DE102009005632A1 - T-shaped load traverse for use in crane to handle rotor blades of wind energy plant, has roller, eyelet and stop point connected to lifting point, where length of section of load connection unit between lifting and stop points is changeable - Google Patents

Abstract

The traverse (10) has a deflection roller (18), a stop eyelet (24) and a stop point connected to a lifting point (22) of a lifting device i.e. crane, by a load connection unit i.e. rope (16). Length of the load connection unit is changeable between the stop point and the lifting point, where a length of a section of a load connection unit between the lifting point and the stop pivot point is changeable by a length changing device. The length changing device is designed as a rope winch, a hydraulically cylinder (14), a pneumatically actuated lifting cylinder or a spindle drive. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a lifting strap for handling of rotor blades of a wind energy plant, comprising a pulling device (2) a method for assembling or disassembling a rotor of a wind energy plant using a load traverse and a lifting strap for handling of rotor blades.

Description

The The invention relates to a load cross-piece of a lifting device, in particular a crane for handling rotor blades of a wind turbine, wherein the load traverse on its upper side at least two Traversenanlenkpunkte and the Traversenanlenkpunkte the load traverse by means of a Lastanschlussmittels connectable to a lifting point of the lifting device or connected.

Furthermore The invention relates to a use of a load cross member as well a lifting device for erecting a wind turbine. It also concerns The invention relates to a lifting belt for handling rotor blades of a Wind energy plant, preferably during assembly or disassembly of a Rotor, wherein preferably the lifting strap with a sling or is designed as a sling.

It also concerns the invention provides a use of a lifting band for handling rotor blades a wind turbine and a method for mounting or dismounting a rotor of a wind turbine.

Around Building a wind turbine requires numerous steps accomplished become. After the place of construction is prepared, there will be different ones Elements transported to the installation site of the wind turbine. In the construction, for example, several tower sections assembled into a tower, then a gondola with a Crane mounted on the tower and attached to the top of the tower. Subsequently is the rotor, consisting of a rotor hub and arranged thereon rotor blades attached to the gondola. For this purpose, first the rotor hub on the rotor shaft scheduled so that afterwards with the help of cranes or other aids the rotor blades on the flange connections of the rotor.

Current 5 to 6 MW class wind turbines have rotors with significant diameters and weights. For example, the rotor diameter of Applicant's wind turbine designated 5M is approximately 126 m. The assembly of a rotor by mounting rotor blades on a rotor hub when assembled on the ground requires a large area, which must be free of obstacles as well as level and stable. For example, with a rotor diameter of 100 m, the required free mounting surface is more than 5,000 m ² .

Also required Lifting a rotor assembled on the ground is a big hassle, because the assembled rotor is rotated accordingly after lifting in the air must become. For example, when mounting a rotor for the 5M plant of the patent applicant two cranes and numerous (passive) Lifting means used.

Farther It is known that for handling the large-volume components, in particular the rotor blades, in the construction of a wind turbine, the components or rotor blades by means lifting straps arranged on traverses be attached. When a load, z. B. a rotor blade, the lifting strap pulls itself closed, preventing uncontrolled Movements of the load. When dismantling rotor blades from a rotor is currently a technician in a man basket to the rotor blade lifted. From there, the lifting straps on the rotor blade in the area attached to or at the blade root and the leaf tip. For this are at least two cranes, d. H. a crane for the rotor blade and a crane for the man basket, required.

outgoing From this prior art, the object of the invention is to the handling of large volume Components, in particular of rotor blades, preferably at the assembly or disassembly of wind turbines, to improve wherein the design effort for this are kept as low as possible should.

The Task is solved in a load cross-piece of a lifting device, in particular a Cranes, to handle rotor blades a wind turbine, wherein the load crossbar, preferably at its upper side, has at least two Traversenanlenkpunkte, wherein the Traversenanlenkpunkte the load traverse means of a load connection means connectable or connected to a lifting point of the lifting device , which is further developed by the length of the load connection means between a Traversenanlenkpunkt or the multiple Traversenanlenkpunkten and the lifting point of the lifting device is variable, the length of the Section of the load connection means between the lifting point and the Traversenanlenkpunkt or between the Traversenanlenkpunkten means a length change device variable is.

