

Furthermore, linear generators are known which exert compressive forces on a radially acting permanent magnet or on a rotor coil mounted on the outside of the double piston, so that the generator must be additionally guided on the side facing away from the drive, since these leave the ideal axial centric force line due to parasitic, radially acting forces and would tilt on the cylinder.

The invention is based on the object, a two-stroke internal combustion engine, in particular in connection with an electric linear generator of the type described above to be further improved.

This object is achieved with a two-stroke free-piston engine according to the features of claim 1. The further embodiment of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, therefore, a two-stroke free-piston engine is provided in which the two sub-pistons of this engine are connected to each other via connecting rods arranged symmetrically and uniformly distributed near the cylindrical piston skirt surface and the gas exchange takes place in the combustion chamber via longitudinal winding. As a result, the combustion of the fuel gas by the design of the combustion chamber and the design of its piston and its cylinder and the design of its inlet and outlet slots in terms of efficiency and emissions significantly optimized.

In this case, the connection connecting rods of the two sub-pistons for the gas exchange are particularly preferably designed as ring segment and stepped shapes as intake valve slots.

Furthermore, it has already proven to be particularly practical if the combustion chamber enclosed by the cylinder base surface and piston skirt and piston base surface is shaped for each partial piston such that a virtually cylindrical combustion combustion-optimized combustion chamber results, in which the combustion process with exactly one spark plug centrally arranged per combustion chamber can be initiated.

In another, likewise particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the combustion chamber enclosed by the cylinder base surface and piston skirt and piston base surface is equipped with exhaust valve slots for each partial piston and for the cylinder, which permit the outlet of the burnt fuel gas in the event of congruence due to suitable piston position in the cylinder.

In a further embodiment of the two-stroke free-piston engine with a linear generator are separated for the left and right cylinder part about the radius of the sub-cylinder uniformly distributed multiple and at least three excited by coils magnetic fields whose field lines are axially guided over a mantelflat near segment of each cylinder and piston, and on the radial magnetic forces of the left and right part of the piston by means of suitable control of the magnetic field strength is guided each other centric and neglecting his piston rings without contact in his sub-cylinder. By means of suitable and controlled induced magnetic fields so the clamping of the piston in the cylinder is prevented by the magnetic forces to guide the double piston in the cylinder.

Particularly preferably, the radial magnetic fields moved by the piston of the magnetic circuits mounted for the piston position control simultaneously induce current into one or more generator coils. By an axial alternating force exerted on the piston and the axially oscillating combustion process between the piston and cylinder is initiated by means of suitable AC injection into the generator coils and magnetic force on the magnetic fields in the piston, the piston can be designed to optimize weight, since a starter is not needed. By AC injection into the generator coil of the magnetized by the exciter coil piston begins to oscillate.

Another particularly promising embodiment of the invention is also achieved when separated for the left and right cylinder parts over the radius of the cylinder equally distributed at least three magnetic circuits are excited via coils in the cylinder, so that the piston can be carried out exciter coil.

Particularly preferably, in the separately for the left and the right sub-cylinder over the radius of the cylinder equally distributed at least three magnetic circuits additively one after phase, amplitude and frequency the same alternating voltage impressed, so that in each case one per magnetic circuit connected in series shunt inductance based on the falling there measured AC voltage, the total inductance of the respective magnetic circuit can be determined.

It can be calculated from the determinable Gesamtinduktivität a magnetic circuit via ratio formation of the respective Magnetkreisinduktivitiäten the radial position of the piston in the cylinder and used as control variables for thereby taking place suitable electromagnetic piston position control. As a result, the leadership of the piston in the cylinder and the ignition is made possible by an electromagnetic control.

For this purpose, in addition to the determinable Gesamtinduktivität a magnetic circuit, the longitudinal position of the piston in the cylinder and thus the time for the ignition of the fuel gas and the injection time for the preparation of the fuel gas can be determined.

Another, also particularly promising embodiment of the invention is also achieved in that the kinetic energy generated by the double piston over a between the two double piston located and kinematically coupled with the double piston, in particular connected by crankshaft connecting rod crankshaft is discharged into a rotational movement, in particular rotationally to a transmission. The coupling takes place in such a way that the crankshaft connecting rod is subjected to tensile forces and the crankshaft-related radial forces on the piston are minimized.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if at least two or an even number of magnetic circuits oriented on the piston are provided on the cylinder, separated equally for the left and the right sub-cylinders over the radius of the cylinder, via the radial magnetic forces of which the left and the right sub-pistons are provided by suitable means Control of the magnetic iron circles are each performed centrally in its sub-cylinder, so that the crankshaft-induced radial forces can be compensated and the piston can be guided without contact in the cylinder.

In addition, according to another particularly promising embodiment of the piston and the cylinder could be simple and the crankshaft to the piston required for the compression kinetic energy and the mechanical energy resulting from the combustion process are removed from the piston.

Another, likewise particularly practice-relevant embodiment of the invention is also realized in that equally distributed over the radius of the cylinder several evenly distributed at the radius of the cylinder at least two magnetic coils excited by coils in the cylinder or an even number on the piston aligned magnetic circuits are mounted on the radial magnetic forces of the piston by means of suitable control of the magnetic iron circles are guided centric and neglecting his piston rings contactless in his cylinder, with two opposite magnetic circuits compensate for the crankshaft and conrod-related transverse forces in the cylinder.

By an optional excitation coil, an amplification of the magnetic field in the piston for the purpose of inducing electrical current in the generator coil without abrasion contact and conductive can be achieved via flexible electrical lines.

In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention can be removed capacitively by attaching an electrode in front of the cylinder base and construction of a high voltage electric field between this electrode and the base of the piston and due to the linear piston vibration movement between the piston and cylinder electrode electrical energy from this capacitor system. In particular, can be coupled capacitively by mounting a high voltage electrode in front of the piston electrical power.

In another, likewise particularly expedient embodiment of the invention, the gas exchange for the fuel gas inlet between Vorverdichtungskammer and combustion chamber or for the fuel gas outlet between the combustion chamber and outdoor area by means mounted in each Teilkolbenboden valves, which are operated via fixed cams in the respective cylinder part and the gas exchange in the combustion chamber takes place via longitudinal rinsing.

It has already proven to be advantageous if the Verbindungspleuel the two sub-piston for the gas exchange from the outside into the pre-compression chamber as inlet valve slots ringsegment- and stepped are executed.

Particularly preferably, the spark plugs and the injection pump are mounted externally accessible in the respective cylinder bottom, so as to simplify the assembly and service measure.

