DE102009036119A1 - Method and device for cooling a fine-grained solid with simultaneous replacement of the gap space gas contained therein - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for cooling a solid from a coal gasification, said device consists of a container with supply part, cooling part and exhaust part and are located in the interior of the cooling member arranged transversely to the flow direction lines, which are grouped in two varieties, wherein one species consists of liquid-carrying lines and the other type consists of gas-carrying lines and the liquid-carrying lines are closed in the interior of the cooling part and are used for heat exchange and the other type of gas-carrying lines, which are gas-permeable to the interior of the cooling part, so that the solid, consisting mainly of cooled slag, ash and fly ash, cooled and the residual gas contained in and between the solid particles is exchanged. The invention also relates to a process for cooling down the solid and removing the residual gas from the particles.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid from a coal gasification at the same time Replacement of the gap gas contained therein, wherein this device in principle also for cooling down be used by solids from other crude gas production processes can, but especially for the cooling down of fly ash resulting from coal gasification processes, because the fly ash still shares in coal gasification gas or crude gas between and in the particles, which by the inventive device can be removed wherein the solid to be cooled simultaneously from a Gas is flowed through, which is a continued flowability ensures the cooled to solid. The invention also relates to a process for cooling down hot solids, this process being especially for separated fly ash from a coal gasification process is usable.

at gasification of coal or carbonaceous solids the solid by an oxygen or oxygen and water vapor-containing Gas converted into synthesis gas, which consists mainly of carbon monoxide and hydrogen and which contains particulate matter in the form of flue dust, the majority of the ash contained in the coal and / or solidified slag exist. Depending on the fuel used the content of solids varies. For generating the synthesis gas It is possible in principle, other carbonaceous Use fuels as coal. Other suitable carbonaceous Fuels used for a gasification for the production of Synthesis gas are suitable, for example, peat, hydrogenation residues, Residues, waste, biomass or mixtures of these Fabrics and blends with coal. Depending on the fuel used is obtained in the synthesis gas produced by gasification an alternating amount of solids produced by suitable means is separated and must be cooled down.

suitable Devices for deposition are, for example, cyclones, filters or electrostatic precipitator. The predominantly made of fly ash Solid precipitates in hot form and must be in front cooled down for further use or disposal become. In addition, the deposited solid contains in the Spaces between the particles and in the gaps the particle still significant amounts of synthesis gas, which before a Further use or disposal of the solid as far as possible must become.

For The purpose of solid cooling is in the prior art Solid coolers, typically from containers exist that trickles from the solid to be cooled be, and arranged transversely to the flow direction inside Tubes containing, which of a heat transferring liquid be flowed through, and what the rushing past it Cool solids down to a lower temperature. Suitable cooling devices are also cooled Baffles or from a heat transferring Liquid flowed through lines, the one have rectangular cross-section. These are for example in Form of liquid-conducting hollow bodies executed.

The DE 10 2006 045 807 A1 describes a device for cooling down fluidized or free-flowing bulk materials, this device being of a type of heat exchanger which cools down the bulk materials to be cooled by liquid-carrying tubes to a lower temperature. The tubes are arranged in successive rows of tubes offset from one another. The tubes are aligned through the rows of tubes at an angle to the rows of tubes, which are traversed by suitable cooling or heating means. At one end there are devices for the supply of heating or cooling medium at the rows of tubes, and at the outer end devices for removing them. The bulk material to be cooled is passed through the heat exchanger across the rows of tubes. The rows of tubes are grouped in the form of modules, these modules meshing tooth-shaped when joined by the transverse arrangement of the tubes in the rows of tubes. This allows for practical horizontal or vertical stacking of the modules to accommodate different power requirements in operation.

The EP 934498 B1 describes a shaft cooler for granular or pourable bulk materials, which is composed of a feed unit, a cooling unit and a discharge unit for the solid to be cooled. The cooling unit is typically constructed of a parallelepipedic container in which are arranged transversely to the flow direction tubes extending inside the cooling unit from between two opposite walls and through which a coolant such as air or water is passed. The tubes are grouped in the form of tube bundles which extend horizontally between the opposite lateral walls and which are arranged in several superimposed rows.

The devices described are effective for solid cooling, but have the disadvantage that the gap space gas contained in and between the particles is not exchanged or removed. The devices described are also susceptible to plug formation, if not free-flowing solids used come.

