DE102008015560B4 - Luminaire for vertical arrangement in the room - Google Patents

Abstract

Luminaire, in particular bollard or Lichtstele, with an elongated housing (2) having a lower and an upper end, wherein the direction from the lower end to the upper end defines the longitudinal direction of the lamp and the lamp between the lower and upper end of a lateral surface has one or more light exit surfaces (3a, 3b), wherein one or more light sources (9) are mounted in the interior of the lamp and in the light path of light emerging from a light exit surface (3a, 3b) of the light sources at least one optical device (13a , 13b) having a refractive structure, said optical means having a plurality of successive sections in the longitudinal direction of the luminaire, wherein longitudinally contiguous sections have different refractive structures, the refractive structure of the optical device (13a, 13b) being independent of the resp the light sources (9) coming Deflects light downwards.

Description

The invention relates to a lamp with an elongated housing for vertical arrangement in space, in particular a bollard or a light stele. Previous bollard lights were equipped with a compact fluorescent lamp and a white fan mirror or similar lighting technology.

Out EP 0 637 524 A1 a warning light is known, which is preferably used for vehicles. The warning lamp has a rotating optical unit of several Fresnel lenses, which are arranged around a central lamp. The warning light is surrounded by a cylindrical housing. The optics around the lamp ensures a light bundling.

Out DE 22 19 416 B2 a bollard is known, which has a cylindrical housing and a centrally located lamp. The lamp is surrounded by annular reflector diaphragms, which run in a frustoconical or paraboloidal cross section. The reflector covers provide a light deflection down.

It is the object of the invention to provide a better and more modern lighting technology, preferably in the same bollard available.

According to the invention this object is achieved by a lamp, in particular bollard or Lichtstele, according to claim 1.

The refractive structure of the optical device is preferably formed in a geometrically coherent surface. It can be formed in one optical element or in a plurality of optical elements which together form the said optical device. The optical device can also be formed by a single such optical element, which contains the entire refractive structure. The invention can provide that a plurality of such optical elements are assigned to a light exit surface. In the case of a plurality of light exit surfaces, one, several or all light exit surfaces may be provided with one or more such optical elements, which are preferably formed as indicated above. These optical elements may all or partially have the characteristics described below with respect to an optical element or the optical device.

The invention may provide that the refractive structure of the optical device or an optical element is constant in the circumferential direction.

The invention may provide that the structure of a portion and the structure of the Nth portion following in the longitudinal direction of this portion are different, wherein N is a natural number greater than 1 and in particular may have a value of 2 to 10.

In particular, it can be provided that the next but one section or the third next section has a different structure.

The invention can provide that the light-refracting structure of the optical device deflects light coming from the light source (s) downward, ie. H. with a directional component parallel to the longitudinal axis of the luminaire in the direction toward the lower end of the luminaire. The deflected by the refractive structure light may have a directional component obliquely to the longitudinal axis of the lamp and can in particular be directed into areas that are not directly adjacent to the light. It can be provided, in particular, that the area illuminated by the luminaire begins at a certain radial distance from the luminaire relative to a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction.

The invention may provide that the upper sections of the refractive structure, in particular the section or sections at its upper end or in its upper half, divert the light so that its direction encloses a greater angle with the longitudinal axis of the luminaire than the direction of the light which is deflected in lower-lying sections of the structure, in particular in a section or sections at the lower end of the structure or in its lower half. In particular, the invention may provide that the upper portions of the refractive structure deflect the light into areas farther from the luminaire than the areas to which light is deflected from the lower portions of the structure.

The invention may provide that the refractive structures of the said sections, which follow one another in the longitudinal direction of the luminaire, differ in their structural dimensions with respect to the longitudinal direction, and may also differ in other characteristics characterizing the photorefractive structure.

The structure size with respect to the longitudinal direction is understood to be the dimension of a structural element in the longitudinal direction, for example the distance in the longitudinal direction between two elevations or depressions of the structure. In particular, in a jagged refractive structure, the feature size corresponds to the dimension of a spike in the longitudinal direction.

The invention may provide that the structure size of the refractive structure with respect to the longitudinal direction at its upper end, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the lamp, is smaller than at the lower end of the structure, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the lamp.

