DE102017005662A1 - Measuring device for the examination of sliding boards - Google Patents

Abstract

Measuring device (1) for inspecting sliding boards (2), with a sensor surface (3) on which at least one sliding board (2) can be placed and a sensor layer (4) in a plurality of sensor surface portions (5) in the longitudinal and transverse directions at least is predominantly divided, wherein the sensor surface portions (5) each have at least one force sensor that outputs the force acting on the sensor surface portion (5) force as an electrical signal, the measuring device (1) on the provided for contact with the sliding board (2) side outer sliding layer (6), which is intended to allow sliding of the sliding board (2) on the sensor surface (3).

Description

The invention relates to a measuring device for the examination of sliding boards, with a sensor surface on the at least one sliding board can be placed and a sensor layer which is at least predominantly divided into a plurality of sensor surface sections in the longitudinal and transverse directions, wherein the sensor surface portions each have at least one force sensor the force acting on the sensor surface portion outputs as an electrical signal.

The driving characteristics of gliding boards depend, among other things, on how the pressure exerted by a person on the gliding board is distributed over the sliding surface of the gliding board. For example, cross-country skis may benefit when the cross-country skier's weight is evenly distributed over the entire cross-country skiing surface. The pressure distribution is not only dependent on the nature of the sliding board, but rather results from the combination of gliding board, ski shoe and individual physiological characteristics of the driver. Therefore, it is particularly interesting for sports and Skiverkaufsgeschäfte to examine a sliding board on the spot individually for each customer in order to provide based on a measurement an optimal sliding board for a customer.

For measuring the pressure distribution of sliding boards, sensor layers may be used, which are divided into a plurality of sensor surface sections, each having at least one force sensor which outputs an electrical signal. A computer unit evaluates the electrical signals of the individual sensor surface sections, so that a spatially resolved force surface distribution can be determined by the computer unit. From the force surface distribution can be determined taking into account the surface of a sensor surface section, a pressure distribution for the entire sensor surface. Such pressure measuring plates typically have rubber-like materials on the outer surface which is loaded with the sliding board, which have a high degree of friction for sliding surfaces of sliding boards. In combination with the large bearing surface of gliding boards, this means that the position of the gliding boards with respect to the sensor surface is difficult to change, so that the gliding boards can only be measured statically - at one position.

For the assessment of the gliding board as well as the position and / or the movement of the person loading the gliding board, it is advantageous not only to evaluate the static case but also to perform a dynamic measurement in which the gliding board moves over the sensor surface and the Pressure distribution is measured time-resolved. Thus, when assessing a ski, it may be of interest to measure the pressure distribution of the ski as the person skis or descends. In particular, it may be of interest during ski jumping to precisely determine the pressure distribution of the sliding surface at the time of take-off and, with the aid of this information, to optimally adapt the sliding board to the athlete. Respectively to optimize the movement of the athlete so that it achieves the widest possible jump.

The object of the underlying invention is to provide a measuring device for examining gliding boards, which makes it possible in a simple way to dynamically determine a force surface distribution and / or pressure distribution of a loaded gliding board under realistic conditions, in particular a gliding board on a person adapt.

The object is achieved by means of a measuring arrangement with the technical features of claim 1.

The measuring device for achieving the object is characterized in that on the side provided for contact with the sliding board has an outer sliding layer, which is intended to allow sliding of the sliding board on the sensor surface.

The provision of an outer sliding layer makes it possible to slide with the sliding board on the sensor surface and thus to measure the pressure distribution during a movement of the sliding board. The movement of the sliding boards can preferably be caused by the person wearing the sliding board. With the aid of a sensor surface with the sliding layer and a sensor layer with a multiplicity of sensor surface sections distributed in the longitudinal and transverse direction, a spatially resolved dynamic measurement of the pressure distribution under as real conditions as possible is possible. Advantageously, deformations of the sliding board can thus be measured two-dimensionally under dynamic loading.

