DE102004005962A1 - Building automation system has a central control system that is joined to supply unit via signal lines so that the supply units can be individually controlled by the central control system - Google Patents

Abstract

System for controlling a building control system, which has a central control and regulation unit, is directly connected to the building central control and regulation unit via signal lines that are joined to supply units. The supply units are individually controlled by the central control and regulation unit.

Description

Territory of invention

The The invention relates to the networking of technical equipment and Functions, such as electricity, telephone, heating, in private households or commercial property with the aim of improving security, the comfort, the flexibility and increase cost-effectiveness while providing valuable energy resources save.

at known building networking systems come various bus systems for connecting different components for use. These bus systems are based on a rigid and little variable wiring and lead for change requests an increased Installation effort. In addition, the use of complex equipment (actuators) mandatory requirement.

presentation the invention

From that It is an object of the invention to improve a system such that his flexibility is increased when integrating new components.

These The object is achieved with a system having the features of claim 1 solved. Preferred embodiments are dependent claims specified.

The solution based on the use of modular standard components. The arrangement is made by means of commercially available installation components switched in star topology. Separate control line (bus lines) and special equipment (actuators) are not required. The flexibility for later changes remains.

These solution binds everyone in buildings existing technical facilities and their functions with one. This creates a comprehensive overall solution with the possibility the control and control of various processes. Previous systems offer this only separate isolated solutions, such as e.g. Light control, blind control, etc. on.

One significant difference and further advantage over previous ones Building controls is the possibility the repatriation of the building technology in a classic operating condition. The solution according to the invention can be Disable within minutes with a few simple steps. Operation of the building technology This is done in a classical manner. A system intervention or wiring is not required. This choice exists in existing building control systems Not.

The inventive solution connects different components to a total solution. Here are devices from the Industrial automation with standard installation components and other previously provided separately devices, such. Telephone systems, Heating, doorbell and video systems, lightning protection systems etc. to a total solution combined.

The individual coordinated components are system and programmatically connected to each other. Under program technical Connection is understood that the components of a common Control subject, depending on the components and possibly their operating state, a common control or regulation for all Performs components. Systems engineering networking refers to integration of the components and their networking in physical terms. This allows all signals from the different components are captured and into one Overall application to be converted.

A cross-application Program-related further processing by regulation is preferred possible, so that in response to events occurring certain actions carried out become.

Short description the drawings

following the invention will be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings described in which:

1 schematically shows the system according to the invention;

2 schematically illustrates the central unit of the system according to the invention;

3 is a block diagram of the system according to the invention, from which the connection of the emergency power supply can be removed, and

4 shows an example of an application of the system according to the invention in a building.

Ways to execute the invention

In the 1 illustrated central Steue control unit 10 includes a basic unit 12 which includes, for example, a CPU, a digital input / output, an analog input / output and a communication interface. Via a conventional BUS connection 14 The central control unit can be supplemented by, for example, means for signaling, counters, other controllers and interfaces. Such an expansion unit is in 1 with reference number 16 designated. To the central control unit 12 . 16 Different supply units are connected. In 1 the supply units are not shown. With reference number 20 Different connection modules are designated, which are integrated in the central control and regulation unit and bundle different control and regulation functions. These modules can be coupled with each other, as in 1 is shown.

In 2 is the star-shaped networking of the central control and regulation unit 10 with schematically represented supply units 30 outlined. From different consumers (in 2 If, for example, a circuit breaker, a push-button, a general connection and a doorbell button are shown), signals are transmitted through star-shaped signals to the central control and regulation unit 10 connected control lines 32 supplied to the inputs of the central control unit. After processing in the central processing unit, to which the signals are transferred via data BUS connections, control output signals generated in the central processing unit are forwarded to the outputs and there again by means of the control lines 32 supplied to the supply units to desired responses to the supply units 30 trigger. In 2 are connected to the outputs of the central control unit 10 such as lights, single sockets, 380 volt connections, fan, telephone and bell connected.