The invention may also provide that the refractive structure with respect to a centerline defining, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the luminaire, the center of the structure or the optical device between its upper and lower ends, in the upper half of the structure or the optical device at least Sectionally smaller than the structure size in the lower half of the structure or the optical device, relative to the longitudinal direction. Insofar as the structure sizes are different in the upper and lower halves, it can be provided, in particular, that in a partial area of the upper half, the value of the structure size with respect to the longitudinal direction is smaller than the minimum of the corresponding structure size in the lower half.

The invention may provide that the structure size increases with respect to the longitudinal direction of the luminaire towards the lower end of the luminaire.

The said feature size may decrease in sections, i. H. Within a section, the feature size is the same or the differences in feature size within a section are smaller, in particular, significantly smaller than the differences from the feature sizes in the longitudinal section. However, it can also be provided that the said structure size changes continuously.

The invention may provide that the refractive structure comprises a plurality of sections in the longitudinal direction of the luminaire, wherein the structure is defined in these sections so that at a predetermined distance from the light source in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis or axis of symmetry of the luminaire through the the respective portions of the structure outwardly emitted light is illuminated a contiguous area, wherein the area in which the light of the light source is directed by the different sections, may be different for different sections.

In particular, the invention may provide that two or more of the areas into which the light of the light sources is directed by the sections are different from one another, but these areas overlap or at least directly adjoin one another, so that a coherent illuminated area is formed ,

In particular, the invention may provide that the structure is formed and arranged in the respective sections such that in said contiguous illuminated area at least substantially uniform illuminance in said contiguous area relative to said plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis or axis of symmetry Light, is effected. In particular, it can be provided that the different sections of the refractive structure emit light into different areas and the structure is designed and arranged such that the light portions emitted into the various areas and the overlaps of the areas are such that a uniform illuminance in the illuminated area arises in the said plane.

The invention may provide that the refractive structure has a plurality of sections in the longitudinal direction of the luminaire, wherein the structure in the sections is defined such that at a predetermined distance from the light source in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis or symmetry axis of the luminaire, in which the light of the light source is directed by the different sections respectively, is substantially the same for all sections.

In particular, in the case of a luminaire standing on the ground or anchored in the ground, for example a bollard luminaire or light stele, it can be provided that the light of the light source is directed by the different sections of the optical element respectively into the same region of the floor.

The invention may provide that the refractive structure is asymmetrical with respect to a centerline which defines the center of the structure or the optical device between its upper and lower end relative to the longitudinal direction of the luminaire.

This center line may be defined, for example, by the intersection of a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis with the surface area in which the refractive structure or optical device is formed, this intersection being equal to the upper and lower edges of the refractive structure is far away.

The asymmetry can be related to structural sections as defined above, d. H. a portion that lies above said centerline has a different structure than a sub-midline portion equidistant from the midline.

The invention may provide that the optical device comprises one or more optical elements, which is formed as a Fresnel lens, or consists of one or more optical elements formed as a Fresnel lens.

In particular, the optical device can be formed by a single Fresnel lens.

The invention may provide that with respect to the optical device and / or the refractive structure one or more light sources above the center of the optical element and / or the structure with respect to the longitudinal direction, but preferably, relative to the longitudinal direction, in the region of the optical device or the refractive structure is arranged.

In one embodiment, the entire said lateral surface may be formed as a light exit surface.

The invention may provide that the lateral surface is formed by a housing wall which has one or more light exit openings.

According to a preferred embodiment, one or more of the light exit surfaces are closed with a clear cover glass without a refractive structure.

According to another embodiment, in each case one optical element with a light-refracting structure, for example a Fresnel lens, is provided in one or more of the light exit openings, the structure preferably facing the inside of the luminaire.

The invention can provide that the optical device with the said refractive structure is arranged in the light path of the light emerging from the light exit opening of the light source or light sources in front of the light exit opening.

The invention may provide that one or more optical elements are arranged with a refractive structure in the light path of the light from the light source to the light exit opening in front of the light exit opening. In this case, provision may in particular be made for the light-refracting structure to be formed on the side of the optical device which is opposite to the side of the optical device to which the light coming from the light source is incident. The optical structure has, with respect to the said light path, to a certain extent towards the light exit opening. In particular, it can be provided that the said refractive structure faces the outside of the luminaire.

