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DE102004040893A1 - turbocharger - Google Patents

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Publication number
DE102004040893A1
DE102004040893A1 DE102004040893A DE102004040893A DE102004040893A1 DE 102004040893 A1 DE102004040893 A1 DE 102004040893A1 DE 102004040893 A DE102004040893 A DE 102004040893A DE 102004040893 A DE102004040893 A DE 102004040893A DE 102004040893 A1 DE102004040893 A1 DE 102004040893A1
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DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
exhaust gas
compressor
turbine
gas recirculation
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
DE102004040893A
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German (de)
Inventor
Leopold Eisterlehner
Rudolf Wimmer
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke AG filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
Priority to DE102004040893A priority Critical patent/DE102004040893A1/en
Priority to EP05017909.2A priority patent/EP1653048B1/en
Priority to US11/209,859 priority patent/US7343742B2/en
Publication of DE102004040893A1 publication Critical patent/DE102004040893A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/34—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid with recycling of part of the working fluid, i.e. semi-closed cycles with combustion products in the closed part of the cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/026—Scrolls for radial machines or engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B29/00—Engines characterised by provision for charging or scavenging not provided for in groups F02B25/00, F02B27/00 or F02B33/00 - F02B39/00; Details thereof
    • F02B29/04—Cooling of air intake supply
    • F02B29/0406—Layout of the intake air cooling or coolant circuit
    • F02B29/0437—Liquid cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
    • F02M26/06—Low pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust downstream of the turbocharger turbine and reintroduced into the intake system upstream of the compressor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/24—Layout, e.g. schematics with two or more coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/25—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/28—Layout, e.g. schematics with liquid-cooled heat exchangers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/10—Two-dimensional
    • F05D2250/15—Two-dimensional spiral
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/20—Three-dimensional
    • F05D2250/25—Three-dimensional helical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2250/00—Geometry
    • F05D2250/30—Arrangement of components
    • F05D2250/32—Arrangement of components according to their shape
    • F05D2250/322—Arrangement of components according to their shape tangential
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Abgasturbolader (1) mit einem Gehäuse (2), dessen Innenraum einen Verdichterraum (3') und einen Turbinenraum (4') umfasst, wobei im Verdichterraum (3') ein Verdichter (3) und im Turbinenraum (4') eine Abgasturbine (4) angeordnet ist, wobei der Turbinenraum (4') einen Abschnitt eines Abgasstrangs (5) einer Brennkraftmaschine (6) bildet und wobei der Abgasstrang (5) in Abgasströmungsrichtung nach der Abgasturbine (4) über eine Abgasrückführleitung (7), die sich durch das Gehäuse (2) erstreckt, mit einer Niederdruckseite des Verdichterraums (3') verbunden ist und wobei die Abgasrückführleitung (7) im Gehäuse (2) weitgehend spiralförmig ausgebildet ist. Durch die vorgeschlagene Ausgestaltung wird die Dynamik durch die Bereitstellung höherer Turboladerdrehzahlen im Teillastbereich aufgrund von Vordrallerzeugung durch den Abgasrückführstrom verbessert.turbocharger (1) with a housing (2), the interior of which is a compressor room (3 ') and a turbine room (4 '), wherein in the compressor chamber (3') a compressor (3) and in the turbine chamber (4 ') an exhaust gas turbine (4) is arranged, wherein the turbine space (4 ') a portion of an exhaust line (5) of a Internal combustion engine (6) forms and wherein the exhaust gas line (5) in the exhaust gas flow direction after the exhaust gas turbine (4) via a Exhaust gas recirculation line (7) extending through the housing (2) extends, connected to a low pressure side of the compressor chamber (3 ') is and wherein the exhaust gas recirculation line (7) in the housing (2) largely spiral is trained. The proposed embodiment is the dynamics by providing higher Turbocharger speeds in the partial load range due to pre-twist generation by the exhaust gas recirculation stream improved.

Figure 00000001
Figure 00000001

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Abgasturbolader mit den Merkmalen aus dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The The invention relates to an exhaust gas turbocharger with the features of the Preamble of claim 1.