The shaft coolers with tube bundles or hollow bodies listed in the prior art required in all cases a free-flowing solid. However, the fly ash in focus for the present invention has distinctly different properties, which must be taken into account to a special degree in order to ensure trouble-free operation of a cooling device can. The fly ash is characterized by a small mean particle size, e.g. B. in the range of 2 to 6 microns, additionally provided with a particle size distribution, which may contain significantly smaller particles. In the von Geldart ( D. Geldart, Powder Techn. 7, 285-293, 1973 ) classification of gas-solid systems, which serves to describe the Fluidisierverhaltens, the fly ash would typically be the money type group C or in the transition to money type group A.

to Geldart Group C includes materials that are noticeably cohesive are. Usual fluidization is extremely difficult. In small Pipes, the entire bed is lifted by the gas. The gas blows only individual channels free. For larger containers, the bed not raised and there is local break through of channels, preferably near the wall. This is because of that the adhesive forces between the particles get bigger are considered the forces that can exert the gas. In Geldart Group A are materials with small grain size and / or low density (eg cracking catalysts). fluidized beds of this particle group expand noticeably above the minimum fluidization, before bubbles arise. If the gas supply is switched off, collapses the bed is very slow and has a clear gas retention capacity is characteristic. The usually as free-flowing designated particles are represented by the Geldart group B and D. Geldart Group D are materials with coarse and / or heavy particles. The money type group B correspond to most materials. Both Classes are easy to fluidize and there is no gas holding capacity in front.

It There is therefore the task of providing a device to put, which is a hot solid, in the interstices and containing in the gaps of the particles to be removed raw gas, cools down and an exchange or removal of the raw gas contained therein allows. The device is designed to meet different performance requirements a coal gasification reactor can be adapted and should also be able to be used in particular if it is in the solid to be cooled to a fine-grained or dusty, poorly flown, Bulk goods are traded. The device should be insensitive to be high temperatures and no tendency to corrosion if necessary contained in the solid to be cooled aggressive pollutants exhibit. The device should also be universally applicable, although cooling off from coal gasification processes derived solids is the preferred application.

The Invention solves this problem by a device consisting from a container that enters the areas feeding part for the hot solid, cooling part and exhaust part is divided for the cooled solid and which flows through the solid to be cooled becomes. The cooling part is transverse to the flow direction interspersed by conduits which are divided into two varieties, wherein the one type of conduits conventionally of a heat transferring Medium or cooling medium are flowed through, and the other sort of pipes in the container interior gas permeable are so that a gas in the container interior and in the Solid bed can flow.

• • An den gasdurchlässigen Flächen wird durch das zugeführte Gas die Wandreibung des Feststoffs herabgesetzt. Der Feststoff kann an den gasdurchlässigen Flächen abfließen oder diese einfach umfließen.
• • Durch die Gaszufuhr findet eine lokale Auflockerung der Schüttung statt, die je nach Gasmenge bis hin zur lokalen Fluidisierung führen kann. Durch die Gaszufuhr und die damit verbundene Auflockerung und Verdünnung verbessern sich die Fließeigenschaften des Schüttguts, so daß auch die hier betrachtete sehr feine Flugasche die Apparatur durchströmen kann.
• • Durch das zugeführte Gas wird das vorhandene Lückenraumgas und damit auch noch vorhandene Rohgaskomponenten zwischen den Partikeln verdünnt und ausgetauscht.

The gas thus introduced into the bed causes the following:

• • At the gas-permeable surfaces, the wall friction of the solid is reduced by the supplied gas. The solid can flow off the gas-permeable surfaces or simply flow around them.
• • The supply of gas causes a localized loosening of the bed, which can lead to local fluidization depending on the amount of gas. The gas supply and the associated loosening and dilution improve the flow properties of the bulk material, so that even here considered very fine fly ash can flow through the apparatus.
• • The supplied gas dilutes and exchanges the existing gap space gas and thus also existing raw gas components between the particles.

The Withdrawal section includes feeders for further Gas, which has a trickle or flowability ensures the effluent solid.

The Device according to the invention can be continued designed so that the heat transfer lines or the gas-permeable lines, for example as Lines or conduit elements are kind, in cross section are rectangular or as a hollow, medium or gas-carrying Hollow body are shaped so that the device is changed to Solid properties or changed performance requirements the solid cooler can be adjusted.

