DE102005028093B3 - Method for the tapered simultaneous production of a tapered roller bearing inner ring and a tapered roller bearing outer ring used in rolling bearings comprises deforming an annular or plate-like metal sheet an further processing - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for the tapered simultaneous production of a tapered roller bearing inner ring (1) and a tapered roller bearing outer ring (2) comprises deforming an annular or plate-like metal sheet, embossing an upper front surface and/or side surface, pre-pressing the outer ring from part (9) of a pot-like body lying next to an upper opening and pre-pressing the inner ring from part (10) of the pot-like body facing the upper opening, embossing a throat (11) between the two parts of the pot-like body, pressing the two rings and separating the outer ring from the inner ring. Preferred Features: The inner ring is removed from the remaining part of the metal sheet directly before or after the final step.

Description

The The invention relates to a process for simultaneous production a tapered roller bearing inner race and a tapered roller bearing outer race.

at the production of rings of rolling bearings Occasionally, the sheet metal forming is used.

The DE 199 45 904 A1 discloses the manufacture of a needle bearing cup from a sheet metal part, wherein an inner and an outer bearing cup are interconnected. The bearing cups can be produced by a forming process.

From the DE 199 08 158 A1 is a double-row angular contact ball bearing known whose outer ring is formed by a bent sheet metal. The sheet is folded and at the same time forms a radially extending flange. In one end of the sheet, the raceways for the balls are formed.

The use of formed sheet metal is also known in a swash bearing, as in the DE 198 81342 C1 is described. The necessary for such storage axial ball bearing is formed by a correspondingly shaped sheet metal, in which the raceways are formed for the balls.

Finally, the reveals DE 94 08 057 U1 a Tripodenrolle for a constant velocity joint, wherein the inner ring of this case used for needle bearing is formed by a correspondingly shaped sheet metal part, which is shaped so that form lateral Begrenzungsborde.

at Tapered roller bearings are not known such embodiments, since This is relatively difficult due to the complex shape of the tapered roller bearing rings is. The bearing ring must have both a cylindrical and a conical surface, which With sheet metal forming is difficult to accomplish. Therefore, be Taper roller bearing rings usually made of solid material by usual Turning made.

The US 1,387,638 discloses a method of simultaneously producing a tapered roller bearing inner race and a tapered roller bearing outer race. Starting material is a disc-shaped board, from which two tapered roller bearing rings are gradually produced, wherein a forming process, ie a deep-drawing and punching process, is used.

Of the Invention is based on the object, a method for combined Production of a tapered roller bearing outer ring and a tapered roller bearing inner ring to propose it in a cost effective and easy way possible is to form such rings from a sheet-metal output part. The Rings should be as possible have high precision. Turning operations should be dispensable.

• a) Umformen eines ringförmigen oder scheibenförmigen Blechs mit im wesentlichen konstanter Blechdicke zu einem topfförmigen Körper mit einer oberen Öffnung;
• b) Anprägen einer oberen Stirnfläche und/oder Seitenfläche durch einen Pressstempel, so dass zwischen dem Presstempel und der mit diesem zusammenwirkenden Matrize ein Spalt verbleibt, der zwischen 25 % und 40 % der Blechdicke beträgt;
• c) Vorpressen des Kegelrollenlageraußenrings aus dem an die obere Öffnung angrenzenden Teil des topfförmigen Körpers und Vorpressen des Kegelrollenlagerinnenrings aus dem von der oberen Öffnung abgewandten Teil des topfförmigen Körpers;
• d) Anprägen einer Einschnürung zwischen beiden Teilen des topfförmigen Körpers, so dass zwischen beiden Teilen ein Spalt verbleibt, der zwischen 25 % und 40 % der Blechdicke beträgt;
• e) Fertigpressen des Kegelrollenlageraußenrings aus dem an die obere Öffnung angrenzenden Teil des topfförmigen Körpers und Fertigpressen des Kegelrollenlagerinnenrings aus dem von der oberen Öffnung abgewandten Teil des topfförmigen Körpers; und
• f) Trennen des fertiggepressten Kegelrollenlageraußenrings vom fertiggepressten Kegelrollenlagerinnenring,

wobei vor dem Fertigpressen des Kegelrollenlagerinnenrings gemäß Schritt e) am von der oberen Öffnung entfernten axialen Ende des Kegelrollenlagerinnenrings eine Einschnürung zwischen dem Kegelrollenlagerinnenring und dem Restteil des Blechs angeprägt wird, so dass zwischen Kegelrollenlagerinnenring und Restteil ein Spalt verbleibt, der zwischen 25 % und 40 % der Blechdicke beträgt, und
wobei das Volumen des Blechs so gewählt wird, dass unter Berücksichtigung der durch die Spalte begrenzten Bereiche der Kavität des Presswerkzeugs das Material der Kegelrollenlagerringe nur unter Kompression aufgenommen werden kann.The solution of this problem by the invention is characterized in that it comprises the method steps:

• a) forming an annular or disc-shaped sheet having a substantially constant sheet thickness to a pot-shaped body having an upper opening;
• b) embossing an upper end face and / or side face by a press die so that a gap between the press die and the die cooperating therewith remains between 25% and 40% of the sheet thickness;
• c) pre-pressing the tapered-roller bearing outer ring out of the part of the cup-shaped body adjoining the upper opening and pre-pressing the tapered-roller bearing inner ring out of the part of the cup-shaped body facing away from the upper opening;
• d) embossing a constriction between the two parts of the pot-shaped body so that a gap remains between the two parts, which is between 25% and 40% of the sheet thickness;
• e) finish pressing the tapered roller bearing outer ring from the adjacent to the upper opening portion of the cup-shaped body and finish pressing the tapered roller bearing inner ring from the remote from the upper opening portion of the cup-shaped body; and
• f) separating the finished tapered roller bearing outer race from the finished tapered roller bearing inner race,

wherein before the final pressing of the tapered roller bearing inner ring according to step e) at the distal end of the tapered roller bearing inner ring from the upper opening a constriction between the tapered roller bearing inner ring and the remainder of the sheet is impressed, so that between tapered roller bearing inner ring and residual part remains a gap of between 25% and 40% the sheet thickness is, and
wherein the volume of the sheet is chosen so that, taking into account the limited by the column regions of the cavity of the pressing tool, the material of the tapered roller bearing rings can be accommodated only under compression.

The invention thus provides that at least Before the finish pressing, possibly even before the pre-pressing, the tapered roller bearing rings a material flow barrier is provided so that the material to be displaced can not flow unhindered from a space provided for it in the pressing tool to another. For this purpose, the mentioned gaps are provided between defined regions of the tool.

In Advantageously, on the one hand achieved that a molding of the rings with high precision he follows. On the other hand results in the pressing or molding process of the rings, a high compressive stress in the rings. This has the consequence that, in particular in downstream hardness operations the hardness distortions low stay. This can be achieved after the Forming the rings in the pressing tool and before hardening the Rings of no mechanical post-processing, in particular no turning operation, requires a sufficiently high final quality in terms of the required ring geometry to reach. This can make the ring production in much cheaper Done way.

The achievable accuracies are sufficient at least for such applications, the no special claims to the ring precision put.

There it is provided that the volume of the starting sheet is chosen such that that under consideration the limited by the column areas of the cavity of the pressing tool The material of the tapered roller bearing rings is only received under compression can be made sure that when forming the rings a high compressive stress arises in its interior.

immediate before or immediately after step f) above, a separation of the Taper roller bearing inner ring from the remainder of the sheet done.

in the Following the above step f) or following the separation of the tapered roller bearing inner ring from the remainder of the sheet can without further machining operation of the tapered roller bearing rings, in particular without turning operation, a hardening the tapered roller bearing rings take place. Can connect to the hardening optionally still a grinding and / or honing the tapered roller bearing rings. Possible is also a downstream vibratory finishing. The post-processing operations mentioned are but by no means mandatory, but rather by the specific application dependent.

The Finishing of tapered roller bearing outer race and tapered roller bearing inner race according to the above Step e) preferably comprises the molding each of a conical and a cylindrical surface to the tapered roller bearing rings.

Further can be provided that the pre-and / or finish pressing the tapered roller bearing inner ring according to the above Step c) and / or step e) comprises forming a board.

With The proposed approach makes it possible to use a sheet metal disc or from a sheet metal ring, a tapered roller bearing inner ring and a Tapered roller bearing outer ring in an easy and fast way and with that economical can be done.

The Ring production takes place without cutting thereby the strength of storage. In particular, can be dispensed with the rotation of the ring, which represents an essential process simplification. By the non-cutting Manufacture may be due to the precision achievable with this method only small grinding allowance added so that the further processing of the ring, d. H. the Hard finishing, can be done efficiently.

From Another advantage is that - especially in small and medium sized Tapered roller bearing rings - one Cold sheet forming performed can be. Thus, unlike hot forming, turning remains the tapered roller bearing ring blanks dispensable.