The sensor surface of the measuring device has a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, wherein the sliding board can preferably be placed with its longitudinal direction in the longitudinal direction of the sensor surface. The area above the sensor surface is preferably free, so that a person with sliding board finds space and can enter and drive the sensor surface without any obstacle. Advantageously, this allows an individual measurement of a sliding board in dependence on the person who loads the sliding board, under realistic conditions as possible.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sliding board is a ski, in particular an alpine ski, a cross-country ski, a snowboard or a jumping ski. In this way, the measuring arrangement according to the invention makes it possible to measure ski rims whose driving characteristics are decisively dependent on the pressure distribution and which require a sliding surface for examination when used as intended. The measuring arrangement is preferably used in sports and ski shops to make an individual Gleitbrettauswahl or customize the sliding board to the person. In particular, the measuring arrangement also allows the adaptation and preparation of gliding boards in competition situations directly. As well as the optimization of movement sequences, especially in competition situations.

A variant of the invention, which is preferably used for ski-surfing, is characterized in that the sensor surface in the longitudinal direction has a length of 75 cm to 300 cm and in the transverse direction has a width of 40 to 150 cm. Such dimensions of the sensor surface make it possible to measure commercial full length skibires either individually or in parallel. For better simulation of real conditions, several measuring devices according to the invention can be strung together in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sliding layer of the measuring device has a structure of elevations on its outer surface. These elevations are preferably designed knob-shaped. By providing knob-like elevations, the contact area between the sliding surface of the sliding board and the sliding layer is reduced, since substantially the elevations come into contact with the sliding layer of the sliding board. Nub-like elevations, which typically have a curved surface, additionally reduce the friction between the two surfaces. Advantageously, this reduces the frictional resistance of the sliding board on the sensor surface and thus allows sliding on the sensor surface.

In a further embodiment, two mutually adjacent elevations have a distance which is smaller than a distance between two centers of adjacent sensor surface sections. Distance is here the distance in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the sensor surface meant. It is thus achieved that at least one elevation is assigned to each sensor surface section of the sensor layer. As a result, when the sliding layer is loaded, the pressure exerted on the elevations is transmitted uniformly to the sensor surface sections, whereby it is prevented that only the sensor surface sections of the sensor layer are loaded, which is offset by a projection. If the distances from adjacent elevations were greater than the distance between the centers of two adjacent sensor surface sections, it would no longer be possible to load all sensor surface sections with a pressure, so that the measured pressure distribution would have minima that would be perceived as dark areas, for example in a false color representation. The adaptation of the distance of the elevations with the position and size of the sensor surface sections thus has the advantage that a gapless pressure distribution is measured and all sensor surface sections can be used in the determination of the pressure distribution.

An embodiment of the invention based thereon provides that the elevations of the sliding layer comprise plastic, ceramic or carbon. These materials have low frictional resistance for the typical sliding surface materials of gliding boards, especially the materials of ski boards, so that sliding is facilitated. In addition, it is relatively soft materials, so that a change in the sliding surface of the sliding boards, for example by abrasion, prevented or at least reduced.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the sliding layer is formed by a textile. A textile in the context of the invention braids, woven or knitted fabric to understand. The advantage of textiles is that they typically have a surface structure that has recesses and elevations distributed over the surface. Particularly in the case of woven and knitted fabrics, there is a periodic surface structure distributed over the surface. This allows a simple overlap with the Sensorflächenabschitten the sensor layer. In addition, textiles are typically stretchable in the surface so that they yield to a pressure exerted on the surface of the textile. At the same time, the fibers themselves may be less elastic, for example in carbon fibers, so that the pressure of the sliding board will be transmitted to the sensor layer of the measuring device.

A further development of the invention provides that the textile overlay has nodes, wherein the distance between two adjacent nodes is smaller than a distance between two centers of adjacent sensor surface sections. For the purposes of the invention, knots of the textile are to be understood as elevations which generate a pressure point on a surface load on the sensor surface. The adaptation of the distance of the nodes, respectively elevations, with the position and size of the sensor surface sections has the advantage that a homogeneous pressure distribution is measured and all sensor surface sections in the Determination of the pressure distribution can be used.