The invention is based on the idea that on the top of a load cross-piece two (cross member) pivot points are provided, which are spaced apart and are preferably formed at the end points of the load traverse. Here are the Traversenanlenkpunkte via a corresponding load connection means, for. As ropes, chains, tension rods or the like, with a arranged above the crossbar lifting point of a lifting device, in particular a bottle or a hoist of a crane connected. Here, the length of the load connection means between the Traversenanlenkpunkten or between a truss pivoting point and the lifting point of the lifting device preferably varies or is variable such that the vertical distance between the lifting point of the lifting device and the center of gravity of the load beam is changed when changing the length of the load connection means or is.

there are the articulation points or attachment points on the truss side fixed in place, d. H. that the articulation points of the load connection means not movable on the truss side, d. H. fixed or stationary, are.

By the change the length of the load connection means from the first truss connection point over the Lifting point of the lifting device to the second traverse linkage point becomes the suspension geometry the load crossbar on the lifting device when changing the length of the Section of the load connection means between the Traversenan steering points changed. As a result, at fixed predetermined articulation points or attachment points the load crossbar a desired Inclination or a predetermined equilibrium position of the load crossmember set at the lifting point or attachment point of the lifting device.

By the extension or shortening the length the portion of the load connection means between each other Connected Traversenanlenkpunkten and by changing the length of the Section of the load connection means, the load cross-piece can be adjusted or positioned. About that In addition, the load crossbar can be both without load and with it arranged load, z. B. a rotor blade, in equilibrium or be kept in a horizontal position. In particular, be no bending moments in the structure of the load crosshead due to the construction initiated, so that the components of the load cross member or the load crossmember only experience stress on train and / or pressure and / or buckling.

By The traverse bar is provided with a traverse attached to one Hoist of a lifting device, z. As a crane, at a lifting point the lifting device is or is arranged, wherein by the change the length of the load connection means, with the two upper-side articulation points the load crossbar are interconnected, the distance between the center of gravity of the load beam and the lifting point of the lifting device adjusted accordingly, creating a simple balance adjustment the load crossbar when changing the Geometry of the suspension the load crossbar is reached on the lifting device.

Thereby, that the distribution of Traverse points in the production the rigid load beam are predetermined, results in a simple structure the load beam according to the invention or support beam. In particular, it is due to the changeable Length of the Load connection means between two via a lifting point of a lifting device with each other connected Traversenanlenkpunkte possible, one on the load crossbar arranged component, for. As a rotor blade on a crane in a simple manner to tilt or balance. In addition, by the load crossbar according to the invention guaranteed that the load traverse inclined without load on the crane or in the Balance or can be kept in balance.

According to the invention Length of the Section of the load connection means between the lifting point and the Traversenanlenkpunkt or between the Traversenanlenkpunkten means a length change device adaptable to the load connection means. Preferably, the length connection means or one or more supporting cables (as load connection means) one constant length, being the length the portion of the load connection means between each other connected Traversenanlenkpunkten adjusted accordingly or changed becomes.

Around the length the portion of the load connection means between the Traversenanlenkpunkten to change, is provided in a development that the length change device the load connection means as a winch or, preferably hydraulically or pneumatically operated lifting cylinder or is designed as a spindle drive. It is in the suspension geometry the load beam at the lifting point of a lifting device, the length-changing device formed with an actuator, so that the length between each other connected Traversenanlenkpunkten by means of the load connection means, z. B. a wire, is changed or adjusted accordingly.

In other embodiments Is it possible, that as a length-change device for the length of the Section of the load connection means between the Traverseenanlenkpunkten also hydraulic cylinders or pneumatic cylinders or a winch or an electric motor spindle drive can be used. At a activity the length change device becomes the length the portion of the load connection means or of the suspension cables between the Traversenanlenkpunkten or between Traversenanlenkpunkt and lifting point extended or shortened. This is for the length change device a appropriate control, which is also designed as a remote control can be provided.