• • einen Behälter, der als Kühlungsteil dient, und der an zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten jeweils zur Aufnahme und zum Abzug von durchströmendem Feststoff offen ist, und welche dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
• • der Behälter im Inneren eine erste Sorte von Leitungen enthält, die quer zur Strömungsrichtung angeordnet sind und die in das Innere des Behälters geschlossen sind, und die von einem Medium durchströmt werden, so dass ein indirekter Wärmeaustausch des Feststoffes mit dem durchströmenden Medium ermöglicht wird, und
• • der Behälter im Inneren eine zweite Sorte von Leitungen enthält, die ebenfalls quer zur Strömungsrichtung angeordnet sind und in das Innere des Behälters gasdurchlässig sind, und die von einem Gas durchströmt werden, welches durch Öffnungen in das Innere des Behälters hineinströmt.

Claimed in particular is a device for cooling a fine-grained solid the coal gasification with simultaneous replacement of the gap space gas contained therein, comprising

• A container which serves as a cooling part and which is open on two opposite sides respectively for receiving and withdrawing solid matter flowing through, and which is characterized in that
• The container contains in the interior a first type of conduits which are arranged transversely to the flow direction and which are closed in the interior of the container and through which a medium flows, so that an indirect heat exchange of the solid with the medium flowing through is made possible; and
• • The container contains inside a second type of lines, which are also arranged transversely to the flow direction and in the interior of the container are gas-permeable, and are traversed by a gas which flows through openings into the interior of the container.

The medium-carrying lines or gas-carrying Lines are preferably tubes whose cross-sectional area is round. But it is also conceivable that the medium-leading Lines or the gas-carrying pipes are pipes whose Cross-section is rectangular or angular. The cross section of both lines can finally be shaped arbitrarily. In a special version can be the lines with rectangular cross section as well denote hollow, medium or gas-carrying hollow body or shape. The medium or the gas can also through different lines are led or by any Combination of these lines are conducted. Essentially by the Flow properties of the solid and the heat dissipation required heat exchanger surface Certainly, an advantageous embodiment can be a combination consist of lines with a round or rectangular cross-section. The container has in a typical embodiment a wall, which is designed as a double jacket and the also with a heat transfer medium is charged. This makes this wall with a jacket cooling Mistake.

In In a preferred embodiment, the container is set from a supply part, a cooling part and a deduction part for the solid to be cooled together. In which Feed part and the trigger part or both parts are preferred to conical components, each with the larger opening are assembled with the cooling part. Are conceivable but also other components as commonly used in the Tank construction can be used. Conceivable are exemplary Dished bottoms, baskets, or for the feeding part flat lid. The supply part is always at least a gas outlet that aims that through the solid displaced gas can escape from the feed part. It is possible that in the solid flow direction before or behind the container at least one gas supply nozzle for is to be supplied gas.

The Arrangement of the lines in the cooling part is arbitrary. These are preferably arranged so that optimum cooling, an optimal gas exchange between the particles and an optimal one Solid flow is enabled. So can for example, the medium-carrying lines and the gas-conducting Lines in the interior of the container in rows be arranged in the flow direction, wherein the rows the medium-carrying lines and the gas-conducting Alternate lines in the flow direction of the solid. The medium-carrying lines and the gas-conducting Conduits in the interior of the cooling part in the solid flow direction However, they can also be diagonally row-shaped be arranged, with the rows of medium-leading Cables and the gas-carrying lines at an angle alternate to the flow direction of the solid. After all can the medium-carrying lines and the gas-conducting Lines in the interior of the container in rows be arranged obliquely in the flow direction, wherein only in the rows the medium-carrying lines and the gas pipes in any order alternate. The medium-carrying lines and the gas-conducting Lines inside the hollow container can by way of example also in rows in the flow direction be arranged in a zigzag shape, with the rows of medium-carrying Lines and the gas-carrying lines parallel to the flow direction alternate the solid.

The medium-carrying lines for heat exchange and the gas-carrying lines for gas supply are advantageous arranged so that an optimal heat exchange and a optimal gas supply in the solid is possible, thereby on the one hand the exchange of the gap space gas takes place and on the other hand, the flow behavior of the solid low being affected. This also applies to the cables themselves, which are so well equipped in shape and diameter that optimal heat exchange and gas supply possible is.