Sie geht von der deutschen Offenlegungsschrift DE 103 48 366 A1 aus. In dieser ist ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer direkt einspritzenden Diesel-Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Einlasstrakt, einem Auslasstrakt und mit einem Abgasturbolader beschrieben. Die Brennkraftmaschine ist von einem Abgasturbolader, der eine abgasbetriebene Turbine und einen durch die Turbine angetriebenen Verdichter aufweist, aufgeladen. Stromaufwärts des Verdichters ist auf der Einlassseite ein Ladeluftkühler angeordnet. Weiter ist ein Hochdruck-Abgasrückführsystem mit einer Abgasrückführleitung zwischen dem Abgasstrang und dem Ansaugtrakt vorgesehen. Das Hockdruck-Abgasrückführsystem weist einen Abgasrückführkühler und ein Abgasrückführventil auf. Abhängig von der Druckdifferenz zwischen dem Abgasstrang und dem Ansaugtrakt kann in der Abgasrückführleitung auch eine Abgaspumpe vorgesehen sein, um die Abgasrückführrate zu steuern bzw. zu erhöhen. Neben dem Hochdruck-Abgasrückführsystem ist weiter ein Niederdruck-Abgasrückführsystem stromaufwärts der Turbine und stromabwärts des Verdichters vorgesehen. Stromabwärts eines Partikelfilters in der Abgasleitung zweigt eine zweite Abgasrückführleitung ab und mündet stromabwärts des Verdichters in den Ansaugtrakt. In der zweiten Abgasrückführleitung sind ein Abgasrückführkühler und ein Abgasrückführventil angeordnet. Zur Steuerung der Abgasrückführrate ist in der Abgasleitung stromabwärts der Abzweigung ein Abgasventil angeordnet.It starts from the German publication DE 103 48 366 A1 out. In this a method for operating a direct-injection diesel engine is described with an intake tract, an exhaust tract and with an exhaust gas turbocharger. The internal combustion engine is charged by an exhaust gas turbocharger having an exhaust driven turbine and a compressor driven by the turbine. Upstream of the compressor, a charge air cooler is arranged on the inlet side. Further, a high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation system is provided with an exhaust gas recirculation line between the exhaust line and the intake. The high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation system has an exhaust gas recirculation cooler and an exhaust gas recirculation valve. Depending on the pressure difference between the exhaust gas line and the intake tract, an exhaust gas pump may also be provided in the exhaust gas return line in order to control or increase the exhaust gas recirculation rate. In addition to the high pressure exhaust gas recirculation system, a low pressure exhaust gas recirculation system is further provided upstream of the turbine and downstream of the compressor. Downstream of a particulate filter in the exhaust pipe branches off a second exhaust gas recirculation line and opens downstream of the compressor in the intake. In the second exhaust gas recirculation line, an exhaust gas recirculation cooler and an exhaust gas recirculation valve are arranged. For controlling the exhaust gas recirculation rate, an exhaust gas valve is arranged in the exhaust pipe downstream of the branch.

Mit der beschriebenen Ausgestaltung lässt sich ein Verfahren zum Betrieb einer Brennkraftmaschine realisieren, mit dem einerseits vom unteren Teillastbereich bis zum Volllastbereich minimale Stockoxid- und Russemissionen auftreten und andererseits ein hoher Wirkungsgrad erreicht wird.With The described embodiment can be a method for Implementing an internal combustion engine, with the one hand from the lower part load range to the full load range and soot emissions occur and on the other hand a high efficiency is reached.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, den Wirkungsgrad des Abgasturboladers nochmals zu steigern.task The present invention is the efficiency of the exhaust gas turbocharger increase again.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch das Merkmal im kennzeichnenden Teil des Patentanspruchs 1 dadurch gelöst, dass die Abgasrückführleitung im Gehäuse weitgehend spiralförmig ausgebildet ist.These The object is achieved by the feature in the characterizing part of the claim 1 solved by that the exhaust gas recirculation line in the case largely spiral is trained.