Moreover, it has proved to be particularly practical if the double piston has an additional inlet membrane and in the respective double cylinder in each case an additional second Vorverdichtungskammer is arranged, which can suck due to piston stroke and size of the inlet membrane corresponding volume of fuel gas. The advantage of only one precompression chamber lies above all in the fact that the gas quantity can be regulated via external compressors and adapted to the engine operating point.

A further advantageous development of the invention is also achieved when the gas exchange takes place from the additional second precompression chamber to the first precompression chamber by means of suitable slots, which are embodied by means of the ring-segment and stepped connection connecting rods.

Furthermore, in accordance with a further preferred variant, the gas exchange from the additional second precompression chamber to the first precompression chamber can take place by connecting connecting rods between the two partial pistons, which are designed in the shape of a ring segment and a stepped one.

Furthermore, radially acting permanent magnets can be arranged in the double-piston in the lateral surface in each case close to the left and right combustion chamber delimiting base area in order to produce magnetic fields in the cylinder by means of induction located generator coils to generate a generator current.

In addition, regulated magnetic opposing forces can be applied to the radially acting in the double piston in the lateral surface in each case near the left and right brennraumbegrenzenden base permanent force by means mounted in the cylinder controllable coils, so that the piston is contact-free centrally in the cylinder.

The objects are achieved by the described arrangements in the independent claims. Functions and advantageous embodiments of the arrangements are specified in the dependent claims.

• 1 einen Doppelzylinder;
• 2 einen Doppelkolben;
• 3 einen Zweitaktfreikolbenmotor mit Doppelkolben und Lineargenerator beim Ansaugen des Kraftstoffgemisches;
• 4 einen Zweitaktfreikolbenmotor mit Doppelkolben und Lineargenerator beim Arbeitstakt und Vorverdichten des Kraftstoffgemisches;
• 5 einen Zweitaktfreikolbenmotor mit Doppelkolben und Lineargenerator beim Auslass des verbrannten Kraftstoffgemisches;
• 6 einen Zweitaktfreikolbenmotor mit Doppelkolben und Lineargenerator beim Spülvorgang des Kraftstoffgemisches;
• 7 einen Zweitaktfreikolbenmotor mit Doppelkolben und Lineargenerator beim Verdichten des Kraftstoffgemisches;
• 8.1, 8.2 und 8.3 elektrische induktive Stromerzeugung durch Magnetisierung eines Erregerfeldes mittels konduktiv bestromter Erregerspule im Kolben;
• 9.1 und 9.2: elektrische induktive Stromerzeugung durch Magnetisierung mittels Erregerspulen im Zylinder und mit zusätzlichen Magneten im Kolben;
• 10.1, bis 10.3: elektromagnetische Regelung der Kolbenlage im Zylinder;
• 11.1, bis 11.4: mechanische Leistungserzeugung durch rotatorischen Abtrieb mittels Kurbelwelle und Pleuelstange für einen Doppelzylinder und einen Doppelkolben;
• 12.1 und 12.2: elektrische kapazitive Leistungserzeugung;
• 13.1 und 13.2: mechanische Leistungserzeugung über rotatorischen Abtrieb mittels Kurbelwelle und Pleuelstange für einen Einfachzylinder und einen Einfachkolben;
• 14.1 bis 14.3: einen Zweitaktfreikolbenmotor mit einlassventilbestücktem Doppelkolben und Lineargenerator, dargestellt als Kolben und Zylinder (14.1) sowie zusammengebaut in seinen Arbeitstakten (14.2 bis 14.3);
• 15.1 bis 15.6: einen Zweitaktfreikolbenmotor mit Vorverdichtung und mit einlassventilbestücktem Doppelkolben und Lineargenerator, dargestellt als Kolben und Zylinder (16.1) sowie zusammengebaut in seinen Arbeitstakten (16.2 bis 16.3);
• 16.1 bis 16.3: einen Zweitaktfreikolbenmotor mit Schrägkurbelwelle (Taumelscheibe) zwischen oberem und unterem Totpunkt;
• 17.1 und 17.2: Erregerspulen mit Magnetkreis in Kolben und Zylinder sowie Generatorspulen.

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. These show in:

• 1 a double cylinder;
• 2 a double piston;
• 3 a two-stroke free piston engine with double piston and linear generator when sucking the fuel mixture;
• 4 a two-stroke free-piston engine with double piston and linear generator at the power stroke and pre-compression of the fuel mixture;
• 5 a two-stroke free piston engine with double piston and linear generator at the outlet of the combusted fuel mixture;
• 6 a two-stroke free-piston engine with double piston and linear generator during the purging process of the fuel mixture;
• 7 a two-stroke free-piston engine with double piston and linear generator when compressing the fuel mixture;
• 8th .1, 8.2 and 8.3 electrical inductive power generation by magnetization of a field of excitation by means of conductively excited exciting coil in the piston;
• 9 .1 and 9.2: electrical inductive power generation by magnetization by means of excitation coils in the cylinder and with additional magnets in the piston;
• 10 .1, to 10.3: electromagnetic control of the piston position in the cylinder;
• 11 .1, to 11.4: mechanical power generation by means of rotary output by means of crankshaft and connecting rod for a double cylinder and a double piston;
• 12 .1 and 12.2: electrical capacitive power generation;
• 13 .1 and 13.2: mechanical power generation via rotary output by means of crankshaft and connecting rod for a single cylinder and a single piston;
• 14 .1 to 14.3: a two-stroke free piston engine with intake valve-equipped double piston and linear generator, shown as piston and cylinder (14.1) and assembled in its work cycles (14.2 to 14.3);
• 15 .1 to 15.6: a two-stroke free-piston engine with pre-compression and with inlet valve-equipped double piston and linear generator, shown as piston and cylinder (16.1) and assembled in its power strokes (16.2 to 16.3);
• 16 .1 to 16.3: a two-stroke free-piston engine with an oblique crankshaft (swashplate) between upper and lower dead center;
• 17 .1 and 17.2: Excitation coils with magnetic circuit in pistons and cylinders as well as generator coils.

In the arrangement according to the invention piston and cylinder are made double and each mirror-symmetrically constructed around its center. In one variant, pistons and cylinders are simply designed. The following technical explanations refer in the figures to one half of the cylinder or a sub-piston and apply mutatis mutandis to both sides of the engine or the generator as set forth in the main claim.