Preferably, the textile overlay of the measuring device is formed by fibers comprising carbon or plastic. These materials have reduced frictional resistance for typical slipboard sliding surface materials. As the fiber material, particular carbon is preferable because this material has a comparatively low frictional resistance. In addition, by carbon fibers, a change in the sliding surface of the sliding boards, for example by abrasion, prevented or at least reduced. Carbon mats are particularly suitable for the practical implementation of a textile overlay with carbon fibers, since these are produced for the construction of lightweight in a variety of designs in high numbers, or square footage, and thus are inexpensive. In addition, carbon mats are stretchable in the surface so that they yield under a load that is normal to the surface. At the same time, the fibers are comparatively hard so that the pressure exerted on the carbon mat is effectively transferred to the sensor layer.

An alternative embodiment of the invention provides that the sliding layer is formed by a metal sheet. Particularly preferred is an aluminum sheet or a stainless steel sheet. Metal sheets have lower frictional resistance as compared to the usual rubbery sensor surfaces of printing plates. In addition, metal sheets are robust to mechanical stress, so that they provide effective protection for the sensor layer even at low thicknesses.

Preferably, the sliding layer has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 20 mm, particularly preferably 0.2 mm to 5 mm. On the one hand, the sliding layer must not be too thin, so that it itself withstands mechanical stress through the sliding board.

On the other hand, the sliding layer must not be too thick, so that it passes on the pressure exerted by the sliding board as directly as possible to the sensor layer. Too thick a sliding layer would not only have the disadvantage that a fraction of the force generated by the sliding board would be transmitted to the sensor layer, but also that a force exerted selectively on the sliding surface would be distributed over a larger area of the sensor layer. As a result, the resolution of the measuring device would deteriorate. The specified preferred thickness of the sliding layer is a compromise.

For the sliding layer of the invention, it is preferred that this has a sliding friction coefficient of less than 0.1 for sliding boards with a sliding surface preferably comprising polyethylene, more preferably less than 0.05. With such a coefficient of sliding friction, it is possible that a person can drive a sliding board on the sensor surface and in this way the pressure behavior under realistic conditions as possible is examined.

An additional embodiment of the invention provides that an additional liquid film is applied to the sliding layer, which additionally reduces the friction of the sliding board on the sliding surface.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the sliding layer itself is a fluid layer. This is preferably applied before the measurement as the uppermost layer, so that the sliding board can slide on the fluid film.

An embodiment of the invention provides that a protective layer is arranged between the sliding layer and the sensor layer. This protective layer is intended to protect the sensor layer, which is typically relatively sensitive to punctiform mechanical stress. This is particularly necessary if the sliding layer itself offers only a small degree of protection, which may be the case, for example, for comparatively thin textiles which are extensible in the surface. The protective layer preferably comprises a rubber-like material, in particular rubber, since, because of its elasticity, it transfers the pressure to the sensor layer and at the same time is resistant to mechanical loads.

Alternatively, the invention provides that the sliding layer is arranged directly on the sensor layer. This eliminates the application of an additional protective layer, which in particular allows a simpler and more cost-effective production of the measuring device. In this case, the protective function of the protective layer is taken over by the sliding layer, which must therefore be robust with respect to mechanical loads. This can be achieved for example by an elastic solid, which has a knob-like surface structure.

In a variant of the invention, the measuring device is tilted in normal use relative to a horizontal. Because the measuring device is inclined with respect to the horizontal, it is possible to simulate certain slopes of a ski track, so that the pressure distribution of the ski under realistic conditions can also be measured. In particular, the inclination can be varied depending on the examining sliding board. For example, a cross-country ski is typically used at low inclination, whereas a jump ski is used at a high incline.