A variant of the device according to the invention is designed so that at least one gas-carrying line in the interior of the container, based on its cross-section, is aligned parallel to the flow direction and has a rectangular cross-section. It is also possible to make the medium-carrying lines as lines whose cross-section is rectangular. The device according to the invention is then designed so that at least one medium-carrying line in the interior of the container has a rectangular cross-section. Finally, it is also possible, at least to design a medium-carrying line as well as a gas-carrying line as a line with a rectangular cross-section.

As a general rule It may be in the square in cross-section lines to pipes with non-circular cross section, or an execution in the form of hollow bodies through which the heat transfer medium or the gas is flowing. In the latter case, the gas-leading Hollow body or gas-carrying pipes with not round cross-section at least partially gas-permeable, to achieve a gas supply in the solid.

The can be formed with rectangular cross section shaped lines meandering around the inside Improve flow of the medium or gas. This is especially true for an advantageous design of lines with rectangular cross-section to, as a medium or gas-carrying hollow body are executed. It is possible that at least a medium and at least one gas-carrying line in Inside the container as parallel to the solid flow direction aligned and flowed through by medium line in cross section rectangular is shaped. It is also possible that the medium or gas-carrying lines inside the container as aligned parallel to the solids flow direction and flowed through medium lines in cross section rectangular are formed, with medium and gas-carrying lines Alternate across the flow direction.

A Further advantageous embodiment of the invention provides a Part of the lines as round cross-section lines to make and another part of the device as rectangular in cross-section Cables. For this it is possible, for example, that two or more medium- or gas-carrying lines inside of the container in diameter as parallel to the solids flow direction aligned, lines are formed whose cross-section rectangular is transverse to the solid flow direction between The lines aligned parallel to the flow direction Arranged rows of gas and mediums leading lines are, whose cross-section is round.

Also the order and the number of lines can be arbitrary. So it is possible in one embodiment of the invention that in the between and beside the parallel to the solid flow direction aligned rows of gas and medium carrying lines, which are rectangular in cross section, gas and medium leading Lines are located whose cross-section is round. These can be alternate in the solids flow direction. In another Embodiment of the invention, it is possible that at least two of the medium- or gas-carrying lines inside the container as parallel to the solid flow direction aligned pipes are rectangular in cross-section, these being parallel in the solids flow direction and arranged one behind the other. In a further embodiment Finally, according to the invention, it is possible that in the solid flow direction between or beside or between and beside the parallel and consecutively to the flow direction aligned gas or medium-carrying lines, the are rectangular in cross-section, at least one gas-conducting or medium-carrying line is arranged, whose cross section is round.

The gas-carrying lines or the gas-carrying hollow Lines are made of a material that makes it possible to achieve a gas entry into the solid. This is preferred a porous material which has a pore size owns a gas entry into the solid to be cooled allows, but impermeable to the Solid in the gas-carrying lines. In one embodiment The invention relates to the porous material around sintered ceramic, porous ceramic, to a porous Plastic or gas-permeable sintered metal. It is also possible, the gas-carrying lines to Introduction of the gas into the solid with holes, holes, To provide recesses, slots or the like. The cables will be made of conventional, gas-impermeable material made and with holes, holes, slots etc. provided for the passage of gas. It is also possible that the gas-carrying lines only in sections or sections are provided with a porous material and the rest of the Cable made of conventional gas-impermeable material consists.

The medium-carrying lines or the reactor are made of a Material designed, which allows a cooling through a good heat transfer, without corroding. The material selection of the container and the medium-carrying lines are dependent the inlet temperature of the solid and in the void volume located raw gas components and can for example from a be made of high temperature resistant steel.

The ratio of the outer surfaces of the gas-carrying lines and the medium-carrying lines in the interior of the hollow container is preferably the same. However, it is also possible to make the ratio of the outer surfaces of the gas-carrying lines and the medium-carrying lines unequal. Thus, it is possible that the ratio of the outer surfaces of the gas-carrying conduits to the medium-carrying conduits inside the hollow container is 20 to 50 percent. The optimum choice depends on the cooling task and the flow properties of the solid. It is about a comparatively well-flowing bulk material at high temperature, the proportion of the heat exchanger surface is increased and the proportion of gas supply surfaces is reduced. If, on the other hand, it is a solid that does not flow freely, the determination of the areas is dictated by the required supply of gas in order to be able to guarantee a solid flow at all times.

claimed is also a process by which a fine-grained solid is cooled, while it is an exchange the gases between the particles and in the gaps of the particles comes.