In the drawing are embodiments of Invention shown. Show it:

1 The side view of a sheet in the undeformed state, which serves as a starting product for the production of a tapered roller bearing inner and outer ring,

2 a first forming step of the sheet, namely a pot-shaped body in section and in side view,

3 a second forming stage of the sheet, namely a pre-pressed body in section and in side view, wherein in the upper end region of a material flow barrier was impressed,

4 a third forming step of the sheet in section and in side view, namely a body which has been preformed into a tapered roller bearing outer ring and inner ring,

5 a fourth forming step of the sheet in section and in side view, wherein a second and a third material flow barrier has been impressed,

6 a fifth forming step of the sheet in the Section and in side view, the two tapered roller bearing rings are preformed,

7 a sixth deformation stage of the sheet in section and in the side view, wherein the two tapered roller bearing rings are already largely finished,

8th a seventh forming step of the sheet in section and in side view, wherein the two tapered roller bearing rings are finished,

9 an eighth Umformstufe the sheet in section and in the side view, wherein the remaining part was punched, and

10 the separate tapered roller bearing rings in section and in side view.

In 1 is a tin 3 to see that initially has a circular disk-shaped geometry. It has a starting sheet _thickness, designated d ₀ .

Out of this tin 3 will - as in 2 you can see - a cup-shaped body 4 produced by a deep drawing process, thereby increasing the thickness of the sheet 3 can change slightly. The cup-shaped body 4 has an opening in its upper area 5 on.

The next essential process step is an embossing of an upper end face 6 (which may also be embodied as a side surface or as a surface running at an angle) by a press die 7 in relation to the, only schematically represented, matrix 8th of the production tool is pressed so that in the upper end of the cup-shaped body 4 a gap s ₁ between ram 7 and die 8th arises, which is at most 60% of the output sheet density d ₀ . A preferred value for the gap width s ₁ is about 33% of the sheet thickness d ₀ .

The press stamp 7 remains in the further course of production of the tapered roller bearing rings in the in 3 sketched position, ie the sheet material remains so constricted by the gap s ₁ , that here results in a material flow barrier for the further manufacturing process.

According to 4 Then there is a further deformation of the sheet 3 or the cup-shaped body 4 , in which the two tapered roller bearing rings, so the overhead tapered roller bearing outer ring 2 and the underlying tapered roller bearing inner ring 1 to be preformed. As in 4 it can be seen that there are two parts 9 and 10 in the cup-shaped body 4 trained, the two rings 1 . 2 correspond. The lower area 13 represents a residual part that will become waste.

5 shows another forming stage. Here is first between the top part 9 and the lower part 10 of the cup-shaped body 4 a constriction 11 introduced by corresponding tool parts, not shown, which also represents a material flow barrier. The same applies to the constriction 12 at the transition of the lower axial end portion of the tapered roller bearing inner race 1 to the rest part 13 created by two cooperating tool parts.

The constrictions 11 and 12 are each formed by gaps designated s ₂ and s ₃ . The gaps s ₁ , s ₂ and s ₃ thus define a total of - at fixed, defined axial heights of the part to be formed - two Kavitätsabschnitte within the pressing tool, for the formation of the two tapered roller bearing rings 1 . 2 are provided. Here is the volume of the starting material, ie the sheet 3 , chosen so that some more material is originally present, as it corresponds to the respective cavity volume.

The consequence is that in the two Kavitätsbereichen for the tapered roller bearing inner ring 1 and the tapered roller bearing outer ring 2 is more material than is required to completely fill these cavity areas. As a result of the pressure, the material is therefore compressed, since it can not flow unhindered over the serving as material flow barriers column s ₁ , s ₂ and s ₃ during pressing.

The consequence of this is in turn a generation of relatively high residual compressive stresses in the material, so that the rings 1 . 2 have a high dimensional stability and undergo only slight hardness distortion during curing.

In 6 are the preformed tapered roller bearing rings 1 . 2 to see, with each ring 1 . 2 both a conical peripheral surface 14 respectively. 15 as well as a cylindrical peripheral surface 16 respectively. 17 was precisely formed.

The largely finished molded state of the tapered roller bearing rings 1 . 2 is in 7 to see, with the difference to 6 essentially consists in that an axial board 18 to the inner ring 1 was formed.

In 8th can be seen as the upper residual part 19 (S. 7 ) from the finished molded part according to 8th was separated. In the next production step according to 9 is also the lower residual part 13 been sheared off.