A lamp according to the invention may comprise a component which may be formed in one or more parts, which has a plurality of optical elements with a refractive structure, which may be associated with different light exit openings.

The invention can provide that one or more optical devices or optical elements with a refractive structure are part of a single-component or multi-component component which, for a specific sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the luminaire, has a self-contained cross-section, z. B. an annular cross-section.

Such a component preferably has a circumferential or at least over parts of its circumference extending edge, which can be supported as a support surface on a suitable support member inside the lamp. The component may also be transparent outside or outside the optical device or regions over its entire area. In particular, it may be provided that this component is translucent over its entire circumference, optionally apart from the upper and / or lower end region, where fastening devices may have to be attached, if necessary.

The invention may provide that one or more of the optical elements are formed with a refractive structure in a tube, the jacket may be partially cut out.

The invention may provide one or more apertures, which are arranged in the light path from the light source to a light exit surface in front of the light exit surface, preferably between one or more of said optical elements and the light exit surface, which limit the area illuminated via the light exit surface.

Such apertures may be used to define the geometry of the illuminated area and / or to sharply limit the illuminated area.

The invention may provide that a diaphragm has one or more openings, through the geometry of which a geometry of the area illuminated via the associated light exit surface is defined at least at a predetermined distance from the light exit surface, for example at the foot of the lamp, which does not affect the symmetry of the lamp with respect to an axis of symmetry in the longitudinal direction of the lamp.

For example, it may be provided that due to the aperture or the aperture in a circular cylindrical lamp, the geometry of the illuminated area is not limited by a circular arc, so for example, no circular sector or no circle segment forms.

The invention may provide that the diaphragm or diaphragms are formed such that the illuminated surface has the shape of a square, a pentagon or an ellipse or, in particular with a plurality of light exit surfaces with associated diaphragms, forms a plurality of rectangular, pentagonal or elliptical illuminated regions become.

The invention can provide that one or more diaphragms are formed in a tube, for example a cylindrical tube.

Preferably, this tube has an edge which forms a support surface for a support element of the lamp, which supports this tube from below. The tube can be formed by a sheet metal cylinder.

The invention may provide that a single light exit surface extending over the entire circumference is provided.

The invention can also provide that several, in particular two light exit surfaces and / or diaphragms, which optionally define different illuminated areas in the case of a larger light exit area, are distributed over the circumference of the luminaire, preferably distributed symmetrically.

The invention may provide that the lower end of the luminaire is designed for mounting on or in the ground.

The invention may provide that the lower end of the luminaire is designed for attachment to a vertical support, in particular to a support which can be anchored in the ground, for example a column.

The luminaire according to the invention may in particular have the shape of a column or a light stele or the shape of another body whose length is greater, in particular significantly greater than its width and depth or whose length from one end to the other is greater than the dimension in any arbitrary Direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. It may in particular have a cylindrical shape, pyramid shape or conical shape or a shape defined by the intersection of a plane with a cylinder, a pyramid or a cone, for example a truncated cone shape or a truncated pyramidal shape.

For the luminaire according to the invention preferably lamps, in particular rod-shaped lamps are used. A preferred light source is a high-pressure discharge lamp, in particular a high-pressure metal halide discharge lamp. As the light source, however, an LED or a group of LEDs, for example a group of linearly or cylindrically arranged LEDs, may also be used. Likewise, a halogen incandescent lamp or a group of halogen incandescent lamps can be used as the light source, which can be arranged in a similar manner or in the same way as LEDs.

According to one embodiment of the invention, one or more light sources are used, the light-emitting area of which is highly concentrated, so that the light output of the light source approaches that of a punctiform light source.

Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 shows a longitudinal section through a bollard light according to the invention.

2a to 2c each show a view of a single-sided radiating bollard luminaire according to the invention with an aperture,

3a to 3c show different geometries of the illuminated area of a bollard light with aperture invention.

4a to 4c show various perspective views of a lamp according to the invention without aperture.

5a to 5c show different geometries of the illuminated area in a luminaire without aperture.

6a to 6c show different geometries of the illuminated area with an all-round radiation.