Durch den vorgeschlagenen Aufbau wird aufgrund von einer Vordrallerzeugung durch den Abgasrückführstrom die Dynamik durch die Bereitstellung höherer Turboladerdrehzahlen im Teillastbereich verbessert. Darüber hinaus wird der Gesamtwirkungsgrad des Abgasturboladers im Teillastbereich bei hoher Abgasrückführrate verbessert. Weiter stellt der vorgeschlagene Aufbau eine kompakte Realisierung der Abgasrückführung in den Reinluftstrom durch Integration in das Verdichtergehäuse dar.By the proposed structure is due to a pre-twist generation through the exhaust gas recirculation flow the dynamics by providing higher turbocharger speeds improved in the partial load range. In addition, the overall efficiency the exhaust gas turbocharger in the partial load range at high exhaust gas recirculation rate improved. Furthermore, the proposed structure provides a compact realization the exhaust gas recirculation in the clean air flow through integration into the compressor housing.

Die tangentiale Einleitung des Abgases in den Verdichterraum gem. Patentanspruch 2 unterstützt die zuvor genannten Vorteile.The Tangential introduction of the exhaust gas in the compressor room acc. claim 2 supported the advantages mentioned above.

Gemäß Patentanspruch 3 kann ein Strömungsleitelement vorgesehen sein, das den Drall nochmals erhöht.According to claim 3 may be a flow guide be provided, which increases the spin again.

Im Folgenden ist die Erfindung anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispieles in zwei Figuren näher erläutert.in the The invention is based on a preferred embodiment closer in two figures explained.

1 zeigt schematisch die Einbindung eines Abgasturboladers in einen Ansaugtrakt und einen Abgasstrang einer Brennkraftmaschine gemäß dem zitierten Stand der Technik, 1 shows schematically the integration of an exhaust gas turbocharger in an intake tract and an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine according to the cited prior art,

2 zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen Verdichterraum eines erfindungsgemäß ausgestalteten Abgasturboladers. 2 shows a section through a compressor chamber of an inventively designed exhaust gas turbocharger.

1 zeigt schematisch dargestellt eine Brennkraftmaschine 6 mit ihren sechs Zylindern 6' sowie einem Abgasstrang 5 und einem Ansaugtrakt 11. Der Ansaugtrakt 11 und der Abgasstrang 5 sind über einen Abgasturbolader 1 miteinander verbunden. Die Ansaugluft strömt, durch Pfeile dargestellt, in den Ansaugtrakt 11 und anschließend in einen Verdichterraum 3', in dem ein Verdichter 3 des Abgasturboladers 1 angeordnet ist. Weiter strömt die Ansaugluft durch den Ansaugtrakt 11 in einen zweiten Wärmetauscher 10, einen Ansaugluftkühler und anschließend in einen Sammler 12, von dem ausgehend der Ansaugluftstrom auf die einzelnen Zylinder 6' aufgeteilt wird. 1 schematically shows an internal combustion engine 6 with her six cylinders 6 ' and an exhaust system 5 and an intake tract 11 , The intake tract 11 and the exhaust system 5 are over an exhaust gas turbocharger 1 connected with each other. The intake air flows, indicated by arrows, into the intake tract 11 and then into a compressor room 3 ' in which a compressor 3 the exhaust gas turbocharger 1 is arranged. Furthermore, the intake air flows through the intake tract 11 in a second heat exchanger 10 , an intake air cooler and then into a collector 12 , starting from which the intake air flow to the individual cylinders 6 ' is split.