In 3 is a block diagram of a system according to the invention shown, in which in turn the supply units 30 via signal lines 32 with the central control unit 10 are connected to receive or give signals. To ensure a power supply in case of failure of the normal power supply, the central control unit includes an emergency power module (explained in detail below). This module, which contains eg a sensor in the main power line, detects the absence of a normal power supply and in this case activates the emergency power generation, at the same time deactivating the normal power supply. The emergency power supply is in 3 indicated by dashed lines, the normal power supply with solid lines.

Out 4 , which represents a plan of a building, is finally an exemplary application in a building refer. Various supply units, such as lights 40 , Switch 42 and the like, are star-shaped over leads 32 with the central control unit 10 connected in a normal distribution box of a building.

• – Alarmierung mittels Ton über Lautsprecher;
• – Automatischer Rundruf über Haustelefonanlage;
• – Einschalten bestimmter Beleuchtungen (Gänge, bestimmte Zimmer, Außenanlage uvm.);
• – Entriegelung definierter Türen (Wohnungstür, Garagentür, Kellertür usw.);
• – Abschalten der Stromversorgung der Verbraucher für den betroffenen Bereich;
• – falls erforderlich Umschaltung auf Notstromversorgung zur Sicherstellung der Beleuchtung und der Alarmierung;
• – nach Fehlen einer Quittungsbestätigung innerhalb eines Zeitfensters automatische Anwahl vorher festgelegter Telefonnummern (z.B. Feuerwehr) und Abspielen eines festgelegten Textes;
• – Dokumentation der Störung; und
• – weitere individuelle Aktionen.

To clarify the mode of operation of the solution according to the invention, a partial function of a module "ALARMING with FREUER" is first of all shown. In this partial function of the module, the following actions are carried out when a smoke / temperature detector is triggered, after the corresponding signal of the smoke detector has been delivered to the central unit:

• - sound alerting via loudspeaker;
• - Automatic broadcast via intercom system;
• - switch on certain lights (corridors, certain rooms, outdoor area, etc.);
• - unlocking of defined doors (apartment door, garage door, cellar door, etc.);
• - switching off the power supply of the consumers for the affected area;
• - if necessary, switching to emergency power supply to ensure lighting and alerting;
• - in the absence of an acknowledgment of receipt within a time window, automatic selection of previously defined telephone numbers (eg fire brigade) and playback of a specified text;
• - documentation of the fault; and
• - more individual actions.

These Actions are taken at the individual modules by the control unit after receiving the activation signal from the smoke detector.

To Signals are detected (by the smoke detector), evaluated by the program and results-based Actions triggered. The central unit forms a unit with the other components, which e.g. in house distribution cabinets will be installed. The mapping of the answering functions to certain triggering signals takes place by means of program modules and the program code.

The Signal lines for incoming or outgoing information signals are in the star principle brought to the central office. Program-technical logics in the central unit realize event-controlled the desired Actions.

at Signals is generally between actions causing (input signals), information-providing and reaction-triggering signals (output signals) distinguished.

The Output signals are e.g. adapted according to the requirements and can, all cover required voltage and power ranges, which means that no unnecessary voltage or current load on e.g. temporarily unloaded lines.

Prefers become system-related states directly on the devices visually displayed.

The Signaling of messages and system state queries as well as the parameterization of the system via any medium take place, e.g. visually or acoustically.

at the system according to the invention The central unit with a processor and memory blocks forms one Basic unit. A backplane becomes extension units (I / O modules, analog and digital input and output modules, signal processing, power supply, Communication and expansion modules).

ever Upon request, the desired solution by means of Program routines directly in the central unit or by integration and control in individual modules, e.g. realized external devices.

to Clarification may here be e.g. a building block "LIGHTNING PROTECTION" are listed.