A further embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the measuring device has guide grooves for the sliding boards on its outside in the longitudinal direction, wherein at least the sections coming into contact with the sliding boards have a sliding layer. In this way, a guidance of the sliding boards is achieved in the longitudinal direction, which is particularly advantageous in cross-country skis or jump skis, as they can be dynamically examined under conditions of use. For example, the measuring device can be positioned at the jump-off point of a ski jump in order to detect in this way the pressure distribution at the time of take-off. These data could then be used to improve the jumping behavior of the skier or to provide the spectators with further information about the jump.

Preferably, the sensor layer 8th to 1000 especially 20 to 500 Sensor surface sections per dm ² has. Such a number of sensor surface sections per dm ² allows a sufficient spatial resolution of the force surface distribution and / or pressure distribution. In particular, pressure distribution differences in the transverse direction of the sliding board can be detected with such a resolution. As a result, individual physiological differences of persons can be measured. In particular, such a spatial resolution is also sufficient to measure production-related deformations of a sliding board. The sensor surface sections may have any desired geometries, it being possible for circular, elliptical or polygonal sensor surface sections to be provided. However, it has been found that sensor surface sections are preferably rectangular or square in design and in particular have a width of 1 mm to 30 mm. A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the sensor surface dissolves a pressure measuring range of 0 to 80 N / cm ^2, particularly preferably 0 to 40 N / cm ² . By such a pressure measuring range, pressures are measurable, which are typically generated by sliding boards, which are burdened with average people on the sliding surfaces. The pressure measuring range of 0 to 80 N / cm ² is particularly sufficient to detect dynamic loads of the sliding surfaces.

In a preferred embodiment, the force sensors are designed as capacitance sensors, resistive sensors, piezosensors and / or thin-film sensors. Such sensors can be realized in a planar manner, so that a sensor layer according to the invention can be realized from these sensors. It has been found that in particular capacitance sensors with regard to sensitivity, robustness and large-area applicability are preferably to be used as force sensors. It is provided according to the invention that the signals of the sensor surface sections are evaluated by means of a computer unit, wherein force sensors which measure force acting on the sensor surface sections at defined time intervals, so that a dynamic measurement can be performed by the computer unit. Advantageously, the time intervals are in a range of 0.1 ms to 100 ms, or at a measurement frequency of 10 Hz to 10 kHz, to detect a jump dynamics or dynamics with the measuring arrangement according to the invention. Particularly preferred is a measurement frequency of 100 Hz to 10 kHz.

• 1 eine skizzenartige Seitenansicht der Messvorrichtung, und
• 2 eine skizzenartige Hinteransicht der Messvorrichtung mit Führungsnuten.

Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to figures. Show it:

• 1 a sketch-like side view of the measuring device, and
• 2 a sketch-like rear view of the measuring device with guide grooves.

In 1 is an embodiment of the measuring device according to the invention 1 for the examination of gliding boards 2 shown schematically in a side view. The measuring device 1 includes a sensor surface 3 on the a sliding board 2 can be placed. In addition, the measuring arrangement includes 1 a sensor layer 4 placed in a variety of sensor surface sections 5 divided in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The side view 1 shows the division in the longitudinal direction. Each sensor surface section 5 has at least one force sensor, which on the sensor surface portion 5 determines acting force and outputs as an electrical signal. The sensor surface 3 the measuring device 1 is partially loaded with a pressure, which in the case shown by a person 10 , a foot recording unit 9 and the sliding board 2 is exerted on the sensor surface. Preferably, the sliding board 2 as sketched to a ski and at the foot recording unit 9 around a ski shoe. By the force sensors of the surface distributed sensor surface sections 5 the sensor layer 4 is taking into account the size of the sensor surface sections 5 determines a pressure distribution. Based on the measured pressure distribution is individual for the person 10 an optimal combination of sliding board 2 and foot-receiving element 9 determinable. A measuring device 1 as they are in 1 is shown, is therefore advantageously used in a sports or ski sales, with an optimal solution for the customer can be determined metrologically on the spot. The measured pressure distribution can also be used to the sliding board 2 and / or the foot receiving element 7 to adapt to the person.