• • ein zu kühlender Feststoff, der in den Räumen zwischen den Partikeln und Lücken in den Partikeln noch Restgas enthält, in einen Behälter geführt wird, und
• • sich der Feststoff durch den Behälter bewegt, und
• • in den Behälter Leitungen eingebracht sind, und welches dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass
• • ein Teil der Leitungen mit einem Wärmeüberträgermedium durchströmt wird, so dass ein indirekter Wärmetausch zwischen Feststoff und Wärmeträgermedium erfolgt, und
• • ein Teil der Leitungen gasdurchlässig gestaltet ist, durch die ein zugeführtes Gas in den Behälter und in den Feststoff geführt wird.

Claimed is in particular a method for cooling a fine-grained solid with simultaneous replacement of the gap space gas contained therein, wherein

• A solid to be cooled, which still contains residual gas in the spaces between the particles and voids in the particles, is fed into a container, and
• • the solid moves through the container, and
• • are introduced into the container lines, and which is characterized in that
• • A portion of the lines is traversed by a heat transfer medium, so that an indirect heat exchange takes place between the solid and the heat transfer medium, and
• • a part of the lines is designed gas-permeable, through which a supplied gas is fed into the container and into the solid.

Prefers is the process of gas production a coal gasification, so that the solid is essentially made from fly ash and solidified Slag exists. In principle, however, it is possible to Solid cooler for any process too use, which results in a solid to be cooled, its interstitial or void gas exchanged or removed must become.

at the medium for heat exchange, which by the medium-carrying Lines flowing, it is preferably a liquid, although a gas or a fluid as a heat transfer Media are conceivable. A particularly preferred medium for heat exchange is water.

Also the conveyance of the solid through the cooler can in principle be carried out arbitrarily. That's the way it is possible, the solid by gravity by to let the solid cooler flow. In a Embodiment of the invention, it is also possible that the solid by applying a pressure gradient through the solid cooler is moved. For this purpose, for example a gas is brought into the cooler.

Of the To be cooled solid can in principle any temperature own, if he promoted in the solid cooler becomes. In one embodiment of the invention, the solid has as it flows into the solid cooler a temperature from 200 to 400 ° C. The cooling down takes place then to a temperature in which disposal or re-use the solid is easily possible. In an exemplary Embodiment, the solid has the deduction from the Solid cooler a temperature of 50 to 150 ° C.

at the supplied gas, which is used to exchange the gap space gas serves as an example nitrogen, carbon dioxide, air or a mixture of these gases. This is then mixed executed with the raw gas from the cooler. In a Embodiment of the invention is the additional gas before replacement the gap space gas preheated.

The Flow rate of through the gas-permeable lines in the container guided gas is preferred so regulated that the speed of the gas supplied at the exit surface of the gas permeable Line greater than or equal to the minimum fluidization rate of the solid. The gas-carrying lines can individually or in groups with different amounts controllable Gas to be supplied. The amount of gas supplied can be in one otherwise be sized so that in the free cross sections between the lines a gas velocity of the supplied Gases greater than or equal to the minimum fluidization speed of Solid sets.

In an embodiment of the invention are the gas-conducting Lines in solid flow direction from bottom to flows through gas pulses at the top and / or in chronological order, so that a fixing of the solid in the solid cooler counteracted becomes. In a further embodiment of the invention the solid effluent from the container at least one gas inlet in the outlet area with further Gas loosened, so that at the outlet one of residual gas almost liberated, cooled and fanned solid becomes.

In An embodiment of the invention makes it possible to Use gas pulses, so that the pores or gas-permeable Clean the gas-carrying lines of plugs or be freed. These pulses are made up of waves Gas pressure, by the grafts or solid chunks or formed Bridges due to the increased gas pressure from the gas-carrying Lines can be removed.

This are embodiments of the invention, resulting from the described device with supply part, cooling part and discharge part with heat exchanging medium-carrying Lines and gas-exchanging, gas-carrying lines result. The invention has the advantage that a solid, the from a gas production and in particular from a coal gasification is deposited, effectively cooled down can, while removing the gas contained in the solid and the solid supplied for reuse or disposal can be.

The inventive embodiment of an inventive Solid Cooler becomes more accurate with eleven drawings explained, wherein the inventive Device is not limited to these embodiments is.