• – Sofortige Netztrennung;
• – Sicherstellung des Betriebes durch Zuschalten der unterbrechungsfreien Spannungsversorgung;
• – Einschalten der Notstromversorgung;
• – Sicherstellung des Betriebes von definierten Endverbrauchern über Notstrom (Herd, Kühlschrank, Heizung, Licht uvm.);
• – Signalisierung der Störung durch definierte Medien (optisch, akustisch, SMS oder Anruf mit Ansage);
• – Überprüfung auf Störungsbehebung;
• – Rücksetzen in Normalbetrieb durch Netzfreischaltung der Notstromversorgung und Freischaltung der Netzversorgung; und
• – Dokumentation der Störung.

The "BLITZSCHUTZ" block is stored as a program module in the central unit.The signal is detected by an integrated device that detects a lightning strike and sends a corresponding signal in the event of a lightning strike In the event of a lightning strike, the device sends a signal to the central unit, which initiates the program-defined measures.

• - Immediate grid disconnection;
• - Ensuring operation by connecting the uninterruptible power supply;
• - switching on the emergency power supply;
• - Ensuring the operation of defined end consumers via emergency power (stove, refrigerator, heating, light, etc.);
• - Signaling of interference by defined media (optical, acoustic, SMS or call with announcement);
• - Check for troubleshooting;
• - Reset in normal operation by mains disconnection of the emergency power supply and activation of the mains supply; and
• - Documentation of the fault.

The inventive system has the goal, independent from the incident (for example, lightning, heating defective, burglary and many more) all necessary and desired actions across technology (Emergency power on, fault message to heating company, light on and message to police, etc.), automated and logged without the use of expensive equipment and bus systems.

The program implementation of the solution is e.g. in four subgroups namely Supply, control, alerting and communication. These groups subdivide into building blocks, which single functions depict.

The System can be adapted to individual circumstances. In particular, it is according to the local conditions (individual needs, construction plans, Special features of the environment, etc.) and the desired functions (external monitoring, Weather sensors, lighting control, heating control, etc.).

The required electrical installation is done in the classical manner Placing distribution cabinets, Cans and the laying of conduits with traction device, wherein all Cables in star topology are brought to the distributor. When using multiple distributors, these are interconnected. Here are preferably different ways for the cable routes between chosen the distributors a general source of interference to prevent cable breakage. Depending on the existing construction environment (New construction, inhabited area) are the installation work in a raw installation (e.g., laying of conduits) followed by completion (Entry of the veins) or in inhabited buildings in a continuous step Fulfills. The required wire number of the cables and distributors corresponds that of classic electrical installation. An increased effort for control lines / bus lines does not arise.

Finally includes the system has several end users, e.g. Lamps, sockets, motors and Signaling components, which are also commercially available Come from installation components. When wiring the distribution cabinets are the for the entire solution planned and required modules, i. grouped into groups Activations of consumers, communication units or similar, during Existence of a particular condition, e.g. at a given time, a specified sensor signal or the like, and introduced accordingly put into operation.

The system according to the invention offers the possibility of disconnecting stress-free building areas that are unloaded at a certain point in time. In particular, only on the star lines to the Supply units, which are associated with sensors or switches, a control and switching voltage of up to 24 V DC required, while directly leading to consumers lines are completely de-energized. AC or higher currents and voltages are only activated when consumers or the system control in the central unit calls for this and then only in the requested area.

The in buildings usual Power installations, however, are designed rigidly in their structure. Extensions of the functional scope (for example, switching another Consumer) are not possible. By using the system according to the invention, it is now possible at any time to change the functional scope. The degree of automation can be adapted individually to the requirements become. Modular can integrated the various functions or applications and so on the system can be expanded and expanded at any time. The system creates Connections between the previous building applications and individual controls and added These with their own functions to a uniform, integrated overall solution.

following Examples are various application areas and modules of Systems explains:

Mains isolation

The in buildings usual power installation leads to one constantly -present Electrosmog, which has been proven to cause health problems to lead can. Through the use of the system according to the invention it is now possible, this electrosmog to a minimum and at the same time a clear To save energy, by having individual rooms or the whole house / apartment, e.g. at certain times or depending disconnected from load requested by consumers become. This can be done automatically controlled. It will be All circuits, including the switches, cables, sensors and Integrated controllers. Even in the operating state is on the switches only 24 V DC. The construction of dangerous alternating fields becomes by the use of 24 V DC as control and switching voltage prevented.

lightning protection

Lightning strikes can through the overvoltage caused to destruction of electrical appliances or in direct lightning strike the entire building installation.