1 shows a cross section through a bollard light according to the invention 1 with two-sided radiation. This lamp has a circular cylindrical housing 2 on, at its upper end two opposing light exit openings 3a and 3b Each has a clear, unstructured lens 5a respectively. 5b , preferably made of polycarbonate, are closed. At the top of the case is a lid 7 provided that can be removable or fixed, for example glued. Inside the luminaire is an elongated lamp as a light source 9 , In the embodiment shown, a high-pressure discharge lamp of the type HIT, z. B. with a power of 20 W, arranged such that its longitudinal axis is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the lamp as a whole and preferably coincides with the axis of symmetry of the lamp. In such high-pressure discharge lamps, the light-emitting region is highly concentrated, so that the light output approaches the light output of a punctiform light source. The lamp 9 is in a version 11 mounted, which with a ballast 12 and optionally other electrical equipment connected in the area below the light exit openings 3a and 3b are provided. In the radial direction between the lamp and the cover disks 5a and 5b are each two z. B. Fresnel lenses made of PMMA 13a and 13b provided by which the lamp 9 outgoing light coming from the light exit openings 3a and 3b leaking, broken and distracted in the manner described in more detail below. Further, between the Fresnel lenses 13a and 13b and the cover discs 5a and 5b a blinding tube 15 provided, which at one with the cover 7 connected cover plate 17 connected to the lid 7 in a suitable manner, for example by screwing or gluing, is connected and z. B. may also be spring-mounted. Below the light exit openings is a metal plate 18 provided, which the Fresnel lenses 13a and 13b and the bladder tube 15 supported.

The two fresnel lenses 13a and 13b have several in the vertical direction, that is parallel to the longitudinal axis, successive sections in which the structure of the lens is different. In a first section A, the structure consists of relatively closely spaced serrations. Region B corresponds to the typical center region of a Fresnel lens, in which case the dimensions of the structures are larger with respect to the longitudinal direction of the luminaire. Following this, a third region C can be seen, in which the structure is less pronounced. This division into areas is merely exemplary. A Fresnel lens according to the invention may also have a different number of such areas. Likewise, one could make a finer or different division for the lens shown concretely. In this connection, it is important that the refractive behavior of the Fresnel lens changes from top to bottom in the longitudinal direction. One recognizes in 1 in that the discharge vessel 19 the lamp 9 is above the center of the Fresnel lens, based on the dimension in the vertical direction or longitudinal direction, and is therefore arranged asymmetrically with respect to this center. This asymmetrical arrangement of the lamps 9 With respect to the plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the Fresnel lenses or the light exit openings has, in conjunction with the different structure of the Fresnel lenses in the areas A, B and C, with the result that the light of the lamp, which on the areas A, B and C is incident with different angles of incidence, is directed into the same area to be illuminated, z. B. in a floor area to be illuminated.

The blinding tube 15 is in the area of the light exit surface 13a and 13b cut in a certain shape, which is selected so that the illuminated area at the foot of the lamp, hereinafter also called light surface, has a certain shape. An exemplary detail of such a detail 21 of the bladder tube 15 is in 2 to see which has a one-sided radiating light with a single, over a range of about 120 ° extending light exit opening.

In 3a to 3c various exemplary forms of the light surface are shown, which can be achieved with such a section in the diaphragm tube or, if no such tube is used, with corresponding aperture, the dashed limited area in a one-sided radiating light, as shown in FIG 2a to 2c is shown, deleted. For example, a pentagon shape of the light surface composed of a rectangle and a triangle attached thereto along the large side may be generated by such a diaphragm. 3a ). Alternatively, you can set the aperture so that the light area is a rectangle ( 3b ) or an ellipse ( 3c ). Such areas of light can be defined on one side (solid lines) or on both sides / symmetrically (solid lines and dashed lines).

5a shows the light area of a one - sided radiating lamp without a glare tube, as in 4a to 4c is shown. 5b schematically shows the light surface in a modification of a two-sided radiating light, as in 1 is shown, in which no Blendentubus is present. The light area is through a circle, with the light 1 as a center, limited and can in particular form a circular sector. It has on the radiating side in a one-sided emitting light ( 5a ) or on both sides with a two-sided radiating lamp ( 5b ) In certain embodiments, an opening angle α in the range of 90 ° to 160 °, in particular 120 ° or 130 °.

For unilateral radiation, this angle can also be greater than 180 ° and basically take any value from 180 ° to 360 °.