1 shows a solid cooler according to the invention, which consists of a feed part ( 6 ), a cooling part ( 5 ) and a deduction part ( 16 ) consists. The solid ( 1 ) flows in the flow direction g through the conical feed part ( 6 ), and comes with two types of leads ( 2 . 3 ), wherein one type of line ( 2 ) is formed by medium-carrying lines, which serve for heat exchange and cooling of the solid, and the other type of lines ( 3 ) are gas permeable and for gas supply in the solid ( 1 ) serve. These inject a gas into the solid, so that the residual gas contained in the particles is exchanged for the gas and at the same time a loosening of the particles is achieved. The wall ( 13 ) of the cooling part ( 5 ) is thermally conductive and is provided with a jacket, through the cooling medium ( 14 ) flows. The feed part ( 6 ) contains a gas relief nozzle ( 7 ), via which the gas from the supply part ( 6 ) can escape when the solid flows in. The deduction part ( 16 ) is connected to further gas inlet openings ( 8th . 10 ), on which further gas ( 9 . 11 ) can flow to loosen the solid. The cooled and purified solid ( 12 ) is from the conical deduction ( 16 ). The medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ) inside the cooling part ( 5 ) are arranged in rows in rows in the solid flow direction obliquely, wherein the rows of lines ( 4 ) of the medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ) alternate obliquely to the flow direction of the solid. Although the integration of the gas supply lines, the heat transfer surface is reduced for a given pipe arrangement, but at the same time the Schüttgutfluß is ensured. In classic shaft coolers it is known that the solid moves with very little cross-mixing through the rows of tubes and already cooled strands without cross-mixing move from top to bottom, so that a significant part of the still hot particles does not or only very late gets in contact with the heat exchanger. As a result, the heat transfer is not as high as theoretically can be estimated. In the proposed arrangement in 1 Although there is less heat exchanger surface, since a part of the tubes is used for gas supply. On the other hand, the gas supply causes a local loosening and thus cross-mixing, so that a much more effective cooling of the bulk material at the than line ( 2 ) can reach kind of heat transfer surfaces.

2 shows the same solid cooler according to the invention, the section AA of the 1 is shown. You can see the feed part ( 6 ), the cooling part ( 5 ) and the trigger part ( 16 ). The medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ) are in cross section through the container ( 5 ) to see running.

3 shows only the inside of the cooling part ( 5 ) of the solid-state cooler according to the invention. You can see the medium-carrying lines ( 2 ), which are impermeable to the interior of the cooling part and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ), which penetrate into the interior of the cooling part ( 5 ) are permeable to gas and which are arranged in rows of lines ( 4 ) alternate across the solid flow direction. These are powered by a gas ( 15 ) or a cooling medium ( 14 ) flows through.

4 shows only the inside of the cooling part ( 5 ) of the solid-state cooler according to the invention. You can see the arrangement of the medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ), wherein the medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ) are arranged obliquely in the interior of the cooling part in the solid flow direction, and the rows of lines of medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ) alternate obliquely to the flow direction of the solid.

5 shows only the inside of the cooling part ( 5 ) of the solid-state cooler according to the invention. The medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ) inside the cooling part ( 5 ) are arranged in a row in the direction of flow in a zigzag shape, wherein the rows of medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ) alternate in the flow direction of the solid.

6 shows only the inside of the cooling part ( 5 ) of the solid-state cooler according to the invention. The medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ) inside the cooling part ( 5 ) are arranged in the form of a zigzag in the solid flow direction in rows, the rows of medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas lead the lines ( 3 ) alternate in the flow direction of the solid. The gas-carrying lines ( 3 ), which penetrate into the interior of the cooling part ( 5 ) are gas-permeable, are smaller in diameter than the medium-carrying lines ( 2 ). This results in a given pipe arrangement a larger gap and a larger free passage between the pipes for the flow of solids.

7 shows the interior of the solids cooler according to the invention with feed part ( 6 ), Cooling part ( 5 ) and deduction part ( 16 ). The medium-carrying ( 2 ) and gas-carrying ( 3 ) Lines are as rectangular in cross section lines, here for example as a hollow body, wherein the medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) in the interior of the cooling part ( 5 ) are impermeable and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ) in the interior of the cooling part ( 5 ) are permeable to gas.

8th shows the same solid cooler according to the invention ( 5 ), which as a section AA the 7 is shown. You can see the feed part ( 6 ), the cooling part ( 5 ) and the trigger part ( 16 ). The cooling part ( 6 ) contains a line ( 2 ), which is rectangular in cross-section, here, for example, as a hollow body, and meandered in the interior meandering. This structure for targeted guidance of the cooling medium ( 14 ) may be present within the heat transfer surfaces.