Especially is the length change device arranged on or in the load traverse, resulting in a compact Construction results.

In a preferred embodiment, the Load beam T-shaped design. In an alternative, the load traverse may also be formed "H" -shaped, since this shape may also, like the T-shape, have a longitudinal member and at least one further cross member which is arranged at the end of the longitudinal member.

at the "T" shape of the Traverse is preferably a in the end of the as Longitudinal beams trained vertical line of the "T" arranged An articulation point of Traverse trained. Further, on the transom of the "T" in the End areas also each provided a Traversenanlenkpunkt, resulting in connection of the Traversenanlenkpunkts of the longitudinal member with the lifting point as well as the lifting point with the two cross-linking points of the crossbar by means of a respective support rope a particularly stable Arrangement of a load beam on a lifting device results.

in this connection are preferably, for. B. in an embodiment of the load carrier in a "T" shape, several, in particular two to four, load cables as load connection means provided between the Traversenanlenkpunkten.

Furthermore characterized a preferred development of the load traversal from that the load ropes are Y-shaped between the one transverse pivot point of the longitudinal member of the T-shaped load crossmember, preferably at the end of the longitudinal member, and the opposite one Traverse connection points of the cross member of the T-shaped load carrier run.

Especially the load cables run from a fastening to the length-change device, z. B. a lifting cylinder, within the load cross-piece parallel to longitudinal axis the load cross-piece to one or more designed as deflection rollers Traversenanlenkpunkten of the longitudinal member for each load rope until the lifting point of the over the load beam arranged lifting device substantially parallel. Subsequently go in addition Load cables from the lifting point of the lifting device preferably apart, with the end points of the load cables at the pulleys opposite Traversenanlenkpunkten the cross member of the load beam fixed or are arranged. Here, the load cables form a kinked Y-shape, wherein the node of the Y-shape by or in the area the lifting point of the lifting device is formed.

Prefers be several load cables from the length change device on the Deflection pulleys guided parallel to the lifting point. This can lower Rope diameter can be used, which has a lower bending radius have, whereby smaller pulleys can be used. Consequently is a particularly compact and thus economical execution of Lifting device allows.

Of Furthermore, the load traverse is characterized in that on, preferably the end regions, the underside of the load cross member lifting devices, in particular lifting straps, are arranged or are, so that the load traverse for handling of rotor blades or other large-volume components a wind turbine during construction of the wind turbine or Disassembly of the wind turbine can be used. in this connection is by the fastening device (s) or the lifting straps the Load spreader attached to a rotor blade.

Of Further, preferably, the length change device by means of a control device, in particular remote control device Remote control, controllable or remotely controllable formed.

Farther the task is solved by using a load beam for handling rotor blades of a Wind energy plant during assembly or disassembly of a wind energy plant, wherein the load beam is formed as described above is. To avoid repetition is to the preceding versions expressly directed.

in the Under the invention, the lifting device as a mobile crane or also in the form of a jack-up barge for the construction of offshore wind turbines be educated. If in the present context of the establishment a wind turbine is mentioned, is within the meaning of the invention In this context, the regression or dismantling a wind turbine, in which also large-volume components, such. B. rotor blades, must be removed from the wind turbine, detected by it.

A another solution The task is carried out by a lifting belt for handling a rotor blades Wind energy plant, preferably during assembly or disassembly of a Rotor of the wind turbine, preferably the lifting strap with a Loop or loop is formed, which further developed is that the lifting strap, especially the sling, in the relaxed Condition by one or more on the lifting strap, in particular the Noose, forces acting, in particular restoring forces, designed to open automatically is, so that preferably a predetermined, in particular open, Initial state of the lifting belt when not lifting the lifting belt, in particular, the loop is formed.

