DE102014214556A1 - Tank system and method for refueling - Google Patents
Tank system and method for refueling Download PDFInfo
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- DE102014214556A1 DE102014214556A1 DE102014214556.2A DE102014214556A DE102014214556A1 DE 102014214556 A1 DE102014214556 A1 DE 102014214556A1 DE 102014214556 A DE102014214556 A DE 102014214556A DE 102014214556 A1 DE102014214556 A1 DE 102014214556A1
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
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- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003915 liquefied petroleum gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
- F17C5/007—Automated filling apparatus for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
- F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
- F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
- F17C2225/044—Localisation of the filling point in the gas at several points, e.g. with a device for recondensing gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
- F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
- F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
- F17C2225/047—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid with a dip tube
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
- F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
- F17C2250/0605—Parameters
- F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
- F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
- F17C2260/021—Avoiding over pressurising
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
- F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
- F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refuelling vehicle fuel tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Ein Tanksystem (10) mit einem Drucktank (12) zur Aufnahme eines Fluids und einer Einfüllleitung (14) ist beschrieben, mit einer Ausströmöffnung (18), über die das Fluid in den Drucktank (12) strömt. Ferner ist ein Steuerelement (20) in der Einfüllleitung (14) und/oder an der Ausströmöffnung (18) vorgesehen, das den Massenstrom des Fluids derart steuert, dass das Fluid zumindest teilweise ringwirbelförmig in den Drucktank (12) strömt. Des Weiteren ist ein Verfahren zur Betankung eines Drucktanks (12) eines Tanksystems (10) beschrieben.A tank system (10) with a pressure tank (12) for receiving a fluid and a filling line (14) is described, with an outflow opening (18) through which the fluid flows into the pressure tank (12). Furthermore, a control element (20) is provided in the filling line (14) and / or at the outflow opening (18) which controls the mass flow of the fluid in such a way that the fluid at least partially flows into the pressure tank (12) like a ring vortex. Furthermore, a method for refueling a pressure tank (12) of a tank system (10) is described.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Tanksystem sowie ein Verfahren zur Betankung eines Drucktanks eines Tanksystems für ein Kraftfahrzeug.The invention relates to a tank system and a method for refueling a pressure tank of a tank system for a motor vehicle.
Kraftfahrzeuge mit einem Tanksystem, das einen Drucktank für beispielsweise Erdgas, Autogas oder Wasserstoff aufweist, sind heutzutage immer beliebter, da sie eine Alternative zu rein konventionellen Kraftfahrzeugen mit einem Verbrennungsmotor darstellen. Bei derartigen Kraftfahrzeugen kann es sich um Hybridfahrzeuge handeln, die neben einem konventionellen Verbrennungsmotor einen weiteren Antrieb aufweisen, sowie um Kraftfahrzeuge, die ausschließlich mit einem Fluid wie Erdgas, Autogas oder Wasserstoff betrieben werden. Bei einem derartigen Kraftfahrzeug wird das Fluid in den Drucktank druckbeaufschlagt eingeleitet, sodass eine große Menge des Fluids komprimiert im Drucktank gespeichert werden kann. Das Fluid wird dabei über eine Einfüllleitung des Tanksystems dem Drucktank zugeführt, wobei die Einfüllleitung eine Ausströmöffnung aufweist, die unmittelbar in den Drucktank mündet. Der Drucktank weist im Vergleich zur Einfüllleitung ein wesentlich größeres Volumen auf, was zur Folge hat, dass das eingefüllte Fluid relativ unkontrolliert in den Drucktank einströmt.Automotive vehicles with a tank system having a pressurized tank for, for example, natural gas, LPG or hydrogen are becoming increasingly popular nowadays as they represent an alternative to purely conventional motor vehicles with an internal combustion engine. Such motor vehicles can be hybrid vehicles which have a further drive in addition to a conventional internal combustion engine, as well as motor vehicles which are operated exclusively with a fluid such as natural gas, LPG or hydrogen. In such a motor vehicle, the fluid is introduced into the pressure tank pressurized, so that a large amount of the fluid can be compressed stored in the pressure tank. The fluid is supplied to the pressure tank via a filling line of the tank system, wherein the filling line has an outflow opening, which opens directly into the pressure tank. The pressure tank has a much larger volume compared to the filling line, with the result that the filled fluid flows into the pressure tank relatively uncontrolled.
Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass in Abhängigkeit von der Geometrie des Drucktanks lokale Ansammlungen des eingefüllten, komprimierten Fluids auftreten können, die eine starke Erhitzung der Gehäusewand des Drucktanks zur Folge hat. Diese lokalen Ansammlungen werden auch als „Hot Spots” bezeichnet. Die „Hot Spots” erwärmen den Drucktank sowie dessen Gehäusewand inhomogen, was zu einer partiellen Beschädigung des Drucktanks führen kann. Des Weiteren reduziert sich die Lebensdauer des Drucktanks aufgrund der thermischen Belastungen, die mit diesen lokalen Erwärmungen einhergehen.It has been found that, depending on the geometry of the pressure tank, local accumulations of the filled, compressed fluid may occur, resulting in excessive heating of the housing wall of the pressure tank. These local collections are also referred to as "hot spots". The "hot spots" heat the pressure tank and its housing wall inhomogeneous, which can lead to a partial damage to the pressure tank. Furthermore, the service life of the pressure tank is reduced due to the thermal stresses associated with these localized heating.
Ein weiterer Nachteil ist es, dass die Füllmenge des Drucktanks über die Temperatur berechnet wird, weshalb lokale Erwärmungen das berechnete Ergebnis der Füllmenge verfälschen. Aufgrund dessen kann es zu einer unvollständigen Befüllung oder gar zu einem Überfüllen des Drucktanks kommen. Ein Abwarten bis die lokalen Erwärmungen abgeklungen sind, verzögert den Betankungs- bzw. Befüllungsprozess, was ebenfalls unerwünscht ist.A further disadvantage is that the filling quantity of the pressure tank is calculated via the temperature, which is why local heating falsifies the calculated result of the filling quantity. Due to this, incomplete filling or even overfilling of the pressure tank can occur. Waiting until the local warming has subsided delays the refueling process, which is also undesirable.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Tanksystem sowie ein Verfahren zur Betankung bereitzustellen, mit denen es möglich ist, den Drucktank gleichmäßig zu befüllen und eine hohe Lebensdauer zu garantieren.The object of the invention is to provide a tank system and a method for refueling, with which it is possible to fill the pressure tank evenly and to guarantee a long service life.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch ein Tanksystem gelöst, mit einem Drucktank zur Aufnahme eines Fluids und einer Einfüllleitung mit einer Ausströmöffnung, über die das Fluid in den Drucktank strömt, wobei ein Steuerelement in der Einfüllleitung und/oder an der Ausströmöffnung vorgesehen ist, das den Massenstrom des Fluids derart steuert, dass das Fluid zumindest teilweise ringwirbelförmig in den Drucktank strömt.The object is achieved by a tank system, with a pressure tank for receiving a fluid and a filling line with an outflow opening, through which the fluid flows into the pressure tank, wherein a control element is provided in the filling line and / or at the outflow opening, the mass flow controls the fluid such that the fluid flows at least partially annular vortex in the pressure tank.
Der Grundgedanke der Erfindung ist es, den Massenstrom des einströmenden Fluids zu steuern, sodass lokale Erwärmungen des komprimierten Fluids im Drucktank vermieden werden. Hierzu werden ringwirbelförmige Strömungen des Fluids erzeugt, die einen stabilen Transport des Fluids durch den Drucktank ermöglichen. Ein erzeugter Ringwirbel ist torusförmig ausgebildet, wobei das den Ringwirbel ausbildende Fluid poloidal um das Torusvolumen rotiert, sodass der Ringwirbel stabil ist und sich durch das Volumen des Drucktanks bewegen kann. Hierdurch wird eine lokale Ansammlung des Fluids im Drucktank vermieden, da die Ringwirbel den Drucktank im Wesentlichen gleichförmig bis zu dessen Ende durchlaufen können.The basic idea of the invention is to control the mass flow of the inflowing fluid so that local heating of the compressed fluid in the pressure tank is avoided. For this purpose, vortex-shaped flows of the fluid are generated, which enable stable transport of the fluid through the pressure tank. A generated ring vortex is formed toroidal, wherein the fluid forming the ring vortex rotates poloidally around the torus volume, so that the ring vortex is stable and can move through the volume of the pressure tank. In this way, a local accumulation of the fluid in the pressure tank is avoided, since the ring vortices can pass through the pressure tank substantially uniformly until its end.