To the Protection against this is a special sensor component in the main line brought in.

• – Sofortige Trennung des Versorgungsnetzes;
• – Sicherstellung des Betriebes durch Zuschalten der unterbrechungsfreien Spannungsversorgung;
• – Signalisierung der Störung durch definierte Medien (optisch, akustisch jedoch auch Multimedial über SMS oder Anruf mit Ansage);
• – Überprüfung auf Störungsbehebung;
• – Rücksetzten in Normalbetrieb durch Freischaltung der Netzversorgung;
• – Dokumentation der Störung.

If, in the event of a lightning strike, a corresponding activation signal is sent from the sensor component to the central unit, for example:

• - Immediate separation of the supply network;
• - Ensuring operation by connecting the uninterruptible power supply;
• - Signaling of the disturbance by defined media (optically, acoustically however also multimedia over SMS or call with announcement);
• - Check for troubleshooting;
• - Reset to normal operation by activating the mains supply;
• - Documentation of the fault.

network monitoring

tasks are here: diagnosis of overvoltage, Undervoltage and phase shift or absence of the complete Supply network.

The corresponding module monitors using special components and sensors above values. At a individually adjustable deviation from the setpoint become actions fires such as. the shutdown of certain consumers. This can be done damage due to deviations in the mains supply connected to the building Avoid consumers.

emergency power

Of the Emergency power operation is an extension of the power monitoring module. By means of the emergency power operation it is possible to define certain freely definable Consumers (e.g., heating, stove, refrigerator) in case of power failure to be integrated into the emergency power supply.

At the Detecting a power failure, for example, becomes circuitry the building supply disconnected and the emergency power supply switched on. The corresponding operations are initiated by the control panel of the central unit.

Of the traditionally necessary construction of a parallel emergency power system can by the system according to the invention omitted.

Heating supporting process control for heating with solar support

conventional heating support with solar panels means that a heating system with fossil Fuels and solar cells with a common buffer memory Hot water e.g. at 80 ° C charge. Essentially, these are two independent of each other working systems. The heat is taken from the store as needed.

This leads cloudy Days that the temperature in the memory, e.g. after removal of hot water, on e.g. 70 ° C drops. Is on such days the energy provided by solar cells to heat up the water just enough to open the store a lower temperature than the instantaneous temperature, e.g. 60 ° C, to heat up, can not use the energy provided by the solar cells become. In this case leads the system control differential measurements (Δt (in memory) and txn (amount of heat provided by solar cells)). This otherwise unused energy can be Energy balance of the building to disposal be put. Through this scheme, those by the solar energy provided resources with priority and subsequently on the stored or cost-linked energy sources resorted.

Hot Water Control

By the sensor-controlled integration of the heating circuit into the control system Is it possible, circulation solutions for hot water to build up or to optimize existing plants.

Offer circulation solutions the advantage of that when opening a tap is ready warm water. The pass cold water can be drastically reduced.

Around to ensure this must be at conventional Systems are requested the water withdrawal by means of a signal. This is followed by a provision time until the actual possible removal.

The inventive solution offers a significantly improved reaction time and thus deployment time the hot water supply by activating the circulation automatically and sensor-controlled. A special activation by means of a button as in commercial Solutions is not mandatory.

The inventive solution Furthermore able for freely defined time windows to ensure a continuous supply. This allows the reaction time between request for water extraction and actually Provision of warm water can be reduced to near zero.

intelligent heating control

The Heating control measures outdoor and internal temperature and taken into account Presence or absence as well as activity the resident. Accordingly, the central and floor heating controlled.

The Heating control saves through targeted and individual room regulation Energy. In every room and room the temperature is constantly measured and on the desired Setpoint controlled.