The invention is based on the idea that by the use of self-opening or automatically opening or automatically opened loops of a lifting band or automatically opened slings, the assembly or disassembly of rotor blades is simplified, which is the lifting strap or the sling of the lifting strap and engages at the Load is applied, thus uncontrolled movements, z. As slides, the recorded load or the recorded rotor blade can be avoided. To handle the large-volume component of a wind turbine or a rotor blade, the lifting strap is in use in close contact with the component or the corresponding contact surfaces in order to secure and hold the component.

According to the invention the lifting strap is replaced by appropriate restoring forces on or in the lifting strap engage, stretched by elastic elements in the initial open initial state or reset, when the load is released from the lifting strap becomes. As a result, it is no longer necessary from the outside manually act on the lifting strap and open, as the clamping or opening the Lifting device in the opened Initial state is automatic. Thus, with only one crane a rotor blade are mounted or dismounted.

According to the invention This is the lifting strap or the trained with a lacing or a sling Lifting strap be designed such that in an arrangement in the lifting strap the sling is pulled, the sling after removal of the Load open so that the handling of such a lifting band is simplified. About that In addition, the time required for an arrangement of an open Lifting belts to a rotor blade or the like shortened because the lifting strap in an open Condition can be easily arranged on the rotor blade.

in the Case of disassembly of an already mounted rotor blade is the lifting device with wide open slings with the help of a crane in the area of the blade tip of the horizontal aligned rotor blade brought. By horizontal process of the Crane boom is then the lifting device with the lifting straps on the Threaded and rotor blade as far as the blade interior towards the rotor hub moves that the lifting point is arranged approximately in the region of the center of gravity of the rotor blade. If necessary, this is for easier threading the Rotor blade tip in the lifting straps the lifting straps over guide ropes, the z. B. are led to the ground, so turned and aligned that threading the sheet easily possible is.

After this the lifting device is positioned, the lifting straps are through Lifting the spreader taut. By adjusting the above Length changing means Then there is an equilibrium adjustment to a tilting of the Rotor blade after detachment largely prevented by the rotor hub. To facilitate the Balance adjustment will be particularly advantageous optical markers used on rotor blade and lifting device, coming from the ground or crane easy to recognize. After the adjustment is then the Rotor blade detached from the rotor hub (eg by loosening of fixing screws). If necessary, another takes place Adjustment after the generated play between rotor hub and rotor blade a very accurate balance adjustment allows before the rotor blade finally detached from the hub and drained to the ground.

Of Furthermore, the lifting strap is characterized by the fact that on the lifting strap at least one on an abutment, z. B. a Traverse or a vertical or horizontal boom, arranged pulling device is provided, so that by the pulling device the lifting strap or the sling of the lifting belt in unloaded or not loaded State automatically open is or will be.

in this connection In particular, the drawing device as a restoring device one or several traction means, for. As tension springs, gas springs, elastic elements such as elastomeric ropes or the like, wherein in particular a or a plurality of traction means on a partially surrounding the lifting strap Frame are arranged. This is for example a loop the hoist around, preferably open, frame formed, the corresponding counter bearing or abutment for the traction means or tension springs or spring pulls forms. In the context of the invention, it is also conceivable that as a pulling device for the even opening the lifting belt in the unloaded state and elastic rods or the like as a bending-restoring device be used. In this case, the rods are preferably, for example made of glass fiber reinforced Plastic (GRP) made. In particular, the frame may also look like be formed elastic elements rule.

According to one further advantageous embodiment the lifting band is provided that along the lifting belt at least a, preferably flexible, bending part provided as an opening restoring device is, in particular at curvature of the Lifting belts, d. H. in the loaded state of the lifting band, and at curvature of the Bending parts of curvature counteracting forces are formed or are, so that by the on the loop of the bent lifting bands acting restoring forces Removal of the handled load the lifting strap in the originally opened Initial state is transferred.

Preferably, the bent part is a return adjusting hose or a restoring element which is formed or arranged on or in the lifting band.