Ein Aspekt der Erfindung sieht vor, dass eine Steuerung vorgesehen ist, die das Steuerelement pulsierend ansteuert, sodass das Fluid zumindest teilweise ringwirbelförmig in den Drucktank strömt. Über die pulsierende Ansteuerung wird erreicht, dass sich mehrere Ringwirbel in vordefinierten Abständen ausbilden können. Des Weiteren ist über eine Steuerung eine unterschiedliche Pulsation einstellbar, sodass die Erzeugung von Ringwirbeln mit unterschiedlichen Fluiden möglich ist. Unterschiedliche Fluide können eine voneinander abweichende Dichte aufweisen, was zu unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften hinsichtlich der Erzeugung von Ringwirbeln führen kann. Auf diese Unterschiede kann die Steuerung reagieren, sodass das angesteuerte Steuerelement universal einsetzbar ist.One aspect of the invention provides that a control is provided which activates the control in a pulsating manner, so that the fluid at least partially flows into the pressure tank in a ring-vortex-like manner. The pulsating activation ensures that several ring vertebrae can form at predefined intervals. Furthermore, a different pulsation can be set via a controller, so that the generation of ring vortices with different fluids is possible. Different fluids can have a different density, which can lead to different properties with respect to the generation of ring vortices. The controller can react to these differences so that the controlled control element can be used universally.
Insbesondere ist das Steuerelement ein Ventil. Über das Ventil kann der Massenstrom des Fluids in der Einfüllleitung oder an der Ausströmöffnung pulsierend geöffnet und geschlossen werden, sodass das Fluid beim Eintritt in den Drucktank einen Ringwirbel erzeugt, der auch Vortex genannt wird. Dieses Prinzip entspricht im übertragenen Sinne dem Erzeugen von sogenannten Rauchringen bei Rauchern, wobei der Mund des Rauchers dem Ventil entspricht.In particular, the control is a valve. Via the valve, the mass flow of the fluid in the filling line or at the outflow opening can be opened and closed in a pulsating manner, so that the fluid, when entering the pressure tank, generates a ring vortex, which is also called vortex. This principle corresponds in a figurative sense to the production of so-called smoking rings in smokers, where the mouth of the smoker corresponds to the valve.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der Erfindung kann das Steuerelement ein Abschnitt der Einfüllleitung oder der Ausströmöffnung sein, der schwingend ausgebildet ist und bei Fluiddurchströmung derart schwingt, dass das Fluid zumindest teilweise ringwirbelförmig in den Drucktank strömt. Hierdurch ist eine alternative Ausführungsform geschaffen, die selbsttätig eine Ringwirbelerzeugung des Fluids im Drucktank ermöglicht, da die Pulsation des Steuerelements aufgrund der schwingenden Eigenschaften bereitgestellt wird. Dieses Prinzip ähnelt demjenigen einer Polsterpfeife, einem Rohrblatt bzw. generell den zur Schallerzeugung in Blasinstrumenten genutzten Mechanismen. So würden beispielsweise bei einer Trompete die Lippen dem oben beschriebenen schwingenden Abschnitt entsprechen. In Abhängigkeit der gewählten Elastizität kann der Abschnitt auf entsprechende Fluide eingestellt werden.According to a further aspect of the invention, the control element may be a section of the filling line or the outflow opening, which is oscillating and oscillates during fluid flow such that the fluid at least partially flows in the form of a vortex into the pressure tank. hereby an alternative embodiment is provided which automatically enables ring vortex generation of the fluid in the pressure tank since the pulsation of the control is provided due to the vibrating properties. This principle is similar to that of a paddling whistle, a reed or generally used for sound generation in wind instruments mechanisms. For example, in a trumpet, the lips would correspond to the vibrating section described above. Depending on the selected elasticity of the section can be adjusted to appropriate fluids.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung wird ferner durch ein Verfahren zur Betankung eines Drucktanks eines Tanksystems mit einem Fluid gelöst, wobei das Tanksystem eine Einfüllleitung mit einer Ausströmöffnung sowie ein Steuerelement umfasst, wobei das Steuerelement den Massenstrom des Fluids für einen ersten Zeitraum einschränkt, insbesondere unterbricht, und für einen zweiten Zeitraum freigibt, wobei das Verhältnis der beiden Zeiträume derart ist, dass das Fluid zumindest teilweise ringwirbelförmig in den Drucktank strömt. Über die zeitweise Einschränkung und Freigabe des Massenstroms wird erreicht, dass das einströmende Fluid die Ringwirbel ausbilden kann, die benötigt werden, um ein Betanken des Drucktanks ohne lokale Ansammlungen zu ermöglichen. Hierdurch werden die lokalen Erwärmungen im Drucktank vermieden, sodass sich die Lebensdauer des Drucktanks erhöht. Im Extremfall kann der Massenstrom sogar unterbrochen werden, beispielsweise bei einem Ventil oder einem sehr elastischen Abschnitt.The object of the invention is further achieved by a method for refueling a pressure tank of a tank system with a fluid, wherein the tank system comprises a filling line with an outflow opening and a control, wherein the control restricts the mass flow of the fluid for a first period, in particular interrupts, and for a second period of time, wherein the ratio of the two periods is such that the fluid at least partially flows like a ring vortex into the pressure tank. By temporarily restricting and releasing the mass flow, it is achieved that the inflowing fluid can form the ring vortices needed to allow refueling of the pressure tank without local accumulation. This avoids localized heating in the pressure tank, increasing the life of the pressure tank. In extreme cases, the mass flow can even be interrupted, for example in the case of a valve or a very elastic section.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Steuerelement den Massenstrom des Fluids pulsierend einschränkt bzw. freigibt. Hierdurch wird erreicht, dass mehrere sequenziell aufeinanderfolgende Ringwirbel im Drucktank erzeugt werden, sodass eine gleichmäßige Betankung bzw. Befüllung des Drucktanks über einen längeren Zeitraum möglich ist.According to a further aspect of the invention, it is provided that the control restricts or releases the mass flow of the fluid in a pulsating manner. This ensures that a plurality of sequentially successive ring vortices are generated in the pressure tank, so that a uniform refueling or filling of the pressure tank over a longer period of time is possible.