The invention according to the claims 1 and 2 refers to a two-stroke internal combustion engine with a symmetrical, free-floating, stepped designed as a ring segment piston piston 2 who cuts three ring segments 25 . 28 . 28 and movably in a cylinder chamber provided with inlet and outlet slots 1 are arranged, wherein the combustion chamber 3 via a carrier designed as an inner cylinder 12 from the precompression chamber 4 is separated and where the piston 2 via a piston center piece 24 the precompression chamber 4 separated for the respective piston part. The replacement of the fuel mixture via the known in the art for Zeitaktmotoren "Längsspülverfahren". The various ring stages of cylinder and piston, which in the 1 to 7 are set forth, depending on the position of the piston in the cylinder for the gas exchange of the fuel gas and for its working cycles.

1 shows the cylinder 1 , In section 16 are 4 equally distributed outlet slots over the lateral surface 15 shown. In section 19 is the outer shell surface of the cylinder 1 shown, the load-bearing and connective, gas-tight and has magnetic field leading function. In section 17 is the outer shell surface and inside the carrier 12 for a spark plug 9 and inner cylinder ring 14 shown the combustion chamber 3 from the precompression chamber 4 disconnects (see also 3 ).

The base of the carrier for spark plug and inner cylinder ring 14 to the exterior of the cylinder 6 represents the fixed surface of the combustion chamber.

The base of the spark plug and inner piston ring support towards the interior of the cylinder provides the fixed surface 10 the precompression chamber.

In section 20 are next to outer shell surface and carrier 12 for the spark plug 9 as well as inner cylinder ring 14 the connecting beams are shown between these components. The recesses guide the connecting rods of the two pistons and leave room for the gas exchange between the precompression chamber 4 and combustion chamber 3 (see also 3 ). In section 18 are also four evenly distributed over the lateral surface Vorverdichtungskammereinlassschlitze 13 through which the combustion mixture finds its access to the precompression chamber.

The component in longitudinal section represents a generator coil 11 in which by means of a radially acting movable magnetic field, a current is induced, which is taken as an electric generator current. The piston 2 oscillates in the cylinder 1 , Accordingly, an alternating current in the generator coil 11 induced and can be taken from her. For the sake of illustrative simplicity, it is assumed that through the precompression chamber inlet slots 13 only unburned fuel gas 7 and through the outlet slots 15 only burned fuel gas 8th can penetrate (see 3 to 7 ). The necessary arrangements for operation, such as injection or carburetor before the Vorverdichtungskammereinlassschlitzen 13 or one of the outlet slots 15 subordinate exhaust are therefore not shown in this and in the following figures.

2 shows the piston 2 , In section 26 is the piston end shown, the piston base 5 to the piston interior, the outer boundary of the combustion chamber 3 shows. It contains the piston ring 21 , which is an outflow of the fuel gas 7 towards the outside of the combustion chamber 3 prevents (compare 3 ). In section 29 are the outlet slots 25 the combustion chamber 3 shown (compare 3 ). In section 28 is the inner surface of the combustion chamber 3 shown (compare 3 ). The combustion chamber jacket carries a piston ring 22 , which is an outflow of the fuel gas 8th in the generator interior area and in the precompression chamber 4 and an escape of the precompressed fuel gas 7 into the combustion chamber 3 prevented.

Towards the center of the piston 2 the piston skirt slims down to the inside and goes into connecting rod, which in section 27 are shown. The recesses 38 between the connecting rods are in the longitudinal direction congruent with the Vorverdichtungskammereinlassschlitzen 13 of the cylinder 1 (see 1 and 3 ).

In the center of the double piston are the inlet diaphragm and the carrier for an electric or permanent magnet whose magnetic field is directed radially outward. Both bases of the piston centerpiece 24 form the movable membrane of their precompression chamber 4 , Is the inlet membrane, so too 24 , between the precompression chambers 4 made so narrow that they with a piston stroke the Vorverdichtungskammereinlassschlitze 13 completely swept over, so come both Vorverdichtungskammern with a common inlet slot (see 9 ). Piston ring ( 23 ) prevents the fuel gas ( 8th ) in the precompression chamber not into the generator interior around the piston center piece 24 can escape.

The inventive solution for the description of the construction of the piston is in the characterizing part of claim 1 described.

In 3 to 7 is the structural design and the functioning of the engine with Verbau of the piston 2 in the cylinder chamber 1 shown. The piston oscillates within the cylinder with an amplitude between a lower and upper dead center, which is determined by the longitudinal dimensioning of piston and cylinder segments. The piston 2 moves in the 3 to 6 in the direction of the arrow 30 inside the cylinder 1 , The piston 2 is moving in the 7 in the direction of the arrow 70 inside the cylinder 1 ,

Depending on the position of the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 is the combustion chamber inlet slot between the cuts 17 (please refer 1 ) and 28 (please refer 2 ) opened or closed.

Depending on the position of the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 is the precompression chamber inlet slots 13 the precompression chamber 4 , between the cuts 18 (please refer 1 ) and 27 (please refer 2 ) opened or closed.

Depending on the position of the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 is the outlet slot 15 . 25 the combustion chamber 3 , between the cuts 16 (please refer 1 ) and 29 (please refer 2 ) opened or closed.

The inventive solution for the description of the construction of the piston and its function in the gas exchange is in the characterizing part of claim 2 described.

3 shows the engine at the moment of top dead center of the piston base 5 at the cylinder base.

In section 33 is set out that the recess 38 of the piston and the precompression chamber inlet slot 13 of the cylinder are congruent and that an unburned fuel gas 7 in the precompression chamber 4 can occur. Due to the previous engine cycle is in the Vorverdichtungskammer 4 a negative pressure, so that the fuel gas can advance quickly into the Vorverdichtungskammer. Outside the pre-compression chamber inlet slots 13 has the precompression chamber 4 the shape of cut 35 , so here due to the piston ring 22 no gas escapes. In section 32 It is shown that the combustion chamber inlet slot is closed and thus the precompression chamber 4 against the combustion chamber 3 is sealed. In the combustion chamber 3 , shown in section 34 , is now the time of highest compression. The fuel gas 8th has just been ignited over the spark plug and expanded. The piston is in the direction of the arrow 30 pushed to the outside of the cylinder to bottom dead center. The combustion chamber 3 is opposite to the outlet slots 15 and the precompression chamber 4 closed as in cut 31 . 32 . 34 shown.

4 shows the precompression chamber 4 at the time of compaction. In section 44 it is stated that the precompression chamber inlet slots 13 through the piston center piece 24 are sealed so that the fuel gas 7 in the precompression chamber 4 not from the precompression chamber inlet slots 13 can escape. In section 48 is set out that the recesses 38 are sealed by the cylinder wall. In section 43 is shown that the suspension for the spark plug 12 Recesses containing the fuel gas in the direction of the combustion chamber 3 let it flow. In section 47 is an area around the carrier ( 12 ), in which the combustion chamber part of the piston 2 is guided when the combustion chamber 3 to the precompression chamber 4 is closed.