5c shows the light surface of another embodiment in which the light exit surface extends over the entire circumference of the lamp, so over 360 °. Here, the light area is a circle with the light as the center. In the case of this luminaire, too, a geometry deviating from the circular shape can be imparted to the light surface by means of a diaphragm tube, as has been described above. In 6a to 6c are various examples of such light surface forms illustrated, namely a square ( 6a ), an ellipse ( 6b ) and a circular ring ( 6c ), wherein in the latter case in the immediate vicinity of the lamp is a non-illuminated section, ie the light surface begins only at a certain distance from the lamp.

The features of the invention disclosed in the description, the claims and the drawings may be essential both individually and in any combination for the realization of the invention in its various embodiments.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

lamp

2

casing

3a, 3b

Light opening

5a, 5b

lens

7

cover

9

light source

11

version

12

ballast

13a, 13b

Fresnel lens

15

Insert a diaphragm

17

cover

18

metal plate

19

discharge vessel

21

Detail of the aperture tube

Claims (17)

Luminaire, in particular bollard or Lichtstele, with an elongated housing ( 2 ) with a lower and an upper end, wherein the direction from the lower end to the upper end defines the longitudinal direction of the luminaire and the luminaire between the lower and the upper end has a lateral surface which has one or more light exit surfaces ( 3a . 3b ), wherein inside the lamp one or more light sources ( 9 ) are mounted and in the light path of a light exit surface ( 3a . 3b ) emitted light of the light sources at least one optical device ( 13a . 13b is arranged with a refractive structure, said optical device having a plurality of sections in the longitudinal direction of the luminaire, wherein in the longitudinal direction immediately successive sections have different refractive structures, wherein the refractive structure of the optical device ( 13a . 13b ) of the light source (s) ( 9 ) deflecting light downwards. Luminaire according to claim 1, characterized in that the structure size is greater with respect to the longitudinal direction of the luminaire at the lower end of the optical structure than at the upper end of the optical structure. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the refractive structure comprises a plurality of sections in the longitudinal direction of the luminaire, wherein the structure is defined in the sections so that at a predetermined distance from the light source in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis the lamp, the areas in which the light from the light source is directed by the different sections each, together form a continuous area in this plane. Luminaire according to claim 3, characterized in that the structure in the sections is defined so that the illuminance in said continuous area is substantially constant. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the refractive structure has a plurality of successive in the longitudinal direction of the lamp sections, wherein the structure is defined in the sections so that at a predetermined distance from the light source in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis the light of the area in which the light from the light sources is directed by the different sections, is substantially the same for all sections. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the refractive structure is asymmetrical with respect to a center line which, with respect to the longitudinal direction of the luminaire, defines the center of the structure or the optical device between its upper and lower ends. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the optical device ( 13a . 13b ) comprises one or more optical elements, which are formed as a Fresnel lens, or consists of one or more optical elements designed as a Fresnel lens. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that one or more light sources above the center of the optical element and / or the structure are arranged with respect to the longitudinal direction. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the lateral surface is formed by a housing wall, the one or more light exit openings ( 3a . 3b ) having. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that one or more optical elements having a refractive structure ( 13a . 13b ) in the light path of the light from the light source to the light exit opening ( 3a . 3b ) are arranged in front of the light exit opening. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized by a component which may be formed in one or more parts, and having a plurality of optical elements having a refractive structure. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that one or more optical devices or optical elements with a refractive structure are part of a one- or multi-part device, which for a particular sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the lamp a self-contained cross-section having. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that one or more optical elements are formed with a refractive structure in a tube. Luminaire according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized by one or more apertures ( 15 ), which are arranged in the light path from the light source to a light exit surface in front of the light exit surface. Luminaire according to claim 14, characterized in that a diaphragm ( 15 ) has one or more apertures, the geometry of which defines a geometry of the surface illuminated by the associated light exit surface at least at a predetermined distance from the light exit surface, which does not have the symmetry of the luminaire with respect to an axis of symmetry in the longitudinal direction of the luminaire. Luminaire according to claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the diaphragm or the apertures are formed so that the illuminated surface has the shape of a square, a rectangle, a pentagon or an ellipse or a plurality of rectangular, pentagonal or elliptical illuminated areas are formed , Luminaire according to one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that one or more apertures in a tube ( 15 ) are formed.

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