Over a Central control console can centrally control and monitor the heating become. A remote inquiry and control, for example, from the house out, is over a PC with internet connection easily possible.

Further can be a sector- and time-dependent reduction or increase can be programmed. So becomes activity and location (study, living room etc.) as well as and heated.

In the heating control leaves also integrate the blind and shutter control. To energy to save the blinds or blinds are closed depending on temperature and weather conditions or opened become.

Fire / water / gas alarm

The inventive solution offers the possibility Involve detectors of different classes and tasks. The detectors can depending on the task and requirement as individual or as Led groups become. Test routines ensure the function of the detectors when Trigger The alarm is triggered by a detector. This is depending on the involved Modules and components varied possible.

Next the classic detector with sound and optical signals can even more complex functions, such as switching on freely defined lighting fixtures (corridors, external lighting) unlocking of doors (Front door / garage / side entrances) as well the further processing of the alarm will be provided.

The Forwarding to third parties (guard service / police / fire department, etc.) is equally possible.

This Block can work with all modules and blocks of the system. All functions can involved in the alert and the further measures and be used. An example is the switching off of the heating to call at a reported leakage in the tank room.

lighting control

The light control includes the local and central control of all connected lamps. At the push of a button lighting situations can ge which are adapted to the individual requirements.

A Lighting control helps save energy by unused spaces automatically shut off and provided enough Daylight is available, all lights on either dimmed or switched off completely.

The Lighting control offers a lot of comfort, e.g. the scene setting for the various situations, such as television, food, work, etc. The is called, At the push of a button, the corresponding lamps are the optimal Brightness switched on.

The Light control can over a central console and / or a remote control on and off become.

automatically Switching on external and indoor lamps and a light scene adapted to the occupants the house appears inhabited.

Blind and blind control

The Blinds and blinds control helps save energy by putting in the cold season the blinds or blinds at night always closed and during the day open become. You can also dependent from the weather, i. of solar radiation, wind force and direction automatically to be controlled.

The Blind and Venetian blind control offers a lot of comfort by removing the blinds not only automatically, but also via a central console and / or a Remote control open or closed.

The Storensteuerung has a share in the security of the house by the Blinds or blinds are closed even in the absence at night and opened during the day. This is an observer in connection with the lighting control an inhabited house simulated.

Temperature- and climate control

The Climate of buildings or building parts made of glass (for example conservatory) is regulated depending on outside temperature and weather. Blinds or awnings can automatically and manually controlled.

One Conservatory needs a particularly intelligent control system for optimal Use. Shading, ventilation, Heating, lighting will be optimal depending on the season, weather and temperature regulated.

By Integration into the system can also automate the conservatory or remotely controlled and monitored become.

building surveillance with intelligent alarm control

The monitoring and alarm function serves as a security system for protection against unauthorized access (alarm system, presence simulation) for other than alarm system in the event of unforeseen events (Power or heating failure, glass or water damage, etc.).

The The alarm system integrated in the system differs from conventional alarm systems through their intelligence and adaptability. By switching from Lamps and taxes of Storen leaves the presence simulation of a vacant house appear to be inhabited. By means of video surveillance can additionally any scenario (environment, nursery, etc.) on e.g. their Transfer touchscreen become.

In Connection with the light and blind control can in the absence - holidays, Weekends, working hours etc. an inhabited house can be simulated there all building functions and installations can be integrated into the system and also as needed a communication interface are intervened in the system can, even in the absence.

The Open blinds or blinds in the morning following a pattern adapted to the occupants and close in the evening alike. The light is also switched on and off realistically.

The Presence simulation is preferably seasonal and weather dependent and can be coupled with the heating control.

A Modern alarm system is characterized by simple and understandable Operation and maximum safety with little or no restriction on their habits allowed to. These conditions are met the alarm system function according to the invention optimal.

The Plant can be free according to the needs of Residents are programmed. Operation of the system at the central Console is interoperable. For the highest possible Comfort is a hand transmitter and / or the mobile phone for activation or deactivation of the facility available.