Das verbrannte Abgas wird anschließend in den Abgasstrang 5 gefördert, in dem das Abgas zuerst einen Abgaskrümmer passiert und von dort weiter in einen Turbinenraum 4', in dem eine Turbine 4 des Abgasturboladers 1 angeordnet ist. Nach dem Turbinenraum 4' wird das Abgas durch einen Katalysator 9 gefördert, und anschließend in zwei Teilabgasströme aufgeteilt. Der erste Teilabgasstrom verlässt den Abgasstrang 5 als Abgas in die Umgebungsluft und der zweite Teilabgasstrom wird durch eine Niederdruck-Abgasrückführleitung 7, in der ein erster Wärmetauscher 8, ein Niederdruck-Abgasrückführkühler, angeordnet ist, in Strömungsrichtung vor dem Verdichter 3 in den Ansaugtrakt 11 rückgeleitet. Die Aufteilung des Abgases in die zwei Teilabgasströme kann mittels eines Ventils geregelt werden.The burned exhaust gas is then in the exhaust line 5 promoted, in which the exhaust first passes an exhaust manifold and from there into a turbine room 4 ' in which a turbine 4 the exhaust gas turbocharger 1 is arranged. After the turbine room 4 ' the exhaust gas is passed through a catalyst 9 promoted, and then divided into two partial exhaust gas streams. The first partial exhaust gas flow leaves the exhaust gas line 5 as exhaust gas in the ambient air and the second partial exhaust gas flow is through a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation line 7 in which a first heat exchanger 8th , a low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation cooler, is arranged upstream of the compressor 3 in the intake tract 11 rückge passes. The distribution of the exhaust gas into the two partial exhaust gas streams can be regulated by means of a valve.

Neben der Niederdruck-Abgasrückführung verfügt die schematisch dargestellte Brennkraftmaschine 6 noch über eine zweite, eine sog. Hochdruck-Abgasrückführleitung 13, die vom Abgaskrümmer abzweigt und Abgas vor dem Sammler 12 in den Ansaugtrakt 11 rückführt. Die Menge des in der Hochdruck-Abgasrückführleitung 13 rückgeführten Abgases wird über ein Mengenstellglied 14 im Ansaugtrakt 11 geregelt.In addition to the low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation has the internal combustion engine shown schematically 6 still a second, a so-called. High pressure exhaust gas recirculation line 13 , which branches off from the exhaust manifold and exhaust gas in front of the collector 12 in the intake tract 11 recirculates. The amount of in the high-pressure exhaust gas recirculation line 13 recirculated exhaust gas is via a quantity actuator 14 in the intake tract 11 regulated.

In 2 ist ein Schnitt durch den Verdichterraum 3' dargestellt. Für die gleichen Bauelemente gelten in den 1 und 2 die gleichen Bezugszeichen.In 2 is a section through the compressor room 3 ' shown. For the same components apply in the 1 and 2 the same reference numerals.

In dem Verdichterraum 3' ist der Verdichter 3 drehbar angeordnet. Wie in 1 dargestellt, geht die Abgasrückführleitung 7 in etwa radial in das Gehäuse 2 über, um sich dann, wie in 2 erkennbar, im Gehäuse 2 spiralförmig in den Turbinenraum 4' zu erstrecken. Das Mündungsende der Abgasrückführleitung 7 verläuft weitgehend tangential in den Verdichterraum 3'. Ferner ist koaxial zum Verdichter 3 ein Strömungsleitelement 15 angeordnet, mit dem der durch die spiralförmig ausgebildete Abgasrückführleitung 7 erzeugte Drall nochmals verstärkt wird.In the compressor room 3 ' is the compressor 3 rotatably arranged. As in 1 shown, the exhaust gas recirculation line goes 7 approximately radially into the housing 2 about, then, as in 2 recognizable, in the housing 2 spiral into the turbine room 4 ' to extend. The mouth end of the exhaust gas recirculation line 7 runs largely tangentially in the compressor room 3 ' , Furthermore, it is coaxial with the compressor 3 a flow guide 15 arranged with the through the spirally formed exhaust gas recirculation line 7 generated swirl is amplified again.