9 shows the interior of the solid-state cooler according to the invention ( 5 ) with feed part ( 6 ), Cooling part ( 5 ) and deduction part ( 16 ). Part of the medium-carrying lines ( 2 ), whose cross-section is rectangular, is designed here as a medium-carrying hollow body. Between and beside the medium-carrying lines ( 2 ), which are rectangular in cross-section, are parallel to the flow medium ( 2 ) and gas-carrying ( 3 ) Arranged lines whose cross-section is round, wherein the cross-sectionally round gas and medium-carrying lines ( 2 . 3 ) alternate in the solids flow direction.

10 shows the interior of the solid-state cooler according to the invention ( 5 ) with feed part ( 6 ), Cooling part ( 5 ) and deduction part ( 16 ). The medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) are designed as lines whose cross-section is rectangular, designed here for example as a hollow body. Between and beside the medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) are aligned parallel to the flow, gas-carrying lines ( 3 ), whose cross-section is round. The gas supply pipes ( 2 ) are arranged here before entering the solid in the heat exchanger zone, and again between the following arrangement of medium-carrying hollow bodies. Emulsions of very fine particles are characterized by certain gas retention capacity, which can usually be found in the fly ash considered here. Due to the gas-holding capacity of the solid, fluidization and loosening occur before entry into the gaps between the medium-carrying hollow bodies. Depending on the gas holding capacity, the solids velocity and the size of the apparatus, it may, as in 10 by way of example, be required to carry out one or more further intermediate fluidizations.

11 shows the interior of the solids cooler according to the invention with feed part ( 6 ), Cooling part ( 5 ) and deduction part ( 16 ). The medium-carrying lines ( 2 ) and the gas-carrying lines ( 3 ), whose cross-section is round, are inside the container ( 5 ) arranged in rows in the flow direction obliquely, wherein, by way of example, every fourth line of a line ( 4 ) a gas-carrying line ( 3 ). Here is analogous to 10 a loosening of the solid before entering the heat exchanger zone. The intervals at which a further series of gas feeds (in the example every four) becomes necessary depend on the gas holding capacity of the solids and the solids velocity in the container and must be determined for each case.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

inflowing to be cooled solid

2

Leading media cables

3

gas supplying cables

4

line number

5

cooling part or container

6

supply part

7

Gas discharge nozzle

8th

Gas supply nozzle

9

Convicted course gas

10

Gas supply nozzle

11

Convicted course gas

12

cooled solid fuel

13

wall as a heat transfer surface

14

medium or cooling medium

15

gas

16

off element

G

flow direction of the solid

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102006045807 A1 [0005]
• - EP 934498 B1 [0006]

Cited non-patent literature

• D. Geldart, Powder Techn. 7, 285-293, 1973 [0008]

Claims (35)