The fuel gas 7 can from the precompression chamber 4 does not escape and is caused by movement of the piston center piece 24 towards the surface 10 the precompression chamber 4 compacted.

4 also shows the combustion chamber at the same time 3 at the time of expansion of the ignited expanding fuel gas 8th , The cuts 41 . 42 . 45 . 46 prove that the fuel gas 8th expands and does not escape. The piston 2 is therefore in the direction of arrow 3 driven to the cylinder end. In section 42 is stated that piston 2 , Cylinder 6 and carriers 12 the spark plugs are sealed against each other. In section 46 is the part of the combustion chamber is shown, which is surrounded only by the piston cup. In section 41 are the outlet slots 15 of the piston 2 although they are filled with fuel gas, but this can be done by the cylinder 6 and through the piston rings 21 and 22 do not escape. In section 45 It is shown that the outlet slots through the piston base 5 are closed. The fuel gas expands and cools down. After ignition of the fuel gas 8th builds up a high pressure, which then degrades during the piston movement in the direction of the bottom dead center.

In 5 is the outlet of the burned fuel gas 8th explained. The piston 2 has moved so far to bottom dead center, that as in section 51 set out, the piston base 5 the outlet slots 15 has reached, leaving the outlet slots of the piston 2 and the cylinder make a passage. Based on 5 is recognizable that the combustion chamber 3 neglecting the discharge slots 25 has a nearly optimal cylindrical shape. It is known in the art of internal combustion engines that this is the optimum combustion chamber shape with a minimized surface area for lowest possible heat dissipation and heat radiation.

The fuel gas 8th has over the atmosphere a higher residual pressure and flows (arrow 56 ) out of the cylinder. In the precompression chamber 4 becomes the pressure of the unburned fuel gas 7 continues to increase. In the cuts 53 . 54 is stated that the precompression chamber 4 against the combustion chamber 3 and precompression chamber inlet slots 13 is sealed and that the fuel gas 4 the precompression chamber only access to the cylinder ring 14 of the spark plug carrier has as in cut 52 . 55 shown.

In 6 is the gas exchange between the precompression chamber 4 and combustion chamber 3 shown. The outlet of the fuel gas is in phase between 5 and 6 almost completed. In the combustion chamber 3 there is only a slight overpressure compared to the outside atmosphere. The still existing burned fuel gas 8th has essentially left the combustion chamber. The fuel gas 7 from the precompression chamber 4 , Cut 62 and 65 , penetrates into the combustion chamber 3 before, drives the burned fuel gas 8th off or the fuel gas 7 partially mixes with the burned fuel gas 8th of the prelude. The volume of the precompression chamber 4 is sized so that the fuel gas 7 the residual volume at the bottom dead center of the precompression chamber 4 and the combustion chamber fills. Only the outlet slots 25 of the piston should only be partially refilled, so that no unburned fuel gases 7 over the outlet slots 15 get into the outside atmosphere, as in section 61 shown. In the internal combustion engine according to patent DE 30 29 287 C2 is in the combustion chamber only one outlet slot in the cylinder, but not available in the piston. This means that the incoming fresh fuel gas can very easily already reach the outlet slot of the cylinder, since it does not have to travel the narrowing channel of an outlet slot in the piston, as in the solution according to the invention shown here. This means that the boundary layer between burned gas and fresh gas is very small. The engine will only emit a small amount of unburned fuel gas. In section 63 is shown that the precompression chamber 4 still no fuel gas 7 lets in until the fuel gas 7 yourself in precompression chamber 4 and combustion chamber 3 evenly distributed, ie the combustion chamber inlet slots between the cuts 62 and 64 are still open and the cylinder ring 14 does not seal yet.

In 7 the engine becomes when compressing the unburned fuel gas 7 shown. The piston 2 moves from the perspective of the left-hand subcylinder considered 1 in the direction of the arrow 70 in the middle of the engine. The movement is caused by incipient combustion and expansion in the combustion chamber of the right sub-cylinder. The outflow of the burned fuel gas 8th is closed. In the cuts 71 . 72 . 74 is shown that the combustion chamber 3 against outside atmosphere and precompression chamber 4 is sealed. Thus, the unburned fuel gas 7 compacted, see section 75 , In the cuts 72 and 77 is shown that the precompression chamber 4 against the combustion chamber 3 as well as the inlet slots 13 is sealed. From the Vortakt is still unburned fuel gas in the precompression chamber 7 now due to the expansion of the pre-compression chamber 4 under reduced pressure (compared to residual pressure in combustion chamber and precompression chamber in 6 ) device (see also sections 73 and 76 ). Thus, the combustion cycle starts again accordingly 3 ,

The in 3 to 7 shown gas exchange leaves the piston 2 in the cylinder 1 swing back and forth between an upper and lower dead center. It is known in the art that through a radially acting magnet oscillating in a coil and the force associated with the movement, a current flows into this same generator coil 11 can be induced. Due to the movement of the piston relative to the cylinder can be at a constant magnetic field, an alternating current from the generator coil 11 taken, for example, rectified and then stored in a battery or can be converted into mechanical rotation by electric motor. This is particularly useful in drive technology for electrically powered vehicles, which are known in the art as serial hybrid vehicles. Due to the low weight and the good efficiency, the inventive solution presented here will in future also be used in avionics or in shipbuilding.

In 8th FIGS. 1 to 8.3 show a linear generator with magnetic field excitation by means of an electromagnet. Via flexible cables 86 . 87 gets into the exciter coil 81 a current impressed conductive. Such flexible leads are used, for example, in speaker technology to drive loudspeaker membranes in a magnetic field.

• 8.1 zeigt den linken Teilkolben des Lineargenerators im oberen Totpunkt.
• 8.2 zeigt den linken Teilkolben des Lineargenerators in mittlerer Position.
• 8.3 zeigt den linken Teilkolben des Lineargenerators im unteren Totpunkt.

The coil shapes the magnetic field 85 one. About the force of the piston 2 and the magnetic field 85 gets into the generator coil 84 induces a current.

• 8th .1 shows the left sub-piston of the linear generator at top dead center.
• 8th .2 shows the left sub-piston of the linear generator in the middle position.
• 8th .3 shows the left partial piston of the linear generator at bottom dead center.