Insbesondere erzeugt das zumindest teilweise ringwirbelförmig in den Drucktank strömende Fluid torusförmige Ringwirbel, die eine Torusachse aufweisen, die im Wesentlichen parallel zur Längsachse des Drucktanks ist. Aufgrund dieser Orientierung können sich die Ringwirbel entlang der Hauptausrichtung des Drucktanks ausbreiten, sodass sie das von der Einfüllleitung abweisende Ende des Drucktanks erreichen. Dies ist insbesondere bei langgezogenen Drucktanks von Bedeutung, bei denen die Einfüllleitung an einer Stirnseite des Drucktanks angeordnet ist, denn besonders bei diesen ist an den von der Einfüllöffnung weiter entfernten Tankbereichen eine starke Erwärmung zu erwarten.In particular, the fluid which flows at least partially in a vortex-like manner into the pressure tank generates toroidal ring vortices which have a torus axis which is essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the pressure tank. Due to this orientation, the ring vortices can propagate along the main orientation of the pressure tank so that they reach the end of the pressure tank that is repellent from the filling line. This is particularly important in the case of elongate pressure tanks in which the filling line is arranged on an end face of the pressure tank, because especially in the latter, strong heating is to be expected at the tank areas further away from the filling opening.
Ein weiterer Aspekt der Erfindung sieht vor, dass nachströmendes Fluid durch den erzeugten Torus des Ringwirbels strömt. Dies beschleunigt die Befüllung bzw. Betankung des Drucktanks, da das Fluid nicht nur ringwirbelförmig in den Drucktank eingefüllt wird, sondern zusätzlich in herkömmlicher Weise. Aufgrund der poloidialen Rotation der Ringwirbel wird zudem erreicht, dass das nachströmende Fluid von den Ringwirbeln im Drucktank geführt wird. Dies verhindert zusätzlich eine lokale Ansammlung des Fluids im Drucktank.A further aspect of the invention provides that inflowing fluid flows through the generated torus of the ring vortex. This accelerates the filling or refueling of the pressure tank, since the fluid is not only vortex-shaped filled in the pressure tank, but in addition in a conventional manner. Due to the poloidial rotation of the ring vortices is also achieved that the inflowing fluid is guided by the ring vortices in the pressure tank. This additionally prevents local accumulation of the fluid in the pressure tank.
Weitere Vorteile und Eigenschaften der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen, auf die Bezug genommen wird. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:Further advantages and features of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the drawings, to which reference is made. In the drawings show:
In
Ferner ist in der gezeigten Ausführungsform ein Steuerelement
Die Steuerung
Ein solcher Ringwirbel
Die Steuerung
Das Steuerelement
Aufgrund der Ausbildung der Ringwirbel
Eine alternative Ausführungsform ist in
Der Abschnitt ist dabei aus einem elastischen Material ausgebildet, welches bei der Fluiddurchströmung derart schwingt, dass das Fluid zumindest teilweise ringwirbelförmig in den Drucktank
Der elastische Abschnitt kann derart elastisch sein, dass er zwischenzeitlich den Massenstrom des Fluids sogar unterbricht.The elastic portion may be so elastic that it interrupts the mass flow of the fluid in the meantime.
Claims (9)
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