Finally, the two remaining rings 1 . 2 according to the in 9 part shown separated from each other.

The bearing rings 1 . 2 After the non-cutting manufacturing according to the above explanation, no further soft machining, in particular on the raceways, subjected. It only follows the hardening and hard finishing of the rings 1 . 2 where the raceways of the rings 1 . 2 may be straight, spherical or logarithmically curved, and also large curvature or radii of curvature can be provided. The tapered rollers used (preferably made of hardened bearing steel) and cages (made of sheet steel or plastic) correspond to the usual designs for tapered roller bearings. With regard to the material, it should be noted that customary measures for refining the material can be used. Corrosion-resistant or corrosion-resistant material and a corrosion-reducing or corrosion-resistant coating, including nitriding, carbonitriding, etc., have proved successful. The classic material for the bearing rings 1 . 2 is bearing steel 100 Cr 6.

1

Tapered roller bearing inner ring

2

Tapered roller bearing outer ring

3

annular or disc-shaped sheet

4

pot-shaped body

5

upper opening

6

upper face

7

press die

8th

die

9

part of the cup-shaped body

10

part of the cup-shaped body

11

constriction

12

constriction

13

remaining part

14

conical area

15

conical area

16

cylindrical area

17

cylindrical area

18

shelf

19

remaining part

d ₀

sheet thickness

s ₁

gap

s ₂

gap

s ₃

gap

Claims (6)

Method for the simultaneous production of a tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) and a tapered roller bearing outer race ( 2 ), characterized in that it comprises the steps of: a) reshaping an annular or disc-shaped sheet ( 3 ) having a substantially constant sheet thickness (d ₀ ) to a cup-shaped body ( 4 ) with an upper opening ( 5 ); b) embossing an upper end face ( 6 ) and / or side surface by a press die ( 7 ), so that between the ram ( 7 ) and the matrix interacting therewith ( 8th ) a gap (s ₁ ) remains which is between 25% and 40% of the sheet thickness (d ₀ ); c) Prepressing the tapered roller bearing outer race ( 2 ) from the to the upper opening ( 5 ) adjacent part ( 9 ) of the cup-shaped body ( 4 ) and pre-compression of the tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) from the top of the opening ( 5 ) remote part ( 10 ) of the cup-shaped body ( 4 ); d) impressing a constriction ( 11 ) between both parts ( 9 . 10 ) of the cup-shaped body ( 4 ), so that between both parts ( 9 . 10 ) a gap (s ₂ ) remains which is between 25% and 40% of the sheet thickness (d ₀ ); e) finish pressing the tapered roller bearing outer ring ( 2 ) from the to the upper opening ( 5 ) adjacent part ( 9 ) of the cup-shaped body ( 4 ) and finished pressing the tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) from the top of the opening ( 5 ) remote part ( 10 ) of the cup-shaped body ( 4 ); and f) separating the finished tapered roller bearing outer race ( 2 ) of the finished tapered roller bearing inner race ( 1 ), before the final pressing of the tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) according to step e) from the upper opening ( 5 ) distal axial end of the tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) a constriction ( 12 ) between the tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) and the remainder ( 13 ) of the sheet ( 3 ) is impressed, so that between tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) and residual part ( 13 ) remains a gap (s ₃ ) which is between 25% and 40% of the sheet thickness (d ₀ ), and wherein the volume of the sheet ( 3 ) is selected such that, taking into account the regions of the cavity of the pressing tool bounded by the gaps (s ₁ , s ₂ , s ₃ ), the material of the tapered-roller bearing rings ( 1 . 2 ) can only be recorded under compression. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that immediately before or immediately after step f) according to claim 1, a separation of the tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) from the remaining part ( 13 ) of the sheet ( 3 ) he follows. Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that following step f) according to claim 1 or following the separation of the tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) from the remaining part ( 13 ) of the sheet ( 3 ) without further processing of the taper roller bearing rings ( 1 . 2 ) hardening of the taper roller bearing rings ( 1 . 2 ) he follows. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that after hardening a grinding and / or honing of the tapered roller bearing rings ( 1 . 2 ) he follows. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the final pressing of the tapered roller bearing outer ring ( 2 ) and the tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) according to step e) according to claim 1, the molding of a respective conical ( 14 . 15 ) and a cylindrical ( 16 . 17 ) Surface to the taper roller bearing rings ( 1 . 2 ). Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the pre-and / or final pressing of the tapered roller bearing inner ring ( 1 ) according to step c) and / or step e) according to claim 1, the molding of a board ( 18 ).