DE102006013851A1 - Method for vibration damping of rail track onto an elastomer base layer and with ballast layers between elastomer layers - Google Patents

Abstract

An improved method for vibration damping of a rail track has a base elastomer layer (4) supported on the foundation, e.g. the earth and with layers of ballast (2) sandwiched between elastomer or geotextile layers (3). The spacing and mass of the layers provides a wide range of damping frequencies. Additional support is provided by wire mesh inserted into the sandwich layers.

Description

The The invention relates to a device for reducing vibrations on railway tracks for rail-bound vehicles, in particular railways. such Track systems usually have one Superstructure, which has rails mounted on sleepers and a the superstructure bearing substructure.

at conventional track systems, the superstructure is usually from a bed formed from loose gravel, in which the sleepers with the rails lie. This superstructure is carried by a substructure, which at aboveground routes i.d.R. is formed from soil. in this connection it can be cross-country Layers, cuts or dams act. The storage of the track grid in a bed of loose gravel can be characterize as "floating". Track rust and gravel bed act like a big spring when overrolled. Also, a substructure of soil has a springy effect of dependent on its rigidity is.

Out DE 40 07 710 track systems are known in which the superstructure is designed as a so-called. Solid track. In principle, slab tracks can either be laid on a ground plane or in a tunnel on the tunnel floor. The track is not carried by a ballasted track on a slab track, but mounted in or on a solid concrete floor. This embodiment has a stable positioning of the track relative to the concrete sole result and the transverse forces are absorbed. Problems arise, however, in the production of the track system, which requires a high degree of accuracy. Also, later corrections can only be made to a limited extent and at a considerable cost.

Out DE 41 00 881 is a track system for rail vehicles, especially for railroads known that combines the benefits of slab track with those of a ballast track. The superstructure in such a track system is formed by a concrete trough. The trough receives a ballast bed supportive, in turn, the track grid consisting of rails and sleepers is resiliently mounted. As a substructure usually serves a Erdplanum.

disadvantage said track systems of the prior art is that shocks, which are generated by rail traffic during the crossing over the superstructure, be forwarded to the adjacent area. So in particular occur in neighboring buildings Vibrations and vibrations on that to an invalid harassment the resident lead can.

to solution This problem is from Josef Eisenmann, Florian Deischl "Nachträglicher Pollution control at the underpass of the Museum of Art and trade (MfKG) in Hamburg ", in railway engineer 39, 1988, low-lying ballast mats in a tunnel known under the MfKG. Such a low-lying Unterschottermatte lies on a 25 cm thick rigid base course in the form of a concrete slab. On the low-lying ballast mat In turn, a mass-spring system consisting of a Kiestragschicht applied with superposed gravel superstructure.

disadvantage the low-lying ballast mat on a concrete slab, however, is that the vibration radiating area due to the flexural rigidity of the plate is increased and the concrete slab to additional Construction costs leads.

It It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a device with which the disadvantages of the prior art are eliminated and a cost-effective shock protection guaranteed with low tuning frequencies becomes.

These The object is in connection with the preamble of claim 1 according to the invention the features specified in claim 1 solved.

According to the invention on a highly elastic elastomer layer several layers of material brought in. The elastomer layer is in particular directly placed on the Erdplanum. Located on the topmost material layer the gravel superstructure. Due to the high mass of the different layers of material layers and ballast superstructure, connected with the high elasticity the elastomer layer, a vibration-reducing effect is achieved.

The vibration-reducing Effect is based in particular on a vibration insulation, in the impact of the elastomer layer on it due to a discontinuity the density and / or stiffness of the elastomer layer and the density and / or rigidity of the substructure or of the different material layers reflected. Associated with this, the vibration-reducing effect is based a difference between the mechanical input impedance of the elastomeric layer and the mechanical input impedance of the substructure (s) Material layers. Mechanical input impedances are equivalent to electrical impedances.

For both mechanical and electrical impedances, the collision of two media or components with different impedances, a so-called impedance jump, causes a Reflection of waves impinging on the corresponding junction. In this case, it applies in particular that the greater the difference of the impedances, the greater the proportion of the waves incident on the connection point is reflected and the lesser proportion is transmitted. As a result, a portion of the waves impinging on the junction between the elastomeric layer and the substructure (s), which are generated by crossing a train, is reflected at that juncture.

Farther become the dynamic forces reduced overall in the system. This is achieved through a better Load distribution on the ground (extension of the bending line).

Claims 2 to 12 include advantageous embodiments the solution of the invention Claim 1.

According to claim 2, at least one further geotextile between the material layers is or elastomer layer introduced. By this layering arises a series connection of several masses, in particular formed by the material layers, and spring-damper systems, which are formed in particular by the elastomer layers. A Connecting several masses and spring-damper systems in series is known to produce a damping and / or insulation a particularly wide frequency range, allowing a forwarding from shaking can be reduced from a wide frequency range.

According to claim 3, the lowest elastomer layer lies directly on a ground plane on. Thus, there are only comparatively minor measures necessary for compaction of the substructure. In particular, none rigid support layer in the form of a concrete slab required.

According to claim 4, the material layers are made out of gravel base layers. This has the advantage that the track system made of similar material is manufactured and thus only one type of material for the production and Maintenance in stock must be kept. Furthermore, gravel is a common in railway superstructure Material that is inexpensive and in big Quantity available is.