Im Folgenden ist die Funktionsweise des Abgasturboladers 1 erläutert:
Im Zuge der Niederdruck-Abgasrückführung ist es möglich, bzw. erforderlich, aufgrund der benötigten NOx-Reduzierung, Abgasrückführraten von bis zu 70 % im Teillastbetrieb zu realisieren. Die erfindungsgemäße Konstruktion mittels Spiralkanal der Abgasrückführleitung 7 in Verbindung mit dem Strömungsleitelement 15, eine sog. Vordrallbuchse, unmittelbar vor dem Verdichter 3 ermöglicht neben einer kompakten Bauweise auch die vordrallbehaftete Einleitung des rückgeführten Abgasstroms vor den Verdichter 3.The following is the operation of the exhaust gas turbocharger 1 explains:
In the course of the low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation, it is possible or necessary, due to the required reduction in NOx, to realize exhaust gas recirculation rates of up to 70% in part-load operation. The construction according to the invention by means of spiral channel of the exhaust gas recirculation line 7 in conjunction with the flow guide 15 , a so-called Vordrallbuchse, immediately before the compressor 3 allows in addition to a compact design, the vorrallbehaftete introduction of the recirculated exhaust gas flow upstream of the compressor 3 ,

Durch die vordrallbehaftete Anströmung des Verdichters 3 kommt es zu einer Steigerung der Turboladerdrehzahl im Betrieb mit hoher Abgasrückführrate. Nachdem die Abgasrückführung vor allem im Teillastbereich erfolgt, kommt es bei einer Beschleunigung aus dem Teillastbereich in den Volllastbereich zu einem schnelleren Erreichen der geforderten Turboladerdrehzahl und daher zu einer rascheren Bereitstellung von Drehmoment und zu einer Steigerung der Dynamik.Due to the vorrallbehaftete flow to the compressor 3 There is an increase in the turbocharger speed in operation with high exhaust gas recirculation rate. After the exhaust gas recirculation takes place, especially in the partial load range, it comes with an acceleration from the partial load range in the full load range to a faster reaching the required turbocharger speed and therefore to a faster provision of torque and to increase the dynamics.

Die Vordrallerzeugung mittels Spiralkanal im Gehäuse 2 und Strömungsleitelement 15 hat zudem zur Folge, dass kein Vorleitapparat (= Strömungswiderstand) benötigt wird, der im Hauptansaugkanal vor dem Verdichter 3 untergebracht ist. Zudem befinden sich keine beweglichen Teile im Ansaugkanal des Abgasturboladers 1, womit das Risiko für Beschädigungen am Verdichter 3 erheblich verkleinert wird.The pre-twist generation by means of spiral channel in the housing 2 and flow guide 15 also has the consequence that no Vorleitapparat (= flow resistance) is needed in the main intake before the compressor 3 is housed. In addition, there are no moving parts in the intake of the exhaust gas turbocharger 1 , which reduces the risk of damage to the compressor 3 is significantly reduced.

Die spiralförmige Einleitung des Abgasrückführstroms in den Hauptansaugstrom ermöglicht zudem eine gezielte Vordrallerzeugung in den äußeren Randzonen des Ansaugstroms im Verdichterraum 3'. Durch die hohen Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten an den Verdichterradaußenkanten ergibt sich so eine maximal effiziente Vordrallerzeugung zur Erhöhung der Turboladerdrehzahl im Teillastbereich. Weiter wird durch die über den gesamten Umfang verteilte Einleitung des Abgasstroms eine maximal gute Durchmischung von Abgas und Reinluft ermöglicht.The spiral-shaped introduction of the exhaust gas recirculation flow into the main intake flow also enables a targeted pre-twist generation in the outer edge zones of the intake flow in the compressor chamber 3 ' , Due to the high peripheral speeds at the compressor wheel outer edges, this results in maximally efficient pre-twist generation for increasing the turbocharger speed in the partial load range. Furthermore, a maximum good mixing of exhaust gas and clean air is made possible by the introduction over the entire circumference of the exhaust gas flow.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung wird aufgrund von Vordrallerzeugung durch den Abgasrückführstrom die Dynamik durch die Bereitstellung höherer Turboladerdrehzahlen im Teillastbereich verbessert. Ferner führt die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung zur Verbesserung des Gesamtwirkungsgrades im Teillastbereich, insbesondere bei hoher Abgasrückführ rate. Ferner ist eine kompakte Realisierung der Abgasrückführeinleitung in den Reinluftstrom durch Integration in das Gehäuse 2 ermöglicht.As a result of the embodiment according to the invention, the dynamics are improved by the provision of higher turbocharger speeds in the partial load range due to pre-swirl generation by the exhaust gas recirculation flow. Furthermore, the inventive design leads to improve the overall efficiency in the partial load range, especially at high exhaust gas recirculation rate. Furthermore, a compact implementation of the exhaust gas recirculation introduction into the clean air flow by integration into the housing 2 allows.