To obtain a time-resolved, respectively dynamic, measurement, the signals in read out at defined intervals. Preferably, the time interval is in a range of 0.1 ms to 100 ms, or at a measuring frequency of 10 Hz to 10 kHz, to detect a running dynamics with the measuring arrangement according to the invention. Particularly preferred is a measurement frequency of 100 Hz to 10 kHz.

To determine a pressure distribution under real operating conditions, the surface must be adapted to the actual conditions. For this, the measuring device has, as in 1 represented according to the invention via an outer sliding layer 6 on the the sliding board 2 can slide. This is the person 10 possible on the overlay 2 to slide the measuring device and thus the pressure distribution at one for the sliding board 2 to determine typical movement. In this way it is possible the material, so the sliding board 2 and the foot pictures 9 , to optimize or to select specifically or the movement of the person 10 to optimize in terms of pressure distribution. This can be for various sliding boards 2 be of interest, but particularly preferred here are sliding boards 2 which lie mostly flat, especially cross-country skis or ski jump.

The sliding layer 6 has in a preferred embodiment, as not shown in the figures, on its outer surface on a structure with a plurality of knob-like elevations. These are intended for the contact surface to the sliding board 2 to reduce and thus to achieve a reduced friction, in particular sliding friction. Preferably, the distance of two adjacent knobs is smaller than the distance between two centers of adjacent sensor surface portions 5 , In this way, a measurement of the pressure distribution is achieved, at which the pressure from the sensor surface 3 on all sensor surface sections 5 is transferable. The nubs have as preferred materials plastic, ceramic or carbon, to a low friction with the typical materials of sliding surfaces of the sliding boards 2 to achieve.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the sliding layer 6 a textile. This has the advantage that textiles usually have a surface structure with elevations and depressions, so that the contact surface between the textile overlay 6 to the sliding board 2 is reduced. The elevations of the textiles, here called knots, are distributed periodically over the surface of the textile. Preferably, adjacent accounts of the textile have a spacing which is smaller than the distance between two center points of adjacent sensor surface sections 5 , In this way, a complete determination of the pressure distribution is achieved. The fibers of the textile overlay 6 preferably have plastic or carbon. Particularly preferred are carbon mats, since the carbon has a low friction, the mats are stretchable in the surface and the fibers themselves are relatively hard.

The sliding layer 6 preferably has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 20 mm, more preferably 0.2 mm to 5 mm. With such a material thickness ensures that the overlay 6 the mechanical requirements by the support of a sliding board 2 Stands up. In addition, the thickness of the sliding layer may 6 not too big, so that on the overlay 6 applied pressure to the sensor layer 4 transmitted and not absorbed.

Preferably, the sliding layer 6 for sliding boards 2 , which preferably comprise polyethylene, a sliding friction coefficient of less than 0.1. Particularly preferred is a sliding friction coefficient of less than 0.05. This is at least a glide on the sensor surface 3 possible.

As in 1 is shown between the sliding layer 6 and the sensor layer 4 a protective layer 7 arranged. The protective layer 7 is provided for the sensor layer 4 to protect against external influences. In particular, before an abrupt mechanical stress. For this purpose, the protective layer preferably comprises a rubber-like material, in particular rubber, since this is hard-wearing and dampens mechanical effects.

In an embodiment of the invention, not shown, is the measuring device 1 tilted in normal use against a horizontal.

This allows certain operating conditions of the sliding boards 2 simulate. This is especially true for skis used in downhill and / or driveway.