The alarm system can be divided into several independent sectors, each with its own individual Your own password can be activated. As a result, individual areas, eg apartment, office, practice, etc., can be used or saved independently.

About bus, Radio or conventional sensors and contacts (motion detectors, Glass breakage sensors, etc.) becomes a break-in attempt or damage event detected immediately. The sensors become structural and safety-related Requirements used.

One Professional, multilevel alerting concept is available. Alarm messages can be sent via the Telephone and / or the GSM network, SMS or by e-mail to several Subscribers are transmitted simultaneously or in succession.

Of the Alert status can be over queried or changed a PC from any location.

The Alarm system can be coupled with the presence simulation. So the system guarantees for highest possible safety.

With can be integrated into the system Video cameras for surveillance the house environment or for the supervision of certain rooms / rooms (children's room Etc.). The cameras can can be installed at any location and are over the system connected to the central console.

simultaneously Is it possible, the picture information about Internet access on any PC. For example, the Home monitored from the cottage become.

The So used TouchScreens can also be used as a TV, computer screen etc. incoming Short messages (SMS), e-mails or other communication services automatically displayed.

One significant difference and further advantage over previous ones System is the possibility the individual detection of persons in the building.

For this Both biometric and other sensors allow access, the abandonment as well as the movement scheme of persons in the building are recorded.

The Data in combination with other modules allow automation the alarm function. The system is able to determine if in a building authorized persons are present at a given time or the building have left.

hereupon constructively, the system is capable of predefined actions to perform, like e.g. the locking of doors in the automatic room monitoring mode switch over and much more.

The Activating / deactivating an alarm system is not necessary.

This Module works together with all other modules and can their Integrate function and sensors.

In Combination with e.g. the light control and / or heat control enable the data of the alarm function further automation. Consequently can the individual personal requirements in the scene control be retrieved automatically. When entering a room will be these individual wishes in terms of illuminance and temperature implemented automatically.

communication

interfaces to current technologies such as mobile network GSM, Internet, ISDN, Ethernet etc. enable the communication with any remote stations.

• – Telefonnetz Analog/ISDN
• – Mobilfunknetz GSM
• – Internet
• – Ethernet.

In order for the system to be able to communicate with the outside world, interfaces to the following external systems are preferably integrated or provided:

• - Telephone network Analog / ISDN
• - Mobile network GSM
• - Internet
• - Ethernet.

through the central console Text messages can be conveniently sent and received via SMS. alarms can be sent on fixed and mobile phone network and e-mail.

About one PC it is also possible System information such as state of heating, alarm system, etc. to retrieve or devices remote control.

For example so can the oven / stove even after leaving the house of be switched off remotely.

Cross features

Either Events can be documented in the modules as well as in the central unit become. This is an overarching Documentation given what again in troubleshooting significantly contributes to the reduction of the interference suppression time.

Claims (9)

System for controlling building installations, containing a central control and / or regulating unit, in each case directly with the central control and / or regulating unit via signal lines connected supply units, each individually through the central Control and / or control unit are controlled. System according to claim 1, characterized in that Supply units together with to them from the central Control and / or regulating unit leading lines activated and can be deactivated. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the signal lines with a maximum of 24V DC are applied when the associated supply units are not activated. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the supply units are switches, illuminants, sensors, telephone systems, a heating control, a hot water control, electrical consumers, and / or include an emergency power supply. System according to claim 4, characterized in that the sensors climate sensors, sensors for detecting a mains voltage, Lightning sensors, water sensors, gas sensors, smoke detectors, and / or Temperature sensors included. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the supply units have communication interfaces contain. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that one or more supply units activated on a time-dependent basis and be deactivated. The system of claim 4, wherein a heater controller is provided and a heater both fossil fuels as well Solar energy uses, with the central control and / or regulating unit such acts on the heating control that solar energy on other supply units is diverted when not heating availed becomes. System according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that the central control unit Contains control modules, when a predetermined event is detected by an input signal be activated and each reaction-triggering signals to multiple supply units output.