Further the task is solved by a lifting device, in particular a crane, for erecting a Wind energy plant with a load cross-member and / or with a lifting strap, as detailed above have been described. This is also to the above comments explicitly referenced.

Farther the task is solved by use of a lifting belt for handling rotor blades of a Wind energy plant, preferably during assembly or disassembly of a rotor of a wind turbine, wherein the lifting belt according to the preceding Embodiments formed is. To avoid repetition will be to the above description the lifting belt according to the invention expressly directed.

Farther the task is solved by a method for mounting or dismounting a rotor a wind turbine using a previously described Load beam for handling a rotor blade and / or using a lifting belt, as has been described in detail above, for handling a rotor blade. To avoid repetition becomes explicit to the above embodiments a load beam and a lifting belt referenced.

Further Features of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments according to the invention together with the claims and the attached Drawings visible. Embodiments of the invention may be individual Characteristics or a combination of several features.

The Invention will be described below without limiting the general inventive concept the attached Examples of drawings closer described, with respect all in the text not closer explained Details of the invention expressly is referred to the drawings. Show it:

1 schematically a perspective view of an embodiment of a load cross-piece according to the invention;

2 schematically a view of a load spreader, which is arranged on a lifting device;

3 schematically another embodiment of a spreader with a recorded load;

4 schematically a cross section of a view of an arrangement for mounting a lifting strap;

5 schematically a side view of an arrangement for handling a rotor blade and

6 a further schematic view in cross section of an arrangement for mounting a lifting belt according to another embodiment.

In The following figures are each the same or similar elements or corresponding parts provided with the same reference numerals, so that a corresponding renewed idea is ignored.

1 schematically shows a load cross-piece 10 in a perspective view, the load cross-piece 10 from a first, elongated truss part 11 and a likewise elongated second truss part 12 consists. The first truss part 11 and the second truss part 12 are interconnected and can be separated for transport purposes by loosening a few screws or bolts from each other. In a preferred embodiment, insert sheets or Einsteckholme of the second truss part 12 from the first truss part 11 taken and connected to each other by means of one or more safety bolts.

The first truss part 11 has two outer elongated hollow sections 13 , between which inside a hydraulic cylinder 14 is arranged. The hydraulic cylinder 14 is in contact with the second truss part 12 by means of a fork block or the like on the one end face of the first truss part 11 attached. At the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 14 is a rope spreader 15 provided on the two juxtaposed in the first truss part 11 parallel ropes 16 are arranged.

At the outer end of the first truss part 11 is a support plate 17 arranged on the a rope frame with two adjacent pulleys 18 are arranged. The inside of the first truss part 11 running ropes 16 be around the pulleys 18 guided around and up to one above the load crossbar 10 arranged hooks 21 a lifting bottle or crane bottle 20 guided. The point of contact of the ropes 16 with the hook 21 is called a lifting point 22 the crane bottle 20 considered. The ropes are preferred 16 via eyelets or loops on the hook 21 attached.

The second truss part 12 has at the outer end of a cross member 23 , at the eu ßeren end stop eyes 24 are arranged on the top. The two fixed ropes 19 have a non-variable length and extend in the area above the second truss part 12 Isosceles apart, so the fixed ropes 19 with the ropes 16 in the area of the pulleys 18 up to the stop eyes 24 at the opposite end of the crossbar 10 Y-shaped apart.

In the area of the crossbeam 23 is at the outer end of the second truss part 12 stiffened with the help of welded cross-hollow profiles accordingly.

To the length of the cable sections between the pulleys 18 as the first traverse linkage point and the lifting point 22 to change, the hydraulic cylinder 14 operated accordingly, so that by movement of the lifting cylinder 14 the rope length between the pulleys 18 the stopper eyes 24 shortened or lengthened. Here is the suspension geometry of the load bar 10 accordingly in relation to the crane bottle 20 or to the lifting point 22 changed. Due to the small bending radius of thinner cables, the double cable guide allows a small deflection roller diameter and thus a compact design.