The generator is mounted between the combustion chambers of the piston. Thus, only tensile forces are exerted on the generator block, since the expansion always pulls the piston at its power stroke to the outer region of the cylinder. When the piston is started, current is injected into the generator winding. According to the current direction of the generator and excitation coil, a force is exerted on the piston and set in motion. In this case, a tensile force is also exerted, since more pressure has to be built up for compressing the fuel gas in the combustion chamber lying in the direction of pull than for building up the pressure of the pre-compression chamber in the direction of pressure. This arrangement of the generator is known in the art. The following description is based on this basic principle of the arrangement of the linear generator block between the combustion chambers.

9 .1 (9.1 to improve the clarity without magnetic field lines) and 9.2 show the electric inductive power generation by cylinder magnetization with additional magnets in the piston. There are magnetic field lines in the lateral surface of the piston and the cylinder 95 , at least 3 equally distributed over the radius on each partial cylinder side by exciting coils 92 , impressed. The magnetic circuits extend in the piston so that the radial Field lines with the movement of the piston 90 be carried along and so in the generator coil 84 of the cylinder induce a current. The double hatched areas of the cylinder 91 and the piston 93 . 94 . 96 are magnetically high-impedance and can not conduct a magnetic field, so the magnetic field lines 95 Align accordingly and between piston and cylinder only within the generator coil 84 . 98 run radially. As they are pulled along by the piston, they induce a current in the generator coil 84 , The solution according to the invention is described in the characterizing part of patent claims 3 and 4.

The excitation coils 92 are installed in the cylinder. Thus, they can be controlled without contact. The piston is exciter coil free.

An optional additional magnet 99 is installed in the piston so that its magnetic field 97 the magnetic field lines 95 reinforced and contributes to higher current induction.

In 10 is the electromagnetic control of the piston position in the cylinder shown. With the exception of the sealing rings, the piston 102 with the help of the magnetic forces occurring without contact in the cylinder 101 guided.

In 10 If the piston is opposite the cylinder and its central center line by the angle α 200 in imbalance. For the left and right pistons, magnetic circuit control is equally distributed over the radius 201 . 202 . 203 . 204 appropriate. Then the magnetic flux is Φright4 219 according to his gap 224 greater than the magnetic flux Φright2 218 in the opposite gap 225 and the magnetic flux Φlinks4 227 corresponding to its gap smaller than the magnetic flux Φlinks2 226 in the opposite gap. Accordingly, a magnetic force is applied to the right-hand sub-piston F4 221 exerted, which is greater than the magnetic force F2 222 , In this scenario, the piston sticks to the cylinder wall and jams. The respective magnetic flux can be measured 217 . 218 . 219 . 220 via a shunt inductance L1 (213) = L2 (214) = L3 (215) = L4 (216) and via a constant alternating voltage U1 (209) = U2 (210) = U3 (211) = U4 (212). Since the magnetic flux 219 in its magnetic circuit is greater than in the magnetic flux 2 218 , its inductance is larger. As a result, in the shunt inductance L4 216 the voltage UI4 dropping above it 208 is greater than the voltage UI2 206 above the shunt inductance L2 214 , The respective AC voltage 210 . 206 such as 208 . 204 can be measured. The inventive solution for the structural arrangement of the measurement of the position of the piston in the cylinder and the method of determining the radial position of the piston in the cylinder is in the characterizing part of claim 5 described.

Via a control module, the magnetic flux and thus the selective magnetic force between piston and cylinder can be controlled in each case in a magnetic circuit: since UI4 208 is larger than UI2 206 , must be in the excitation winding 2 104 as long as a larger direct current are impressed until in excitation winding 4 105 the same voltage over UI4 208 drops off like over UI2 206 , Then the same magnetic flux flows through both magnetic circuits. Both magnetic circuits exert the same force between the piston and the cylinder and the partial piston is again in the middle position after adjustment. In a regulated position of the piston so the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuits and thus the forces acting on the piston are the same. The piston is pulled out neglecting the gravity in balancing radially outward in any direction. The magnetic force induced by the magnetic flux in magnetizable materials is a physical working principle known in the art and is used in all electromagnets. Analogously, this electromagnetic control applies to both partial cylinders. The piston is thus held by at least three magnetic circuits per partial cylinder in the middle position and guided without contact in the cylinder. In summary, the radial position of the sub-piston can be regulated from the difference of the magnetic fluxes by measuring AC voltage applied in their field windings. The inventive solution to the structural arrangement and function of the radial positioning and control of the piston in the cylinder is described in the characterizing part of claim 5.

Depending on the axial position of the piston in the cylinder overlap the radial magnetic field leading boundary layers of the piston and cylinder in their iron circle. Consequently, the magnetic resistance and thus its inductance, which can be measured via its shunt inductance and impressed alternating measurement voltage, likewise change for all four magnetic fluxes of a subcylinder.

In 13 is the mechanical power decrease by rotary output for a double cylinder and a double piston shown. Instead of a generator block between the combustion chambers, the engine includes a crankshaft 114 , a connecting rod 115 a struck at a partial cylinder recording of conrod bearing 116 and connecting rods 113 , on the left 112 and right 117 Partial pistons are connected, and on the left part of the piston force on the connecting rod 115 and crankshaft 114 forwarded and converted into a rotational movement. 11 .1 shows the piston at the moment of ignition and inlet of fuel in the precompression chamber. 11 .2 shows the piston at the moment of work (expansion) in the combustion chamber and compression in the precompression chamber. 11 .3 shows the piston at the moment of the outlet of the burned fuel gas and flushing of the fuel gas the precompression in the combustion chamber. 11 4 shows the piston at the moment of compression of the combustion gas in the combustion chamber and underpressure formation in the precompression chamber (cf. 3 to 7 ). Such crankshaft outputs are known in the art. The output variant loses with the mechanical output efficiency, since the additionally installed connecting rod 115 and crankshaft 114 due to their inertia complicate the piston acceleration and thus require less compaction. However, it represents the most cost-effective solution for applications in which a simple rotary drive is required. The solution according to the invention for the arrangement of a rotary output is characterized in the characterizing part of claim 6 described.

This variant can also be with an electromagnetic piston guide after the 9 and 10 operate. This occurs in the position of the crankshaft in 11 .2 and 11.4 the greatest lateral forces on the piston, ie the crankshaft is at right angles to the piston longitudinal axis. For this, the electromagnetic piston guide is designed so that it can compensate for the greatest forces, ie, the magnetic circuits of maximum power is here in the section of the plane above and below the piston. Magnetic circuits of low power are sufficient to keep the piston in the plane of the crankshaft. Since the piston is passed through the crankshaft and connecting rod, an axial measurement of the piston position is not necessarily required. This means that the control only has to take into account the differential magnetic fluxes of the magnetic circuits. If the double cylinder not only contains the electromagnetic piston guide but also a generator coil, it can simultaneously dissipate current and start the engine. This would replace the generator and starter required in conventional combustion engines. The inventive solution of the arrangement for constructive solution of the electromagnetic piston position control in a rotor-acting double-piston engine is described in the characterizing part of claim 5. If the engine is not equipped with an electromagnetic piston position control, the piston in the cylinder must be lubricated as in conventional combustion engines.