11
Abgasturboladerturbocharger
22
Gehäusecasing
33
Verdichtercompressor
3'3 '
Verdichterraumcompressor room
44
Abgasturbineexhaust turbine
4'4 '
Turbinenraumturbine room
55
Abgasstrangexhaust gas line
66
BrennkraftmaschineInternal combustion engine
6'6 '
Zylindercylinder
77
Niederdruck-AbgasrückführleitungLow-pressure exhaust gas recirculation line
88th
Erster Wärmetauscherfirst heat exchangers
99
Katalysatorcatalyst
1010
Zweiter Wärmetauschersecond heat exchangers
1111
Ansaugtraktintake system
1212
Sammlercollector
1313
Hochdruck-AbgasrückführleitungHigh-pressure exhaust gas recirculation line
1414
MengenstellgliedQuantity control element
1515
Strömungsleitelementflow guide

Claims (3)

Abgasturbolader (1) mit einem Gehäuse (2) dessen Innenraum einen Verdichterraum (3') und einen Turbinenraum (4') umfasst, wobei im Verdichterraum (3') ein Verdichter (3) und im Turbinenraum (4') eine Abgasturbine (4) angeordnet ist, wobei der Turbinenraum (4') einen Abschnitt eines Abgasstrangs (5) einer Brennkraftmaschine (6) bildet und wobei der Abgasstrang (5) in Abgasströmungsrichtung nach der Abgasturbine (4) über eine Abgasrückführleitung (7), die sich durch das Gehäuse (2) erstreckt, mit einer Niederdruckseite des Verdichterraums (3') verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abgasrückführleitung (7) im Gehäuse (2) weitgehend spiralförmig ausgebildet ist.Exhaust gas turbocharger ( 1 ) with a housing ( 2 ) whose interior has a compressor room ( 3 ' ) and a turbine room ( 4 ' ), wherein in the compressor room ( 3 ' ) a compressor ( 3 ) and in the turbine room ( 4 ' ) an exhaust gas turbine ( 4 ), wherein the turbine space ( 4 ' ) a section of an exhaust line ( 5 ) an internal combustion engine ( 6 ) forms and wherein the Exhaust line ( 5 ) in the exhaust gas flow direction to the exhaust gas turbine ( 4 ) via an exhaust gas recirculation line ( 7 ) extending through the housing ( 2 ), with a low pressure side of the compressor room ( 3 ' ), characterized in that the exhaust gas recirculation line ( 7 ) in the housing ( 2 ) is formed largely helically. Abgasturbolader nach Patentanspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Abgasrückführleitung (7) weitgehend tangential in den Verdichterraum (3') mündet.Exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 1, characterized in that the exhaust gas recirculation line ( 7 ) largely tangentially in the compressor room ( 3 ' ) opens. Abgasturbolader nach Patentanspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Verdichterraum (3') ein Strömungsleitelement vorgesehen ist.Exhaust gas turbocharger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the compressor room ( 3 ' ) is provided a flow guide.
DE102004040893A 2004-08-24 2004-08-24 turbocharger Withdrawn DE102004040893A1 (en)

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EP05017909.2A EP1653048B1 (en) 2004-08-24 2005-08-17 Turbocharger
US11/209,859 US7343742B2 (en) 2004-08-24 2005-08-24 Exhaust turbocharger

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EP3244035A1 (en) 2016-05-09 2017-11-15 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Compressor, exhaust gas turbocharger and combustion engine
DE102018212756B3 (en) * 2018-07-31 2019-10-31 Continental Automotive Gmbh Radial compressor, supercharger and internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation device

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US20060042245A1 (en) 2006-03-02
EP1653048A2 (en) 2006-05-03

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