At the bottom of the load crossbar 10 In addition, appropriate fastening devices for lifting straps or other fastening measures are provided.

In the 2 and 3 are schematic views of a load cross-piece arranged according to the invention 10 on a crane bottle 20 arranged. At the in 2 illustrated embodiment are at the outer ends of the load crossmember 10 two vertical lifting straps 25 arranged. In the slings 25 Rotor blades are recorded, with the lifting straps 25 after arranging a rotor blade in the slings 25 be lashed to keep the recorded rotor blade slip-proof.

In 3 is an example between the lifting straps 25 held rotor blade 30 located. Depending on the geometry and the center of gravity of the rotor blade 30 can the lifting straps 25 be executed in different lengths.

At the in 2 illustrated embodiment has the load crossmember 10 via a hydraulic cylinder 14 that with a rope 16 connected is. The other end of the rope 16 is at an anchor point 26 the load crossbar 10 attached. Here the rope runs 16 between the lifting cylinder 14 and a pulley 18 horizontally, taking the section of the rope 16 between the pulley and the attachment point 26 triangular over a lifting point 22 the crane bottle 20 runs.

By a hydraulic or pneumatic actuation of the cylinder 14 The length of the rope between the anchor point 18 (Pulley) and the lifting point 22 In this way, a desired inclination or an equilibrium position with and without load (for example a rotor blade) is set. At the in 3 embodiment shown is instead of in 2 used lifting cylinder 14 a winch 27 on the top of the crossbar 10 arranged. By operating the winch 17 will be the length of the rope 16 between the pulley 18 (as the first traverse link point) and the lifting point 22 accordingly shortened or extended.

In 4 is a cross-sectional view of an arrangement for clamping or for opening a lifting strap 125 shown schematically. Here, the arrangement has a traverse 110 on, the side-mounted horizontal boom 112 having. In the end of the vertical boom 112 are lateral vertical arms 114 arranged. The traverse 110 is by means of carrying ropes 116 arranged on a (not shown here) lifting point of a lifting device. Between the suspension cables 116 is the upper part of the lifting band 125 guided.

The lifting strap 125 runs from top to bottom, while in the lower part, which is surrounded by the frame, the out of the crossbar 110 , the horizontal arms 112 and the vertical arms 114 is formed, with the lifting strap 125 a loop 126 so that the lifting strap 125 is designed as a loop or loop-like.

Inside the formed loop of the lifting band 125 is a rotor blade 30 arranged, wherein on the upper-side trailing edge of the rotor blade, a V-shaped edge protector 32 is releasably attached.

Furthermore, the lifting strap 125 above and above the lifting strap 125 arranged tension springs 128 . 129 with the vertical arms 114 and the horizontal arms 112 as well as the traverse 110 connected. Here are the tension springs 128 . 129 designed as elastic spring elements, so that when not loading the lifting belt 125 the lifting strap 125 reversibly brought into the unloaded open state, in which a large-volume component of a wind turbine, z. B. a rotor blade 30 in which loop can subsequently be recorded.

Will when arranging the rotor blade 30 in the sling of the lifting belt 125 the lifting strap 125 tightened, so are the tension springs 128 . 129 elastically stretched, resulting in restoring forces. Will the lifting strap 125 from the handled component or rotor blade 30 solved, pull as trained as reversible tension elements or pulling elements or tension springs 128 . 129 the lifting strap 125 after loosening the tight contact of the lifting belt 125 on the transported or held rotor blade 30 back to the original relaxed initial state.

The tension springs 128 . 129 can be fixed with the lifting strap 125 connected, which in the illustrated embodiment of the sling of the lifting belt 125 a preferably asymmetrical arrangement of the tension springs 128 . 129 conditionally, because when pulling the loop the tension springs 128 . 129 on one side down, on the other side to be stretched upwards. Alternatively, the lifting strap 125 also advantageous by eyelets or rollers at the end of the tension springs 128 . 129 be guided.