In 13 is shown the mechanical power generation via rotary output by means of crankshaft and connecting rod for a single cylinder and a single piston. In modification to the engine in 11 are cylinders 141 and pistons 142 not double, but simply executed. The energy for compressing the fuel in the combustion chamber and for generating the negative pressure in the Vorverdichtungskammer is doing over the crankshaft 143 and connecting rods 144 brought in. The engine is available in two variants. In 13 .1 is a variant describe in which the piston 142 In the power stroke forces, ie combustion of the fuel gas, on connecting rods 144 and crankshaft 143 exercises. This is the tilting of the piston 142 in the cylinder 141 minimized. In 13 .2 is a variant describe in which the piston 152 In the working cycle pressure forces, ie combustion of the fuel gas, on connecting rods 154 and crankshaft 153 exercises. The connecting rod is attached directly to the combustion chamber. The force emanating from the combustion chamber does not have to be led via webs to the diaphragm of the precompression chamber, but can be removed directly.

This variant can be with an electromagnetic piston guide after the 9 and 10 operate. Due to the shortened by more than half the length of the piston, the control is more difficult than the double piston 11 , as the crankshaft and connecting rod-related transverse forces substantially at the point of the connecting rod 155 from the piston to the cylinder. Since the piston has its end here, a particularly high counterforce to the control must be used in this point.

In 12 is the electrical capacitive power generation of the engine shown. In front of the surfaces of the piston 122 . 129 each becomes an anode 121 . 136 attached to a DC source 131 charged to the cathode. It is known in the art that electrical charge can be taken from such a biased capacitor system by changing the spacing of the plates. This is done by the swinging of the piston 124 within the cylinder (reached with an amplitude between a lower and upper dead center). In 12 .2 the electrical equivalent circuit diagram is shown. The system of anode 121 and the displaceable cathode 122 provides with the installed components an AC voltage source 135 representing the DC voltage source 131 via an inductance 130 is connected so that no alternating current flows through and the DC voltage source 131 is not charged. The AC voltage source 135 is on the AC side via the capacitor 134 with the rectifier 133 connected, in which the alternating current rectified and in the battery 132 is stored. Depending on the installation space, the capacitive power extraction can be realized on any surface in which the distance changes, so for example on the surfaces of spark plug holder 125 and precompression membrane 126 , To set the piston as an electrode opposite to a specific electrical potential, it is galvanically connected to the cylinder via a flexible conduit 127 coupled.

The arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of claims 1 to 4 has the advantage that the exhaust behavior due to its structural properties mentioned compared to known arrangements can be significantly improved and still the known advantages of good efficiency and its simple structure can be used.

Furthermore, the arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of claim 5 has the advantage that the running and control behavior can be significantly improved by means of its electromagnetic piston position control over known arrangements and still the known advantages of the simple structure can be used.

Furthermore, the arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of claims 5 and 6 has the advantage that for a variant with mechanical rotary force decrease the exhaust behavior and leadership of the piston in the cylinder can be substantially improved over known arrangements and still the known advantages of simple construction are used can.

Four-stroke internal combustion engines commonly used in the art consist of more than one thousand mechanical parts. The motor described here consists of less than a hundred mechanical and electromechanical parts and is thus cheaper to manufacture. In addition, this design of a free-piston linear generator can be mechanically decoupled from the rest system as a drive system. Fuel is supplied via a flexible plastic pipe. Electric power is dissipated via two flexible electrical lines. Thus, such a free-piston linear generator can also decouple acoustically good and encapsulate. Due to its small installation space and its very good efficiency, which is associated with the removal of only very small amounts of heat and exhaust gas, encapsulation is easy to construct. This is particularly useful when used in motor vehicles. Here conventional combustion engine, transmission and drive shafts for acoustic decoupling of the body and to avoid structure-borne noise have been traditionally performed and stored. Previously known two-stroke free-piston engines without additional valve train ( DE 30 29 287 C2 ) with the said advantage of the small number of components but so far have the combustion chamber design-related problem of their unclean combustion and the associated exhaust gases. The combustion chamber has surfaces for Verbindungspleuel that passes through it, ie it has the negative mold of a hollow cylinder with inner cylinder or the shape of a hollow ring. Here is the heat dissipating surface of the two-stroke free-piston engine after DE 30 29 287 C2 much larger than in the inventive solution presented here. The combustion chamber shape in this solution according to the invention corresponds to that of a cylinder with formations at the outlet slots. It is thus much closer to the purely cylindrical ideal form for internal combustion engines and thus has a higher efficiency and a cleaner combustion. This then less heat is dissipated into the interior of the piston. Heat accumulated here can damage an optionally installed permanent magnet, which generally accepts operating temperatures up to 150 degrees Celsius. So that the combustion in previous two-stroke free-piston engines with central Verbindungspleuel ( DE 30 29 287 C2 ), it is necessary to simultaneously ignite the combustion at at least two points equally distributed over the radius of the annular combustion chamber so that the combustion can be symmetrical with respect to the axis. In the solution according to the invention exactly one spark plug is mounted centrally in the axle. The combustion spreads from one point evenly in all directions and leads to a more even and clean combustion.

Furthermore, previous two-stroke free-piston engines, which exert pressure on their performance mimic pressure force in the start case, the problem that the piston is very easily misunderstood in the cylinder and a very high breakout force is required to overcome the friction. In the solution according to the invention, the connecting rods are guided repeatedly and equally distributed over the radius on the lateral surface. As a result, given the same tensile strength between these variants, the inventive solution is much more rigid. The bases of the combustion chamber and inlet diaphragm pistons remain strictly parallel to each other when excited by the combustion processes. The piston can be better guided and controlled in the cylinder, because the regulating magnetic circuits on the lateral surface can each be guided via a separate Verbindungspleuel and so are better decoupled from each other. Optionally located in the piston permanent magnets to amplify the exciter field are exposed due to the electromagnetic piston position control less mechanical shocks. With the claims 1 to 5 solutions are given for these problems with the help of the cylinder near Verbindungspleuel and the electromagnetic piston position control. An electromagnetic piston position control centers the piston in the cylinder via its magnetic forces. At the same time, a current is induced in the generator coil via the generation of a magnetic field by the electromagnetic piston position control, which can then be amplified by a permanent magnet in the piston and removed as a generator current. The inventive solution for the description of construction and function of the exciting coil assembly is described in the characterizing part of claim 5. At the same time, the electromagnetic Piston position control measured the axial position of the piston in the cylinder, from the injection and ignition can be determined. In comparable engines, this requires an additional measuring device, for example in the form of a light barrier or a reed relay with a suitable magnetic field in the piston.