According to claim 5, the elastomer layer is made up as an elastomer mat. Elastomer mats are in different shapes and thicknesses as well as under different rigidity or moduli of elasticity produced. this makes possible advantageous for different Structural conditions and requirements different elastomer mats are usable.

According to claim 6 is between the individual layers of material and / or on the Elastomer layer a geotextile inserted. This will be advantageous the necessary compaction of the material layers on the elastomer layer ensured.

According to claim 7 is between the individual layers of material and / or on the Elastomer layer inserted a wire mesh. Especially in the mesh The wire mesh collects gravel or other coarse-grained material and is held by the wire material. This leads particularly advantageous to stabilize the directly adjacent material layers.

According to claim 8 becomes at least in particular at dam layers and large material layer thicknesses an elastomer layer, a geotextile and / or a wire mesh laterally led out of the material layers and for lateral protection used the Schottertragschicht. The material layers are thus in cage-like Structures, called gabions, kept. This prevents advantageous the flow the material layers at high dynamics, i. high dynamic Charges due to a high number of overcoming trains as well as passing trains with high Axle loads or a soft substructure, otherwise gravel could run sideways.

• – mehrere Materialschichten und insbesondere ein ganzer Hang eines Bahndammes als Dämm- und/oder Dämpfungsmaßnahme verwendet werden kann,
• – die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Verminderung von Erschütterungen auch zur Stabilisierung eines Bahndammes verwendet werden kann,
• – größere Dicken der Materialschichten und damit größere Massen und tiefere Frequenzen realisiert werden können.

Furthermore, this advantageously achieves that

• A plurality of material layers and in particular a whole slope of a railway embankment can be used as insulation and / or damping measure,
• The device according to the invention can also be used for the stabilization of a railway embankment to reduce shocks,
• - Larger thicknesses of the material layers and thus larger masses and lower frequencies can be realized.

According to claim 9 can depending on the application, several elastomer layers with different Stiffnesses and according to claim 10 different thicknesses of the material layers are used. this makes possible advantageous a vote of the system to structural conditions of Environment, in particular an avoidance of ceiling resonances or secondary Airborne sound in neighboring buildings.

According to claim 11 can the material layers have different grading curves. That has the advantage that the material layers of granular material with almost consist of the same grain size and thus are more compactable.

The invention is explained below with reference to an embodiment and a drawing with a figure. 1 shows schematically a track system for rail vehicles, which consists of several layers.

In the particularly advantageous embodiment, according to 1 on a highly elastic elastomer layer 4 in the form of an elastomer mat several layers of material 2 , in particular base layers of crushed stone introduced. The elastomer layer 4 is thereby directly on the substructure / substrate 5 , in particular Erdplanum, laid. The top layer of material becomes the ballast superstructure 1 built. Due to the high mass of the different layers of material layers 2 and gravel superstructure 1 , combined with the high elasticity of the elastomer layer 4 , a vibration-reducing effect is achieved. To the necessary compression of the material layers 2 on the elastomeric layers 4 can ensure between each material layers 2 and / or on the elastomeric layer 4 a geotextile 3 be inserted. In dam layers and large material layer thicknesses, an additional geotextile is led out laterally and used for lateral protection of the gravel base layer, so-called gabions. This prevents the flow of material layers with high dynamics. Through the use of elastomer layers 4 with different stiffness and different thicknesses of the material layers 2 a vote of the system is carried out in particular to avoid ceiling resonances in adjacent buildings.

1

ballasted

2

material layer

3

geotextile

4

elastomer layer

5

Base / substrate

Claims (12)

Device for reducing vibrations on track systems for rail-bound vehicles, comprising a ballasted track ( 1 ) with rails mounted on sleepers and one of the ballast superstructures ( 1 ) supporting substructure ( 5 ), characterized in that on at least one elastomer layer ( 4 ) on the substructure ( 5 ), several material layers ( 2 ) and on the uppermost layer of material the ballast superstructure ( 1 ) is applied. Device for reducing vibrations on railway tracks according to claim 1, characterized in that between the material layers ( 2 ) at least one further geotextile or elastomer layer ( 4 ) is introduced. Device for reducing vibrations on railway tracks according to at least one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the lowermost elastomer layer ( 4 ) rests directly on a Erdplanum. Device for reducing vibrations on track systems according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the material layers ( 2 ) are made as a base course of gravel. Device for reducing vibrations on track systems according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the elastomer layer ( 4 ) is made as an elastomer mat. Device for reducing vibrations on track systems according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that between the individual material layers ( 2 ) and / or on the elastomer layer ( 4 ) a geotextile ( 3 ) is inserted. Device for reducing vibrations on track systems according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between the individual material layers ( 2 ) and / or on the elastomer layer ( 4 ) a wire mesh is inserted. Device for reducing vibrations on track systems according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one elastomer layer ( 4 ) and / or at least one geotextile and / or at least one wire grid laterally from the material layers ( 2 ) and the material layers ( 2 ) at the side. Device for reducing vibrations on track systems according to at least one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the elastomer layers ( 4 ) have different stiffnesses. Device for reducing vibrations on railway tracks according to at least one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the material layers ( 2 ) have different thicknesses. Device for reducing vibrations on track systems according to at least one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the material layers ( 2 ) have different grading curves. Device for reducing vibrations on track systems according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized that the device is used in - one terrain with the same height Location and / or - dam layers and or - cuts.