In a preferred further embodiment, the sling of the lifting band 125 designed as a symmetrical double loop, ie that both ends of the U-shaped felt around the rotor blade lifting belt 125 be led up to the lifting point. Instead of the loop 126 Are then a ring, eyelet or pulleys or guide rollers on the load bar 110 arranged through both ends of the lifting strap 125 be guided. In this preferred embodiment, the loop then pulls symmetrically, which in particular has the advantage that there is no relative movement between lifting belt 125 and rotor blade surface comes so that the delicate surface of the rotor blade 30 is not scratched by any dirt or sand.

When handling the rotor blade 30 During assembly or disassembly of a wind turbine, the mechanical load is on the blade trailing edge of the rotor blade 30 large, so that very wide straps or lifting straps 125 be used. In addition, preferably more than two lifting straps, the load between them by elastic elements, for. As springs or the like, be balanced used. Moreover, it is within the scope of the invention conceivable that the blade trailing edges of a rotor blade are structurally reinforced in the lifting areas.

In 5 is schematically the slip-proof arrangement of a rotor blade 30 , in the (tightened) slings 125 shown in a further side view. Here is the crossbar 110 with the longitudinal direction in the end regions of the traverse 110 arranged lifting straps 125 so around the center of gravity S of the rotor blade 30 arranged or positioned that the lifting point is positioned substantially perpendicular to the center of gravity S of the rotor blade.

When using the traverse according to the invention and the lifting bands according to the invention 125 It is possible that in the construction of a wind turbine, the rotor blades are arranged on a rotor using only one crane. In the context of the invention, it is of course possible, also in the use of the traverse and the lifting straps 125 to use only one crane as a lifting device when disassembling rotor blades.

In 6 is another embodiment of a lifting belt according to the invention 125 shown schematically in cross section. Here is the lifting strap 125 in the lower area via a reversible and elastic return area 130 , where the lifting strap 125 in the reset area 130 with a flexible element, eg. B. with a rigid elastic wood or a rigid elastic hose or the like, is formed, so that in the unloaded state, the lifting strap 125 is formed independently opening in the lower area. In the upper part of the lifting belt 125 are for connection to the crossbar 110 Tension springs 128 or the like.

In the unloaded state of the lifting belt 125 is thereby a polygonal or in cross-section substantially trapezoidal lifting strap 125 educated. The loop can in this case again be executed on one side or on both sides. In the one-sided loop design, the lifting strap slips when pulling and pulling advantageous by the flexible element, for. B. through the hose. The feathers 128 are then in turn preferably asymmetric or with eyelets. In a preferred two-sided loop guide, the elastic element can be firmly connected to the lifting strap.

By the self-opening or opened lifting straps in the unloaded state, the positioning of the lifting straps on rotor blades or other large volume Components of the wind turbine facilitates. In addition, the costs for the Erection and the time required for the installation of a wind turbine reduced. Furthermore has the lifting strap according to the invention less space required for transport and storage. In addition, will by the simplified handling of the traverse or the lifting straps the Danger of accident for the maintenance or operating personnel reduced.

All of these features, including the drawings alone to be taken as well as individual features that are disclosed in combination with other features are alone and in Kom considered as essential to the invention. Embodiments of the invention may be accomplished by individual features or a combination of several features.

10

Last Traverse

11

first Travers part

12

second Travers part

13

hollow sections

14

hydraulic cylinders

15

Seilspreize

16

ropes

17

support plate

18

idler pulley

19

fixed ropes

20

crane bottle

21

hook

22

lifting point

23

crossbeam

24

stop eye

25

lifting sling

26

anchorage point

27

winch

30

rotor blade

32

edge protector

110

traverse

112

horizontal boom

114

vertical boom

116

supporting cables

125

lifting sling

126

loop

128

mainspring

129

mainspring

130

Reset section

S

main emphasis

Claims (17)