Previously known two-stroke free-piston engines without additional valve train ( DE 30 29 287 C2 ) have led the connecting rod between the pistons easy and central. The magnetic circuits of the electromagnetic piston position control are induced by coils in the cylinder. Thus, no necessary electrical currents in the piston must be conductively fed. The inventive solution for the description of construction and function of the exciting coil assembly is described in the characterizing part of claim 5. The principle is similar in reluctance motors in which the magnetic field is also generated in the stator. However, the principle is adopted as a solution according to the invention for the current induction of linear generators, in which case simultaneously additionally take over several magnetic circuits via their controlled magnetic force, the function of the electromagnetic piston position control.

A variety of two-stroke engines are known in the art. For these it is known that engines with rinsing provide a better gas exchange and thus a cleaner combustion than aggregates with cross-scouring. The arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of claims 1 and 2 has the advantage that the exhaust behavior due to the combustion chamber shape and the shape of the outlet slots in the piston and cylinder over known arrangements with Längsspülverfahren can be further improved.

The inventive solution from claims 1 to 5 can also be modified so that the power is delivered in accordance with claim 6 rotationally on the connecting rod and crankshaft. The arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of claims 1 to 6 has the advantage that the exhaust behavior compared to known arrangements can be substantially improved that can be dispensed with a lubrication of the piston in the cylinder and still the advantages of their simple structure can be used.

By the central connecting rod between the sub-piston in the previous solution to DE 30 29 287 C2 a large part of the waste heat of combustion is discharged into the interior of the cylinder. In the solution according to the invention, the connection rods are located outside the point of incineration. As a result, there is less heat input into the interior of the piston and the connecting rods can emit more heat to the outside due to their position close to the cylinder and larger surface due to their design. Thus, a centrally mounted between the piston part magnet for generating an exciter field is much less exposed to heat and thus works longer lasting and reliable.

In four-stroke internal combustion engines, which are frequently used in industry, the cylinder head and connecting rod bearing are equipped with technical components and are not accessible. The piston base surfaces which can be freed from known arrangements in this case can be used in a simple manner to couple out electrical energy capacitively without restricting the advantages of the simple structure. In a four-stroke internal combustion engine or Zweitaktrotationskolbenmotor a required translational motion mimic two mutually movable capacitor electrodes would have to be created consuming.

Another combustion chamber-optimized design results from the use of intake valves in the double cylinder, which are operated via fixed cams in the cylinder. This leaves a gap between piston and valve, through which the fuel passes from the pre-compression into the combustion chamber. The inlet valves are closed when the fuel gas expands and when it is compressed. The valve is open when the fuel gas is passed from the precompression chamber into the combustion chamber. For this purpose, the gas exchange in the precompression chamber at the inlet takes place in phase. At the end of the expansion process, the fuel gas outlet takes place from the combustion chamber. The arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of claims 7 and 8 has the advantage that a particularly maintenance-friendly installation of spark plug and injection pump is made possible.

For a high efficiency of the engine with generator, it is advantageous to construct the piston with the lowest possible mass.

In the 17 .1 and 17.2 are in the piston mass-optimized, in the cylinder excited magnetic circuits ( 236 . 237 . 238 . 239 . 241 . 242 . 243 ) and the in-cylinder exciter coils ( 228 . 229 . 230 . 231 ). To improve the clarity piston and cylinder are not shown. In 17 .1 is the section through the magnetic circuit. The excitation coils characterize the magnetic fields ( 232 . 233 . 234 . 235 ) in the magnetic circuits. The partial magnetic circuits of the piston ( 237 . 239 . 242 . 243 ) pull the magnetic field by the stroke movement of the piston ( 232 . 233 . 234 . 235 ) with and induce in the individual Generator coils ( 17 .2 244 . 249 . 250 . 251 ) electrical voltages.

Is shown in 17 .2 only one winding of a generator coil ( 244 . 245 . 246 . 247 . 248 . 249 . 250 . 251 ). Over the stroke of the piston a plurality of windings are arranged in parallel on the lateral surface of the cylinder and connected in series. Furthermore, here are the perspective of the magnetic circuits 17 .1 drawn. The cylinder has 12 Magnetic fields in 8th Generator coils induce electrical voltages. The magnetic fields ( 233 . 234 . 235 and 236 ) on the upper end face of the cylinder induce voltage in the generator coils ( 244 . 249 . 250 and 251 ). The magnetic fields ( 252 . 253 . 254 and 255 ) in the middle of the cylinder induce voltage in the generator coils ( 245 . 246 . 249 and 251 ). The magnetic fields ( 252 . 253 . 254 and 255 ) on the lower end side of the cylinder induce voltage in the generator coils ( 245 . 246 . 247 and 248 ). The generator coils ( 245 . 246 . 249 and 251 ) are guided on the lateral surface. Since only radially guided conductors make a contribution to the voltage induction, these generator coils ( 245 . 246 . 249 and 251 ) are used twice by the magnetic fields, while the generator coils fed back to the base surfaces of the cylinder (FIG. 244 . 247 . 248 and 250 ) have only just radially guided conductor and so just get induced voltage.

The magnetic fields are on the lateral surface ( 251 . 249 . 245 . 246 ) or on the face ( 244 . 247 . 248 . 250 ) are returned in such a way that they induce the voltage with the same direction of voltage in the generator windings for a given magnetic field direction. For this purpose, the generator coils are linked and the induced voltage is added (arrow beginning at arrowhead of the preceding strand).

