DE102008002114A1 - Single track relay and starter - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a Einspurrelais (1) for a stator (10) of an internal combustion engine having a relay winding (2) with an armature (3) with which a lever for meshing a pinion of a starter (10) is operable in a ring gear of the internal combustion engine, and with a changeover switch (4) on the armature (3), which in rest position, a first circuit to the starter (3) via a resistor (5) closes and after energizing the relay winding (2) the starter (10) in a second circuit directly to the power supply switches to slow down the starter (10) and drive after the pinion meshes. In order to simplify the installation of the single-track relay (1) and to reduce the relay heating of the single-track relay (1), the first circuit has a compact resistor (5) of resistive material which is spatially separated from the relay winding (2).

Description

The The invention relates to a Einspurrelais for the starter an internal combustion engine with a relay winding, with an armature, with a lever for meshing a pinion from a starter can be actuated in a ring gear of the internal combustion engine and with a switch on the anchor, which in rest position a first Circuit for slowly starting the starter via a Resistor closes and after energizing the relay winding the starter in a second circuit directly to the electrical power supply switches to the internal combustion engine after meshing the pinion with to drive maximum electrical energy. The invention relates further to a starter for an internal combustion engine with a Einspurrelais, in particular with the features described above, with a Zitzelverdreheinrichtung, wherein the Zitzelverdreheinrichtung the Switch with a resistor for slowly starting the starter includes.

It are single-stage and two-stage starters as electrical machines for starting an internal combustion engine known. A one-step system has a pull-in winding and a holding winding. With the single track winding is the anchor and the movable pinion meshed with and held the retaining winding in the engaged state. The single track winding generates a higher magnetic flux than the holding winding, so that through the combination of retraction and holding winding the Relay heating total compared to the starter is reduced with only a pull-in winding.

One two-stage starter works with a slow scratching or twisting device in the first stage. In the first stage the current at the starter is switched by a switched electric Resistance reduced and in the second stage is the starter to the electrical power directly to and thus turns maximum.

One Two-stage system usually has only one pull-in winding and no separate holding winding. The resistance for the first stage is meandering in recent developments as resistance wire meandering in the relay winding integrated or arranged outside.

Of the The following prior art is known for example for this purpose.

The EP 0 953 200 B1 describes an engagement relay for a starter of an internal combustion engine with a switch as a changeover contact, which switches in the rest position, the starter motor for smooth starting via a resistor and in the working position directly to the electrical supply, in which case the resistor is turned off. The resistor is meandering integrated as a resistance wire or arranged on the outside of the pull-in winding.

It is an object of the invention, a Einspurrelais and a starter of the aforementioned type in such a way that the Einspurrelais is simple and reduces a relay heating is.

According to the invention the object by the subject of the claims 1 and 7 solved. Advantageous developments emerge from the dependent claims.

One essential idea of the invention is the resistance outside to arrange the relay winding, thus the heating behavior in the relay and reduce the resistance to a compact size to concentrate.

The Task is solved with a single track relay, the the first circuit a compact resistor made of resistance material having spatially separated from the relay winding is. This results in a simple construction, since that resistance material Easy to arrange and not complicated inside and outside the relay winding must be integrated. This creates a simplified Production with high rationalizing potential. The warming a resistance wire according to the prior art had the disadvantage that these melt at too high currents can become so electrically conductive and possibly a electrical connection to the relay coil can go to, what to could cause a false control of the starter and thus to a total failure of the starting system. By the spatial Separation of the resistance allows the necessary Verdrehstrom through Adjusting the resistance is easy.

According to one The invention further developing embodiment is the resistor formed at the switch. This has the advantage that the resistance is separated from the relay winding and a heating the relay winding does not directly effect, causing a burnout of the resistor has no direct influence on the relay winding Has. A burn through of the resistor to the stand the technique with wound resistance wire is also prevented by that a compact, thicker resistance material is used.

To the switching, moving armature weight as possible and thus easily form with a contact plate, which switches the two circuits, the first and the second, respectively, the resistor is fixed to the switch. From the contact plate at anchor thus the first circuit is closed with the stationary resistor. The contact plate of the anchor then closes as well after extending the second circuit.

Around the resistance to thermal heating of the relay winding Protected by Einspurrelais, is preferred, the resistance alternatively movably arranged at the armature for switching, wherein the Resistor conducts only in the first circuit and in the second current an electrically highly conductive material, in particular a contact plate, is switched.

According to one preferred embodiment is the resistor as a plate and formed thereon a conductive contact plate attached to the anchor, wherein the contact plate to the contacts of the second circuit is adjusted. Such an embodiment is a compact one and simple construction of few components.

Around to reduce heating of the relay winding is the Relay winding formed with a pull-in and a holding winding. Thus, by an external pilot control relay, the pull-in winding and at the same time a low torsional current for the starter activated and after reaching the anchor in its extended position, d. H. a switching of the second circuit of the pull-in winding the holding winding switched, the lower heating the Einspurrelais generated because less power and a smaller magnetic flux is produced.

The Task is also with a starter for an internal combustion engine, solved by making the resistor of compact resistor material is and spatially from the relay winding of the Einspurrelais is disconnected. The resistor is an ohmic resistor and can in electric circuit at the electric starter at any Be placed where it is electrically separated from other components is. The resistance can also be external to the housing be accessible to be set individually.

Prefers is the resistance to the latching relay according to above arranged features arranged.

It It is understood that the above and below to be explained features not only in the specified Combination, but also usable in other combinations.

The Invention will be described below with reference to exemplary embodiments explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show it:

1 a schematic side view of a Einspurrelais,

2 an electrical diagram of a starter at power up,

3 a schematic side view of an indented Einspurrelais and

4 one 3 corresponding electrical circuit diagram of a starter with engaged single track relay.