Load crossbar ( 10 ) a lifting device ( 20 ), in particular a crane, for handling rotor blades of a wind energy plant, wherein the load crossmember ( 10 ) at least two transverse pivot points ( 18 . 24 . 26 ), wherein the transverse pivot points ( 18 . 24 . 26 ) the load crossbar ( 10 ) by means of a load connection means ( 16 ) with a lifting point ( 22 ) of the lifting device ( 20 ) is connectable or connected, characterized in that the length of the load connection means ( 16 ) between a truss connection point ( 18 . 24 . 26 ) and the lifting point ( 22 ) is variable, wherein the length of the portion of the load connection means ( 16 ) between the lifting point ( 22 ) and the one or more truss connection points ( 18 . 24 . 26 ) by means of a length change device ( 14 . 27 ) is changeable. Load crossbar ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the length-changing device ( 14 . 27 ) as a rope winds ( 27 ) or a, preferably hydraulically or pneumatically actuated, lifting cylinder ( 14 ) or designed as a spindle drive. Load crossbar ( 10 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the length-changing device ( 14 . 27 ) on or in the load traverse ( 10 ) is arranged. Load crossbar ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the load crossmember ( 10 ) Is T-shaped. Load crossbar ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that several, in particular two or three or four, load cables ( 16 ) as load connection means ( 16 ) are provided. Load crossbar ( 10 ) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the load cables ( 16 ) Y-shaped between the one transverse pivot point ( 18 ) of the longitudinal member of the T-shaped load carrier ( 10 ), preferably at the end of the longitudinal member, and the opposite Traversenanlenkpunkten ( 24 . 26 ) of the cross member of the T-shaped load carrier ( 10 ). Load crossbar ( 10 ) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that on, preferably the two end regions of the underside, the load traverse ( 10 ) Fastening devices, in particular lifting straps ( 25 ), are arranged or are. Load crossbar ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the length-changing device ( 14 . 27 ) is designed by means of a control device, in particular remote control device, controllable or remotely controllable. Use of a load crossbar ( 10 ) for handling rotor blades of a wind energy plant, wherein the load crossmember ( 10 ) is designed according to one of claims 1 to 8. Lifting strap ( 125 ) for handling rotor blades ( 30 ) of a wind turbine, preferably during assembly or disassembly of a rotor, wherein preferably the lifting belt ( 125 ) is formed with a loop or as a loop, characterized in that the lifting strap ( 125 ), in particular the loop, in the relaxed state by one or more forces acting on the lifting belt, in particular the sling, forces, in particular restoring forces, is automatically opening, so that preferably a predetermined initial state under non-load of the lifting belt ( 125 ), in particular the loop is formed. Lifting strap ( 125 ) according to claim 10, characterized characterized in that on the lifting strap ( 125 ) at least one arranged on an abutment pulling device ( 128 . 129 ) is provided. Lifting belt according to claim 11, characterized in that the pulling device ( 128 ) one or more traction means ( 128 . 129 ), wherein in particular the one or more traction means ( 128 . 129 ) on a lifting strap ( 125 ) are arranged at least partially surrounding frame. Lifting strap ( 125 ) according to one of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that along the lifting belt ( 125 ) at least one, preferably flexible, bending part, is provided, wherein in particular at curvature of the lifting belt ( 125 ) and the bending part of the curvature counteracting forces are or are formed. Lifting strap ( 125 ) according to claim 13, characterized in that the bent part is a return hose or a return element. Lifting device ( 20 ), in particular crane, for erecting a wind energy plant with a load crossbeam ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8 and / or with a lifting belt ( 125 ) according to any one of claims 10 to 14. Use of a lifting belt ( 125 ) for handling rotor blades ( 30 ) of a wind turbine, preferably during assembly or disassembly of a rotor of a wind turbine, wherein the lifting belt ( 125 ) is designed according to one of claims 10 to 14. Method for mounting or dismounting a rotor of a wind energy plant using a load beam ( 10 ) for handling a rotor blade ( 30 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8 and / or using a lifting belt ( 125 ) for handling a rotor blade ( 30 ) according to any one of claims 10 to 14.