The idea is to make the magnetic circuit in the piston so that the magnetic field is guided by the shortest route and thus optimized for mass. The magnetic circuits in the piston are therefore designed as circular segments. This has the consequence that the generator coils ( 244 . 245 . 246 . 247 . 248 . 249 . 250 . 251 ) are guided in a quarter circle segment of the cylinder, in each of which two magnetic circuits induce a rectified current. At the same time, the generator coils are designed so that the radially guided conductors on the mantle surface of the cylinder are made as long as possible relative to their return conductors.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

cylinder chamber

2

piston

3

combustion chamber

4

precompression

5

Piston base area

6

cylinder

7

Fuel gas; unburned

8th

Fuel gas; burnt

9

spark plug

10

Surface of the precompression chamber

11

generator coil

12

carrier

13

Vorverdichtungskammereinlassschlitze

14

cylinder ring

15

exhaust port

16

cut

17

cut

18

cut

21

piston ring

22

piston ring

23

piston ring

24

Piston centerpiece

25

exhaust port

25

cut

26

cut

27

cut

27

cut

28

cut

28

cut

29

cut

30

arrow

31

cut

32

cut

33

cut

34

cut

35

cut

38

recesses

41

cut

42

cut

43

cut

44

cut

45

cut

46

cut

48

cut

51

cut

52

cut

53

cut

54

cut

55

cut

56

arrow

61

cut

62

cut

63

cut

64

cut

65

cut

70

arrow

71

cut

72

cut

73

cut

74

cut

75

cut

76

cut

77

cut

81

excitation coil

84

generator coil

85

magnetic field

86

supply

87

supply

90

piston

91

cylinder

92

excitation coil

93

piston

94

piston

95

magnetic field line

96

piston

97

magnetic field

98

generator coil

99

magnet

101

cylinder

102

piston

104

excitation winding

105

excitation winding

112

partial piston

113

connecting link

114

crankshaft

115

pleuel

116

connecting rod bearing

117

partial piston

121

anode

122

piston

124

piston

125

spark bracket

126

Vorverdichtungsmembran

127

management

129

piston

130

Induktivitiät

131

DC voltage source

132

battery

133

rectifier

134

capacitor

135

AC voltage source

136

anode

142

piston

143

crankshaft

144

pleuel

153

crankshaft

154

pleuel

155

connecting-rod

200

angle

201

Magnetic circuit control

202

Magnetic circuit control

203

Magnetic circuit control

204

Magnetic circuit control

206

tension

208

tension

209

AC

210

AC

211

AC

212

AC

213

Shuntinduktivität

214

Shuntinduktivität

215

Shuntinduktivität

216

Shuntinduktivität

218

magnetic flux

219

magnetic flux

217

magnetic flux

218

magnetic flux

219

magnetic flux

220

magnetic flux

221

magnetic force

222

magnetic force

224

gap

225

gap

226

magnetic flux

227

magnetic flux

228

excitation coil

229

excitation coil

230

excitation coil

231

excitation coil

232

magnetic field

233

magnetic field

234

magnetic field

235

magnetic field

236

Magnetic circuit cylinder

237

Magnetic circuit piston

238

Magnetic circuit cylinder

239

Magnetic circuit piston

240

Magnetic circuit cylinder

241

Magnetic circuit piston

242

Magnetic circuit cylinder

243

Magnetic circuit piston

244

generator coil

245

generator coil

246

generator coil

247

generator coil

248

generator coil

249

generator coil

250

generator coil

251

generator coil

252

magnetic field

253

magnetic field

254

magnetic field

255

magnetic field

256

magnetic field

257

magnetic field

258

magnetic field

259

magnetic field

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 508725 [0007]
• DE 3029287 C2 [0009, 0065, 0086, 0088, 0091]
• DE 3103432 A1 [0010]
• DE 102009040051 B4 [0010]
• DE 3342183 A1 [0011]
• DE 10257943 A1 [0011]
• DE 19537055 A1 [0011]
• DE 19911669 A1 [0011]
• DE 102006059557 A1 [0011]
• US 2006/0196456 A1 [0011]

Claims (11)

Two-stroke free-piston engine with one in a cylinder (6, 91, 101) reversibly movable, designed as a double piston piston (2, 90, 93, 94, 96, 102, 122, 124, 129, 142), with a pre-compression chamber (4) and two each having a spark plug (9) having combustion chamber (3), wherein the piston (2, 90, 93, 94, 96, 102, 122, 124, 129, 142) has two interconnected part pistons (112, 117), characterized in that the two partial pistons (112, 117) are connected to one another via a plurality of symmetrical and / or uniformly distributed connecting rods (115, 144, 154) radially spaced apart from the central axis of the cylinder, in particular close to the cylindrical piston lateral surface. Two-stroke free-piston engine after Claim 1 , characterized in that the connecting rods (115, 144, 154) are designed for gas exchange as inlet valve slots ring segment and / or stepped. Two-stroke free-piston engine after the Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the two-stroke free-piston engine is kinematically coupled to a power generator. Two-stroke free-piston engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cylinder (6, 91, 101) has a plurality of partial cylinders and that over the radius of the respective sub-cylinder at least three magnetic fields (85, 97) excited by coils are impressed. Two-stroke free-piston engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two-stroke free-piston engine is equipped with a piston position control, by means of the determinable Gesamtinduktivität a magnetic circuit on ratio formation of the respective Magnetkreisinduktivitiäten and therefrom the radial position of the piston (2, 90, 93, 94, 96 , 102, 122, 124, 129, 142) in the cylinder (6, 91, 101) and used as controlled variables. Two-stroke free piston engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the kinetic energy generated by the double piston by means of at least one connecting rod (115, 144, 154) on at least one rotationally movable crankshaft (114, 143, 153) is transferable. Two-stroke free-piston engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the gas exchange for the fuel gas inlet between the precompression chamber (4) and the combustion chamber (3) and / or for the fuel gas outlet between the combustion chamber (3) and outside area by means of valves mounted in the respective piston crown , which can be actuated via fixed cams in the respective sub-cylinder. Two-stroke free-piston engine after Claim 7 , characterized in that the spark plug (9) and / or an injection pump are mounted externally accessible in the respective cylinder bottom. Two-stroke free-piston engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the piston (2, 90, 93, 94, 96, 102, 122, 124, 129, 142) has an additional inlet membrane and in the respective double cylinder in each case an additional second precompression chamber is arranged , Two-stroke free piston engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the piston (2, 90, 93, 94, 96, 102, 122, 124, 129, 142) on its lateral surface radially acting permanent magnets (99) are arranged to by means of Induction of magnetic fields (85, 97) in generator coils located in the cylinder (11, 84, 98) to generate a generator current. Two-stroke free piston engine according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the piston (2, 90, 93, 94, 96, 102, 122, 124, 129, 142) on its lateral surface radially acting permanent magnets (99) or by means of excitation coils (228 , 229, 231, 232) in the cylinder embossed magnetic circuits (236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243) are arranged in order by means of induction of magnetic fields (85, 97, 232, 233, 234, 235, 252 , 253, 254, 255, 256, 257, 258, 259) in generating coils in the cylinder (11, 84, 98, 244, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250, 251) to generate a generator current.

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