Device for cooling a fine-grained solid with simultaneous replacement of the gap space gas contained therein, comprising • a container which serves as a cooling part, and which is open on two opposite sides respectively for receiving and withdrawing through-flowing solid, characterized in that • the container in the Inside contains a first type of conduits, which are arranged transversely to the solid flow direction and which are closed in the interior of the container, and are flowed through by a medium, so that an indirect heat exchange with the medium flowing through is made possible, and • the container inside contains a second type of conduits, which are also arranged transversely to the solid flow direction and in the interior of the container are gas-permeable, and are traversed by a gas which flows through openings in the interior of the container. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to claim 1, characterized that the pipes are made of pipes with round cross section, made of pipes with rectangular cross-section, made of tubes with rectangular cross-section, made of medium or gas-carrying hollow bodies, or one any combination of these lines. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that at least a part of the container wall is provided with a jacket cooling. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the container the open sides with a feed part and a deduction part for equipped with the solid to be cooled, and the supply part includes a gas outlet. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to claim 4, characterized in that that it is in the feed part or at the withdrawal part or at Both parts are conical components, those with the larger opening are assembled with the cooling part Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the medium-carrying Lines and the gas-carrying lines inside the Container row in the solid flow direction are arranged, wherein the rows of medium-carrying lines and the gas-carrying lines in the flow direction alternate the solid. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the medium-carrying Lines and the gas-carrying lines inside the Container row in the solid flow direction are arranged obliquely, with the rows of medium-leading Cables and the gas-carrying lines at an angle alternate to the flow direction of the solid. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the medium-carrying Lines and the gas-carrying lines inside the Container row in the flow direction are arranged obliquely, with only in the rows the medium-carrying lines and the gas-conducting Alternate lines in any order. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the medium-carrying Lines and the gas-carrying lines inside the Container row in the solid flow direction are arranged in a zigzag shape, with the rows of medium-carrying Lines and the gas-carrying lines parallel to the flow direction alternate the solid. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the gas-conducting Lines inside the container smaller in diameter are as the medium-carrying lines. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of the gap space gas contained therein according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one gas-carrying line in the interior of the container aligned parallel to the solid flow direction, inside hollow and gas flowed through and rectangular in cross-section line is formed. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one medium-leading Line inside the container as parallel to the solids flow direction aligned, hollow inside and flowed through by medium, rectangular in cross-section line is formed. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that two or more medium or gas-carrying lines inside the container as aligned parallel to the solids flow direction, and flowed through medium lines in cross section rectangular are shaped. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to claim 13, characterized in that that the medium- or gas-carrying lines inside of the container aligned parallel to the solids flow direction and flowed through medium lines in cross section rectangular are formed, with medium and gas-carrying lines alternate across the solids flow direction. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that transversely to the flow direction between the aligned parallel to the solid flow direction Series of gas- and medium-carrying lines whose cross section is rectangular, there are other wires whose cross-section is round is, wherein the round in cross-section gas or medium leading Alternate lines in solid flow direction. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 11 or 12, characterized in that two or more of the medium or gas-carrying lines inside the container as aligned parallel to the solids flow direction and flowed through medium lines in cross section rectangular are formed, these in the solid flow direction are arranged parallel and behind one another. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to claim 16, characterized in that that between or beside or between and beside the parallel and one after the other aligned to the solid flow direction gas- or medium-carrying, rectangular in cross-section Lines in the flow direction at least one gas-carrying or medium-carrying line is arranged, whose cross-section is round is. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the gas-conducting Lines at least partially made of a porous material are made. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to claim 18, characterized in that that the porous material is sintered ceramic, porous ceramic, porous plastic or sintered metal is. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that the gas-conducting Lines for introducing the gas into the solid with holes, Holes, recesses or slots are provided. Device for cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 1 to 20, characterized in that in the solid flow direction in front of or behind the container, a gas inlet for is to be supplied gas. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas, wherein • one to be cooled solid, in the spaces between the particles and gaps in the particles still residual gas contains, is led into a container, and • yourself the solid is moved through the container, and • in the container lines are inserted, characterized, that • a part of the pipes with a heat transfer medium is passed through, so that an indirect heat exchange between solid and heat transfer medium, and • some of the pipes are gas permeable is designed, through which a supplied gas into the container and is led into the solid. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of the void space gas contained therein according to claim 22, characterized in that the process for producing the solid is a coal gasification such that the solid consists essentially of fly ash or solidified slag or both. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to claim 22 or 23, characterized characterized in that it is in the medium for heat exchange is a liquid. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to claim 24, characterized that it is the medium for heat exchange to water is. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the solid by gravity is moved through the solid cooler. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the solid by a Pressure gradient is moved through the solid cooler. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 22 to 27, characterized in that the solid as it flows in the solid cooler, a temperature of 200 to 400 ° C. has. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 22 to 28, characterized in that the solid after the outflow from the solid cooler, a temperature of 150 to 50 ° C. has. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 22 to 29, characterized in that it is supplied to the Gas around nitrogen, carbon dioxide, air or around a mixture of these gases. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 22 to 30, characterized in that the supplied Gas is preheated. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 22 to 31, characterized in that the flow rate of the through the gas-permeable lines in the container Guided gas is regulated so that the speed the supplied gas relative to the gas outlet surface the gas-permeable lines larger or equal to the minimum fluidizing velocity of the incoming Solid is. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 22 to 32, characterized in that the gas-conducting Lines individually or in groups with different amounts regulated gas to be supplied. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to claim 33, characterized in that that the gas-carrying lines in the solid flow direction of flows through the bottom upward and / or in chronological order with gas pulses so that a fixing of the solid in the solid cooler counteracted. Method of cooling a fine-grained and hot solid with simultaneous replacement of it contained gap space gas according to any one of claims 22 to 34, characterized in that the from the container escaping solids through at least one gas inlet nozzle in the outlet area with supplied gas is loosened, so that at the outlet a nearly freed of residual gas, cooled and fanned solid is obtained.

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