The 1 shows in a schematic side view abstracted and simplified a Einspurrelais 1 with a relay winding 2 and one within the relay winding 2 movably arranged anchor 3 , The anchor 3 is acted upon with springs, not shown, against which the anchor 3 during energization of the relay winding 2 moves in the opposite direction and thus engages a not shown pinion in a ring gear of an internal combustion engine. So that the pinion can be gently engaged by the starter and does not collide tooth to tooth with the pinion and ring gear, a first stage with a small starting current is provided in the two-stage starter and a second stage, in which the starter is supplied with the full electrical power supply. At the anchor 3 is a switcher 4 intended for switching the two-stage system. The anchor 3 at rest closes a first circuit to the starter via a resistor 5 , Due to the resistance 5 a small starting current and thus a small twist on the starter is generated, which slightly rotates the pinion, so that the pinion engages gently in the ring gear.

According to the invention, the resistance at the armature is directly as a resistance plate 5 made of a compact resistance material. The resistance plate 5 connects two electrically conductive connections 6 . 7 of the first circuit. The connection 6 will also clamp 45 called and is preferably grounded. The connection 7 gets pinch 50i called because this connection is controlled by a pilot control relay with a small control current. On the resistance plate 5 there is an electrically conductive contact plate 8th , which has no significant ohmic resistance. The contact plate 8th connects contacts 11 . 12 that with clamp 30 and 45 be designated, preferably have a cone-shaped contact head. The contact plate 8th closes a second circuit when the armature 3 has pressed a lever and thus has engaged the pinion from the starter in the sprocket.

Closing the second circuit directly triggers the starter with the electrical power supply without the resistor 5 , For example, in a direct power supply for a starter in a truck 1500 amps and a cranking current flow through a resistor 5 is in the Range from 150 to 200 amps.

The 2 shows a schematic circuit diagram for switching on the Einspurrelais 1 , First, the single track relay is connected to the terminal 50i energized by actuation of a pilot control relay, not shown. At the same time, current also flows through the resistor 5 to the starter 10 , The starter 10 thus slowly rotates the pinion, which is engaged in the ring gear to start the engine. By turning a blocking is prevented. The starting current flows a few fractions of a second, because the Einspurrelais 1 over the anchor 3 , the switch 4 pressed and the electricity, as in 4 shown over the clamp 30 to the starter 10 passes.

The 3 shows in one of the 1 corresponding schematic Seitenan view, the engagement relay 1 with a disengaged anchor 3 due to energization of the relay winding 2 ,

According to a further preferred embodiment, the relay winding comprises 2 a retraction and a holding winding. When closing the contacts 11 . 12 of the second circuit with the contact plate 8th the pull-in winding is turned off and the holding winding is turned on, so that the Einspurrelais 1 a lower heating experiences, since the holding winding is driven with a lower current. This results in a longer life of the Einspurrelais 1 with frequent and longer launches.

The resistance 5 which can have any shape at the anchor and is made of any resistance material, breaks the terminals 6 . 7 which may also be referred to as Öffnerkontakte, from the first circuit.

The 4 shows an electrical circuit diagram a closed second circuit at the switch 4 due to the energization of the Einspurrelais 1 with a relay winding 3 or according to a preferred embodiment with a lower energized holding winding. The resistance 5 can be designed and formed optimized to the rotation. Influences on the relay winding 2 or holding winding are no longer to be considered, as a spatial separation to the resistance 5 is provided. Thus, the construction is significantly simplified and the heating behavior of the Einspurrelais 1 is reduced, which leads to an extension of the maximum duty cycle or to a higher number of operations. In addition, the production is much easier and cheaper, since a winding of a resistance wire is avoided.

All Figures show only schematic not to scale Representations. Incidentally, in particular, the graphic Illustrations for the invention as essential.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Cited patent literature

• EP 0953200 B1 [0006]

Claims (7)

Single track relay ( 1 ) for a starter ( 10 ) of an internal combustion engine with a relay winding ( 2 ) with an anchor ( 3 ), with which a lever for engaging a pinion of a starter ( 10 ) is operable in a ring gear of the internal combustion engine and with a switch ( 4 ) at the anchor ( 3 ) at rest a first circuit to the starter ( 3 ) via a resistor ( 5 ) and after energizing the relay winding ( 2 ) the starter ( 10 ) turns into a second circuit directly to the power supply to the starter ( 10 ) slowly turn and after driving the pinion drive, characterized in that the first circuit a compact resistor ( 5 ) of resistance material spatially from the relay winding ( 2 ) is disconnected. Single track relay ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the resistance ( 5 ) at the switch ( 4 ) is trained. Single track relay ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the resistance ( 5 ) stationary at the switch ( 4 ) is arranged. Single track relay ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the resistance ( 5 ) movable at anchor ( 3 ) is arranged for switching, wherein the resistance ( 5 ) conducts only in the first circuit and in the second circuit an electrically conductive material is connected. Single track relay ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the resistance ( 5 ) is formed as a plate and thereon a conductive contact plate, which is adapted to the contacts of the second circuit. Single track relay ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the relay winding ( 2 ) is formed with a retraction and a Hal tewicklung. Starter for an internal combustion engine with a Einspurrelais ( 1 ), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 6, with an electric pinion turning device, wherein the pinion turning device comprises a changeover switch with a resistance ( 5 ) for slowly starting the starter ( 10 ), characterized in that the resistance ( 5 ) made of compact resistor material and spatially from the relay winding of the Einspurrelais ( 1 ) is disconnected.