2 shows the schematic view of a measuring device according to the invention 1 in the rear view. The sensor layer 4 is in the longitudinal and transverse direction in a plurality of sensor surface sections 5 split, with in 2 the division is shown in the transverse direction. At the in 2 illustrated embodiment, the measuring device 1 on its outer, in the intended use top, side in the longitudinal direction guide grooves 8th for the sliding boards 2 on. The guide grooves 8th are intended to create conditions as they are in normal use. The guide grooves 8th are especially designed for the measurement of cross-country skis or jump skis. The sliding layer 6 is located at least in the portion of the sensor surface 3 that with the sliding boards 2 comes into contact.

Preferably, the sensor surface 3 in the longitudinal direction, a length of 75 cm to 300 cm and in the transverse direction, a width of 40 to 150 cm. Such a sensor surface allows typical sliding boards 2 hang up and measure. For dynamic measurement of the pressure distribution over a greater distance, a plurality of measuring devices 1 strung together.

The sensor layer 4 preferred 8th to 500 Sensor surface sections 4 per dm ² , where it has been found that 20 to 200 Surface segments per dm ^{2 are} particularly preferred. Such a sensor surface section density allows a sufficient spatial resolution of the force surface distribution in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The sensor surface sections 5 are preferably rectangular or square and have a width of 1 mm to 30 mm. Each sensor surface section 5 has at least one force sensor, which is designed as a capacitance sensor, resistive sensor, piezoelectric sensor and / or thin-film sensor. Such sensors enable reliable performance of the force sensors with a sensitivity sufficient to withstand typical pressures on the sliding surface of the sliding board 2 be exercised to measure.

The underlying invention makes it possible to perform a dynamic measurement of the pressure distribution of sliding boards in a simple manner, so that on the basis of this data, the material or the movement of the driver can be optimized.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1.

measuring device

Second

sliding board

Third

sensor surface

4th

sensor layer

5th

Sensor surface section

6th

Overlay

7th

protective layer

8th.

guide

9th

Fußaufnahmeeinheit

10th

person

Claims (14)

Measuring device (1) for inspecting sliding boards (2), with a sensor surface (3) on which at least one sliding board (2) can be placed and a sensor layer (4) in a plurality of sensor surface portions (5) in the longitudinal and transverse directions at least is predominantly divided, wherein the sensor surface portions (5) each have at least one force sensor which outputs the force acting on the sensor surface portion (5) force as an electrical signal, characterized in that the measuring device (1) on the for contact with the sliding board (2 ) provided on an outer sliding layer (6), which is intended to allow sliding of the sliding board (2) on the sensor surface (3). Measuring device (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the sliding layer (6) has on its outer surface a structure of elevations, which are in particular knob-shaped. Measuring device (1) after Claim 2 , characterized in that two mutually adjacent elevations have a distance which is smaller than a distance between two centers of adjacent sensor surface portions (5). Measuring device (1) after Claim 2 or 3 , characterized in that the elevations plastic, ceramic or carbon. Measuring device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the sliding layer (6) is a textile. Measuring device (1) after Claim 5 , characterized in that the textile overlay (6) has nodes as elevations, wherein the distance between two adjacent nodes is smaller than a distance between two centers of adjacent sensor surface sections (5). Measuring device (1) according to one of Claims 4 to 6 , characterized in that the textile overlay (6) comprises fibers of carbon or plastic, in particular of carbon. Measuring device (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the sliding layer (6) is a metal sheet, in particular an aluminum sheet or a stainless steel sheet. Measuring device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding layer (6) has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 20 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 5 mm. Measuring device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sliding layer (6) for sliding boards (2) having a sliding surface preferably having polyethylene has a sliding friction coefficient of less than 0.1, preferably less than 0.05. Measuring device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that between the sliding layer (6) and the sensor layer (4) a protective layer (7) is arranged, in particular wherein the protective layer comprises rubber. Measuring device (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 10 , characterized in that the sliding layer (6) is arranged directly on the sensor layer (4), in particular glued. Measuring device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is inclined in normal use relative to a horizontal. Measuring device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has guide grooves (8) for the sliding boards (2) on its outer side in the longitudinal direction, at least the sections coming into contact with the sliding boards (2) having a sliding layer (6). exhibit.

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